Evolution Unit Part II/II Powerpoint for Educators - Download at www. science powerpoint .com

8/8/2019 Evolution Unit Part II/II Powerpoint for Educators - Download at www. science powerpoint .com

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Fqbgv}nbe hem

Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe_hz} NN



S}hz} _hz} NN " Q ba he fmvch}nbehg ven} hjbv}

Cdhelf ]bpncs ne Scnfecf abz

s}vmfe}s ne lzhmfs <-8?

_hz} N; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe

_hz} NN; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe

_hz} NNN; Fhz}d S~s}f` Dns}bz~_hz} NQ; Gnaf hem Dv`he Bznlnes

_hz} Q; Fcbgblnchg Svccfssnbe

Mb|egbhm }df _b|fzpbne} qfzsnbe ba }dns qnmfb'ven} eb}fs' hssfss`fe}s' ghj dhembv}s' zfqnf|

lh`fs' qnmfbs' hem `vcd `bzf h}|||%scnfecfpb|fzpbne}%cb`



S}hz} _hz} NN " Q ba he fmvch}nbehg ven} hjbv}

Cdhelf ]bpncs ne Scnfecf abz


_hz} N; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe

_hz} NN; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe

_hz} NNN; Fhz}d S~s}f` Dns}bz~_hz} NQ; Gnaf hem Dv`he Bznlnes






]df 6}d @fcdhens`

abz Eh}vzhg

Sfgfc}nbe



#6%. Qhznh}nbe ns nedfzn}hjgf% $Hen`hgs phss#6%. Qhznh}nbe ns nedfzn}hjgf% $Hen`hgs phss}dfnz }zhn}s }b }dfnz ~bvel.%}dfnz }zhn}s }b }dfnz ~bvel.%

Cbp~znld} ® :?8? Z~he _% @vzpd~



]dfzf ns qhznh}nbe ne }zhn}s%




¸ Sb`f jff}gfs hzf jbze lzffe




¸ Sb`f jff}gfs hzf jbze lzffe hem sb`f hzf

jzb|e%





jzb|e%





jzb|e% ]df~ hzf }df sh`f spfcnfs hem che

`h}f%



̧ ]df feqnzbe`fe}

che±} svppbz}

vegn`n}fm pbpvgh}nbe

lzb|}d%




̧ ]df feqnzbe`fe}

che±} svppbz}


lzb|}d%




̧ ]df feqnzbe`fe}

jflnes }b mz~ |n}d

cgn`h}nc cdhelfs

hem }df ghemschpfjfcb`fs jzb|e%




̧ ]df feqnzbe`fe}

jflnes }b mz~ |n}d

cgn`h}nc cdhelfs





¸ ]df svzqnqnel jzb|e

jff}gfs dhqf

baaspznel }dh} hzf

`bs}g~ jzb|e%




~ ]df bzlhens`s |db` mnf hs h cbesfxvfecf

ba }dns cb`pf}n}nbe |fzf eb} }b}hgg~ zhemb`'




~ ]df bzlhens`s |db` mnf hs h cbesfxvfecf

ba }dns cb`pf}n}nbe |fzf eb} }b}hgg~ zhemb`'

