Evalua&ng the Cash Cover Crop Pennycress for Resistance to...
Transcript of Evalua&ng the Cash Cover Crop Pennycress for Resistance to...
Evalua&ngtheCashCoverCropPennycressforResistancetoSoybeanCystNematode
CodyHoerning¹,KatherineFrels¹,SenyuChen²,DonaldL.Wyse¹,JamesAnderson¹,DavidMarks³(1)DepartmentofAgronomyandPlantGeneJcs,UniversityofMinnesota(2)SouthernResearchandOutreachCenter,UniversityofMinnesota
(3)DepartmentofPlantBiology,UniversityofMinnesota
Introduc&on
• PennycressisbeingevaluatedasacashcovercropinacornandsoybeanrotaJontoincreaseenvironmentalprotecJonandprofitabilityinthesystem.
• Soybeancystnematode(Heteroderaglycines,SCN)isadamagingpestinsoybeanproducJon,causingover$1billioninyieldlossannually.
• InweedsurveyspennycresshasbeenshowntobeahosttoSCN.• ResistancetoSCNmayexistindiversepennycresswildcollecJon
Results
Table 1. Timeline of treatments for pennycress. The winter annual oilseedrequires a vernalizaJon treatment of 21 days at 4°C , to break winterdormancy.
ExperimentalProcedure
ExperimentalDesignThreecroppingtreatments• Spring-typepennycress:41lines• Winter-typepennycress:78lines• SuscepJblesoybean:2(SturdyandWilliams82)NematodePopula&on• HGType0Inocula&onlevel• 4,000eggsperplantVernaliza&on• Bothwinterandspringlineswerevernalized.Shootcollec&on• Abovegroundshootbiomasscollected,dried,andrecorded.
FundingprovidedbytheUniversityofMinnesotaForeverGreenIniJaJvefromtheMinnesotaDepartmentofAgriculture.
Roseceplants 35dayspost-inoculaJon
Timeline Dura&onStart-Pennycressplantedintocones.
Day1 21daysingreenhouse
Conesmovedtogrowthchamberforvernaliza&onat4°C.
Day21 21daysingrowthchamber
Soilinoculatedandsoybeansplantedincones.
Day42 35daysingreenhouse
End-SCNfemalescountedandshootbiomasscollected.
Day77 ---
DataCollec6on
Nematodecystsreportedcysts/plantAbove-coneplantbiomasscollectedandusedasacovariate
Conclusions
Figure1.FemaleIndexvaluesofSCNHGType0(Race3)ontestedlines.SuscepJblesoybeanlineSturdywasusedasthereferencesoybeantocalculateFemaleIndex.ErrorbarsrepresentStandardError.*ThelineindicatesaFIvalueof10,avalueconsideredresistantinsoybean.
• Femaleindexvaluesrangedfrom27-143cystsperplant.• Insoybean,aFIvalue<10isconsideredresistant.Noneofthelinesinthis
studyexhibitedanFIvalueofthatmagnitude.• AFIvaluebetween10-30isconsideredmoderatelyresistant.Line39
exhibitedanFIvalueof27.• Thisstudyindicatesthattherearenomajorresistantgenesevidentinthe
pennycresslinestested.
2.SoilsoluJonispouredover#20and#60sieves.
3.Cystsanddebrisfrom#60sieveare
rinsedintocentrifugetubewith
76%sucrose.
4.Eggsarecountedundermicroscope.
1.SoilfromconesisdecantedfiveJmestoremovecysts
fromsoil.
SCNGermplasmEvalua&onHGType0
MaterialandMethods
• Soybeancystnematode(Heteroderaglycines,SCN)isadamagingpestinsoybeanproducJon,causingover$1billioninyieldlossannually(KoenningandWrather,2010).
• SCNmanagementreliesheavilyonresistantculJvars,PI88788sourceresistanceispresentin95%ofsoybeansintheUnitedStates,andisrapidlybreakingdown.Duetothis,SCNmanagementisbecomingincreasinglydifficult(Niblacketal.,2007;Joosetal.,2013).
• InweedsurveyspennycresshasbeenshowntobeahosttoSCN(Venkateshetal.2000;Poromartoetal.2015).
• PennycressisbeingevaluatedasacashcovercropinacornandsoybeanrotaJontoincreaseenvironmentalprotecJonandprofitabilityinthesystem.
• ResistancetoSCNmayexistindiversepennycresscollecJon.
Sta6s6calAnalysis• Totalof121linestested(N=121).• Sixindividualplantswereanalyzedforeachlinetested.• FemaleIndexwascalculatedusingthe“Sturdy”suscepJblevariety.
• 𝐹𝐼= 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑥 100/ 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑦𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑛 "𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑑𝑦"
MaterialsandMethodsCont.
Pennycressseedpods
ReferencesKoenning,S.,andJ.A.Wrather.2010.SuppressionofsoybeanyieldpotenJalintheconJnental
UnitedStatesbyplantdiseasesfrom2006to2009.PlantHeal.Prog.Niblack,T.L.,P.R.Arelli,G.R.Noel,C.H.Opperman,J.H.Orf,D.P.Schmic,J.G.Shannon,andG.L.
Tylka.2002.ARevisedClassificaJonSchemeforGeneJcallyDiversePopulaJonsofHeteroderaglycines.J.Nematol.34(4):279–88
Poromarto,S.H.,andB.D.Nelson.2010.EvaluaJonofNorthern-GrownCropsasHostsofSoybeanCystNematode.PlantHeal.Prog.
Venkatash,R.,S.K.Harrison,andR.M.Riedal.2000.WeedHostsofSoybeanCystNematode(Heteroderaglycines)inOhio1.WeedTechnol.14(1):156–160.
*