Everyone is gifted….but some people

never open the package.

What makes “a way of life” a civilization?

• Several cities • Central government• Organized economy• Writing system• Specialization of jobs• Social classes• Legal code • Religion• Art and architecture

• How did humans advance during the Paleolithic era?

Neanderthal Man

• 250,000-30,000 years• Advanced stone tools• Used clothing• Buried dead• Lived in caves• cave art

CroMagnon / modern Man

• 30,000- present time• Sewing needles,

buttons• Snug boots; hooded

parkas, pants w/ leggings

• Fish hooks & harpoons

• Bows and arrows• Flint tools and

weapons• Lamps / animal fat

• Why are the discoveries of Jarmo and Jericho a problem for historians?

Mesopotamia: the rise of civilization

How was Mesopotamia transformed around 3000 BC?

Marshland and swamps…

• How did Mesopotamia get its name

http://www.akkad.ca/akkad1.html

Religion was the central force:

• Explained the workings of nature

• Eased the fear of death

• Justified rules and morality

• United people in a common view

• Bolstered the authority of rulers

• Promoted creativity in art, literature and science

How did Mesopotamians define the purpose of man’s existence?

• What were the functions of a temple priest? (administrator)

Why did a mood of uncertainty and anxiety pervade the Mesopotamian psyche?

• Frequent floods and droughts

• Windstorms

• Invasions

• The gods were unpredictable

Cuneiform

• The Behistun Rock

• Sir Henry Rawlinson

The Standard of Ur

• King Gudea of Lagash C. 2150 bc

• The inscription describes a temple dedicated to the goddess Geshtin-anna

• How did King Sargon earn a place in our history books?

Third Dynasty of Ur…Ur-Nammu, 2113-2096 BC

The ancient Sumerians were very smart people:

• Cuneiform• Law codes• Literature• Schools• Numbering system• Kiln-dried bricks & pottery• Lunar calendar• Potter’s wheel• The wheel

• The wheelbarrow• Sailboats• Bronze tools and weapons• The plow• Frying pans• Razors• Cosmetic sets• Shepherd’s pipes• harps

Why were King Hammurabi’s law codes obeyed?