EU

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EUROPEAN STYLE HOTEL

EUROPEAN STYLE HOTELS

DESIGN MEDIA PUBLISHING LIMITED

Edited by Arthur GaoPhotography by Panagiotis Fotiadis

The elements in European style design have an eternal appeal over time, constantly attracting designers to explore the essence of beauty and its expressive forms.Narrowly speaking, European style refers to a visual art effect, with classical characteristics, and presented by using the techniques of the ancient Greek and Roman architecture and the Italian Renaissance architectural style and the classical order. This style of architecture was more often than not applied in palaces, memorial architectures, and public buildings, whose purpose is to strictly abide by the explicit rules and norms, and to believe that beauty results from measure and proportion.This book selects 30 typical cases of hotels representing European style, and truly represents the demonstrative forms of European style, reflecting how the classical order provides all the other elements with measurement in particular. This is so constructive in understanding and designing the interiors for hotels at present. In addition, a lot of classical style details and furniture and furnishings are also truly represented in this book, which is of great reference value for the application of symbols in design.

Preface

©2010 by Design Media Publishing Limited20/F Manulift Tower 169 Electrics Rd, North PointHong KongTel: 00852-28672587Fax: 00852-25050411www.designmediahk.com

Editor: Arthur GaoPhotographer: Panagiotis FotiadisProofreading: Maggie Wang Design/Layout: ZHAO Cong

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retrieval system, with prior permission in writing from the publisher.

ISBN

Printed in China

Hotel Imperial, Austria

Hotel Sacher Wien, Austria

Four Seasons Hotel, Czech Republic

Hotel Aria, Czech Republic

No 5 Cavendish, England

Hotel le Bristol, France

Hotel Adlon Kempinski, Germany

Melenos Lindos Hotel, Greece

Adare Manor Hotel & Golf Resort, Ireland

Ashford Castle, Cong, Ireland

Dromoland Castle, Ireland

The Kildare Hotel, Spa & Country Club, Ireland

The Merrion, Ireland

Hotel des Trois Couronnes, Switzerland

Grand Hotel National, Switzerland

Bauer Il Palazzo, Venice

Four Seasons Hotel, Milan

Hotel Danieli, Venice

Villa d’Este, Lake Como, Italy

Excelsior Palace Hotel, Rapallo

Grand Hotel des Iles Borromees, Lake Maggiore

Grand Hotel Excelsior Vittoria, Sorrento

Grand Hotel, Florence

Hotel Helvetia & Bristol, Florence

Hotel Principe di Savoia, Milan

Hotel Palazzo Sasso, Amalfi Coast

The St. Regis Grand Hotel, Rome

Grand Hotel Continental, Siena

Hotel Cipriani & Palazzo Vendramin, Venice

The Westin Excelsior, Florence

Index

6

18

30

38

46

54

64

72

84

94

106

114

126

134

144

154

164

174

184

192

202

214

220

232

240

246

254

260

268

276

286

Contents

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Hotel ImperialAustria

Built: 1863 Opening date: 28 April, 1873 Remodelled: 2000 Rooms: 103 Suites: 35 Storeys: 5 Spa Sevices: Fitness and Health Studio on the roof

accommodated many famous authors and composers who penned their masterpieces while sipping coffee in the noble ambiance. The Imperial Torte, one of the most famous desserts in a city that specialises in sweets. The legend says that a kitchen apprentice created it in honour of Emperor Franz Joseph I on the occasion of the Hotel Imperial's opening.

Hotel Imperial was built in 1863 for Royalty. It was the Vienna residence of the Prince of Württemberg until 1873. That year, the stately palace on the magnificent historic Ring Boulevard, was transformed into Hotel Imperial for the World's Fair. The march of history has left little impression on this place, as everything remains in meticulously preserved 19th-century style. Truly the palace of a prince, the grand façade is Italian Neo Renaissance with emblematic details. The two-storey wood-panelled lobby presided over by a green and cream marble balcony, is lit by magnificent giant chandeliers shining from high stucco ceilings radiating aristocratic air. A grand marble royal staircase leads up to the first floor breathtaking Royal Suites, connected to an adjoining rooms for bodyguards and assorted entourage. The greatest suites are Prince of Württemberg (Royal Suite), Imperial Suite, Maisonette Suite, and Elisabeth Suite, each one with its own distinctive character reflecting in a very special way the palace's historic ambiance. Exquisite crystal chandeliers glitter from seven-metre high stucco-decorated ceilings spreading the rooms in sparkling upper-class elegance, star-patterned parquet in the salon, and opulent crystal chandeliers over the bed. Each of the suites is imbued with imperial style and each is unique. Private balconies offer splendid views of the roofs and spires of old Vienna. It’s no surprise that the guestbook reads like a who's who of the musical arts, from Wagner in 1875 to, more recently, the likes of the Three Tenors and even the occasional pop star.The interior furnishings of Hotel Imperial artfully showcase the 19th-century romance of Vienna with pristine marble and hand-carved statues. The imperial ambiance is spiced with the sweetness of Viennese charm and aristocratic savoir faire. The rococo theme extends to the elegant wood-panelled Restaurant Imperial and the hotel's secluded Bar Maria Theresia. Restaurant Imperial is as formal as they come, serving a blend of traditional Viennese cuisine and more exotic international fare, all with an eye towards the finest local ingredients. The time-honoured Imperial Restaurant and Café Imperial have

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The furniture accessories as well as symbolic details that the interface decoration contains continue the Italian Renaissance style.

The tone and light of the space atmosphere reflect the Viennese romance.

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Hotel Sacher WienAustria

Built: 1876 Open: 1876 Remodelled: 2005 Rooms & Suites: 152 Storeys: 7 Spa Services: Sacher SPA

Established in 1876 by the son of the inventor of the famed Original Sacher-Torte, Hotel Sacher Wien is a privately owned 5-star hotel, a synonym for luxury and high class service. It is situated in the pulse cultural heart of Vienna – directly opposite the State Opera, next to the Albertina Gallery and only a stroll away from the famous Kärntner Straße and the grandeur of St. Stephen's Cathedral.It has been a celebrity hotel from the start. Anna Sacher, wife of Edward, was years ahead of her time. She knew the importance of buzz and soon the luxury hotel achieved worldwide renown as a meeting place for the nobility as well as for prominent politicians and artists. She collected portraits of her famous guests, and asked them each to autograph a silk tablecloth – the collection includes Queen Elizabeth, Princess Grace, Rudolf Nureyev and the Bee Gees. Downstairs, the walls are covered in a gallery with signed photos from the famous guests. Today Hotel Sacher Wien is a Viennese institution, comparable to St. Stephan’s Cathedral or the Vienna Boys' Choir. It demonstrates tradition and service, with ornate décor and contemporary amenities. Inside, you'll be dazzled by the hotel's old-world charm. An elaborate art collection and antiques characterise the atmosphere.The whole sense is one of privileged seclusion from the hubbub of central Vienna, but with this over-arching feeling of home. The hotel's long history can be felt in every room, where modern comfort is ideally combined with the charm of the Habsburg monarchy. In June 2004 a large-scale modernisation and extension project was started and lasted until the end of October 2005. The hotel was enlarged by two additional roof floors 6 and 7, and boasts a 300-square-metre spa centre, a business area and 42 new "Sacher light" rooms. Designed by interior designer Pierre Yves Rochon and in cooperation with Mrs. Elisabeth Guertler, these new rooms have a splendid view of the city. The 110 "old" rooms which are located on floors 1 to 4 are beautifully equipped too – elegant furniture, choice antiques and fine fabrics create a warm and luxurious atmosphere.

Moreover, beautiful paintings and other decorative pieces of art give each room its own unique character and style.Following extensive renovation work, the restaurant "Anna Sacher" is now radiant in bright green pleasantly offset by black furniture with golden highlights. The "Rote Bar" restaurant with live background piano music, winter garden and direct view to the State Opera, became the living room of the auteur of the Viennese culture scene. The luxurious Sacher SPA offers beauty treatments and products by Ligne St. Barth and La Prairie. A "Time to Chocolate" treatment is the secret recipe for the "savoir vivre" lifestyle.

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The colours of all decorative elements create harmonious contrast and unity, and the motif of the carpet activates the integral atmosphere of the space.

The symmetrical layout makes the spatial atmosphere appear more grave and elegant.

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The oil painting emphasises the significance of narrative and communication as well as perform a decorative function in the integral space.

The drapes, curtains as well as stripe texture of the wall intensify the vertical sense of the space.

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The modelling details at the top and on the metope form a strong sense of order.

The classical furniture and the sculpture become the visual focus, which reflects the classical understanding of the space decoration.

