EX68 CR Science Report 094
Transcript of EX68 CR Science Report 094
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GVI Costa Rica
Coastal Rainforest and Wildlife
Research Expedition
Phase Report 094
October 2nd - December 11th 2009
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Conservation for everyone, everyone for conservation
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GVI Costa Rica Coastal Rainforest and Wildlife Research Expedition Report
Submitted in whole to:Global Vision International
The Canadian Organisation for Tropical Education and Rainforest Conservation
(COTERC)Steven Furino, Waterloo University, Canada
Submitted in part to:The Ministry of Environment, Energy and Telecommunications of Costa Rica (MINAET)
Produced by
David Aneurin Jones Country DirectorSara Calcada Field CoordinatorRichard Phillips Expedition StaffStephanny Arroyo Arce Expedition StaffSarah Durose Scholar
Jo Swanell Owen Scholar
And
Tucker SmithVolunteer
Thomas Proctor Volunteer Russell Pepper Intern
Brandon Alford Volunteer Tracy Farrell Volunteer Leonie Wilson Intern
Laura Oliver Volunteer Allie Coad Volunteer Molly Clifford Intern
David Thomas Volunteer Marcia Chambers Volunteer Sam Hopes Intern
Jennifer Morris Volunteer Susanne Brunner Volunteer Helen Wain Intern
Anja Dullaghan Volunteer Linn Holm Volunteer
GVI Costa Rica Coastal Rainforest and Wildlife Research Expedition
Address: Estacin Biolgica Cao Palma, Tortuguero, Costa RicaTel: (+506) 2709 8052
Email: [email protected]
Web page:
http://www.gvi.co.uk
http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com
mailto:[email protected]://www.gvi.co.uk/http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/http://www.gvi.co.uk/mailto:[email protected] -
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Table of Contents
1 General introduction.................................................................................................. 62 Jaguar Predation of Marine Turtles Study.................................................................7
2.1 Results ..............................................................................................................72.2 Related links ......................................................................................................8
3 Jaguar Camera Trapping Study ................................................................................83.1 Results ..............................................................................................................93.2 Related links .................................................................................................... 10
4 Marine Turtle Monitoring and Conservation Programme ........................................114.1 Results ............................................................................................................114.2 Related links .................................................................................................... 13
5 Canal Bird Monitoring Programme ..........................................................................135.1 Results ............................................................................................................145.2 Related links .................................................................................................... 17
6 Incidental Species Study .........................................................................................176.1 Results ............................................................................................................176.2 Related links .................................................................................................... 19
7 Great Green Macaw Research and Conservation Project ......................................197.1 Results ............................................................................................................20
8 Meteorology and Environmental Study ...................................................................228.1 Results ............................................................................................................22
9 Tourist Impact Study ...............................................................................................239.1 Results ............................................................................................................239.2 Related links .................................................................................................... 25
10 English Language and Environmental Education Classes......................................2510.1 Summary .........................................................................................................2610.2 Related links .................................................................................................... 27
11 Activities and Final Summary ..................................................................................27List of Tables
Table 2-1 Breakdown of main results for phase and season ............................................ 7Table 3-1 General data ..................................................................................................... 9Table 3-2 Trapping site information ..................................................................................9Table 3-3 Presence / absence (1/0) of known species this phase..................................10Table 4-1 Summary of Phase 094 results for Playa Norte and Nesting Season so far ..12Table 5-1 General phase totals for all canals.................................................................. 14Table 5-2 Unusual recordings for phase per canal ......................................................... 14
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Table 5-3 Presence/absence of species for phase ......................................................... 15Table 5-4 Presence/absence of species per canal for phase .........................................16Table 6-1 Overview of incidental totals this phase.......................................................... 17Table 6-2Special Interest sightings for phase .................................................................17Table 6-3 Most commonly recorded species by class for phase ....................................18Table 7-1 Classifications for Ara ambiguarecords ......................................................... 20Table 7-2 Ara ambiguarecords for Phase 093 & 094 .....................................................21Table 8-1 Weekly environmental averages for phase .....................................................22Table 8-2 Monthly environmental averages for year ....................................................... 22Table 9-1 Boat use restriction on Cao Palma, Tortuguero, Costa Rica. .......................23Table 9-2 General Canal boat impact data for phase .....................................................23Table 9-4 Activity by usage type ..................................................................................... 24List of Figures
Figure 9-1 Canal usage by tourist boat vs. non-tourist boat ........................................... 24Figure 9-2 Breakdown of canal usage by Lodge.............................................................24Figure 9-3 Total number of boat by time for phase ......................................................... 25
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1 General introduction
In July 2005, GVI established the Costa Rica expedition based at Estacin BIolgica
Cao Palma (EBCP), Tortuguero.