Mhz|ne abvem }dh} }dbsf bzlhens`s `bzf

svn}fm }b }dfnz feqnzbe`fe} |fzf `bzf gnifg~

}b svzqnqf%




̧ Na }df feqnzbe`fe}

|fzf }b jfcb`f lzffe

hlhne' }dfe }df lzffe

}~pf ba }dh} jff}gfs`h~ hlhne jfcb`f

ahqbzfm%





\ g a



̧ \f che fth`pgfs ba

}dns }dzbvldbv} }df

eh}vzhg feqnzbe`fe}%




]z~ }b lvfss }df pnc}vzf dnmmfe jfefh}d }df

jbtfs%

¸ ^bv beg~ lf} bef lvfss% Zhnsf ~bvz dhem |dfe ~bv|he} }b lvfss%




Sh`vzhn Czhj



]z~ Hlhne( ]z~ }b lvfss }df pnc}vzf dnmmfe

jfefh}d }df jbtfs%

¸ ^bv beg~ lf} bef lvfss% Zhnsf ~bvz dhem |dfe ~bv|he} }b lvfss%




Chqf Shgh`hemfz



Mhz|ne bjsfzqfm }df Lhghphlbs anecdfs

|dngf }zhqfgnel be }df D%@%S Jfhlgf%




Mhz|ne d~pb}dfsn{fm }dh} bef anecd ghemfm

be }df Nsghem' hem }dfe |dngf }dfnz fqbgqfm

ne}b `he~ mnaafzfe} }~pfs ba anecdfs%




Sb`f anecdfs dh f s`hgg jfhis }b fh}s



Sb`f anecdfs dhqf s`hgg jfhis }b fh}s

s`hgg sffms' b}dfz anecdfs dhqf ghzlf

jfhis }b czvsd dhzm ghzlf sffms% B}dfz jfhis |fzf mfsnlefm }b ch}cd nesfc}s%









\dn d An d n j }} m } m } d



\dncd Anecd ns jf}}fz hmhp}fm }b czvsd

ghzlf sffms }dh} ahgg }b }df lzbvem2


H ( ]d An d a }d g a} j n}



Hes|fz( ]df Anecd ba }df gfa} jfchvsf n}

dhs h ghzlf jfhi hem che czvsd ghzlf ev}s%




]df~ fqfe fqbgqfm ne}b h Qh`pnzf Anecd



]df~ fqfe fqbgqfm ne}b h Qh`pnzf Anecd%


@ n jg } }d n na }d



@he~ spfcnfs |fzf hjgf }b }dznqf na }df~

`hmf }df kbvzef~ }b }df Lhghphlbs

jfchvsf becf }df~ hzznqfm }dfzf |fzf qfz~af| `h``hgnhe pzfmh}bzs%




Zfqnf| Hc}nqn}~( ]df D~pb}df}ncvs Jfhs}



Zfqnf| Hc}nqn}~( ]df D~pb}df}ncvs Jfhs}%


]df d~pb}df}ncvs ns h ebz`hg hen`hg n}



]df d~pb}df}ncvs ns h ebz`hg hen`hg' n}

fh}s gfhqfs hem }vjfzs $zbb}s.%






fh}s gfhqfs hem }vjfzs $zbb}s.% H `hgf

d~pb}df}ncvs `ff}s h af`hgf%






fh}s gfhqfs hem }vjfzs $zbb}s.% H `hgf

d~pb}df}ncvs `ff}s h af`hgf%


@bzf jhjnfs hzf jbze }dhe che pbssnjg~



@bzf jhjnfs hzf jbze }dhe che pbssnjg~

svzqnqf%


Fhcd D~pb}df}ncvs ns sgnld}g~ mnaafzfe} }dhe



Fhcd D~pb}df}ncvs ns sgnld}g~ mnaafzfe} }dhe

}df b}dfz%


_ m } d }d A m ] }d



_zfmh}bzs svcd }df Ahelfm ]bb}d

Scnfecf}fhcdfzncvs ifp} pbpvgh}nbes ba

}df D~pb}df}ncvs ne cdfci%


_ m } d }d A m ] }d



_zfmh}bzs svcd }df Ahelfm ]bb}d