30 31

Four Seasons HotelCzech Republic

Built: 2000 Renovated: 2009 Rooms: 141 Suites: 20 Storeys: 7 Spa Services: Health Club

Overlooking the beautiful Vltava River and the famous Charles Bridge that crosses it, Four Seasons Hotel Prague encompasses three historic buildings, from the Baroque, Neo-Classicism and Neo-Renaissance periods, united by a new modern structure. The hotel is built into the Prague's Old Town, in the architectural heart of Europe. The historic centre of the city is like one huge museum, displaying treasures from the most important architectural movements of the last 500 years. The existing buildings have been preserved and incorporated into a hotel complex, an enchanting blend of architectural beauty and elegance.Interior décor is inspired by the various historical periods, infusing the hotel with genuine Czech character. The style of interior design is classic European, with a warm blend of colours and textures in rich fabrics, marble and wood panelling, adding a look of elegance. The 161 rooms and suites at the Four Seasons, Prague boast darker, toned down Biedermeier-esque furnishings compared to the cool, white marble back in reception. All of the guestrooms in this luxury hotel feature elegant marble bathrooms and chic furnishings. Details such as Bohemian crystal chandeliers provide a true sense of place. Rooms are done in one of two soothing colour schemes: light blue or celadon green. The most lavish room at this luxury hotel is Presidential Suite. Luxurious private residence with up to four bedrooms is secluded on the second level of the 18th-century Baroque Building. The suite features a Queensberry-style sofa and Hanover-style upholstered chairs, as well as antique, colour lithographs, ivory alabaster lamps and Belgian lamps in black and gold. The carefully selected furnishings include prized original artwork. It offers outstanding views of Vltava River, Charles Bridge, Malá Strana and Prague Castle. The Four Season Prague's award-winning restaurant Allegro has earned the distinction of being the only restaurant in Eastern Europe awarded with a Michelin star. The cuisine is a sophisticated Italian/Mediterranean blend. The restaurant serves a la carte breakfasts in addition to gourmet lunches and dinners. The restaurant's advantage is the beautiful outdoor terrace seating with views of Prague Castle. The adjacent Allegro Bar features an exceptional selection of cocktails, beers and spirits.

The hotel offers interesting spa services that include a sauna, body massages and foot and hand treatments. Other soothing treatments at the health club include deluxe manicures and pedicures.

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The wooden metope continues the classical decorative technique, and the fireplace becomes the symmetrical centre of the space.

The furniture layout and symmetry of the decorative pattern add grace, and the lighting setting strengthens the space depth.

34 35

The bright and vibrant motif of the armchairs makes a striking contrast with the integral spatial atmosphere.

The size of the curtain and the colour of the tables and chairs jointly enliven the spatial atmosphere with a classical decoration style.

3� 3�

The form, colour and texture of the fabric surface become an important decorative element in the space.

The wooden interface and partition establish the integral atmosphere, and the variety of tableware meets the visual richness.

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Hotel AriaCzech Republic

Architect: Rocco Magnoli First Open: 2003 Rooms: 28 Suites: 24 Storeys: 5 Spa Services: State-of-the-art Fitness Centre

Hotel Aria, Prague's first five-star luxury boutique hotel, is the new music-themed hotel recently opened in the heart of Malá Strana just around the corner from the St. Nicholas Cathedral. The town – one of the world’s leading musical destinations, with its rich cultural heritage, served as the inspiration for architecture firm Spatium, best known for their work for Gianni Versace. Architect Rocco Magnoli, along with his partner Lorenzo Carmellini, was commissioned to create a beautiful and architecturally distinctive luxury Prague hotel. The location is excellent, on a quiet side street in the picturesque Malá Strana, and the hotel itself is charming. Architect Magnoli incorporated the notes of past and present to create an exquisitely-designed five-star luxury Prague hotel. Each of the hotel's four floors is dedicated to a different style of music: Jazz, Opera, Classical, and Contemporary. And within these categories, each room is dedicated to the work of a particular composer or performer: Mozart Suite, Beethoven Suite, Billie Holiday Suite and Elvis Presley Luxury Suite. Each room has a CD library of the artist's work, along with books, prints, and a computer with a complete discography of audio files, from locals like Dvořák, Janáček, and Martinů to international and popular figures like Sinatra, Billie Holiday and Bob Marley. This central Prague hotel was transformed from a row of modest grey stone and yellow stucco buildings into a luxurious musical haven. One of the most exquisite original features is the ancient Gregorian chant represented in Italian mosaic which forms a path leading guests from the wrought iron gates at the entrance of the hotel, through reception building to a crescendo as it enters the Winter Garden. The glass-covered atrium lobby extends through most of the ground floor restaurant-café-bar, so it's very light and airy. There's a baby grand piano ready to be played and a fountain tinkling in the background.Hotel Aria delights another of the senses with the delicious cuisine created at the sumptuous CODA Restaurant by Chef David Šašek. Guests can savour innovative international flavours accompanied by a choice from the CODA Restaurant's wide

selection of wine to complement their meal in the intimate atmosphere of the dining room. For dining in more informal surroundings, the Winter Garden is the perfect setting. In the summer months guests can enjoy rooftop dining at Roof Garden Terrace restaurant which offers guests 360° panoramic views of Prague. The rooftop café is breathtaking, with its panoramic view of this architecturally rich quarter, including Prague Castle, the Charles Bridge and the Church of St. Nicholas.

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The furniture and accessories continue the classical spirit, but more exist in space in the form of symbols.

Grey-toned spatial atmosphere echoes the definition music theme provides, and the bright colours of the seats and cushions become the highlight of the space.

42 43

The glass dome structures and the decorative modellings symblising the classicism reflect people’s appreciation and respect for history.

The decorative modellings and wooden metope embody the classicism, with the colour selection reflecting the maximum freedom.

44 45

4� 4�

No 5 CavendishEngland

Built:18th century First open: 2002 Suites: 8 Storeys: 5

A exclusive boutique hotel, restaurant, bar and premier members nightclub, No 5 Cavendish caters to all desires under one roof. This beautifully converted Georgian townhouse, formerly the Spanish chamber of commerce, overlooking the quaint Cavendish Square has been transformed to make the most fabulous venue for any kind of occasion. It might not be a five-star hotel but many stars have stepped on the doorway: Charlize Theron, Samuel L. Jackson, Billy Zane, Pink, Victoria Beckham and Damon Dash… No 5 Cavendish Square is the ultimate venue for experiencing London in style. The beautiful Grade II listed building in the heart of the West End of London, designed and owned by Anglo-Italian entrepreneur Jay Maggistro, is classic and elegant with a contemporary twist, perfectly reflecting his passion for style. Exquisitely furnished, this former Georgian townhouse boasts extensive meeting and event space comprising of three bars, an acclaimed restaurant, private dining rooms, a members nightclub and roof terrace.The fabulous hotel suites are lavish in design and individually themed with elegant décor and rich colour. Each room combines unique antiques and rare fabrics from Asia and Italy with modern necessities and the opulent marble bathroom. There are eight stunning hotel suites available at No5: Grape and Yellow Room, Purple and Red Room, Maroon and Oriental Room, Blue and Egyptian Rooms (Deluxe Suites). For the decadent experience, the 100% is a bath filled to the brim with pure champagne. Included is a bottle of Louis Roederer Cristal and sumptuous aromatherapy oils.The property offers luxury and opulent surroundings which can be hired separately or as an entire venue. The sumptuous "Drawing Room Bar" with its rich mahogany tones, original panelling, Louis XIV chairs and plush velvet seating creates an amazing ambiance for any occasion. For breakfast, lunch or dinner, guests can enjoy the restaurant on the first floor. Executive Chef Claudio Barchieri has created a sumptuous European menu with Italian influences, perfectly complemented by an extensive selection of more than 150 wines from around the globe. The venue is perfect for product launches, social gatherings

and receptions. The chef has created an innovative canapé and bowl food menu in addition to the vast range of cocktails, wines and spirits.The Courtyard Garden is accessible from the drawing room and is perfect for al fresco drinking in a summer evening. It is a hidden gem, a beautiful retreat from the city. Delicate wrought iron furniture and Romanesque statues are set amongst tropical plants recalling the days of the empire, when the Georgians conducted their grand tours on Europe. London's best kept secret, the beautiful Roof Terrace offers the perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of the city, with panoramic views of the capital and beyond, you are literally "up on the roof", surrounded by the period chimney stacks of Georgian London.

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The colours in sharp contrast and the furniture from Italy and the Orient form a complex and diverse spatial atmosphere.

The unity of the space colour and complexity of decorative elements jointly enrich people's emotional experience.

54 55

Hôtel Le BristolFrance

Built: 1924 Open: April, 1925 Renovated: 2002, 2005, 2010 Rooms: 182 Suites: 87 Storeys: 7 Spa Services: Ann Semonin Spa

Hôtel le Bristol is one of the best luxury hotels in Paris, renowned for its exquisite French garden. This fabulous hotel is ideally located on the rue du Faubourg Saint Honoré, famous for its fashion district and art galleries. It's only steps away from the Champs-Elysées, Place de la Concorde, Louvre and Orsay museums. It was originally constructed in 1758 by the keeper of King Louis XV's buildings. Today, it is a superb palace with gardens, antique furniture, objects of art and old master paintings.The Bristol is creamy Art Deco on the outside and decadent 18th century inside. The hotel is filled with soft colours, refined woodwork, sumptuous fabrics and fine antique furniture. An outstanding collection of Gobelins and Lille tapestries and old master paintings, many of which were acquired from an auction of reserve works staged by the Louvre Museum before the Second World War made it a real gallery with old-school charm.The Presidential Suites consist of Louis XVI wood-panelled blue or champagne coloured living rooms and walls replicated from those of a Swedish Château. The penthouse, which has been played host to everyone from Marilyn Monroe to Prince, favorite among style leaders, is yellow with an Empire style sitting room. The spacious rooms and suites are further enhanced by 18th century furniture and original paintings, combined with ultra modern comfort. On January 2010, the 36 of them overlooking the garden of the hotel underwent a complete renovation that was personally orchestrated by the owner, Mrs Oetker. The terraces that adjoin some of the rooms and suites overlook the garden or other views of the most amazing sights of Paris. The Gastronomic Restaurant of Hôtel le Bristol was recently awarded three Michelin stars, offers to guests Eric Frechon’s exceptional and innovative food, an unforgettable dining experience in one of our two elegant surroundings: the "Winter Restaurant" features the warmth of oak woodwork, while the "Summer Restaurant" has view of the beautiful French garden, when the window boxes of geraniums are in bloom and the large garden is redolent with the smell of magnolia. The brand-new restaurant "114 Faubourg", opened in 2010, offers grilled, steamed or spit-roasted dishes of meat or fish.

