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2017

EV Charging Infrastructure

Where Policy Meets Technology

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Presenter

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Abilash ET Nair, PMP

Business Development Manager

Electrification Products- Power & EV Infrastructure BU

ABB India Ltd.

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Presenter Bio

• Electrical Engineer & Project Manager with 8+ years of work

experience.

• Expert in Smart Grid & MicroGrid technologies.

• Globally Certified Project Manager.

• Completed MS and MBA from top tier universities in USA with “Triple

Honors”. National Award “Impact & Innovation Award” for 2014 from

Keller Grad School of Management in Houston, Texas for Smart Grid

project.

• Inducted as industry adviser for US universities in Smart Grid and

recipient of “Strafomore’s Who’s Who” for industry excellence in 2012.

• Joined ABB in January 2016 as MicroGrid expert. Worked with L&T in

USA as country-level Manager including Business Development.

• Joined as BDM for ABB’s Electrification Products group in March 2017

for BU portfolio including Solar & MicroGrids, EV Charging and Power

Conversion Systems.

Global Product Groups

BU Power and Electric Vehicle Infrastructure

Solar inverters for residential,

commercial and utility-scale use

– String inverters

– Central inverters

– Turnkey stations, packaged

solutions

– MicroGrids & Energy storage

Uninterruptible Power Supplies

(UPS)

Static transfer switches

Power distribution units

Power conditioners

Fuel cell inverters

Electric vehicle chargers for cars

and buses

Solar Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Power Protection

Service

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MGS100 Microgrid System

Single solution supporting

– On- and off-grid operation

• Supports AC generators with no backfeed

• Seamless transition between

on- & off-grid operation

– PV string input

– Energy storage

• Lead-acid battery initially

• Li-ion support coming

– Constructed with proven, highly-rugged ABB

products

– Single cabinet construction / container version

available

– Full load redundancy operation (optional)

– IoT & remote monitoring capabilities (Cloud)

Features Grid

or AC

Gen

Load

PV PV

Panel

Controller Remote

Monitoring

Inverter

Batt

NOTE: Pictures for indicative purpose only. Final product may vary

Container

- Container with inverter

- Container with inverter & battery

- Container with inverter, battery & operator space

Cabinet

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Microgrid – As a concept

A Smart System with its own generation sources

and loads, that interact with the utility grid to

ensure optimum operation with uninterrupted

supply.

– Multiple Sources

– On- and off-grid operation

– PV (Solar)

– Energy storage

– Grid Integration

– DC & AC integration

– Demand Response

– Source management

– Energy Management System

– Remote capabilities

Features (IEEE MicroGrid)

On-Grid

Off-Grid

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Wheel-to-Wheel Efficiency of

Alternative Fuels

• A vehicle drives 15km/L, so

0.5L gives 7km range.

• The vehicle drives

5km/kWh, so 31.5kWh

gives 160km range.

• An EV drives 5km/kWh, so

77kWh gives 380km range.

Biofuel: 7km

Hydrogen: 160km

Electric: 380km

Original source: Auke Hoekstra, Eindhoven University of Technology. Data was modified due to improved performance of biofuel and hydrogen.

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Globalization Standards in EV

• A brief bio about yourself goes here Automated connection system

High power DC transfer to bus

Wireless communication to bus

Based on

EN/IEC 61851-23

ISO/IEC 15118

Industrial quality power

cabinet

150kW, 300kW & 450 kW

modular

Redundancy per each

150kW module

400-850 VDC

Galvanic isolation

Remote management

Standardization

Goals

• Safety

• Automotive quality

• Interoperability

• Prevent technology lock-in

• Reduce cost

• Attractive for end customer

Passenger cars (2011)

CCS-1/2 connector

CHAdeMO

GB/T

Electric buses (2015-2016)

Overnight charging (CCS-1/2

connector)

and Automated Connection System

Supported by:

EN/IEC 61851-23

ISO/IEC 15118

DIN70121

ABB ABB

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EV & Charging Partnerships

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- R&D partners

- DC fast chargers

at dealers

- R&D partners

- DC fast chargers at

dealers

- R&D partners

- DC wall box for

Denza EV

- R&D partners

- DC fast chargers at

dealers

- Cooperation Dong-

Feng

- DC charging testing

& R&D

- DC fast chargers at dealers

- R&D partners

- R&D partners - DC charging testing

& R&D

- R&D partners

- DC Wallbox

- R&D partners

- R&D partners

- R&D partners

-- R&D partners

- R&D partners

- R&D

partners

- Global partnership

- R&D partners

- R&D partners

- Business collaboration

- R&D partners

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Public Charging (Time)

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Parking

- Parking garage

- Extended shopping

- Appointment

- Long diner

Commercial

- Daily shopping

- Lunch

- Med. distance trip

Highway

- Long distance trip

2 - 4 hours

45 - 60 min

15-20 min.