Scnfecf}fhcdfzncvs ifp} pbpvgh}nbes ba

}df D~pb}df}ncvs ne cdfci%


Bef ba }df baaspznel dhs `bzf dhnz }dhe



Bef ba }df baaspznel dhs `bzf dhnz }dhe

`bs}% ]df dhnz~ D~pb}df}ncvs%


Bef ba }df baaspznel dhs h sgnld}g~ ghzlfz



Bef ba }df baaspznel dhs h sgnld}g~ ghzlfz

efci% ]df gbel efci D~pb}df}ncvs%


Bef ba }df baaspznel ns h jn} sdbz}fz hem



Bef ba }df baaspznel ns h jn} sdbz}fz hem

dhs gbelfz cgh|s% ]df cgh|fm

D~pb}df}ncvs%


Cgn`h}f ne d~pb}df}ncvs ghem jfch`f



Cgn`h}f ne d~pb}df}ncvs ghem jfch`f

mzhs}nchgg~ mz~ abz }df eft} sfqfzhg ~fhzs%

@he~ ba }df sdzvjs hzf fh}fe bz s}hz} }bmnf%


Eh}vzhg Zfsbvzcfs hzf gn`n}fm abz }df



Eh}vzhg Zfsbvzcfs hzf gn`n}fm abz }df

ebz`hg D~p}df}ncvs%


]df ebz`hg D~pb}df}ncvs che±} zfhcd }df



]df ebz`hg D~pb}df}ncvs che } zfhcd }df

gfhqfs' hem }dfzf hzfe±} febvld sdzvjs }b

svzqnqf% Ebz`hg d~pb}df}ncvs dhqf hmnaancvg} }n`f svzqnqnel% ]vjfz zbb}s kvs}

jfgb| }df svzahcf hzf fh}fe xvncig~%


Bqfz }dbvshems ba ~fhzs' }df ebz`hg }~pf



Bqfz }dbvshems ba ~fhzs' }df ebz`hg }~pf

d~pb}df}ncvs sgb|g~ dhqf }zbvjgf svzqnqnel

}b zfpzbmvcf%


]df gbel efcifm D~pb}df}ncvs }fem }b



]df gbel efcifm D~pb}df}ncvs }fem }b

svzqnqf `bzf ba}fe jfchvsf }df~ che

zfhcd gfhqfs be }zffs%


\n}d `bzf gbel efcifm D~pb}df}ncvs



\n}d `bzf gbel efcifm D~pb}df}ncvs

svzqnqnel' gbel efcifm D~pb}df}ncvs }fem

}b `h}f |n}d gbel efcifm D~pb}df}ncvsbqfz `nggnbes ba ~fhzs%


Bqfz}n`f eh}vzf ahqbzs gbel efcifm



Bqfz}n`f' eh}vzf ahqbzs gbel efcifm

D~pb}df}ncvs' hem lzhmvhgg~' }dbsf

baaspznel |n}d gbelfz efcis svzqnqf `bzfba}fe }b zfpzbmvcf hem }dfnz baaspznel dhqf

gbel efcis%


Bqfz}n`f eh}vzf ahqbzs gbel efcifm



Bqfz}n`f' eh}vzf ahqbzs gbel efcifm

D~pb}df}ncvs' hem lzhmvhgg~' }dbsf

baaspznel |n}d gbelfz efcis svzqnqf `bzfba}fe }b zfpzbmvcf hem }dfnz baaspznel dhqf

gbel efcis%


Hchcnh }dbzes s}bp h} }df dfnld} ba }hggfs} lnzhaaf%



Eb }dbzes hjbqf

Lbnel jhci }b }df jflneenel% Gf}±s abcvs



l l l

be }df cgh|fm D~pb}df}ncvs%


]df cgh|fm D~pb}df}ncvs che mnl vp }vjfz



zbb}s jf}}fz }dhe }df b}dfz D~pb}df}ncvsfs%


Eh}vzf ahqbzs gbelfz cgh|fm D~pb}df}ncvs'



hs }df~ che zfhcd }df }vjfzs'





hs }df~ che zfhcd }df }vjfzs' sgb|g~ bqfz

}dbvshems hem }dbvshems ba lfefzh}nbes'





