European Wind Energy Conference Mailand 7-10 May 2007 “Session: Winning hearts and minds“
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Transcript of European Wind Energy Conference Mailand 7-10 May 2007 “Session: Winning hearts and minds“
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
European Wind Energy Conference
Mailand 7-10 May 2007 “Session: Winning hearts and
minds“
Public Acceptance of Wind Energy
Otto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgProf. Dr. Petra Schweizer-Ries
Juniorprofessor for Environmental Psychology
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Public acceptance of renewable energy systems and socio-scientific questions
Research project promoted by the Federal Ministry for
the Environment, Nature Conversation and Nuclear
Safety (BMU) concerning social issues of power generation by• Wind energy utilisation (On-Shore)• PV solar energy utilisation (ground-installed
systems)• Biomass utilisation
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Research aims
• Detailed understanding of actual degrees of acceptance and their determinants
• Systematisation of relevant influence factors to the formation process of public acceptance
• Regarding possible differences between different regions in perception and assessment
• Developing a standardised measurement instrument
• Outlining of recommendations of possible conflict solution strategies
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Method• Multi-methodological approach
• Quantitative polls (standardised Questionnaires)
• Qualitative interviews (expert interviews, process analysis)
• „Action research“
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
(Dethloff, 2004)Theoretical Acceptance Model
Tolerance
Indifference
Adoption
Ambivalence
RejectionReactance,Resistance
negative appraisal
positive appraisal
Degree of activity
A c c e p t a n c e
N o n - A c c e p t a n c e
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Acceptance of RES: different variables
Behaviour(conativ)
Need for Nature
Acceptance ofrenewable energies
Reliability
Economic Aspects
Risk Evaluation
Interest
Landscape Evaluation(affective)
Influence of Media
Socio-economic
data
Justice(procedural & distributive)
Visual contact
Environmental Consciousness
Landscape Evaluation(cognitive)
Perception of political measures
Location characteristics
Involvement
Energy Consciousne
ss
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Example Items
• In general, I support Wind energy plants (WEP).
• It is very important for me to be informed early when WEP are planned to be built in my community.
• I feel disturbed by the view if there is a WEP near my house.
• WEP fit in well in the characteristic landscape.
• WEP as part of the landscape do not attract my attention.
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Example Sample (latest poll)
• Date of data collection: December 06 – January 07• N = 186• 4 Villages
– MOR: n = 95 (51,1%)– WEN: n = 24 (12,9%)– HEZ: n = 26 (14,0%)– HAG: n = 33 (17,7%)– No statement: n = 8 (4,3%)
female: 79 (42,5%), male: 101 (54,3%)No statement: 6 (3,2%)
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Region in Germany
2 km
5 km
2
1
34
1 = Mor2 = Hez (direct view on wind power stations)3 = Wen (same distance like Hez but no (only one) view on wind power stations)4 = Hag (further away, strong community)
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Descriptive Statistics
Scale M SD N
Acceptance 2,27 1,26 175
Renewable Energy
1,61 ,78 170
Economy 3,22 ,94 80
Risk Evaluation 3,11 1,10 84
Reliability 2,50 1,21 160
Perceived Justice 3,24 ,79 78
Participation Interest
2,53 ,82 156
Landscape 3,59 ,90 163
Impact on Affect 3,34 1,09 1621 Completely correct........ …………5 Completely incorrect
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Scale MOR
WEN HEZ HAG ???
Acceptance 2,32 1,68 2,61 2,17 2,50
Renewable Energy
1,63 1,50 1,61 1,64 1,67
Economy 3,19 2,77 3,53 3,23 3,12
Risk Evaluation 3,15 3,93 2,69 3,00 2,37
Reliability 2,50 2,35 2,36 2,57 3,04
Perceived Justice 3,13 2,86 3,90 3,30 2,80
Particip. Interest 2,59 2,28 2,14 2,95 2,08
Landscape 3,64 3,26 3,91 3,36 3,66
Impact on Affect 3,37 3,74 2,80 3,54 2,92
Scale-Means of the villages
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Correlations
Scale Acceptance N
Renewable Energy .62** 161
Economy .82** 76
Risk Evaluation -.66** 79
Reliability .70** 153
Perceived Justice .54** 73
Participation Interest .11 151
Landscape .71** 156
Impact on Affect -.83** 154
**. Correlation is on the level of .01 (two-tailed) significant.
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Acceptance
Part. Interest
Affect
RiskEvaluation
Economy
Landscape
Renewable Energy
PerceivedJustice
Chi-Square: 12.65Df: 9P-value: 0.17RMSEA: 0.04RMR: 0.02GFI: 0.98AGFI: 0.93PGFI: 0.25 .46 -.49
.43
-.31
-.52
-.39
.25
.71
-.32
-.48
-.28
-.10
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
Conclusion
• Voluntary resident-involvement beyond legal requirements
• Benefit for the Regions in economic and cultural values + communication about it!
• Support the identification process in the “affected regions” to win hearts and minds!
OvGU: Schweizer-Ries, Zoellner & WemheuerEuropean Wind Energy Conference Mailand, 10.05.2007
contact
Prof. Dr. Petra Schweizer-RiesJuniorprofessor for Environmental PsychologyOtto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg
Email: [email protected]
http://www.uni-magdeburg.de/upsy