Ann Semonin Spa provides a global approach of beauty through aroma-therapy and personalised treatments. The pool is one of the few in Paris and is enclosed in a teak and glass solarium. The wood decking and a seaside mural make the pool resemble the deck of a 19th-centry yacht.

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The use of the tapestries weakens the rigidness of the wall as well as enriches the space layout.

The wall and the modellings respond to the mass-volume spatial environment, embodying the classical understanding of decorative technique.

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The fabric colour and vertical stripes unify the integral style of the space. The marble column not only matches the colour of the surroundings, but also gets rid of its function as a load-bearing component, independently becoming a symbolic decorative element.

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The ceiling mural paintings and detailed carvings on the wall enhance the ascending sense of space with the lighting background.

The fabric and texture pattern as modelling details constitute an important decorative element of space.

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The line-style decorative elements in the vertical interface enhance the richness of vision.

The space composition formed by the fabric colour and decorative lighting activates the spatial atmosphere.

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Hotel Adlon KempinskiGermany

First open: 1907 – 1945 Rebuilt: 1997 New open: 23 August, 1997 Renovated: 2007 Rooms: 328 Suites: 66 Storeys: 6 Spa Services: Pool, whirlpool, saunas, steam rooms and spa treatments

Hotel Adlon Kempinski is a luxury landmark hotel adjacent to the historic Brandenburg Gate in the heart of Berlin. Its history goes back 100 years to when entrepreneur Lorenz Adlon set about building the best luxury hotel in the world for his emperor, Kaiser Wilhelm II. When it was completed in 1907, the Adlon's heating system, plumbing and air-conditioning were so state-of-the-art that the German royal family actually moved in, making the luxury hotel the very hub of German society. In the Roaring Twenties, Lorenz Adlon's son Louis courted intellectuals, heads of state and movie stars, and the luxury hotel became a magnet for the likes of Greta Garbo, Marlene Dietrich, Albert Einstein and Charlie Chaplin. Although it survived both the World Wars unscathed because it was declared neutral territory, it burnt down three days after the end of the Second World War. As it was located in East Berlin right on the edge of No Man's Land, the luxury hotel lay in ruins for over forty years. In 1997 the luxury hotel finally re-opened its doors as a Kempinski property with an extra floor, state-of-the-art facilities and some of the largest bedrooms in Berlin. Influenced by a perfect blend of the bygone era, Adlon Kempinski gives the sense of an atmosphere inspired by an illustrious past and a dynamic modernity. Hotel Adlon Kempinski Berlin exudes a kind of sophistication and elegance that's hard to ignore. The lobby is a gilded, domed space with low-slung tables around the famous elephant fountain; it is a great place for tea and champagne cocktails as a piano player tinkles the ivories from the Bel Stage above. After a recent refurbishment in 2007, the whole of this area of the luxury hotel has high-speed, wireless internet. It is the only five-star hotel that has three restaurants with Michelin awards: the gourmet restaurant "Lorenz Adlon", the restaurant "Gabrielle" and the restaurant "MA". Other tempting delights wait in the restaurant "Quarré" in the lobby lounge with bar, restaurant "uma" and bar "Shōchū". All 304 rooms and 78 suites at the luxury hotel are large by Berlin standards, and decorated in a grand, classic style which reflects the Hotel Adlon's long history. Many of the rooms look out onto three, elegant, landscaped inner courtyards, but corner rooms with views of the Brandenburg Gate

are by far the most spectacular. The suites have open fires and are furnished with more lavish antiques and Molton Brown toiletries, bath salts and bath oils in the marble bathrooms.The luxurious 800-square-metre Adlon Day Spa offers a full range of treatments as well as a swimming pool, whirlpool, sauna, solarium and gym.

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The axisymmetric layout cohere with the simple, elegant colour environment, contributing to the grave and peaceful atmosphere.

The lighting makes the light effect of the classical modelling elements more apparent, and thus the holistic space effect is strengthened.

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The complexity of ground and ceiling decoration enriches the space composition. The flexible pale blue light belt and sedate wooden metope create a contrast between lightness and heaviness, enriching the visual effect of the space.

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Melenos Lindos HotelGreece

Architect: Anastasia Papionaou Artist-designer: Donald Green First open: 1990 Renovated: 2003, 2005 Suites: 12 Storeys: 3

Nestling against the rocky flank of an ancient acropolis dating from the 10th century BC, Melenos Lindos Hotel offers spectacular views of the azure Aegean and the coastline beyond. The property is situated on the quiet, eastern edge of the village of Lindos, well-known for its spare architecture and spectacular natural setting. The village has been characterised by UNESCO as a global cultural legacy monument. In the shadow of the ancient Acropolis, an Ottoman inspired retreat takes root and Melenos Lindos Hotel captivates you. The stylish boutique hotel, creation of Michalis Melenos who dreamed of building a small luxury hotel that reflected the intricate history, sits in perfect harmony with the local village on a fortified outcrop of Rhodes. Above the hotel sits the ancient temple of Athens, enclosed in a Byzantine and Medieval fortress creating a stunning backdrop to this truly distinctive accommodation. Below is a panorama of sea and coastline. In this spectacular setting is Melenos Lindos Hotel, which offers 21st century expectations of comfort and service combined with history. Architect Anastasia Papionaou has ingeniously laid out the site so that the small group of layered buildings, containing the suites and public areas, branch from a central stairway, thus creating the appearance of a village within a village. The façade is adorned with mosaics and hand-carved motifs. Traditional raised sleeping platforms, pointed arches, rare antiquities, ceramics and Iznik-style tiles are the finishing touches. The jasmine-scented courtyards and citrus gardens, along with its magical architectural complex and striking views of the harbour are breathtaking. Colour from trailing Bougainvilleas, fragrance from Frangipani, Lavender and Jasmine complete the ambiance.The design of the luxurious rooms of Melenos-Lindos is inspired by the traditional Lindos style which evolved in the 17th century. Each room has an individual variation of the distinctive raised wooden sleeping platforms built from elaborate hand-carved cedar. Some rooms have hand-painted ceilings and Lindian-pointed arches; some have big inviting corner sofas for lounging and reading. Every room contains a unique selection of fabrics, ceramics and rare items from the collection of owner-

operator Michalis Melenos. Each of the immaculate ensuite bathrooms in the hotel has a striking, Iznik style hand-painted ceramic tile panel executed in Turkey by the artist-designer. The boutique hotel's rooftop Gourmet Restaurant serves outstanding Greek-inspired Mediterranean cuisine. You could dine under huge medieval-style tents or a vine-covered pergola threaded with tiny lanterns with outstanding views of the bay, enjoying an extremely chic dining experience.

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The setting of candlesticks make the integral space soft and quiet. The pointed-arch modelling represents the classical decoration style, becoming the decorative symbol with the most symbolic meaning in the space.

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The Isnik-style stone pavement leads the indoor environment to outdoor. The hanging dishes and antique decorations of different materials describe an age-old history.

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The drapes not only divide the function areas, but also balance the visual sense of space.

The tapestry and patterns of the accessories are decorative elements with symbolic meanings.

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The hand-carved bed of pine lightens up the atmosphere. The soft carpet and natural decorative materials as well as hand-carved modeling details provide a good interpretation of the Mediterranean style by coordination of colours.

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Adare Manor Hotel & Golf ResortIreland

Architect: James Pain and PC Hardwick Interior-designer: Carlton Varney Built: 1832 Remodelled: 2007 Rooms: 58 Suites: 5 Spa Services: Elemis Treatment Rooms

Adare Manor Hotel & Golf Resort, a modern playground in ancient surroundings, is one of the ultimate luxury five-star vacation destinations. Located in the picturesque village of Adare in County Limerick, it has earned this honour by consistently providing the highest possible standards of service and facilities in Ireland's most breathtaking setting. Set amid 840 acres of formal gardens and rolling parkland, the hotel offers world-class facilities which include a variety of accommodations to suit your needs, a magnificent golf course designed by Robert Trent Jones Jr., luxurious treatment rooms, world-class dining facilities, entertaining bars, fishing, shopping, and many more activities, sightseeing and a host of other estate activities, and provides you with an elegant yet relaxing atmosphere for a truly memorable stay.Housed in an impressive 18th-century Gothic style Manor House, created by the Second Earl of Dunraven and his wife Lady Caroline Wyndham, rich in history and beauty, the hotel is an architectural masterpiece of towers, turrets and stonework. It was built in the 1830s to the English model but with a number of eccentricities, including a turreted entrance tower at one corner of the building rather than in the centre, 52 chimneys (one to commemorate each week of the year), 75 fireplaces and 365 leaded glass windows (one for each day of the year). Perched along the River Maigue, this once private and opulent manor, surrounded by breathtaking gardens, majestic trees and fascinating ruins dating back over eight hundred years, has been lovingly transformed into one of the world's premier luxury resorts, all the while maintaining that special essence which is so uniquely Adare. The Manor House has four different categories of rooms, varying in size and price. The room types include five Dunraven Staterooms, eight Staterooms, thirty-four Deluxe Rooms and sixteen Standard Rooms.The Oakroom Fine Dining Restaurant, overlooking the French Formal Gardens with views of the River Maigue enjoys an atmosphere of graceful service under the Crystal Chandeliers, Oak panelled walls and Peter Ellenshaw Paintings.

