Evidence for Evolution BioH Ch 18 1. 2 Petrified tree sap = amber (Basis for Jurassic Park movies)
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Transcript of Evidence for Evolution BioH Ch 18 1. 2 Petrified tree sap = amber (Basis for Jurassic Park movies)
Evidence for Evolution
BioH Ch 181
2
Petrified tree sap = “amber”(Basis for Jurassic Park movies)
Fossil Evidence
In 2004, scientists digging in the Canadian Arctic unearthed fossils of a half-fish, half-amphibian that all but confirmed paleontologists' theories
about how land-dwelling tetrapods–four-limbed animals, including us–evolved from fish.
It is a classic example of a transitional form, one that bridges a so-called evolutionary gap between
different types of animal. Let’s examine five important cases.
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Stratification
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Evidence of evolution can lead to the formation of a timeline of development of life on Earth…
Geologic Time Table
Fossil recordsRelative DatingRadioactive dating
ERA’s correspond with major extinction events
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Comparative Morphology
Morphological divergence Homology
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Common ancestors?
Morphological divergence
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Morphological Convergence
Fish Mammal Bird
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“Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny”
Embryological Evidence 17
Comparative Biochemistry Evidence
DNA, RNA, proteins comparisons between species
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Systems of Classification
• Visual• Location• Anatomical• Physiological• Genetic• ???
Based on SIMILARITIES
Easiest to identify?
MOST important/ BEST relationships?
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Linnaeus’s System• Hierarchy• Seven levels - Taxons
– Kingdom– Phylum– Class– Order– Family– Genus– Species
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King Philip?KingPhilip Came Over For Good Soup
KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies
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Binomial NomenclatureGenus and Species name
Grizzly Bear – Ursus arctos
Polar bear – Ursus maritimus
Giant Panda – Ailuropoda melanoleuca
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Old vs. Modern Systems
Evolutionary classification (descent characteristics): Segmented bodiesJointed limbs Exoskeleton that is shed
Derived characteristics = CLADOGRAM
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Exercise
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Taxonomy
Identifying, classifying speciesClassification schemesBinomial systemPhylogenyK-P-C-O-F-G-S
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KingdomsArchaebacteria – Ancient bacteria, unicellular, prokaryote. Found in extremely harsh environments.
Eubacteria - More modern bacteria, uniclelluar, prokaryote. “Common bacteria”
Protista – Eukaryote, unicelluar or multicellular. Autotroph or heterotroph. Pathogens and parasites.
Fungi – Multicellular, eukaryote. Heterotroph. Decomposers, pathogens, parasites.
Plantae - Multicellular, eukaryote. Autotrophs
Animalia - Multicellular, eukaryote. Heterotroph.
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Radiometric Dating
Radioactive decay
in everyday life
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A Changing Earth
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Evidence of Change
LifeFossil evidenceStratificationRadiometric dating
GeologySedimentary layersSimilar mineralizationAging of mountain ranges
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What’s in the future?
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