The biological station is located in the southern section of the Barra del Colorado Wildlife
Refuge (BCWR) directly to the north of Tortuguero National Park (TNP). The area of
operation for the expedition covers both TNP and the BCWR; both of which are included
in the Tortuguero Conservation Area (ACTo). The area consists of a collection of
waterways running through Caribbean lowland rainforest. The coastal habitats are
generally similar in type throughout the area of operation with small variation in boarding
habitats, width of the beach and quantity and type of debris found on the beach. The
forest habitats vary more considerably with several distinct habitats being present.Altitudinal differences of a couple metres have a large effect on both habitat and species
composition in the area. Lower areas, such as those found around the station, tend to
have large areas of flooded forest whereas the drier areas associated to the National
Park tend to only be submerged during times of flooding.
The EBCP was purchased in 1991, by the Canadian Organization for Tropical Education
and Rainforest Conservation (COTERC). Prior to GVIs arrival a number of studies had
been undertaken, looking at various species and habitats but no longer term monitoring
projects had been possible. GVI Costa Ricas volunteer resource made long-term
studies possible and needs were assessed and partnerships sourced. Currently, GVI
Costa Rica is working closely with the Costa Rican Ministry for the Environment and
Energy (MINAET), COTERC and the local community of San Francisco, as well as being
a member of Alianza para Baulas del Caribe (ABC) and Red de las Tortugas marinas.
This report is a quarterly review of the data collected in the forth volunteer cycle of 2009
(Phase 094: October 2nd 11th December 2009). In addition to those listed, GVI Costa
Rica is also supplying resources and personnel to assist COTERC in a Large Mammal
Monitoring Programme inside the BCWR. Further details of GVI Costa Rica research
programmes and all protocols can be found at http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com.
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2 Jaguar Predation of Marine Turtles Study
GVI Costa Rica has been conducting this research by request of MINAET since July
2005. The aim of this project is to determine whether predation of marine turtles by
jaguars (Panthera onca) in TNP is having an impact on the marine turtle populations.
Data collection for this project involves documenting evidence of jaguar predation of
marine sea turtles. On a weekly basis, a survey team walk 14.5 miles on the beach of
TNP. Information is collected, such as, the number and location of predated turtles and
the presence / absence of turtle and jaguar tracks per half mile on the beach. Other
general information is also recorded, including weather and sand conditions on the
beach.
2.1 Results
9 surveys were conducted this phase, covering 120.5 miles; making 246.5 miles for the
season (July 2009 June 2010).
The phasedata represented in the tables below covers the period from October 2nd
to December 11th
2009.
Table 2-1 Breakdown of main results for phase and season
Jag sightings 0
Number of full turtles tracks this phase: 2770
Number of full turtles tracks this season: 17555
Number of newly recorded dead turtles this phase 81
Number of dead turtles this season (Jul Jun): 162
Area of highest turtle activity this phase Mile 10
Area of highest jag activity this phase Mile 16-16.5
Area of highest turtle predation this phase Mile 14.5
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2.2 Related links
Sociedad Mesoamericana para la Biologa y la Conservacin: GVI
Costa Rica attended this year's conference in El Salvador, where we
presented results from the Jaguar Predation of Marine Turtles Study.
GVI Costa Rica wins prize at Central American Conservation Congress:
More information on the outcomes of the El Salvador conference.
29th Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology & Conservation:
Poster presented to the conference in February 2009,
exploring the drivers behind the jaguar predation of
marine turtles phenomenon.
seaturtle.org - Image Library: GVI Costa Rica images of jaguar
predated turtles - free access for educational purposes.
http://jaguarnetwork.org/: GVI Costa Rica was accepted to join the network early 2009
Wednesday, January 28, 2009: notes from the field
GVI Costa Rica at the International Sea Turtle Symposium: update from the happenings
at the Symposium
GVI Costa Rica Makes Jaguar Newsletter: A new publication for GVI Costa Rica
Jaguar sighting: notes from the field
Jaguar Paradise? Presentation to the Defenders of Wildlife Carnivores Conference 2009
3 Jaguar Camera Trapping Study
To complement the Predationstudy, GVI Costa Rica began using camera traps at the
end of 2006. The aim is identify and estimate the abundance of jaguars along the beach
of TNP. Surveys are conducted between one and three times a week by a small
http://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=44861061974&h=9vCIx&u=rzrthhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2008/11/gvi-costa-rica-wins-prize-at-central.htmlhttp://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=40300868257&h=J5q0I&u=MEvG7http://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=54682335488&h=HEbQv&u=vBLXKhttp://jaguarnetwork.org/http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009_01_01_archive.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/last-week-gvi-costa-rica-attended-in.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2010/02/gvi-costa-rica-makes-jaguar-newsletter.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/11/is-it-agouti.htmlhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/23522355/Jones-DA-Jaguar-Paradisehttp://www.scribd.com/doc/23522355/Jones-DA-Jaguar-Paradisehttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/11/is-it-agouti.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2010/02/gvi-costa-rica-makes-jaguar-newsletter.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/last-week-gvi-costa-rica-attended-in.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009_01_01_archive.htmlhttp://jaguarnetwork.org/http://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=54682335488&h=HEbQv&u=vBLXKhttp://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=40300868257&h=J5q0I&u=MEvG7http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2008/11/gvi-costa-rica-wins-prize-at-central.htmlhttp://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=44861061974&h=9vCIx&u=rzrth -
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research team. Camera traps are set up in the forest that borders the beach, in locations
where there is evidence of jaguar presence.