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The colour of metope continues the dominant hue, and the fireplace gradually transforms itself from functionality to ornamentality.

The colours of the different interfaces and furnishings echo with each other, creating a complete colour space configuration.

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The ornamentality of the fireplace becomes the visual focus of the whole space. The Gothic-style lines and curves enrich the decorative effect of the interface.

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The Gothic style of building coordinates with the surface texture of stone materials, creating a unique dining environment.

The patterns of the ceiling and the carpet echo, enriching the dimensional visual experience.

The stained glass windows become an active element in the symmetric space.

The horizental and vertical linear layout of the widow and the curve form of the drapes create contrast in space.

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The use of approximate contrasting colours on the metope and the ground adds flavour to the ordinary space.

The details of the doorway enhance the sense of depth of the study in a consecutive mode.

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Ashford Castle, CongIreland

Built: 1228 First open: 1939 Rooms: 67 Suites: 16 Storeys: 3 Spa Services: Spa tub, sauna, steam room and indoor pool

Ashford Castle, dates back to the 13th century, is set on the northern shore of Lough Corrib, Ireland’s second largest lake, in the picturesque village of Cong. It is a sumptuous countryside retreat. Once owned by the Guinness family, it became a hotel in 1939 and has since hosted movers and shakers the world over. With 350 acres surrounded by water, gardens, and forests, it is a setting that hasn't changed for hundreds of years. The luxury hotel is a visual feast with the charm and dignity of its original architecture; it astonishes visitors at every turn, with Waterford chandeliers and rococo gilt mirrors around one bend, and a carved Dante looking benignly down from a side wall. It was the location for the producers and stars during the making of the epic film The Quiet Man. It has also played host to president and Mrs. Reagan and recently the Hollywood star Pierce Brosnan, alias 007, chose Ashford as the venue for his personal wedding.Time stands still; luxury beckons and a personal service will ensure a reviving stay. Ashford Castle has been around for 700 years and is still appreciated by visitors from all over the world. Ashford's richly decorated interior speaks of centuries of care and excellent craftsmanship. The great hall is lavishly decorated with wonderful oak panelling. Objects d'art, masterpiece paintings, exquisite antiquities and fine antique furnishings adorn the many nooks and crannies, and the leisurely drawing room and refined Prince of Wales Cocktail Bar. Each of Ashford Castle's 83 rooms and suites is traditional in style, with antique furniture, original oil paintings scattered throughout, marble fittings and sumptuous fabrics. All are individually decorated, but each has all mod cons, like flat screen televisions and internet connection.A seven-course meal at the elegant surroundings of the George V Restaurant is a great experience of the best in classical food, with a modern emphasis, drawing on the best produce from the local area to present a range of seasonal, tasteful and appetising dishes. The Connaught Room, built in the 17th Century, offers a gourmet experience.As befits a five-star country manor, facilities here are extensive. Falconry, fishing and clay pigeon shooting are just some of the

outdoor pursuits on offer, as well as horseback riding and an on-site (9-hole) golf course. Ashford also houses a fitness centre, spa tub, sauna, steam room and indoor pool.

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The pattern of the interface decoration and the simple texture of the materials reflect the classical interpretation of environment decoration.

The diversity of the colours of the furnishings is well confined into the overall tone, unified in the symmetrical layout.

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The straight-line technique makes a unified contrast with the curve structure modelling and the appearance of furnishings.

The application of the carpet pattern unites with the roof structure, forming a strong sense of order for the integral space.

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The mechanism and texture of the interface and furnishings trigger the experience of the sense of touch.

The lighting effect intensifies the surface of the furnishing as well as the interface, making the visual focus more concentrated.

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The wooden decoration of the wall and the ceiling make the atmosphere grave and imposing.

The crazy lighting of the metope enlivens the holistic space atmosphere.

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The colours of the carpet, wall and sofa constitute the basic tone for the space. The patterns of the interface and surface texture of the furnishings mainly adopt natural organic forms, creating a pleasant space effect.

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Dromoland CastleIreland

Built:16th century First open: 1963 Remodelled: 1986 Rooms: 75 Suites: 25 Storeys: 4 Spa Services: At Dromoland

Dromoland Castle, one of Ireland's finest castle hotels, provides luxury services in an idyllic 5th-century castle fit for the kings and queens of Ireland. The present castle is not as old as that first built in the 16th century; it was torn down and rebuilt in its present Gothic style, from dark blue limestone, in the 19th century. The castle was renovated in 1963, transformed into a hotel, and is more picturesque than ever, though perhaps less fit to withstand a Viking invasion, should another one occur.The surrounding acres of rolling Limerick countryside are as breathtaking as the castle itself, with spectacular views of lush, wooded parkland and the Shannon River.The ornamental grounds and woods extend over more than 1,500 acres of land from some of the eminences. There are views of the Shannon and Fergus, which, at this part of the country, resembles a large inland lake with island, making Dromoland one of the most beautiful and desirable residences in Ireland.The Castle's interiors are no less majestic than its surroundings. Blending old world elegance with modern comforts, Dromoland has become one of Europe's most desired destinations. Splendid woodcarvings and stone statuary, hand-carved panelling, brilliant oil paintings, romantic gardens and fine antique furnishings surround guests during their stay. Modern amenities, the highest level of service and a friendly staff complement five stars, uncommon degree of comfort. The owners managed to resist the temptation to divide the castle into smallish rooms, perhaps one for every window, slit, or arrow loop in the castle wall. Instead the rooms are vast, larger than a traditional hotel room and even many city apartments. The décor is pleasantly old-fashioned, rather than stodgy, but with modern functional necessities, such as the inevitable satellite television. The charming 28 Queen Anna guest rooms was built in 1736 by Sir Edward O'Brien and are almost a century older than the rest. The overall design concept of the Deluxe rooms is for a contemporary look with a classical feel using a combination of furniture styles ranging from the 19th Century Empire Style to Louis XV, using specially commissioned wall fabric by Canovas. The Presidential Suite has been the hotel room of Presidents Bush, Mandela, and Clinton.

All manner of rugged, outdoorsy activities are available, to take full advantage of the environment, from a walk through the gardens and a round tennis match to fishing, falconry, clay shooting, and archery are just some of the old world activities brought back to life at this ancient country estate, as well as golf, celebrated with the inclusion of a Ron Kirby-designed five-star golf course.All in all, a remarkable experience, a heavy dose of Irish history with a dash of aristocratic fantasy and just enough of the modern world to prevent total culture shock.

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The wood carving, oil painting and antique ornaments jointly create a sedate space atmosphere.

The structure of the modellings continue the magnificent metope decoration, making it a typical ternary form.

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The texture of the dark gray limestone metope enables the essence of architecte to be extended into the interior.

The gorgeous colour and highlight of the local furnishings make the space appear more noble.

The furnishings are arranged in a consecutive symmetric way, creating a coordinating sense of order for the passage.

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The classic elegance and the modern comfort jointly create the spatial atmosphere.All white hand-carved ornaments coordinate the visual effect of the space.

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The Kildare Hotel, Spa & Country ClubIreland

The K Club (more formally known as the Kildare Hotel and Country Club) is possibly Ireland's most imposing country hotel. While some of the castles and manor house hotels can be disarmingly friendly, even over-familiar, the K Club is all buttoned-up elegance, a throwback to the days when the gentleman's game had a strict dress code – no salmon-pink polos or swoosh logos here, much less jeans or trainers. One of the great joys of golfing here is that after playing you can retire to the manor to which you wish you'd been born. The K Club in County Kildare, not far from Dublin airport, is not quite a castle, but far more than a historic chateau. With the grace and charm of an Irish country house, it’s hard to imagine a setting more scenic. The origins of the building, Straffan House go back to the year 550 AD, after which its long history involved actors like King John of England (of Magna Carta fame) and various 16th and 17th-century owners who backed losing rebellions and forfeited the lands. Set amongst 700 green-on-green acres, this elegantly restored luxury hotel opened in 1991, with an adjacent US-style country club. The K Club has two championship courses, both designed by Arnold Palmer, that are recognised as among the best in Europe. The first is a scenic parkland course that hosted the US vs. Europe classic, Ryder Cup in 2006. The second, the newer Smurfit Course has a far more exposed layout. The hotel boasts unrivalled opulence; the interior is magnificent, with superb furnishings and a wonderful collection of original paintings by famous artists, including Jack B.Yeats, who has a room devoted to his work. The accommodation is exceptional. The 69 rooms and suites are classic in décor, packed with antique furnishings, and walls are lined with rich printed fabrics, each with hand-painted bathroom décor. Each one is individually appointed, and thus no two are alike. By way of contrast, the River Liffey flows through the luxury hotel's grounds like a poem, beside formal gardens and lawns, then on towards the manicured greens and pedicured fairways. K Club guests can enjoy lessons with the golf club's professional, with the front desk

Built:1831 First open: 1991 Rooms: 60 Suites: 9 Storeys: 3 Spa Services: The K Spa

handling the booking tee-times, lessons and caddies. Horseback riding, clay pigeon shooting, river fishing for salmon and trout and coarse fishing with a choice of five stocked lakes are some of the outdoor activities that the hotel offers. A luxury spa, the best of Irish cuisine and an idyllic river setting complete the picture – the perfect venue for a vacation, conference, wedding, weekend break or golfing holiday in Ireland.

