Europeans Explore the East

Warm Up: If a spaceship were to arrive here in San Leandro with a group of people that were hominid but with some very distinct differences how would you respond?

Homework: Cornell Notes 95-101

$• Main reason for exploration- Spices (nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, pepper) and trade goods (silk, porcelain)

• Muslims controlled trade land routes (silk road)

• Need for water route

Christianity

• Crusades- main purpose was to spread Christianity

• Bartolmeu Dias “ to serve God, His Majesty, to give light to those in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to do.

Technology

• 1400’s Caravel- New ships with triangular sails, large cargo areas

• Magnetic compass

• Astrolobe

Portugese Exploration

• Prince Henry recognizing the wealth in the East led the way

• Problem was the trade route

• Trading Posts were Established throughout Africa

Other Nations

• English and Dutch began to challenge Portugese

• Dutch East Indian company- dominates in 1600’s

Arrival in Asia• 1488 Bartolumeu Dias

went around the horn of Africa (Portugal)

• 1492 Columbus sails looking for trade route for Spain Portugal's rival. Calculated Japan was 2,500 miles away in fact 10,000 nautical miles

• 1497 Vasco de Gama then went the next step and traveled to India (Portugal)

Treaty of Tordesellias

• 1519-1522 Magellan Circumvents the world. He doesn’t make it but crew does (Spain)

• Conflict between Spain and Portugal leads to Demarcation Line by Pope and then a final agreement of Treaty of Tordesellias

Trading Empire

• Took trade from Muslim merchants

• Began to seize water ways to control trade in Asia

• Prices dropped to 1/5 in Europe

• 1565-1575 Spanish Conquest of the Philippines

Afonso de Albuquuerque

“ If we deprive them (Muslims) of this there ancient market there, there does not remain for them a single port in the whole of these parts, where they can carryon their trade in these things…I hold it as very certain that if we take this trade of Malacca away out of their hands, Cairo and Mecca are entirely ruined, and to Venice will no spiceries…conveyed except which her merchants go and buy in Portugal.”

Major Impact

Biological- Changes in animal and plant life, disease, human communities

Commercial Exchange- sea lanes, global economy, manufactured goods

Technological and Cultural change- exchange of goods- gun powder, printing, religious conversion

Summary Questions

1) Where was Prince Henry the Navigator from?

2) What were the most important goods sold during the 1400’s?

3) Who sailed around the southern tip of Africa?

4) What route did Vasco de Gama establish?

5) By the 1700’s what nations East Indian Company dominated trade in India?

6) What divided colonies between Spain and Portugal?

Extra Credit

Film

•The Mission (Fictional, shows conflicts between the church, indigenous people, Portuguese and Spanish)

• A) Typed Essay page 115 #2 Writing about History B) Read take Cornell Notes, The Conquest of New Spain, The Four Voyages of Columbus, Open Veins of Latin America