Typical time spent in each location should match with the charging time.

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Use case for public charging

various charging stations

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Categories

Parking

- Parking garage

- Extended shopping

- Appointment

- Long diner

Commercial

- Daily shopping

- Lunch

- Med. distance trip

Highway

- Long distance trip

Typical time spent 2 - 4 hours 45 - 60 min 15-20 min.

Power level ~20 kW ~50 kW 50-350 kW

Typical Performance

2010-2018 Small EV

(~35 kWh)

Full Full ~80%

(Max. 50 kW)

>2018 Long range EV

(~80 kWh)

50-100% 50-100% ~80%

(150 - 350 kW)

+

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Driver: The EV range roadmap for

EU, USA & Asia-Pacific

Batteries get bigger, range gets longer / DC Charging power

increases in the coming years

Small cars:

50 - <150kW

Mid/high segment:

120 - 150 kW

Top segment:

~300/350 kW

50 kW Charging on the road 150-350 kW

3-6 kW AC Charging at home / office 10-20 kW

3-20 kW Charging at commercial locations 20-50 kW

2W & 3W

<50kW

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Global Pool of EV cars and

Standards

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Mercedes

Vito E-cell

Peugeot iOn

Citroën C-Zero

On the roads

Ford Focus

Electric

Nissan Leaf 1.0

Mitsubishi i-MiEV

Smart ED

Gen 1 Renault

Twizy

Renault

Fluence ZE

Citroën Berlingo

Renault

Kangoo ZE

2016 2017 2018 2019, 2020, …

BMW i3

Only AC slow

(3.6-7.2 kW)

DC fast charging

CCS (50 kW @400V)

DC fast charging

CHAdeMO (50 kW @400V)

AC fast charging

(43 kW)

AC charging

(11 kW)

DC high-power charging

CCS high-power (≥150 kW @400V)

Audi SUV (Q6)

500 km

Opel Ampera-e

300

km

Nissan

Leaf 30

180 km

Nissan

Leaf 2.0

300

km

VW e-Golf

130 km

130 km

VW e-UP!

110 km

Nissan Leaf 1.1

130 km

Nissan e-NV200

110

km

Kia

Soul-EV

150

km

Tesla Model X

(adapter)

450 km

BMW i3 2.0

190 km

VW e-Golf 1.1

300

km

Hyundai Ioniq

?? km

110 km

110 km 110 km

120 km

110 km

Peugeot

Partner

110 km

Renault Zoe ZE

130

km

Mercedes B250E

140 km

Tesla Model S

450 km

Daimler Smart ED

110 km

Renault XX

ccs

?? km

Renault Zoe 1.1

200

km

Daimler E-Smart

??

km

Tesla Model S

(adapter)

450 km

VW SUV

?? km

450

km

Audi

R8 e-tron

Daimler EQ

500

km

500 km

Porsche Mission E

Mitsubishi

Outlander PHEV

40

km

Tesla Model Y

ccs?

??

km

400

km

VW Budd-e

iCar?

Honda Fit

100

km

Infinity LE

200

km

Audi A2

?? km

Citroën E-Mehari

200 km

Mahindra e20

110

km

Ford Model E

?? km

Volvo EV

?? km

Tesla Model 3

ccs?

?? km 350

km

AstonMartin

RapidE

??

km

Honda Clarity

ccs?

?? km

Hyundai e-SUV

?? km

VW CUV

?? km

Renault Zoe

130

km

Kia Soul

ccs?