hs }df~ che zfhcd }df }vjfzs' sgb|g~ bqfz

}dbvshems hem }dbvshems ba lfefzh}nbes'}df D~pb}df}ncvs lf}s sdbz}fz' hem lf}s

ghzlfz cgh|s abz mnllnel%


@h~jf n} gfhzes }b mnl hem jvzzb| ne }df



~ l

fhz}d }b s}h~ cbbg% Gbsfs n}±s dhnz%


@h~jf n} gfhzes }b mnl hem jvzzb| ne }df



fhz}d }b s}h~ cbbg% Gbsfs n}±s dhnz% N} ns hgsb

hmqhe}hlfbvs }b jf s`hggfz }b jvzzb|jf}}fz%


Bqfz }dbvshems ba ~fhzs' }df cgh|fm



D~pb}df}ncvs anems n} mnaancvg} }b `h}f |n}d

}df ebz`hg D~pb}df}ncvs%


Fqfe}vhgg~' }df }|b |be±} `h}f h} hgg%




Bqfz dvemzfms ba }dbvshems }b `nggnbes ba




~fhzs h ef| spfcnfs dhs fqbgqfm% ]dns ns

chggfm hmhp}nqf zhmnh}nbe%






~fhzs h ef| spfcnfs dhs fqbgqfm% ]dns ns

chggfm hmhp}nqf zhmnh}nbe%


Gf}±s lb jhci }b }df jflneenel% \dh} na }df



cgn`h}f lb} cbgmfz hem |f}}fz nes}fhm ba

mznfz%


Ne }dns feqnzbe`fe}' dhqnel `bzf dhnz

i m n m n gm



iffps ~bv mznfz hem |hz`fz ne h cbgm

cgn`h}f% ]df gbel dhnzfm D~pb}df}ncvs dhsh sgnld}g~ jf}}fz cdhecf ba svzqnqhg%


_bpvgh}nbes ba dhnz~ D~pb}df}ncvs hzf



s}hjgf ne sn{f ftcfp} abz sb`f sfhsbehg

cdhelfs%


]df befs }dh} dhqf `bzf dhnz svzqnqf



`bzf hem }dvs zfpzbmvcf `bzf% Jfchvsf

}zhn}s hzf phssfm mb|e' `bzf dhnz~d~pb}df}ncvs zfsvg}%


]df |bzgm ns }dzb|e ne}b he ncf hlf abz



1?'??? ~fhzs' beg~ }df `bs} dhnz~

D~pb}df}ncvs svzqnqf%



]df ebz`hg D~pb}df}ncvs |fe} ft}nec}' jv}

n ± n d g m g g



n}±s ftns}fecf dfgpfm fqbgqf sfqfzhg

spfcnfs%




Ne}fzfs}nelg~' jhsfm be jb}d `bzpdbgblnchg

m jn d n g nm



hem jnbcdf`nchg fqnmfecf'



m jn d n g nm n} n m }d }



hem jnbcdf`nchg fqnmfecf' n} ns hlzffm }dh}

}df `heh}ffs' mvlbels' hem d~zhtfs hzf}df cgbsfs} gnqnel zfgh}nqfs ba }bmh~,s

fgfpdhe}s%



m jn d n g nm n} n m }d }



hem jnbcdf`nchg fqnmfecf' n} ns hlzffm }dh}

}df `heh}ffs' mvlbels' hem d~zhtfs hzf}df cgbsfs} gnqnel zfgh}nqfs ba }bmh~,s

fgfpdhe}s%




Ft}nec} @bfzn}dfznv`



@bfzn}dfznv`

spfcnfs 6? `nggnbe ~fhzs hlb%



Qhznh}nbe ) @he~ Baaspznel ) Dfzfmn}~ 0 Qhznh}nbe ) @he~ Baaspznel ) Dfzfmn}~ 0E } g S g }nE } g S g }n



Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe% Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe%


Hc}nqn}~( ^bv effm }b czfh}f ~bvz b|e }~pfba venxvf D~pb}df}ncvs%



x ~p

¸ _gfhsf necgvmf }df `fcdhens` abz cdhelf$]df phz}s ba Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe azb` }dfeb}fs.%

¸ Czfh}f pnc}vzfs' dhqf ave |n}d eh`fs%

¸ _zbqnmf }ft} hjbqf bz jfgb| }df pnc}vzfs%

¸ ^bvz D~pb}df}ncvs sdbvgm cdhelf ne}b h ef|hen`hg' bz `he~ hen`hgs bqfz `he~}dbvshems }b `nggnbes ba ~fhzs%

¸ Vsf }fcdebgbl~ na ~bv |he}' bz |bzi ne ~bvz scnfecf kbvzehg%

¸ Jf pzfphzfm abz s}bz~ }n`f%


Qnmfb( Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe hem Fqbgv}nbe

_gfhsf pzfqnf| jfabzf qnf|nel |n}d



_gfhsf pzfqnf| jfabzf qnf|nel |n}d

~bvz s}vmfe}s( ¸ _hz} N; Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe @hmf Fhs~ $^bv]vjf.

¸ d}}p;""|||%~bv}vjf%cb`"|h}cd2q0x<1k|?[J>dH

¸ _hz} NN; Fqbgv}nbe @hmf Fhs~ $^bv]vjf.

¸ d}}p;""|||%~bv}vjf%cb`"|h}cd2q0<|6<R_>M[K=!afh}vzf0zfgh}fm


Mnqfzlfe} fqbgv}nbe; \dfe h lzbvp azb` hMnqfzlfe} fqbgv}nbe; \dfe h lzbvp azb` hspfcnanc pbpvgh}nbe mfqfgbps ne}b h ef|spfcnanc pbpvgh}nbe mfqfgbps ne}b h ef|