The infrared and heat sensitive cameras are checked by a field team on a regular basis
to ensure the cameras are working correctly and to retrieve any photographs that havebeen taken. These photographs are analysed by the team back at the research station.
3.1 Results
The phasedata represented in the tables below covers the period from October 2nd
to December 11th
2009.
Table 3-1 General data
Number of cameras deployed in field 2
Number of trapping sites 2
Table 3-2 Trapping site information
GPS Cam site one N: 103020.3, W:832904.5
Position (NNMM) 5.5
Date set 10/10/2009
BaitHawkersbaker Wild Cat Lure
#2
Dates checked 10/17/2009
Number of trapping nights 6
Site results for phase none
GPS Cam site two N: 102257.4, W: 832439.6
Position (MM) 15.5
Date set 25/10/2009
BaitHawkersbaker Wild Cat Lure
#2
Dates checked 1/11/2009Number of trapping nights 7
Site results for phase None
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Table 3-3 Presence / absence (1/0) of known species this phase
Species Site One Site Two
Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii) 0 0
Central American spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) 0 0
Central American woolly opossum (Caluromys derbianus) 0 0
Collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) 0 0
Common opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) 0 0
Gray four-eyed opossum (Philander opossum) 0 0
Great curassow (Crax rubra) 0 0
Jaguar (Panthera onca) 0 0
Mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata) 0 0
Margay (Leopardus wiedii) 0 0
Nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) 0 0
Northern racoon (Procyon lotor) 0 0
Paca (Agouti paca) 0 0Red brocket deer (Mazama americana) 0 0
Tayra (Eira barbara) 0 0
White-throated capuchin (Cebus capucinus) 0 0
White-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) 0 0
White-nosed coati (Nasua narica) 0 0
White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) 0 0
3.2 Related links
Guess the species: notes from the field.
The epic adventure of camera trapping jaguars by Karen Dykxhoorn: notes from the field
http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=39758387678#/group.php?gid=39758387678:
View many of our camera trap images and much more.
29th Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology &
Conservation: Poster presented to the conference in
February 2009
http://jaguarnetwork.org/: GVI Costa Rica was accepted to join the network early 2009
GVI Costa Rica at the International Sea Turtle Symposium: update from the happenings
at the Symposium
http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2008/12/guess-species.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/02/epic-adventure-of-camera-trapping.htmlhttp://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=39758387678#/group.php?gid=39758387678http://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=40300868257&h=J5q0I&u=MEvG7http://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=40300868257&h=J5q0I&u=MEvG7http://jaguarnetwork.org/http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/last-week-gvi-costa-rica-attended-in.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/last-week-gvi-costa-rica-attended-in.htmlhttp://jaguarnetwork.org/http://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=40300868257&h=J5q0I&u=MEvG7http://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=40300868257&h=J5q0I&u=MEvG7http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=39758387678#/group.php?gid=39758387678http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/02/epic-adventure-of-camera-trapping.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2008/12/guess-species.htmlhttp://www.facebook.com/ext/share.php?sid=40300868257&h=J5q0I&u=MEvG7 -
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4 Marine Turtle Monitoring and Conservation Programme
This programme has been managed by GVI Costa Rica since 2007 and is carried out in
partnership with COTERC. The aim is to develop a more detailed understanding of and
promote the conservation of the nesting marine turtles that utilise our local beach, Playa
Norte. Playa Norte (north of the beach at Tortuguero) receives up to four species of
endangered and critically endangered marine turtles: green (Chelonia mydas),
leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and the
occasional loggerhead(Caretta caretta).
The beach is monitored by teams to record the spatial and seasonal distribution of nests,
the level of illegal poaching, hatchling emergence and hatchling success rates.
Information on the re-emergence of turtles to the nesting beach and / or migrationbetween beaches is also collected and recorded. Human Impact data are recorded to
determine if this has any impact on the nesting patterns of the turtles.
