Early Italian Renaissance Quattrocento 1400s. Linear Perspective Arrives!
Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) ...
-
Upload
whitney-hunter -
Category
Documents
-
view
227 -
download
0
Transcript of Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) ...
![Page 1: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Europeans Explore the East
![Page 2: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?
![Page 3: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A. New Trade Routes New sources of wealth = #1 motivation!
Exposed to exotic spices & silks = Crusades High Demand + Low Supply = High Prices
Muslims & Italians controlled trade from East Euros. grew tired of paying high $$$$$
![Page 4: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
B. The Spread of God Crusades = hostility betw. Christians/Muslims
MUST SPREAD THE WORD OF GOD!!!
![Page 5: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
C. Technological Advances 1. Mapmaking improved (Ren.---Ptolemy)
Added info. about Af. & Asia Sea captains were inspired by new maps
![Page 6: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2. Navigation Instruments Compass (Chinese invention – 70 CE) Astrolabe (Muslims – 800 CE)
![Page 7: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
3. Caravel (1400s) Euro. ships could NOT sail against wind Caravel = had triangular sails (Arabs)
![Page 8: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
II. Portugal Leads the Way Port. = first country to est. posts in W. Af.
![Page 9: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
A. Portuguese in Africa Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)
Determined to reach the East Spread God 1419: founded navigation school (Port.)
Canary Islands, Azores, & Madeira
![Page 10: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
B. Port. Reach Asia 1488: Bartolomeu Diaz—reached southern tip
of Af. Explored S.E. Af.
1497: Vasco da Gama—explored E. coast of Af.& reached Calicut (S.W. India) --returned to Port. (1499) w/spices --gave Port. direct sea route to India
![Page 12: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
III. Spanish Claims 1492: Christopher Columbus convinced Spain to
finance voyage across Atlantic Oct.—reached Bahamas (East Indies?) Opened up Euro. colonization in Amers.
Tensions betw. Spain & Port. 1493: Pope Alexander VI—Line of Demarcation
West of line = Spain East of line = Port. TREATY OF TORDESILLAS
![Page 13: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
IV. Indian Ocean Trade Euro. nations competed for territory (S. & S.E.
Asia)
![Page 15: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
A. Port’s. Trading Empire Port. took control of spice trade from Muslims 1514: Port. gained control of Straits of Hormuz 1510: Port. captured Goa (India) (capital) 1511: Port. sailed to East Indies
Strait of Malacca (Spice Islands) Broke Muslim-Italian trade domination 1521: Ferdinand Magellan (Philippines)
Spanish claim = 1565
![Page 16: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
B. Others Challenge Port. 1600: English & Dutch challenged Port.
Dutch = largest fleet (20,000) Formed an East India Company (est. & directed
trade) Dutch East India Company = LARGEST/DOMINATED
1619: took Spice Islands from Port. Amsterdam
1700: Dutch controlled much of Asian trade
![Page 18: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
C. British Traders 1700: British East India Co. = India (cotton) Euro. impact did not spread beyond ports
![Page 20: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
V. China Limits Euro. Contacts
Euros. sought trade in E. Asia (China & Japan)
![Page 21: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
A. China Under Ming (1368-1644) China = dominated Asia
Vassal states = paid tribute (Euros. too!) Yonglo (1398): moved capital to Beijing
Created the Forbidden City (1406-1420) 1405: funded 7 exploratory voyages
Impress the world & gain more tribute
![Page 22: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
B. Voyages of Zheng He Led all 7 voyages EVERYTHING WAS HUGE (distances & ships) S.E. Asia to E. Af. “Floating City” sailing throughout Indian Ocean 16 countries sent tribute to Ming Too much $$$$$!!!!! 1433: Voyages ended --- ISOLATION
![Page 24: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
VI. The Qing Dynasty 1600: Ming rule declined 1644: Manchus est. Qing Dynasty
![Page 26: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
A. Manchus Cont. Isolation Had to obey Chinese rules of trade
Select ports, tribute, kowtow Dutch accepted rules
1793: letter from King George III to Qing Emp. Wanted to import Brit. goods into China Qing Emp. declared China to be self-sufficient There is nothing we lack, as your principle envoy and others
have themselves observed. We have never set much store on strange or ingenious objects, nor do we need any more of your country’s manufactures.
China remained isolated until mid-1800s
![Page 27: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
VII. Contact Betw. Euro. & Japan
16th Cent. = Euro. merchants & missionaries
![Page 28: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
A. Port. in Japan 1543: Port. sailors shipwrecked in Japan
Merchants followed—brought manufactured items (firearms)
Daimyo? In their hands they carried something two or three feet long,
straight on the outside with a passage inside, and made of a heavy substance.... This thing with one blow can smash a mountain of silver and a wall of iron. If one sought to do mischief in another man’s domain and he was touched by it, he would lose his life instantly.
Japanese produced these weapons Eliminated Samurai culture
![Page 29: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
1549: Christian missionaries arrived Were accepted…at first
By 1600: over 300,000 were converted Tokugawa Ieyasu (Shogun)– upset by missionaries
1612: Ieyasu banned Christianity 1637: 30,000 peasant Christians revolted against their
daimyo Led by Amakusa Shiro
Christians were ruthlessly persecuted Euro. missionaries = killed or deported Japanese = demonstrate faithfulness to Buddhism
![Page 30: Europeans Explore the East. I. Gold, God, & Glory Before 1400s = Euros. (little outside contact) Motivating factors of exploration?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cec5503460f949b83e9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
B. The Closed Country Policy Japanese did not like Euro. ideas but
valued their trade By 1639: “closed country policy”
Commercial contacts ended Nagasaki—only port open—Dutch & Chinese Japanese forbidden to leave Self-sufficient
1854: Matthew C. Perry & Millard Fillmore Convention of Kanagawa