??

km

Peugeot

mid-size

450

km

Tesla Model S

450 km

VW ID

500 km BMW X3

?? km

600

km

Fisker Emotion

CCS high-power (≥300 kW @400/800V)

Jaguar i-Pace

500

km

Skoda E

500

km

BMW Mini E

?? km

Focus Electric

180

km

Lucid Air

650 km FF 91 700 km

AC charging

(22 kW)

Mahindra e20 Plus

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Step-by-Step range Improvement

E-Cars for long distance

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Nissan Leaf 30 kWh / ~50 kW charging

Main

str

eam

segm

ent

Pre

miu

m

BMW i3 33 kWh / ~50 kW charging

Hyundai Ioniq 28 kWh / ~50 kW charging

VW e-golf update 35.8 kWh / ~50 kW charging

Chevrolet Bolt / Opel Ampera-E 60 kWh / ~50 kW charging

Audi Q6 e-tron 94 kWh / ~150 kW charging

Porsche Mission-E

? kWh / ~300 kW charging

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Tesla Model S/X + CHAdeMo adapter 60-100 kWh / ~50 kW charging

High volume

production

Medium volume

production

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GB/T

Global Standards

Map & Charging Standards

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CCS

CHAdeMO

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Global Standards in

AC & DC Charging

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The standards are different, But with the CCS integrating the global

standard, there might be a single standard globally in the coming

years

Single Module Capacity at 50kW for ECars and 150kW for Ebus.

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IoT & Connected Services

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Charging station forms the Infrastructure

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Brands opting for Standardization

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EV Fast Charging and

Global standardization

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Examples of Car Charging Solutions

EV Showcase

• Los Angeles, USA

• London, UK

• Munich, Germany

International Conference

– E-Mobility

• Berlin, Germany

• German Federal Govt.,

First public charges

– @ VW & BMW

• Reached 5000 units

• CCS & CHAdeMO stds

Started EV Charging Infrastructure in 2012 as a revolution. Already sold 5000 units.

May 2012 May 2013 July 2013

Slide

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Multi-standard in Single Unit

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AC CCS CHAdeMO

20 & 50kW capacity

C - (Combo) = Combined Charging Systems (CCS) - DC

J - (Japan) = CHAdeMO - DC

Z - (China) = GB - DC

T - (Socket) = Type 2 Socket - AC

G - (Grid) = Cable + Type 2 Connector - AC

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AC Charging vs DC Charging

CHAdeMO

module

Li-ion battery

Every vehicle needs to have its onboard

equipment

Infrastructure investment is shared with

hundreds of users

CHAdeMO

module

DC Fast

Charging

Station

On-board

Charger

Li-ion battery

BMS

AC Charging DC Charging

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Standardization for Ebus Initiatives

eBusCS project

• Objective: The main goal of eBusCS is to support a standardized solution approach for eBus

Charging Systems in close cooperation with different technical committees like

ISO/IEC as well and application & user forums like VDV and UITP.

• Includes standards for: • Opportunity chargers (Automated connection System)

• Depot charging

• Time line: Oct 2015 till September 2018

• Website: www.ebuscs.net

• Project Partners:

ABB AG EvoBus GmbH Hamburger Hochbahn AG MAN Truck & Bus Siemens AG TU Dortmund Volvo AG

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AC Charging vs DC Charging

Depot charging = CCS-2 connector (DC 20-150kW)

Opportunity charging v1=

Inverted Pantograph with DC

Examples of EBus Charging Solutions

Operated by Sales-Lentz

– 4 x 150kW ACS – 2017

• Volvo Hybrid Bus

• Intensive Passanger

Operation

• Since 2016.

International Conference

– 15 x ABB 150kW ACS

• 101 Volvo Electric Hybrid

• Intensive Passenger

Operation

• Since 2016.

IAA Hanover 2016

– @ VW & BMW

• Opportunity Charging

(Inverted Pantograph)

• Overnight Charging (CCS-2)

Started EV Charging Infrastructure in 2012 as a revolution.

Now the world leader in public EV Charging.

Luxembourg MDDI TEC Nemur, Belgium Munich, Germany

Slide

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Smart Solar Concept Microgrid

For EV Charging

MGS100

Solar Charger Concept

for Smart Cities

– Possible with

current technology

– Source

management

– Load management

for optimum Power

Output

– IoT Grid

or AC

Gen

PV

PV

Pane

l

Controller Remote

Monitoring

Inverter

Bat

t