There are a number of different elements within this project, depending on the stage of
the season. During the nesting season, the beach is monitored each night in order to
record details of the nesting turtles and nests (including the location of the nest and
number of eggs) and to tag the female nesting turtles. A morning census is conducted
each day to determine the status of the recent nests and record any new tracks of
nesting turtles. The beach is cleaned at the relevant locations and times to promote
increased hatching success.
Hatchling tracks are monitored and recorded and nest excavations are carried out (once
the nest has hatched or is past the date it was due to hatch) to determine the success
rate of the nest and record any relevant evidence on why eggs have not hatched.
4.1 Results
During phase 094, 68 morning surveys and 47 night surveys were completed. A total of
4005.37 miles were walked on morning surveys and night surveys together this season
for a total of 2027 hours of survey.
This phase we have recorded the presence of green and hawksbill turtles nesting on
Playa Norte. For the season, we have also recorded leatherback turtles.
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Table 4-1 Summary of Phase 094 results for Playa Norte and Nesting Season so far
Status of nests this phase determined by MC54% Natural; 19% Unknown; 27% Poached;
0% Eroded
Status of nests this season determined by MC
68% Natural; 14% Unknown; 17% Poached;
1% Eroded
Number of nests recorded this phase DC: 0; Cm: 26; Ei: 0; Cc: 0
Number of nests recorded this season Dc: 70; Cm 169; Ei: 19; Cc: 0
Area of highest nesting this phase Mile 0.37 & 1.12 & 2.62
Area of highest nesting this season Mile 0.37
Number of relocations this phase Dc 0; Ei 0
Number of relocations this season Dc 31; Ei 1
Hour with the most encountered turtles this phase 23:00 23:59
Hour with the most encountered turtles this season 23:00 23:59
Number of REC this phase Dc 0; Cm 3; Ei 0; Cc 0
Number of REM this phase Dc 0; Cm 10; Ei 0; Cc 0
Number renesting turtles this phase Dc 0; Cm 0; Ei 0; Cc 0
Area of highest HLF this phase Mile 0.62; Mile 1 & 3
Number of hatched nests this season Dc 25; Cm 19; Ei 4; Cc 0
Number of hatchlings this phase Dc 0; Cm 1399; Ei 0; Cc 0
Number of hatchlings this season Dc 1100; Cm 1534; Ei 608; Cc 0
Status of excavated nests this phase 46% Natural; 22% Partially Poached; 19% Poached; 5%
Predated; 8% Eroded
Status of excavated nests this season67% Natural; 13% Partially Poached; 13% Poached; 2%
Predated; 5% Eroded
Percentage success rate for normal neststhis season Dc: 36%; Cm: 81%; Ei: 93%
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Percentage success rate for relocated neststhis season
Dc 48%; Ei: 0%
Number of LIF records this season 6
Number of DEC records this season 4
Full 2009 season reports for leatherbacks, greens and hawksbills will be available in
2010.
4.2 Related links
Red para la conservacin de la tortugas marinas de Costa Rica
www.redtortugasmarinascr.org
Alianza para las baulas del Caribe (ABC) / Caribbean Leatherback Alliance
www.latinamericanseaturtles.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=78&Ite
mid=143
Late leatherbacks by Lisa Spencer: notes from the field
Slick recovery: notes from the field
Marine Turtle Monitoring and Conservation: Presentation to Mesoamerican Congress
2009
5 Canal Bird Monitoring Programme
The partnership with Steven Furino of Waterloo University, Canada has been
established since GVI Costa Ricas arrival in 2005, the current protocols have been in
place since January 2007. The aim is to provide evidence to help develop an
understanding of how resident and migratory bird species use lowland wet forests and,
in particular, the canals that are associated with these forests.
We are responsible for collecting population data on resident and migratory birds on
canals in the TNP and the BCWR. In order to do this we monitor and record the bird
species found on three different canal at weekly intervals. Thirty target species of birds
http://www.redtortugasmarinascr.org/http://www.latinamericanseaturtles.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=78&Itemid=143http://www.latinamericanseaturtles.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=78&Itemid=143http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/late-leatherbacks-by-lisa-spencer.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/slick-recovery.htmlhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/22007082/Turtle-Presentation-to-MSBC-2009http://www.scribd.com/doc/22007082/Turtle-Presentation-to-MSBC-2009http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/slick-recovery.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/03/late-leatherbacks-by-lisa-spencer.htmlhttp://www.latinamericanseaturtles.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=78&Itemid=143http://www.latinamericanseaturtles.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=78&Itemid=143http://www.redtortugasmarinascr.org/ -
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have been identified and standard research methods are employed, such as standard
point counts and area search survey techniques, to ensure the data can be used
alongside that collected in other locations by other research teams. Surveys are usually
carried out first thing in the morning and involve a team of five or six canoeing through
the relevant area, recording any sightings and sounds of the target species.
5.1 Results
The phasedata represented in the tables below covers the period from October 2nd
to December 11th
2009.