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The setting of the square carpet limits the dining function area. The bright colour and flexibility of the wall pictures weaken the seriousness of the symmetrical composition of the space.

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The Ionic Order style and other hand-carved detailed components jointly become decorative symbols with symbolic meanings.

The texture effect of fabric painting participates in the overall environmental decoration.

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The colour of the curtain coordinates the colour composition of the metope and ceiling in different spaces.

The impressionist and cubism paintings coordinate the holistic space tone very well.

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The flower-and-bird design of the metope endows the space atmosphere with an Oriental aesthetic appeal.

The modelling of the beam and column effectively divides the visual and function space.

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The Collins Order breaks away from the function of load bearing, and exists in the space with pure decorativeness.

The existence of the drapes becomes the centre of the visual sense.

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The MerrionIreland

Built: 1760 Remodelled: 1997 Rooms: 123 Suites: 19 Spa Services: The Tethra Spa

The Merrion in Ireland, Dublin's most luxurious five-star hotel has established itself as the epitome of relaxed grandeur, welcoming Dubliners and visitors to the city with stunningly appointed rooms, crackling turf fires and a host of facilities. The hotel brings to mind not so much a private house as a noble estate in the centre of Dublin. Despite all appearances to the contrary, the luxury hotel is a relative newcomer. Created 23 years ago from four neglected 18th-century Georgian townhouses, the Merrion initially gives an impression of old world elegance: a neo-classical staircase sweeps into the reception area; the drawing rooms are furnished with deep button-back chairs and fine antiques; the air is fragrant with the scent of peat smoke; high Georgian windows open onto the enclosed, formal gardens. The hotel is built around two gardens set out by the Irish designer Jim Reynolds. The grounds are immaculately decorated with box hedges and lush flowerbeds.The Merrion is always careful to remember its 18th-century heritage. But there's nothing stuffy about this elegant and luxurious establishment. The public rooms are open and airy, filled with laughter and a remarkable, private contemporary art collection. None of the 123 rooms or 19 suites is exactly the same. They are light and airy, decorated with Irish fabrics and antiques to reflect the original interiors. The desire to preserve the buildings' integrity – and to conform with planning constraints – forced architect and designer alike to use their imaginations. The result is accommodation of distinct individuality. The large, open suites on the first floor of the main house – especially Suite 182 – boast breathtakingly high Rococo ceilings and views of Ireland's parliament, the Dail, across the road.The Merrion offers its guests a choice of two restaurants, the Cellar Restaurant and the renowned Restaurant Patrick Guilbaud, Dublin's only two-star Michelin restaurant: highly recommended are the lobster ravioli, Wicklow lamb and wild sea bass with asparagus salad and truffle sauce. Each of the six private dining rooms is decorated in suitable grand style, using rich 18th- century colours and fabrics. Great care has been taken to retain all the architectural features for which Georgian Dublin is

so famous such as intricate plasterwork, high ceilings and large windows. Flowers, candlelight, shining silver and the finest Irish linen complete the picture. The Merrion houses a spectacular collection of 19th-and 20th-century art which is widely considered to be one of the most important private collections in Ireland. The Merrion's grand interiors offer the perfect backdrop for these works, resulting in a dramatic and successful marriage of classical architecture and distinguished Irish and European art.A spectacular trompe l'oeil mural at the Tethra Spa creates a feeling of distance and space. The finest health club features an 18-metre infinity swimming pool, steam room, gym and luxurious private treatment rooms.

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A classical living way is created, with the fireplace as the centre. The bold and rough interface texture of the stone materials forms a sharp contrast with the leather, fabric and metal.

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The carpet, wall and seats jointly establish the basic tone of the space. The modelling of the order effectivly divides the visual space, becoming the centre of the visual sense in coordination with the lighting.

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The top modelling activates the dimensional atmosphere, and the combination of the lines and frames on the metope forms a new order.

With the metope and ground using stone materials with the same specifications, a comfortable space scale is created.

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Hotel des Trois CouronnesSwitzerland

Opening date: 3 May, 1842 Renovated: 2000 Rooms: 33 Storeys: 4 Spa Services: Puressens Health Spa

Scenically located in the heart of Vevey, between Montreux and Lausanne, the exceptional Hotel des Trois Couronnes preserves the old-world charm of an old era building. It was built in 1842 when Swiss hoteliers were moving out of city centre in search of lakeside views. The luxury hotel offers one of the most enchanting views of Lake Geneva and the Alps while sneaking in some skilful updates in service and amenities. As a jewel among the leading small Swiss hotels, this establishment has always been a welcome retreat for heads of state, royalty and other important personages. The atmosphere is imperial and intimate combining luxury, refinement and modernity while maintaining charms of the Belle Époque that correspond to today's tastes.This luxury hotel infuses modern design with authentic architecture from 1842. The mountain-swept Lake Geneva glows as the setting sun catches the water's surface around Switzerland's Vevey. Hotel des Trois Couronnes is the perfect host to this spectacular sight, offering guests unassuming service and countless amenities at the pinnacle of luxury. It has four floors with 71 large guest rooms and suites completely refurbished to today's tastes, combining luxury, refinement and modernity. They are individually designed and decorated with understated comfort, reflecting the hotel's emphasis on the substance of well-being rather than frills. Le Restaurant is situated overlooking the hotel's terrace with breathtaking views to the Lake Geneva and the French Alps, offering French and Swiss cuisine. The Veranda Bar is a good source of live music and cocktails. The Puressens Spa was originally a boathouse underneath the hotel's terrace that dates back to when there was no embankment and the waters of Lake Geneva came right to the back of the hotel. In those days deliveries were made by boat through Venetian-style arches. When the hotel was refurbished, architect Jean-Jacques Morier kept the appearance of an underground dock using its stone tunnels for the spa. The Puressens Spa offers exclusive Swiss treatments featured by Joëlle Ciocco in the Epidemiology Centre and Dr Roland Ney in the Health Academy.

Hotel des Trois Couronnes was the setting for Henry James's 1878 novella Daisy Miller. Royal guests have included the widowed Russian Tsarina, Alexandra, who booked the whole hotel out for several months in 1859; and the Aga Khan, who in 1944 celebrated his marriage to Mademoiselle Labrousse at Hotel des Trois Couronnes. Other celebrity guests over the years have included musicians Yehudi Menuhin, Arthur Rubinstein and Pablo Casals, as well as famously itinerant authors Somerset Maugham, Thomas Mann and André Maurois.

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The open atmosphere embodies the clssical understanding of space, and the decorative effect of the interface demonstrates the composition technique of the patterning.

The classical columns carry the historical context, and more importantly, they form a new space sequence, becoming an important decorative element in space.

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The public space compromises the classical warmth and the modern comfort. The arched doorways form a new spatio-temporal order.

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The details of the doorway and modellings embody the classical warmth. The modelling coordinates and confines the rich composition of the metope, creating a sense of levels.

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Grand Hotel NationalSwitzerland

Built: 1870 First open: 1871 Rooms & Suites: 41 Storeys: 4 Spa Services: Sauna, indoor swimming pool, spa, massage services, and solarium

Grand Hotel National is located on the lakeside promenade, within walking distance of the downtown area. Built by Colonel Pfyffer in 1870, it is one of the most impressive buildings in the Swiss city of Lucerne. The hotel was created in the 1870s by the world's most famous hotelier Cesar Ritz, in the style of a French Renaissance castle. Opened in 1871, it was run by him since 1882.From the hotel there are views across the lake to the Alps and one can see the famous Rigi, Stanserhorn, and Pilatus mountains. Its location is also within walking distance of the old city and the famous Chapel Bridge, the medieval wooden bridge that crosses the Rheuss, the river of Lucerne. The 41 rooms and suites, overlooking the lake or the city side, are individually designed, with great attention to details: floors of Italian marble, walls covered with luxurious silk wall paper and hand-woven carpets. They are light and elegant, with well-made retro furniture in cherry wood. Ceilings are high with grand panelled doors, which give the rooms a feeling of classic solidity within this five-star hotel. Most rooms have balconies large enough to take breakfast on with views of the lake. The walls are decorated with original and well-chosen art. The third and fourth floors have recently been renovated in French Empire style, with marble floors, chandeliers, exquisite rugs, brass bedsteads and handmade silk panelled walls. Guests have included monarchs and diplomats from all over Europe. The legendary French chef Georges Auguste Escoffier (1846-1935), considered as the creator of fine modern cuisine, once worked at the hotel. In 1903, he wrote Le guide culinaire. It was Cäsar Ritz who brought him to Lucerne where, in the summer seasons of 1875 to 1882, Ritz and Escoffier worked together in an inspiring atmosphere. "Le Trianon" restaurant offers French and Swiss flavourings with a cozy, private atmosphere and an extensive wine list. The National Bar has live music nightly and turn-of-the-century interior. Asian infused dishes are served at the "Thai Lotus" restaurant and "Il Padrino" provides Italian

cuisine with a selection of fine wines.There is a historic European glamour that comes with the five-star hotel dating back to the 1870s. There is the plush blue Cartier carpet, the original rosewood furniture, the gold-plated décor and the authentic feel of nostalgia and royal flairas you take your first step into the lobby.

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The black and white checkerboard outfit triggers a vibrant visual experience, directing the walking direction.

The lines of the display and interface present the beauty of rich form.

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The fundamental keys of the ground and the environment colours form a sharp contrast, creating a striking visual impression.

The veneer of stone and wood forms a constrasting effect between coldness and warmth.

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The wood, leather, metal and stone and the form collocation demonstrate the classical warmth.