p p p pp p p pspfcnfs% spfcnfs%


Fth`pgfs ba mnqfzlfe} fqbgv}nbe%



_fbpgf hzf hgg ba }df sh`f spfcnfs' jv} |f che

sff }dh} pfbpgf ne sb`f pghcfs ba }df |bzgm dhqf

sb`f `nebz mnaafzfecfs



sb`f `nebz mnaafzfecfs%




Cbeqfzlfe} Fqbgv}nbe; Sn`nghz fqbgqfmCbeqfzlfe} Fqbgv}nbe; Sn`nghz fqbgqfms}zvc}vzfs ne vezfgh}fm hen`hgss}zvc}vzfs ne vezfgh}fm hen`hgs



s}zvc}vzfs ne vezfgh}fm hen`hgs%s}zvc}vzfs ne vezfgh}fm hen`hgs%







]dns Snmf;Bef phz} ba }df |bzgm







]dns Snmf; Heb}dfz phz} ba }df |bzgm







]dns Snmf; Heb}dfz phz} ba }df |bzgm

Ft% S% H`fznch Ft% Hsnh

Cbeqfzlfe} Fqbgv}nbe; Sn`nghz fqbgqfmCbeqfzlfe} Fqbgv}nbe; Sn`nghz fqbgqfms}zvc}vzfs ne vezfgh}fm hen`hgs%s}zvc}vzfs ne vezfgh}fm hen`hgs%



s vc v fs v f h fm h h ss vc v fs v f h fm h h s






Cbeqfzlfe} Fqbgv}nbe; Bzlhens`s fqbgqf

sn`nghz sdhpfs bz s}zvc}vzfs'





sn`nghz sdhpfs bz s}zvc}vzfs' ne zfspbesf

}b sn`nghz feqnzbe`fe}hg cbemn}nbes



}b sn`nghz feqnzbe`fe}hg cbemn}nbes'








mfspn}f }df ahc} }dh} }dfnz fqbgv}nbehz~

hecfs}bzs hzf qfz~ mnaafzfe}%











\f sff cbeqfzlfe} fqbgv}nbe ne Hvs}zhgnh'





n} sfphzh}fm azb` }df zfs} qfz~ fhzg~'





n} sfphzh}fm azb` }df zfs} qfz~ fhzg~' jv}

sn`nghz }~pf ba hen`hgs hzf abvem be fhcd



sn`nghz }~pf ba hen`hgs hzf abvem be fhcd%




Hc}nqn}~( Jnzm @bes}fzs%



_gfhsf zfcbzm }df abggb|nel_gfhsf zfcbzm }df abggb|nel

Jfhi }~pfs $v}fesngs.Jfhi }~pfs $v}fesngs.



-- --

--

--


Spbbe jfhi%Spbbe jfhi%




Lzhjjfz Jfhi%Lzhjjfz Jfhi%




@hlef}nc Jfhi% @hlef}nc Jfhi%




]|ff{fz Jfhi% ]|ff{fz Jfhi%




Ne }df abggb| hc}nqn}~; ^bv hzf zfxvnzfm }b

fh} sffms azb` h }zh~ vsnel mnaafzfe} s}~gf



jfhis%

Ne }df abggb| hc}nqn}~; ^bv hzf zfxvnzfm }b

fh} sffms azb` h }zh~ vsnel mnaafzfe} s}~gf



jfhis% ¸ Hs Mhz|ne±s anecdfs qhznfm' }df }~pf ba jfhi

hem abbm sbvzcfs hgsb qhz~%

Zvgfs




Zvgfs; F~f Lbllgfs Zfxvnzfm(




Zvgfs

¸ Eb}dnel dn}s }df agbbz $sgnppnel dh{hzm.%




Zvgfs


¸ Bj}hne sffms chsvhgg~ $eb} h zhcf. fqfe



~ $ .

}dbvld ne eh}vzf n} h s}zvllgf abz svzqnqhg%


Zvgfs





~ $ .


¸ Eb ne}fzafzfecf' hg}dbvld }dns mbfs bccvz ne

eh}vzf h gn}}gf jn}%


Zvgfs





~ $ .




¸ _v} sffms ne cvp $|n}dbv} vsf ba dhems.


Zvgfs





~ $ .




¸ _v} sffms ne cvp $|n}dbv} vsf ba dhems. ¸ Zf}vze efh}g~ h} fem%


Zvgfs





~ $ .





¸ Iffp qbncfs mb|e hem s}h~ abcvsfm be }df

}hsi%


Zvgfs





~ $ .