Table 5-1 General phase totals for all canals
Canal Number of surveys
AQT only Surveys 2
Cao Palma 8Cao Chiquero 8
Cao Harold 8
Number of species recorded Phase Total
Cao Palma 16
Cao Chiquero 12
Cao Harold 17
AQTs 17
Total 23
Number of individuals recorded Phase Total
Cao Palma 150Cao Chiquero 78
Cao Harold 134
AQTs 544
Total 906
Table 5-2 Unusual recordings for phase per canal
Canal Species
Cao Palma Agami Heron, Boat-billed Heron, Cattle Egret, Gray-necked Wood-rail
Cao Chiquero Gray-necked Wood-rail, Rufescent Tiger-Heron, Snowy EgretCao Harold Great Blue Heron, Limpkin
AQTs Great Blue Heron
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Table 5-3 Presence/absence of species for phase
Key
Uncommonly recorded
Uncommonly recorded on indicated canal
Study Species 1/0
Agami heron (Agamia agami) 1
Amazon kingfisher (Chloroceryle amazona) 1
American pygmy kingfisher (Chloroceryle aenea) 1
Anhinga (Anhinga anhinga) 1
Bare-throated tiger-heron (Tigrisoma mexicanum) 1
Belted kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon) 1
Boat-billed heron (Cochlearius cochlearius) 1
Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) 1
Gray-necked Wood-Rail (Aramides cajanea) 1
Great blue heron (Ardea herodias) 1Great egret (Casmerodius albus) 1
Green heron (Butorides s. virescens) 1
Green ibis (Mesembrinibis cayennensis) 1
Green kingfisher (Chloroceryle americana) 1
Green-and-Rufous kingfisher (Chloroceryle inda) 1
Least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis) 0
Limpkin (Aramus guarauna) 1
Little blue heron (Egretta caerulea) 1
Neotropical cormorant (Phalacrocorax olivaceus) 0
Northern jacana (Jacana spinosa) 1Purple gallinule (Porphyrula martinica) 0
Reddish egret (Egretta rufescens) 0
Ringed kingfisher (Ceryle torquata) 1
Rufescent tiger-heron (Tigrisoma lineatum) 1
Snowy egret (Egretta thula) 1
Sunbittern (Eurypyga helias) 0
Sungrebe (Heliornis fulica) 1
Tricoloured heron (Egretta tricolour) 0
White-throated crake (Laterallus albigularis) 0
Yellow-crowned night heron (Nyctanassa violacea) 1
Total Species 23
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Table 5-4 Presence/absence of species per canal for phase
Palma 1/0 Chiquero 1/0 Harold 1/0 AQT's 1/0
Agami heron 1 Agami heron 0 Agami heron 0 Agami heron 0
Amazon kingfisher 1 Amazon kingfisher 1 Amazon kingfisher 1 Amazon kingfisher 1
American pygmykingfisher 1
American pygmykingfisher 0
American pygmykingfisher 1
American pygmykingfisher 0
Anhinga 1 Anhinga 1 Anhinga 1 Anhinga 1
Bare-throatedtiger-heron
1Bare-throated
tiger-heron1
Bare-throatedtiger-heron
1Bare-throated
tiger-heron1
Belted kingfisher 1 Belted kingfisher 0 Belted kingfisher 0 Belted kingfisher 1
Boat-billed heron 1 Boat-billed heron 0 Boat-billed heron 1 Boat-billed heron 0
Cattle egret 1 Cattle egret 0 Cattle egret 0 Cattle egret 1
Gray-neckedwood-rail
1Gray-necked
wood-rail1
Gray-neckedwood-rail
0Gray-necked
wood-rail0
Great blue heron 0 Great blue heron 0 Great blue heron 1 Great blue heron 1
Great egret 1 Great egret 1 Great egret 1 Great egret 1
Green heron 1 Green heron 1 Green heron 1 Green heron 1
Green ibis 1 Green ibis 1 Green ibis 1 Green ibis 1
Green kingfisher 1 Green kingfisher 0 Green kingfisher 1 Green kingfisher 1
Green-and-rufouskingfisher
1Green-and-rufous
kingfisher1
Green-and-rufouskingfisher
1Green-and-rufous
kingfisher1
Least bittern 0 Least bittern 0 Least bittern 0 Least bittern 0
Limpkin 0 Limpkin 0 Limpkin 1 Limpkin 0
Little blue heron 0 Little blue heron 1 Little blue heron 1 Little blue heron 1
Neotropicalcormorant
0Neotropicalcormorant
0Neotropicalcormorant
0Neotropicalcormorant
0
Northern jacana 0 Northern jacana 0 Northern jacana 0 Northern jacana 1
Purple gallinule 0 Purple gallinule 0 Purple gallinule 0 Purple gallinule 0
Reddish egret 0 Reddish egret 0 Reddish egret 0 Reddish egret 0
Ringed kingfisher 1 Ringed kingfisher 0 Ringed kingfisher 1 Ringed kingfisher 1
Rufescent tiger-heron
0Rufescent tiger-
heron1
Rufescent tiger-heron
0Rufescent tiger-
heron0
Snowy egret 0 Snowy egret 1 Snowy egret 1 Snowy egret 1
Sunbittern 0 Sunbittern 0 Sunbittern 0 Sunbittern 0
Sungrebe 0 Sungrebe 1 Sungrebe 1 Sungrebe 1
Tricoloured heron 0 Tricoloured heron 0 Tricoloured heron 0 Tricoloured heron 0
White-throatedcrake
0 White-throatedcrake
0 White-throatedcrake