The setting of the table lamp and curtain implies the space sequence.

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The modelling of home furnishing and materials collocations show the profoundness of classicism.

The modelling of pane becomes a main decorative element in space.

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Venice, Italy

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Built: 1880 Remodelled: 1999 Rooms: 76 Suites: 40 Storeys: 7 Spa Sevices: The Fitness & Wellness facilities of BAUER Il Palazzo located on the 7th and 8th floor of the hotel, featuring sauna, steam room and a unique outdoor Jacuzzi

The Bauer Il Palazzo is located in the heart of Venice directly on the Grand Canal. This luxurious boutique hotel is more like a sophisticated home than a hotel. It is an authentic 18th-century palazzo, which can not simply be considered another addition to the long line of opulent Venetian palazzos offering accommodation to distinguished world travellers. This hotel is the creation of interior designer Francesca Bortolotto Possati, an astute native Venetian and granddaughter of Armaldo Bennati who purchased the Bauer in the 1930s. She has been chairman and CEO of the hotel since 1997. Guests of Bauer Il Palazzo can expect a unique hotel experience, together with the ultimate in personalised service. The hotel's 36 luxurious and comfortable guest rooms and 40 suites are lavishly appointed with the finest furniture, fabrics, Murano glass chandeliers and an array of modern amenities. Each of the hotel suites is individually decorated, with many rooms featuring balconies or terraces offering spectacular views of Venice, the Grand Canal and St Mark's Basin. The elegant lobby, decorated in wood panelling and antique Venetian panels, makes a lasting impression that is reflected in the unique décor. Each room is uniquely decorated with fine antique furnishings or reproductions, Venetian silks and brocades from the famous fabric houses of Rubelli & Bevilacqua, as well as Murano glass chandeliers by Seguso & Cenedese. De Pisis, the Bauer's gourmet restaurant is augmented with the exquisite nature of terrace seating along one of the most spectacular sites in the world, Venice's Grand Canal, with a view of the famous Chiesa di Santa Maria della Salute in the distance.The Settimo Cielo (Seventh Heaven), a lounge and breakfast terrace located on the seventh floor, the highest outdoor terrace in Venice, offers magical views over Venice and the lagoon.

Bauer Il Palazzo

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The decorative pattern of different interfaces constitutes a rich space composition effect.

The selection of decorative patterns reflects a very strong narrative effect.

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The continuity of the doorways links different spaces, forming an orderly space order. The ceiling with a reflection effect makes the space appear higher and loftier, and the circular back of the dining chairs become an active decorative element in the space.

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The adoptinon of the mirror forms a sharp contrast with the traditional decorative techniques.

The bright colour of the fabric paintings becomes the most vibrant symbol of the whole environment.

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The colour and pattern of the drapes match perfectly with the metope, enriching its levels.

The reflective effect widens the narrow space.

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Four Seasons HotelMilan, Italy

Open: April, 1993 Architect: Bertani Baselli & C.S.P.A. Interior-designer: BAMO, Inc. (guest rooms, function space and public areas) Total Number of Rooms: 118 Guest Rooms: 67 Suites: 51 Storeys: 5 Spa Services: In-room massages and other spa services available

The elegant restoration of a 15th-century former monastery has transformed Four Seasons into a five-star luxury hotel in the heart of Milan's shopping haven. This precious gem on Via Gesu is just a few steps from La Scala and the couture houses of Via Montenapoleone. Amidst the famed Golden Triangle, Four Seasons Hotel is quite unusual for its atmosphere and design. The original architecture of the monastery has been retained. Many of the original Italian Renaissance details, including frescoes, columns, vaulted ceilings and an oval spiral staircase date to the past. The courtyard garden, completely hidden from the street, is lined by arcades that are now preserved in glass. The lobby with the frescoes was once the monastery's church. Muted colours and subdued, indirect lighting create a warm glow. The historic architectural details blended with contemporary Italian design and American comfort create 118 spacious guest rooms and suites. The hotel has two outstanding restaurants. "La Veranda", which has Mediterranean and local cuisine with an accent on seasonal, fresh ingredients, is a very popular venue for models during the fashion shows. It has an elegant and tranquil atmosphere and faces onto the beautiful courtyard. "Il Teatro" serves up dynamic menus, including Sunday brunch, that highlight the freshest local ingredients, as well as a gourmet menu that changes daily. The restaurant offers a sophisticated dining experience overlooking the inner Il Patio garden.

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The top surface with wooden modelling continues the spirit of classical decoration through the selection of materials.

The suspended ceiling and carpet jointly confine the public space through the modelling and form collocation.

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The setting of the furniture adapts to the modelling of the slope roof, enriching the dimensional levels.

The pointed arch of the metope forms an orderly visual space sequence besides dividing the exhibition area.

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The wooden grilles suspended ceiling make the atmosphere more composed, and the lines of the metope increase the sense of depth.

The big and heavy modelling enlivens the integral effect of the environment.

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Venice, Italy

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Hotel Danieli

Built: 14th century Open: 1822 Last renovation: 2008, the redesign of its interiors and guestrooms entrusted to renowned design architect Jacques Garcia Total Number of Rooms: 225 Spa Services: In-room massages and spa treatments

The coral pink façade of this Venetian Gothic palace, a few short steps away from the Piazza San Marco and the Basilica di San Marco, hides a masterfully restored residence that retains its former glory. Hotel Danieli in Venice is a legend in itself. The stunning combination of stylish décor that embellishes each of its three unique palaces continues over the years to amaze visitors of all generations.The oldest palace, Palazzo Dandolo, features traditional Murano glass chandeliers, ornately decorated pink marble columns, precious antique carpets, and elegantly decorated gilted ceilings. This incredible palace dates back to the 14th century and once belonged to the noble Venetian Dandolo family. The palace's intricately carved main wooden doors lead out onto the characteristic stone-slabbed streets of Venice.Of all the hotel lobbies around the world, the Danieli’s must be the most extraordinary. It is decorated with medieval frescoes, marble, gold and works of art brought from Constantinople by Doge Dandolo after the fourth Crusade. A sweeping marble staircase with Gothic arches climbs up a magnificent towering atrium, leading guests to their rooms and to a state of ecstasy. The adjacent "Casa Nuova" building is a 19th-century palace whose décor reflects a rich, Venetian Baroque style. The impressive building to the right of the central Dandolo Palace is the "Danielino". Dating back to 1948 the Danielino's décor conveys an aura of old world charme; pastel shades of pale pink, soft blue and yellow, Empire style furnishings, and framed stuccoes embrace guests during their Venetian sojourn. The newly restyled “Restaurant Terrazza Danieli”, serves a masterful menu inspired by Marco Polo’s voyages to the Orient. The result is a fascinating journey marrying the exotic and the local, the eastern influences perfectly balanced with Mediterranean flavours. The magnificent views of the Grand Canal and the Venice lagoon are captivating. One can see the Lido and the Adriatic on the horizon, and far beyond one can imagine the Aegean and Byzantium.

Famous guests who stayed here:King William of Prussia, Dickens, Wagner, Balzac, Proust, Greta Garbo, Charlie Chaplin, George Sand together with Alfred de Musset, Elizabeth Taylor

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The interfaces formed by different decorative symbols constitute a rich space composition.

The top line arrangment as well as the explicit orientation formed by the ground intensify the sense of space depth.

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The patterns of the ground and metope constitute the richness of the visual sense in a continuous order of squares.

The texture of the floor causes the visual illusion, enriching the dimensional visual effect.

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Villa d’Este, Lake Como Italy

Built: 1568 Open: 1873 Total Number of Rooms: 152 Spa Services: Beauty Centre on the first floor of the Cardinal building, connected to the Sporting Club by an underground passage and Sauna and Turkish Bath, located in the Sporting Club building

The most palatial hotel in the world is set in the middle of 25 hectares of heaven, overlooking the blue-green waters of the most romantic lake in the world. The main house, an authentic neo-Classical villa, was originally built in 1568 as a summer residence for Cardinal Tolomeo Gallio, counting 125 rooms, while the trompe l’oeil masterpiece known as the Queen’s Pavilion was inaugurated in 1860 and has 27 rooms. In 1873 these two villas were combined to become Villa d’Este with the luxury and magnificence of a bygone era maintained even today. Continuously renovated and updated, without sacrificing any of its old-world charm, Villa d'Este today offers 152 rooms, all different in décor but linked by the superior standards of hospitality that you expect from one of Europe's truly legendary resorts. Period furniture. Oil paintings. Como silk covers sofas and chairs. Drapes are silk brocade. Linen sheets. The design of the lower part of the gardens is from the Renaissance period. The two most outstanding landmarks are the 500- year old plane tree and the 16th-century Mosaic with its Nympheum. Apart from the topiary hedges and the bushes of bamboo, azaleas, camellias, oleanders, rhododendrons, hydrangeas, there are roses and jasmine bushes. The trees range from chestnut, magnolia, oleafragrans, wisteria, palm, cypress, pine, ilex, privet and mediar to many others.Featuring grand staircases, marble columns and silk-covered period furniture, this former residence of European aristocrats has hosted some of the world’s most famous poets, painters, musicians, actors and royalty. It is the only place where even the stones flower.

People who stayed here:Byron, Rossini, Verdi, Puccini, Mark Twain, Douglas Fairbanks, Elizabeth Taylor, Mel Gibson, Sharon Stone

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The setting of the carpet shows the direction of walking, and adds the richness of visual sense at the same time.