}hsi%

¸ Eb cb`pghnenel _gfhsf(


Zvgfs










}hsi%

¸ Eb cb`pghnenel _gfhsf(


Hc}nqn}~( Jnzm Fh}nel @bes}fzs%

¸ _gfhsf sif}cd }df abggb|nel }zh~s ne}b ~bvz kbvzehg%

¸ ^bv |ngg zfcbzm ~bvz }hjgf zhei $8-=. 8s} ns }df |neefz'

=}d ns ghs} ne }df cnzcgf%




Jnzm Fh}nel @bes}fzs _zbcfmvzf%




¸ ^bv hzf zfxvnzfm }b cb`pf}f $jfnel aznfemg~.



|n}d b}dfz `f`jfzs ba ~bvz }hjgf }b fh} }dfsffms ne }df }zh~%

¸ Fhcd lzbvp `f`jfz beg~ lf}s bef }~pf ba

jfhi abz }df |dbgf cghss% ^bv `vs} vsf beg~

~bvz gfa} dhem' cbggfc} hs `he~ sffms hspbssnjgf ne }df }n`f lnqfe% ^bvz lzbvp |ngg

zb}h}f fhcd }znhg }b h ef| }zh~%




n d d j a jg d








¸ _v} }df sffms ne ~bvz cvp%




n}d }d j a } jg } } }d









¸ Fs}n`h}f ~bvz cbve} |dfe mb|e $Zfcbzm ~bvz }hjgf zhei be ~bvz pnc}vzfs.




n}d }d j a } jg } } }d









¸ Fs}n`h}f ~bvz cbve} |dfe mb|e $Zfcbzm ~bvz }hjgf zhei be ~bvz pnc}vzfs.


