EVALUATION OF SPATE WATER DISTRIBUTION AND APPLICATION

STRUCTURES

Dr. M. Munir Ahmad

Engr. Zafar Islam

Engr. Fazal Minallah

Water Management of Spate Irrigation Systems

PARC, D. I. Khan

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Earthen Structure ; • Not Dependable • Labour intensive and Time Consuming• Need repair after each spate

OBJECTIVES Develop and adapt water Management technologies for distribution/diversion and application of spate water

PROCESS FOR SELECTION OF PROCESS FOR SELECTION OF SITES AND EXECUTIONSITES AND EXECUTION

• Reconnaissance SurveysReconnaissance Surveys

• Local community approachLocal community approach

• Visit field with the communityVisit field with the community

• Discusiion for Water rightsDiscusiion for Water rights

• Planning for survey Planning for survey

CONTINUED……..

• PEAK AND AVERAGE FLOW ESTIMATION• DESIGN Preparation

• Implementation Schedule

• ESTIMATION OF THE MATERIAL & Cost

• PARTICIPATORY EXECUTION

• Participatory MONITORING & EVAULATION

PARAMETER FOR EVALUATION PARAMETER FOR EVALUATION

• HydraulicHydraulic Discharge, Sedimentation, Velocity , ErosionDischarge, Sedimentation, Velocity , Erosion

• SocialSocialWater Rights, Change in LivelihoodWater Rights, Change in Livelihood

• EconomicEconomic Fixed and variable cost, Cost benefitFixed and variable cost, Cost benefit

3-D View of a Field inlet/Outlet

AdvantagesAdvantages

• Can close inlet after irrigation easily Can close inlet after irrigation easily and avoid water flowing back outand avoid water flowing back out

• Can use it to irrigate next fieldCan use it to irrigate next field

Improved Design of a Diversion Structure

Include Bearings for easy operation

AdvantagesAdvantages

• Avoid conflicts Avoid conflicts

• Regulate flow divisionRegulate flow division

• Irrigate several areas simultaneouslyIrrigate several areas simultaneously

No. of Spate

Village August September

Daraban 12 3

Lallokot 14 2

Mochiwal 4 2

Gandi Ashiq 3 1

Gara Ramzi 3 2

Gundi Ummer 4 2

Frequency of Spate Water Arrival during 2006, Daraban Zam

Duration (hr.)

Village August September

Daraban 12 7

Lallokot 12 5

Mochiwal 10 5

Gandi Ashiq 10 8

Gara Ramzi 6 6

Gundi Ummer 7 5

Duration of Spate Water during 2006, Daraban Zam

Type Discharge (cfs)Area to be irrigated

(acre)

Min Max Min Max

Single way 36 60 11 15

Double inlet 90 120 16 30

Pipe inlet 28 34 11 13

Discharge and area to be irrigated from various structures

DIVERSION / DISTRIBUTION OF DIVERSION / DISTRIBUTION OF WATERWATERLocationLocation CommanComman

d Area d Area (acres)(acres)

BeforeBefore

Area Area Irrigated(Irrigated(

%)%)

AfterAfter

AreaArea

IrrigateIrrigated (%)d (%)

Increase Increase in in

Area(%)Area(%)

Gara Gara RamziRamzi

72107210 31.231.2 8585 53.853.8

MochiwalMochiwal 1250212502 24.9924.99 60.4460.44 35.4535.45

Farmers Benefited from Distribution Farmers Benefited from Distribution Structure Structure

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Beneficia

ries

(%)

1-30 31-60 61-90 More than 91

Farm Size (acre)

Mochiwal

Gara Ramzi

Area Increase for Irrigation Due to the Structure Area Increase for Irrigation Due to the Structure

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Perc

ent I

ncre

ase i

n Ar

ea

1-30 31-60 61-90 More than 91

Farm Size (acre)

Gara Ramzi

Mochiwal

Percentage Share of CostPercentage Share of Cost

0

20

40

60

80

Material Transportation Labour and water

Shar

e B

ased

Ave

rage

Val

ue

(%)

Two way

Single way

COST OF GATED STRUCTURES FOR COST OF GATED STRUCTURES FOR WATER DIVERSION AND CONTROLWATER DIVERSION AND CONTROL

S.NO.S.NO. ITEMSITEMS MOCHIWALMOCHIWAL GARAH GARAH RAMZIRAMZI

Total COSTTotal COST

(Rs.)(Rs.)SHARESHARE

(Rs.)(Rs.)Total Total COSTCOST

(Rs.)(Rs.)

SHARESHARE

(Rs.)(Rs.)

11 Bricks, Bricks, Cement, Sand, Cement, Sand, Gravel,Gravel,

Gravel, Stone, Gravel, Stone, Iron bars, Iron Iron bars, Iron gate etc.gate etc.

86.186.1 83.083.0

22 TranspotationTranspotation 2.52.5 3.23.233 Labour and Labour and

waterwater9.29.2 11.111.1

44 Earth workEarth work 2.22.2 2.72.7

TotalTotal 178290178290

146630146630

ImpactsImpacts

• Strengthen Village organization.Strengthen Village organization.

• No conflict during 2006No conflict during 2006

• Irrigated area increased Irrigated area increased

• Farmer made a rules for contribution to Farmer made a rules for contribution to maintain the structure maintain the structure

• Farmer from the other villages who irrigated Farmer from the other villages who irrigated from the structure are willing to contribute.from the structure are willing to contribute.

• Less pressure on main bund Less pressure on main bund