The light of the chandelier is also an modelling element, and gets involved in the creation of the atmosphere together with other elements.

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The irregular paving of the ground forms a sharp contrast with the rigorous space composition, and also activates the space atmosphere.

The detailed carvings of the stigma and the setting of the sculptures and exhibits reflect the classical understanding and pursuit of the modelling art.

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Excelsior Palace HotelRapallo, Italy

Built: 1901, designed by the Swiss architect Verrey Open: 1901 as Kursaal Rapallo Total Number of Rooms: 140 Spa Services: Beauty Spa Health & Fitness Club

Uniquely located on the Ciappadea Cliff, Excelsior Palace Hotel enjoys a breathtaking panorama of the Rapallo Bay’s blue sea to the east and the headland of Portofino to the west. The historic hotel was the site of the first Italian casino. The Kursaal Rapallo opened its doors for the first time on 1st Jenuary 1901. Built next to the Villa Elisabetta of 1865, it quickly became a favoured destination for the beau monde, who flocked to the Riviera from all over Europe, drawn by the legendary climate and the attractions of the casino tables. The casino was transferred to San Remo in 1928.Immersed in a colourful garden and already providing 140 rooms and suites, the hotel renamed Excelsior Palace Hotel and immediately became one of the best-loved on the coast, a luxurious complex with a bathing establishment overlooking the sea.The Excelsior remained the ultimate aristocratic bathing destination. The Duke of Windsor with Mrs Wallace Simpson, King Farouk, King Hussein of Jordan, Rita Hayworth, Ernest Hemingway, D’Annunzio and Eleonora Duse, Guy de Maupassant, George Byron and Alphonse de LaMartine have been among the summer guests that frequent the hotel. The Excelsior has recently been restored to its former early-1900’s beauty and elegance. Warm sun and sea colours tinge the furnishings of the comfortable, spacious rooms, creating a place of quiet, pleasant relaxation. A blend of tradition and refinement, together with spectacular views from every window and terrace onto picturesque landscapes, offers quite a memorable experience. The Lord Byron restaurant, open year round, is a blend of refinement, tradition and creative culinary skill. The Eden Roc is the hotel’s summer restaurant and offers light, refined dishes.

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The massive modelling of the doorway strengthens the emotional experience of the space variation.

The wall wrapped by the wooden carving fully embodies the characteristics of classical decoration.

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The material selection of the interface and modelling make the holistic spatial atmosphere calm and peaceful.

The colour and pattern of the wall paintings coordinate the theme and sense of form of the overall environment.

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The wavy edge of the curtain weakens the outline of the sharp mountain in the distance, making the visual effect more comfortable.

The complex and diverse pattern texture of the metope enriches the visual effect of the whole environment.

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The cold-tone sleeping environment that the interface and the furnishings constitute also appears sweet and comfortable.

The material texture of the wallpaper and fabric jointly create a comfortable spatial atmosphere.

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Grand Hotel des Iles Borromees Lake Maggiore, Italy

Built: 1861 Architect: Antonio Polli Open: 1861 Restored/Remodelled: 1991 Total Number of Rooms: 172 Suites: 36 Rooms: 136 Spa Services: Centro Benessere Stresa

Set in an idyllic landscape, alongside the peaceful Lake Maggiore and surrounded by the Alps, this grand 1861 palazzo hotel retains the atmosphere of the Belle Epoque. Upon entering Grand Hotel des Iles Borromees, guests are greeted by its sophistication and class. The elegance, style and spirit of its era have been preserved in the refurbishment of the building and its lounges, while the ultimacy in modern luxury and comfort has been ensured for the contemporary guests. Surrounded by lush gardens, ponds and fountains, the Liberty-style façade with its grand marble entrance overlooks the Borromeo Islands. The park was established at the same time as the Grand Hotel, in 1863. From contemporary illustrations and lithographs, one immediately realises what the clients (the Omarini brothers) and the designer (the architect Antonio Polli) had in mind: in front of the incomparable sight of the Borromean Islands, they wanted to create a parterre of flowerbeds set in the Italian style. These flowerbeds had to be laid out beyond the street of Sempione as well, in the garden of the landing stage constructed on an embankment by the lake.The Grand Hotel is constantly being renewed. It has repeatedly been enlarged and since the early 20th century has its present appearance. At the same time the park has adapted to frequent adjustments, although certain peculiarities remain. Among those worth mentioning are the fashionable quarters to the east, the greenhouses and storage rooms to the west (an area currently used as the Residenza del Parco and Sporting), an area to the south set in the English manner with small detached houses and outbuildings and, as a poster of the time read, "a huge park and garden with tennis and croquet courts". The development of the park were certainly influenced by the magnificent Baroque gardens and those laid out in the English manner to be found on the islands.Guests dine under glittering chandeliers in the elegant Il Borromeo, which serves fine Italian cuisine. The lobby bar offers

drinks accompanied by piano music. The hotel has hosted many famous guests including artists, actors, politicians, bankers, maharajas, princes and kings. It was a favourite of Ernest Hemingway, who set part of A Farewell to Arms here.

People who stayed here:Leopold II, King of Belgium, King Charles of Luxemburg, the King of Sweden Oscar II, the Maharajia of Burdwan in Bengal, the American bankers Carnegie, Rockefeler and Morgan, John Steinbeck, Clark Gable

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The repetition of the decorative details of the interface reflects the simplicity of the application of the classical decorative materials.

The interface within the space is made up of the geometric structure filled with decorative pattern with unity in form and colour, thus forming the logical visual effect.

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The arrangement of the square carpet and the doorway implies the existence of space sequence, increasing the depth of the space.

The symbolic Baroque decoration endows the space with great metaphor.

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The canopy and French windows break the traditional confinement in material and structure; however, they continue the tradition in style, representing the excitement and confusion of designers of that era.

The indoor plants respond to the outdoor landscape environment, blurring the boundary between the two.

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The windowing and the glass on the surface of the column break the solitariness and tediousness of the space.

The volume of the classical order is fully compressed into a decorative symbol of the interface, the visual effect of which is reflected merely through the scale and material texture.

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The primary and secondary relationship of the decorative elements on the interface surface are distinguished by the colour and modelling size between layers.

The soft texture of the furniture and fabric surface delivers the functional comfort of the space.

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Grand Hotel Excelsior VittoriaSorrento, Italy

Steeped in history, with a cliff-top balcony overlooking Mount Vesuvius and the Gulf of Sorrento, the Excelsior Vittoria is truly a grand hotel in the old style, located where the marvellous vacation residence of the roman emperor Caesar Augustus once stood. Few accommodations can match the old-world charm and sophistication of Grand Hotel Excelsior Vittoria, a breathtaking pre-unification lodging that gestures operatically towards the Bay of Naples from atop its Sorrento cliff-top perch. Roman columns, unearthed during the site's excavation circa 1830, stand proudly within the private citrus groves that ring the hotel.The long history of the hotel is reflected in the unique fin-de-siècle style of the building, which still retains splendour of its period. A sense of old-world romance pervades the atmosphere: from the Vittoria Dining Room, with its original fin-de-Siècle decorated ceilings and the Art Nouveau-style Winter Garden, to the Reading Room, with the frescoed ceiling and the Belle-Epoque Music Room. Grand Hotel Excelsior Vittoria, owned by the Fiorentino family since 1834 and still operated by its descendents, is located in one corner of Sorrento, lost in time. The interiors are tastefully decorated and contain original antique furniture including beautiful pieces, crafted locally, with elaborate frescoes decorating the ceilings of many suites. The new Designer Suite is conceived according to contemporary minimal art style. Surrounded by two hectares of semitropical gardens, the hotel combines charming, old-world glamour with a modern flair after a recent restoration. The terraces, famous for their breathtaking views over the Bay of Naples, have played host to many celebrities and discerning travellers including kings and queens, artists (Richard Wagner, Enrico Caruso, Jack Lemmon, Marilyn Monroe and Sophia Loren) and other notable personalities attracted to Sorrento and the surrounding area. Five acres of private garden with citrus and olive trees also contribute to make the Excelsior Vittoria a unique hotel.

Built: 1834 Open: 1834 Restored /Remodeled: 2008 Total Number of Rooms: 120 Suites: 22 Rooms: 98

The Ristorante Vittoria with the exquisitely frescoed ceilings and deco furnishings creates a sophisticated ambiance that glows with history and the unparallelled flavour of Mediterranean nature, combined with the magical surroundings of the Sorrento coast, makes it unique.

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The natural curly wrought iron modelling reflects the modelling characteristics and aesthetic orientation of the new art movement era.

The narrative ceiling paintings enrich the art atmosphere. The fine furniture modelling and warm colour collocation create an elegant atmosphere.

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Grand Hotel, Florence Florence, Italy

Built: 1700 Architect: Filippo Brunelleschi Open: 1866 as "Grand Hotel Royal De La Paix" Restored: 1974-1986, 2001 Total Number of Rooms: 107 Rooms:94 Suites: 13 Spa Services: Fitness Centre

Since becoming a hotel in 1866, Grand Hotel, a splendid 18th-century former palace, has welcomed innumerable celebrities and Florentine aristocracy. Situated on the bank of the river Arno, this magnificent historic landmark bridges the centuries, and offers spectacular views of the river, picturesque churches and palaces dating from the 15th century. Located just steps away from iconic landmarks like the Uffizi Gallery and Academia, the Grand Hotel is emblematic of the city's rich history reflecting the crucial stages of social and architectural development in the Tuscan capital.The hotel's design expresses the typical elements of the Renaissance Florentine architecture. The fine décor, the precious marble and the stain glass give Grand Hotel an imprint of fine and unique elegance. Lavishly restored guest rooms with modern amenities are bejewelled with fresco scenes of Renaissance life, coffered ceilings and crystal chandeliers. Rich fabrics recall the glory of a bygone era. Enjoy a refreshing drink under the sumptuously frescoed ceiling of the Art Deco-style Winter Garden that was realised around 1922 in accordance with the designs of Enzio Giovannozzi. Have a coffee on the hotel terrace and watch the world go up and down the Lung’Arno. The Restaurant InCanto, located on the ground floor, opens out onto the Piazza Ognissanti, one of Florence’s most beautiful squares, and represents an elegant but contemporary style in contrast to the restored Grand Hotel. InCantinetta wine cellar is the perfect place to round off the evening in the company of 300 varieties of fine wine.