_gfhsf hes|fz }df abggb|nel ne ~bvz

kbvzehg2





kbvzehg2

¸ \dh} }~pf ba jfhis |fzf svn}fm abz |dh} }~pf

a m2



ba sffm2



kbvzehg2


a m2



ba sffm2

¸ \dh} jfhi |hs bqfzhgg }df jfs}2 \d~2



kbvzehg2


a m2



ba sffm2


¸ \hs bef ba }df jfhis }df |bzs}2 \dncd jnzm

jfhi |ngg `bs} gnifg~ jfcb`f ft}nec}2



kbvzehg2


a m2



ba sffm2



jfhi |ngg `bs} gnifg~ jfcb`f ft}nec}2 ¸ \dh} mbfs }dns ghj }fgg vs hjbv} eh}vzhg

sfgfc}nbe2



kbvzehg2


a m2



ba sffm2



jfhi |ngg `bs} gnifg~ jfcb`f ft}nec}2 ¸ \dh} mbfs }dns ghj }fgg vs hjbv} eh}vzhg

sfgfc}nbe2


Hc}nqn}~( Jnzm S}zvc}vzf Avec}nbe hem

Svzqnqhg j~ neqfs}nlh}nel jfhi }~pf hem

abb} }~pf%






abb} }~pf%

Fhcd }hjgf lzbvp lf}s h }bife hem h |dn}f



¸ Fhcd }hjgf lzbvp lf}s h }bife hem h |dn}fjbhzm ) mz~ fzhsf `hzifz




abb} }~pf%

Fhcd }hjgf lzbvp lf}s h }bife hem h |dn}f



¸ Fhcd }hjgf lzbvp lf}s h }bife hem h |dn}fjbhzm ) mz~ fzhsf `hzifz

¸ Lvfss znld} hem iffp ~bvz }bife' lvfss

|zbel hem gbsf n}% \db |ngg svzqnqf }b }df

fem2


\dncd jnzm |ngg jf jfs} h} svzqnqnel j~ jzfhinel

}bvld sffms2





}bvld sffms2



\dncd jnzm |ngg jf jfs} h} svzqnqnel j~ ch}cdnel

ansd azb` }df hnz2



\dncd jnzm |ngg jf jfs} h} svzqnqnel j~ }fhznel

}dzbvld agfsd hem inggnel s`hgg hen`hgs2



\dncd jnzms |ngg jf jfs} h} svzqnqnel j~ s|nqfgnel

n}s jfhi }dzbvld }df |h}fz }b cbggfc} abbm2




}dzbvld pghe} `h}}fz }b anem nesfc}s2



\dncd jnzm che svzqnqf ne h ev`jfz ba mnaafzfe}

dhjn}h}s necgvmnel cbhs}hg |h}fzs' hlzncvg}vzhg

ghem' hem pzbjnel mffp ne}b nesfc} jvzzb|s%



\dncd jnzm |ngg jf jfs} h} svzqnqnel j~ bj}hnenel

nesfc}s' sffms' hem pghe}s azb` }df jb}}b` ba

pbems%



\dncd jnzm |ngg jf jfs} h} s}hjjnel }dzbvld

}df |h}fz }b ch}cd ansd hem b}dfz hen`hgs%



\dncd jnzm |ngg jf jfs} h} }fhznel }dzbvld

}df jbm~ ba s`hgg jnzms2



\dncd abvz jnzms |ngg jf jfs} h} fh}nel s`hgg

nesfc}s' sffms' hem pghe} `h}}fz |n}d h `vg}n-

avec}nbehg jfhi2






avec}nbehg jfhi2



\dncd abb} }~pf ns jfs} hmhp}fm }b svzqnqf

ne he hxvh}nc feqnzbe`fe}2





ne he hxvh}nc feqnzbe`fe}2




j~ |hginel }dzbvld }df `vm2




j~ pfzcdnel be jzhecdfs2




j~ cgnelnel }b }df snmf ba }zffs2




j~ lzhspnel hem inggnel pzf~2



\dncd abb} }~pf ns jfs} hmhp}fm }b dbp

hzbvem' cgnel' hem fh} Azfecd Aznfs2



\dh} hen`hg dhs }dfsf aff}2



Bs}zncd dhs aff} }b zvezfhgg~ ahs}



Zf`f`jfz' Jnzms ch`f azb` mnebshvzs



]dns ns lzbvsf abb} kf|fgz~ -Abb} |n}d gb}s ba anef afh}dfzs }b iffp}df jnzm |hz` be }df seb|%



]df Khcheh che |hgi be }bp ba Gngg~_hms jfchvsf n}s }bfs hzf sb gbel%



Hc}nqn}~( Jnzm S}zvc}vzf Avec}nbes%

¸ \db s}ngg dhs }dfnz }bife gfa}2



]zbpnchg jnzms sdb| `he~ qhznh}nbes ne cbgbzs%



³Dbb}½ ³Dbb}½ ³Kvs} dhelnel |n}d `~ jnzmjvmmnfs½ ³N |nsd N dhm cbbg cbgbzs gnif }dns(½



Df~(

S}bpgbbinel h}



gbbinel h} `~ jv}} %

Qnmfb; Jnzms ba _hzhmnsf%




]dfzf hzf he fs}n`h}fm 3 `nggnbe }b 8??`nggnbe spfcnfs be pghef} fhz}d%



_db}b }bvz ba sb`f ba }df efh}fs} hemzhzfs} gnaf be }df pghef}%




¸ Fhcd spfcnfs ns }df pzbmvc} ba fqbgv}nbe%





¸ \ngg }dfsf spfcnfs jf hjgf }b hmhp} }b hzhpnmg~ cdhelnel feqnzbe`fe}2



\b| Db| mnmhe hen`hggnif }dnscb`f }b



cb`f }bjf2



N mnme} kvs} lf} zve bqfz j~h }zvci% N h` sdhpfm }dns

|h~ abz h zfhsbe%



N mbe} }dnei

}dns `v}h}nbens h ahqbzhjgf

bef%



Ngg jf} ~bvqfefqfz sffe h

_helbgnejfabzf2



Eh}vzf dhssfgfc}fm hgbel ebsf

hem }belvfabz svzqnqhg%



Cdfci bv} `~

ghzlf f~fs%



N vsvhgg~ cb`f

bv} h} enld} %



N dhqf jnl fhzs

abz h zfhsbe



N gnqf ne

}df mfsfz}



Efqfz sffeh jgbj ansdjfabzf2



N` h AznggfmSdhzi



Aznggfm }b `ff} ~bv%

]df Mv`jb Bc}bpvs



Dn( N` dhqnel hlzfh} mh~ }bmh~(



%



N` s}zfssfm

znld} eb|( Lb H|h~(



Ne h af|`nggnbe ~fhzs'`h~jf N |ngg

dhqf gfls2



Qnsn} ]h{`henh }b

sff sb`f

cbbgfth`pgfs ba fqbgv}nbe



fqbgv}nbe%



N vsf }bdhqf gfls



dhqf gfls'jv} dhqf

gbs} }df`%

]z~ }b lvfss }df pnc}vzf dnmmfe jfefh}d }dfjbtfs%

¸ ^bv beg~ lf} bef lvfss% Zhnsf ~bvz dhem |dfe ~bv

|he} }b lvfss%



]df Ahelfm ]bb}dfm Scnfecf}fhcdfzncvs Fh}s }df D~pb}df}ncvs hem iffps n}spbpvgh}nbe ne cdfci Svzqnqhg ba }df An}}fs}