0 White-throatedcrake
0
Yellow-crownednight heron
1Yellow-crowned
night heron0
Yellow-crownednight heron
0Yellow-crowned
night heron1
Total Species 16 Total Species 12 Total Species 16 Total Species 17
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5.2 Related links
Rufescents Return: Notes from the field - seasonal update
Aquatic Avifauna of Tortuguero National Park: notes from the field
6 Incidental Species Study
GVI Costa Rica has been recording incidental sightings of animals at EBCP since
January 2007. The aim of the study is to maintain a formal, accurate record of the daily
occurrences of birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians sighted within the property
boundaries of the station. By keeping a daily record of the occurrence of species, we can
determine which species are seen most frequently and determine if there any changes in
the frequency of sightings of certain species over time.
6.1 Results
The phasedata represented in the tables below covers the period from October 2nd
2009 December 11th
2009.
Table 6-1 Overview of incidental totals this phase
Number of species recorded this phase 119
Total number of records this phase 1706
Table 6-2Special Interest sightings for phase
Species Number of records
Great Green Macaw (Ana ambiguous) 1
Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) 1
Honduran White Bat (Ectophylla Alba) 5
Tayra (Eira Barbara) 2
Black and White Owl (Ciccaba nigrolineata) 3
Roseate Spoonbill (Platalea ajaja) 1
Boa Constrictor(Boa constrictor) 1
http://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2008/10/rufescents-return.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/10/aquatic-avifauna-surveys-in-national.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2009/10/aquatic-avifauna-surveys-in-national.htmlhttp://gvicostarica.blogspot.com/2008/10/rufescents-return.html -
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Table 6-3 Most commonly recorded species by class for phase
Birds Mammals Amphibians Reptiles
SpeciesDays
recorded(%)
SpeciesDays
recorded(%)
SpeciesDays
recorded(%)
SpeciesDays
recorded(%)
GreatKiskadee(Pitangus
sulphuratus)
89%Mantled Howler
Monkey (Alouattapalliata)
96%
StrawberryPoison Dart Frog
(Dendrobatespumilio)
89%
GreenIguana(Iguanaiguana)
83%
White-collaredManakin(Manacus
candei)
85%
Brazilian Long-nosed Bat
(Rhynchonycterisnaso)
90%Marine Toad (Bufo
marinus)51%
Greenbasilisk
(Basiliscusplumifrons)
80%
Violet-crowned
Woodnymph(Thaluraniacolomica)
71%
Mexican MouseOpossum(Marmosa
mexicana)
66%Common Tink
Frog (Herotilapiamultispinisa)
24%
CentralAmericanWhiptail(Ameiva
festiva)
77%
Chestnut-mandibled
Toucan(Ramphastosswainsonii)
68%
CentralAmerican SpiderMonkey (Ateles
geoffroyi)
42%
Smoky JungleFrog
(Leptodactyluspentadactylus)
21%
Yellow-headedGecko
(Gonatodesalbogularis)
65%
Clay-coloredRobin
(Turdus grayi)65%
White-throatedCapuchin (Cebus
capucinus)24%
Fitzinger's RainFrog
(Eleutherodactylusfitzingeri)
17%
SpectacledCaiman(Caiman
crocodilus)
38%
Figure 6-4 Most commonly recorded species for phase (recorded 75% of days)
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Table 6-5 Target species records for phase 094
Target species recorded this Phase Number of records
Green Iguana (Iguana iguana) 59
Strawberry Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates pumilio) 63
Marine Toad (Bufo marinus) 36
Black River Turtle (Rhinoclemmys funereal) 11
Great Potoo (Nyctibius grandis) 13
Central American Spider Monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) 30
Neotropical River Otter (Lutra longicaudis) 6
Great-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus) 0
Figure 6-6 Some incidental records for the phase: Boa Constrictor (Boa constrictor), White Bat
(Ectophylla alba), Hoffmanns Two Toed Sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni)
6.2 Related links
Priceless Monitoring without Cost: Poster to the Mesoamerican Congress 2009
7 Great Green Macaw Research and Conservation Project
The great green macaw is classified as endangered on the IUCN Red List and protected
under Appendix I of CITES. The estimated population for Costa Rica is approximately 35reproductive pairs, leading to the idea that this population depends on the larger macaw
population in the Indio-Maz Biological Reserve in Nicaragua.
