EVOLUTION of the STATEEVOLUTION of the STATE

4 Theories:4 Theories: ForceForce

EvolutionaryEvolutionaryDivine RightDivine Right

Social ContractSocial Contract

FORCE THEORYFORCE THEORY

People were brought under the People were brought under the control of others control of others •.

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Divine Right TheoryDivine Right Theory

god(s) chose certain people to rulegod(s) chose certain people to rule

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Evolutionary TheoryEvolutionary Theory

The state comes from the family structureThe state comes from the family structure• Family, clan, tribeFamily, clan, tribe

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The Social Contract TheoryThe Social Contract TheoryPeople give up the right to rule themselves People give up the right to rule themselves in exchange forin exchange for

protection of basic rightsprotection of basic rights

John LockeJohn Locke• Published “Two Treatises Published “Two Treatises

on Government” in 1690on Government” in 1690• Governments were formed Governments were formed

to protect the right to life, to protect the right to life, liberty, and property. liberty, and property. These rights were These rights were absoluteabsolute, belonging to all , belonging to all the people.the people.

• People have the right to People have the right to revolt agains the gov’t if revolt agains the gov’t if the gov’t fails to protect the gov’t fails to protect their rightstheir rights

Thomas HobbesThomas Hobbes• Laviathon Laviathon • ““nasty, brutish, and short”nasty, brutish, and short”• The fear of death, and the The fear of death, and the

desire for comfortdesire for comfort

• Authoritarian Gov’tAuthoritarian Gov’t

The Social Contract TheoryThe Social Contract Theory

According to John According to John LockeLocke

According to According to Thomas HobbesThomas Hobbes

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