]z~ Hlhne( ]z~ }b lvfss }df pnc}vzf dnmmfejfefh}d }df jbtfs%

¸ ^bv beg~ lf} bef lvfss% Zhnsf ~bvz dhem |dfe ~bv

|he} }b lvfss%



Mhz|nes Anecdfs



^bv sdbvgm jf qfz~ cgbsf }b cb`pgf}nbe ba }df Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe pbz}nbe

ba }df ven} hssfss`fe}%




Hc}nqn}~( Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbeZfqnf| Lh`f%




Fem _hz} NN



Fqbgv}nbe hemEh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe

Fem _hz} NN " Q ba he fmvch}nbehg ven} hjbv}Cdhelf ]bpncs ne Scnfecf abz


_hz} N; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe_hz} NN; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe

_hz} NNN; Fhz}d S~s}f` Dns}bz~

_hz} NQ; Gnaf hem Dv`he Bznlnes






Fem _hz} NN " Q ba he fmvch}nbehg ven} hjbv}Cdhelf ]bpncs ne Scnfecf abz


_hz} N; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe_hz} NN; Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe

_hz} NNN; Fhz}d S~s}f` Dns}bz~

_hz} NQ; Gnaf hem Dv`he Bznlnes






@bzf Ven}s Hqhnghjgf h}©

Fhz}d Scnfecf; ]df Sbng Scnfecf hem Lghcnfzs Ven}' ]df Lfbgbl~ ]bpncsVen}' ]df Hs}zbeb`~ ]bpncs Ven}' ]df \fh}dfz hem Cgn`h}f Ven}' hem ]df

Znqfz Ven}' ]df \h}fz @bgfcvgf Ven}%

_d~snchg Scnfecf; ]df Gh|s ba @b}nbe hem @hcdnefs Ven}' ]df H}b`shem _fznbmnc ]hjgf Ven}' ]df Fefzl~ hem }df Feqnzbe`fe} Ven}' hem ]dfNe}zbmvc}nbe }b Scnfecf " @f}znc Ven}%



Ne}zbmvc}nbe }b Scnfecf " @f}znc Ven}%

Gnaf Scnfecf; ]df Mnsfhsfs hem Cfggs Ven}' ]df MEH hem Lfef}ncs Ven}']df Gnaf ]bpncs Ven}' ]df _ghe} Ven}' ]df ]htbeb`~ hem Cghssnanch}nbeVen}' Fcbgbl~; Affmnel Gfqfgs Ven}' Fcbgbl~; Ne}fzhc}nbes Ven}' Fcbgbl~;Hjnb}nc Ahc}bzs' ]df Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe Ven} hem cb`nelsbbe ]df Heh}b`~ hem _d~snbgbl~ Ven}%





_d~snchg Scnfecf; ]df Gh|s ba @b}nbe hem @hcdnefs Ven}' ]df H}b`shem _fznbmnc ]hjgf Ven}' ]df Fefzl~ hem }df Feqnzbe`fe} Ven}' hem ]dfNe}zbmvc}nbe }b Scnfecf " @f}znc Ven}%



Ne}zbmvc}nbe }b Scnfecf " @f}znc Ven}%

Gnaf Scnfecf; ]df Mnsfhsfs hem Cfggs Ven}' ]df MEH hem Lfef}ncs Ven}']df Gnaf ]bpncs Ven}' ]df _ghe} Ven}' ]df ]htbeb`~ hem Cghssnanch}nbeVen}' Fcbgbl~; Affmnel Gfqfgs Ven}' Fcbgbl~; Ne}fzhc}nbes Ven}' Fcbgbl~;Hjnb}nc Ahc}bzs' ]df Fqbgv}nbe hem Eh}vzhg Sfgfc}nbe Ven} hem cb`nelsbbe ]df Heh}b`~ hem _d~snbgbl~ Ven}%





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