The growing concerns about the status of the Great Green Macaw have lead to the
creation of the Great Green Macaw Research and Conservation Project - started by
http://www.scribd.com/doc/21920227/Incidental-Species-Study-Poster-Presented-to-XIII-Congress-Mesoamerican-Society-for-Biology-and-Conservationhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/21920227/Incidental-Species-Study-Poster-Presented-to-XIII-Congress-Mesoamerican-Society-for-Biology-and-Conservation -
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conservation biologist Dr. George V. N. Powel. This project has been working in Costa
Rica since 1994 to raise awareness and carry out research into this specie. It is currently
being run by Centro Cientfico Tropical in association with several organisations,
including GVI Costa Rica, the National University of Costa Rica (UNA) and the Scientific
Committee of the Costa Rican Ornithological Association (AOCR).
Between Jan 2007 and July 2008, GVI Costa Rica recorded 14 records of great green
macaws (Ara ambigua) at the station property as part of the Incidental Special Study.
During the Mesoamerican Conference for Biology and Conservation in El Salvador in
November 2008 we were invited to assist in the collection of data for Centro Cientfico
Tropicals Great Green Macaw Research and Conservation Project for the San Juan
La Selva Biological Corridor, first beginning collecting data for the Tortuguero area under
their requirements at the end of November 2008.
Since this protocol was introduced in November 2008 there have been 40 sightings of
Great Green Macaws by GVI Expedition Members. Of these 40 records, 22 were during
Phase 094.
7.1 Results
The phasedata represented in the tables below covers the period from June 26th
2009 December 11th
2009.
Table 7-1 Classifications forAra ambiguarecords
Activity (A) Habitat (H) Conditions (C)
1. Feeding a. Primary or secondary forest 1. Rain
2. Resting b. Open area, e.g.: field or garden 2. Cloud/fog
3. Nesting c. Forest edge 3. Other (describe)
4. Drinking water d. Plantation/reforestation area (what type)
5. Flying e. Other (describe)
6. Other (describe)
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Table 7-2 Ara ambiguarecords for Phase 093 & 094
Date Hour Place # A H Tree Type C
03/07/2009 10:43In front of Cao Palma Station -across the canal - going South
4 2 c Almendro tree 2
04/07/2009 7:30 End of AQT01 3 5 b 207/07/2009 5:35 Cao Palma Canal 11 5 2
23/07/2009 7:00 CPA03 3 5 c 3
15/09/2009 Cao Palma Station
07/10/2009 7:00 Cao Palma Station 4 5
24/10/2009 6:15Tortuguero National Park
Aquatic Trail Section 12 5 a 2
24/10/2009 7:20Cao Chiquero, Tortuguero
National Park2 5 a 2
31/10/2009 6:15Cao Chiquero, Tortuguero
National Park2 5 a 3
31/10/2009 16:00On Cao Penetencia, Just North
of San Fran
3 5 a 2
01/11/2009 15:50On main canal 5 mins South of
Tortuguero3 5 a 3
02/11/2009 8:05Cao Harold, Tortuguero
National Park3 5 b 3
09/11/2009 6:41Cao Chiquero, Tortuguero
National Park8 5 a 2
10/11/2009 7:00Penetencia, at the power lines
north of Tortuguero5 5 c 2
16/11/2009 North of San Francisco 2 5 c 2
18/11/2009 13:30 North of San Francisco 4 2 c 2
19/11/2009 14:10North of San Francisco on
Penetencia2 5 c 2
24/11/2009 6:55 National Park Rangers Station,Cuatro Esquinas
1 2 c 2
26/11/2009 16:30Just South of San Francisco
village2 2 a 3
28/11/2009 6:18Tortuguero National Park
Aquatic Trail Section 23 5 a 3
28/11/2009 7:18Cao Chiquero, Tortuguero
National Park2 5 a 3
29/11/2009 16:15 San Francisco 2 5 c 2
04/12/2009 16:30 Tortugero National Park 3 5 c 3
05/12/2009 9:00Cao Harold, Tortuguero
National Parka 3
07/12/2009 15:16 Penetencia 6 5 c 309/12/2009 6:15 Tortuguero National Park 2 5 a 3
09/12/2009 16:45 Cao Palma Station 2 a 3
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8 Meteorology and Environmental Study
COTERC have been recording weather information at the Biological Station to varying
degrees since 1991. Since January 2007, GVI Costa Rica has been assisting COTERC
in the collection and compilation of a set data into the climatological and environmental
conditions experienced at EBCP each day.
8.1 Results
The phasedata represented in the tables below covers the period from October 2nd
2009 December 11th
2009.
Table 8-1 Weekly environmental averages for phase
WeekRainfall
(mm)Max Temp (6PM) Min Temp (6AM)
Average Humidity(%)
Average Canal Depth(cm)
one 127.70 32.57 19.86 88.14 103.43
two 97.60 31.00 19.86 87.07 115.71
three 24.40 26.00 18.00 80.36 86.93
four 96.70 30.43 20.29 88.71 84.14
five 65.90 29.29 19.86 87.71 94.43
six 128.50 29.86 20.43 88.71 93.53
seven 350.50 27.00 20.43 89.71 131.79
eight 344.30 27.67 20.00 89.21 153.82
nine 173.40 30.29 20.14 88.64 117.36
ten 48.50 29.83 21.00 87.86 97.50
Table 8-2 Monthly environmental averages for year
Month Rainfall (mm)Max Temp
(6PM) Min Temp (6AM)Average
Humidity (%)Average Canal
Depth (cm)
Jan 160.2 32 16 88.1 101.8
Feb 198.4 32 17 88.5 116.3
March 93.4 30 19 86.3 102.9
Apr 88.6 32 20 83 85.5
May 50.9 32 21 84.8 93
Jun 113.08 32 17 84.95 89.75
July 178.5 34 19 86.21 105.93
Aug 133.8 35 17 84.56 98.61
Sept 341.5 32.73 20.08 86.36 97.34
Oct 361.4 30.23 19.58 86.21 97.76
Nov 968.1 26.57 20.2 85.9 116.78Dec
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9 Tourist Impact Study
GVI Costa Rica has been assisting MINAET by documenting and monitoring the impact
of tourism on our local canal since January 2006. On a weekly basis the canal traffic
along Cao Palma is monitored between 06:00 and 18:00. As possible, all days of the
week are surveyed throughout the phase. Two personnel conduct surveys, each taking a
six-hour shift, between either 06:00 and 12:00 or 12:00 and 18:00.
The number and type of boats are recorded, alongside any other evidence, such as the
number of tourists and the type of engine in line with information recorded for visitors to
TNP canals. The restrictions of use for Cao Palma are outlined below:
Table 9-1 Boat use restriction on Cao Palma, Tortuguero, Costa Rica.
ACTo Time restriction Number of boats allowed
06:00 08:00 10
08:00 10:00 10
10:00 12:00 10
12:00 14:00 10
14:00 16:00 10
16:00 - 18:00 10
9.1 Results
The phasedata represented in the tables below covers the period from October 2nd
2009 December 11th
2009.
Table 9-2 General Canal boat impact data for phase
Number of surveys this phase 9
Average number of boats per day for the phase 53
Average number of passengers per tour boat for phase 10Average number of passengers per lodge transfer for phase 12
Average number of passengers per work associated boat for phase 3
Average number of passengers per private boat for phase 4
Average number of people per survey day 353
Most commonly recorded tourist boat for phase Esmeralda
Most commonly recorded non tourist / private boat for phase Lusia
Most commonly recorded lodge for phase Vista Al Mar
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Table 9-3 Activity by usage type
Total number of tourist boats 309Total number of non-tourist boats 168
Total number of passengers in tourist boats 2668
Total number of passengers in non-tourist boats 505
Percentage of boats using 4s engines 79%
Figure 9-1 Canal usage by tourist boat vs. non-tourist boat
Figure 9-2 Breakdown of canal usage by Lodge
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designed to be fun and to continue to promote a good relationship between local
residents and GVI Costa Rica.
10.1 Summary
Classes continued as usual in San Francisco, with higher level English lessons being
taught to the local children. Thursdays were designed to target 4th-6th graders, with
Monday and Tuesdays remaining for the younger kids. As with previous phases,
volunteers came in every Monday to help with teaching. Furthermore, every Thursday
and Friday mornings were given to the private teaching of two young boys after being
approached by a couple of mothers of San Francisco. Adult classes continued to be
twice weekly, and brought out between three to five students each time.
The volunteers were also involved in helping the children make flowers and painting their
faces for participation in the community float at the Tortuguero community parade.
Community Event this phase was looking at Deforestation, and the team performed a
play in Spanish about a Macaw family being made homeless by deforestation. The
volunteers also had a seed and spoon race with the children and a crafts section making
puppets. Along with the children classes and assistance with community event and the
habitat healers, the volunteers also helped our community intern, Amelia, to set up a
recycling area at the local boat taxi rank. This is now allowing the local community to
separate plastic, paper and alluminium.
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Thank you all,
global vision international Costa Rica.
conservation for everyone, everyone for conservation