People who stayed here:Queen Victoria of Brandenburg, Maharajah Raiaram Cuttraputti, Princess Frederick of Prussia, Prince Czartoryski, Baron and Baroness Oppenheim, Duchess of Windsor, Kaiser William II of Prussia, Winston Churchill, Johann Strauss, Maria Callas, Luciano Pavarotti, Elizabeth Taylor

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The continuous round arch modelling weakens the heaviness and solitariness of the space.

The arrangement of the classical order forms a virtual interface.

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The detailed division of the mirror and the checkerboard pattern of the tablecloth reflect the application effect of lines and dots in enviornmental decoration.

The curve pattern of the bar counter constitutes a rich visual order.

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The indirect lighting effect makes the atmosphere composed and quiet. The round arches and repeated linear arrangement enrich the effect of space composition.

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Hotel Helvetia & BristolFlorence, Italy

Built:1894 Restored /Remodelled: 2001 Total Number of Rooms: 67 Rooms: 37 Suites: 30

The passage of time has halted behind the crystal doors of this 116-year-old hotel. Despite its age the building blends in comfortably with the surrounding architecture, with its white walls, gray stone arches reminiscent of Brunelleschi’s churches. While the exterior is reminiscent of the Florentine Renaissance and although Hotel Helvetia & Bristol has recently been elegantly and stylishly modernised, this belle-epoque hotel has not lost any of its grace. Like all of hotel's 67 rooms and suites, it's replete with inlaid armoires, Chinese porcelain and bronze lamps, and luxuriant silk and brocade. What sets this lovingly restored private residence apart is its delicious wide-angle view of Florence – the Duomo, Palazzo Strozzi and the Tuscan hills. Most rooms have at least one historic work of art on the fabric-covered walls representing the noblest of Florentine tradition. The public areas are warm with period furniture, 15th-century Italian oil paintings, long curtains and plush velvet sofas. Downstairs, gray stone and cream walls mix with wood panelling, parquet flooring and oil paintings in classic Florentine style. There is an emphasis on top quality service, a rarity in Florence, so for many this is the only place to stay. The majestic light of the Winter Garden bar illuminates the history of a unique intellectual club of the 1920s that was frequented by Pirandello, Stravinsky, De Chirico, Montale, Russell and D’Annunzio and his mistress Eleonora Duse. Helvetia & Bristol's Hostaria Bibendum bar and restaurant offers a delicious Mediterranean menu. The restaurant aims to match the contemporary with the traditional by transforming old Tuscan recipes into creative haute-cuisine dishes. Its décor is similarly cosmopolitan, with warm colours inspired by the souks of North Africa and Art Nouveau design touches.

People who stayed here:Gabriele D’Annunzio, Eleonora Duse, Igor Stravinsky and Giorgio De Chirico, the writers Pirandello and Montale, the physicist Enrico Fermi and the philosopher Bertrand Russell

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The natural, curly texture pattern becomes the main decorative element in space.

The rich effect of the decorative patterns and the integral layout of centrosymmetry jointly create a pleasant atmosphere.

The style of the bar counter matches with the whole environment, becoming the visual focus.

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The repeated flowery arrangement on the floor directs people’s vision. The random colour collocation of the ground-paving materials and colour glass on the top jointly enrich the visual effect of the whole space.

The colours of the table, chairs and crystal chandelier form a harmonious space composition.

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The colours of the interface and furnishings determine the warm tone of the integral space.

The reflection of lighting well foil the level changes of the decoration details.

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Hotel Principe di SavoiaMilan, Italy

Dominating the Piazza della Repubblica, Hotel Principe di Savoia, one of Europe’s most highly regarded hotels, calls itself the "Prince of Milan’s hotels". The impressive 1927 neo-classic landmark near La Scala Opera House, has been home to international travellers and cosmopolitan society since its opening, yet appears to have remained untouched for the last century. The hotel's grand main entrance is a welcoming gateway to charm and luxury. Marbles in many colours and artistic designs decorate the floors and walls. Crystal chandeliers, statues and the incredible coloured glass domed ceiling of the convivial Giardino d’Inverno Bar, create elegant surroundings. Carefully restored to the highest standards, each of the guest rooms and suites combines the latest innovations in technology and amenities with the elegant 19th-century Lombard style yet offers the relaxed atmosphere of a private home. Each of the 401 spacious guest rooms and suites at the Hotel Principe di Savoia is decorated and furnished to reflect the warm and elegant atmosphere of 19th-century Lombard interior design, combined with the unobtrusive integration of modern technology. Wainscote wood panelling frames wall-coverings of precious damask and the furniture is inspired by the creations of the celebrated Maggiolini, so each room conveys a note of elegance and refinement. The bathrooms are spacious with marble tiling in soft colours and provide soft bathrobes and a telephone outlet. The Presidential Suite, located on the top floor of the building, reachable with its private elevator, is the largest and most exclusive suite in Europe measuring 500 square metres. It features the Empire style, original antique furniture and an elegant working fireplace in the living room. The elegant dining room is furnished with French crystal, Limoges porcelain and silverware. Authentic Venetian 19 century mirrors, Murano glass lamp and chandeliers, marble and bronze wall lamps, original late 19th century prints and fine objects in marble and granite complete the luxurious location. The hotel has private Pompeian-styled spa with swimming pool, bath whirlpool, jacuzzi, sauna and Turkish bath.

Built: 1927 Opening date: 6th April 1927 Restored /Remodelled: 2009 Total Number of Rooms: 401 Suites: 132 Rooms: 269 Storeys: 10 Spa Services: Club 10 Fitness and Beauty Centre on the roof top

People who stayed here:The Duke of Windsor and Erich Maria Remarque, Charlie Chaplin and Josephine Baker, Evita Peron and Maria Callas, the Aga Khan and Aristotle Onassis Henry Ford and David Rockefeller, Elizabeth Taylor, Rudolf Nureyev, the Prince of Monaco

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The setting wall demonstrates the classic column, whose spirit continues into the whole interior space.

The centrosymmetric layout makes the indoor space dignified and generous.

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The pattern configuration of each interface forms a visual effect of the symmetric unity.

The techniques of repetition and juxtaposition contribute to the harmonious sense of order of the rich colours.

The existence of the drapes enrichs the texture and level of the metope.

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Hotel Palazzo SassoAmalfi Coast, Italy

Built: 12th century Open: 1850 Restored: 1997 Total Number of Rooms: 43 Rooms: 32 Suites: 11 Spa Services: Hydro pool, Turkish steam bath, Beauty treatments, Solarium with Jacuzzi Pools

While it can’t be touched nor can the swashing of the waves be heard, one falls in love with the vastness of the sea below the terrace of Hotel Palazzo Sasso, which is more than 400 metres away. High above the Amalfi Coast in the medieval mountain top village of Ravello, one feels closer to the sky than to the earth. On the same sun-kissed terrace 120 years ago, Richard Wagner completed his last opera Parsifal and likened the place to the fabled magic garden of Klingsor. Half a century later, it was here that D.H. Lawrence worked on Lady Chatterley’s Lover. In the 1950s many celebrities found their earthly paradise in this place. This 12th-century palazzo has been one of Europe’s best hotels since the 1880s. Nearly 1,000 years old, Palazzo Sasso has been restored time and again by architects and developers who couldn't help but be touched by its spectacular location, and driven to revive its crumbling walls. Closed during the 1980s, Hotel Palazzo Sasso was fully restored by the Virgin group, and re-opened in July 1997 to continue its historic adventure. The lobby of the hotel is a chapel, dedicated to Maria Maddalena Penitente, built in 1756. The gleaming interior mirrors Palazzo Sasso's polished staff and glitzy clientele. Shining marble floors dazzle with intricate patterns. White marble steps flanked by matching marble lions lead from the high ceiling lobby to the lounge and piano bar, where sofas are plentiful, tucked into the vaulted sections, and walls are hung with colourful modern art. Some original rooms remain, such as the entrance hall and a small bathroom used as a cellar in the Restaurant. All rooms and suites are decorated with hand-made Vietri tiles, antique carpets and furniture from the 18th and 19th centuries. Brass accessories and appliqués. Frette linen and Bulgari amenities, satellite TV, safe, minibar, internet access and I-Pod docking stations. They have a large window overlooking the Mediterranean Sea; all bathrooms have either Jacuzzi bath or Jacuzzi shower.Outside, on the first of the cascading terraces is where you'll find Palazzo Sasso's luxury, Michelin starred Rosselinis restaurant. Waterfalls tumble down to suggestive statues. Teak furniture and white canvas parasols on the terraced gardens enjoy the

magnificent views down to the turquoise heated pool and on to the coast at the bottom of the mountains.

People who stayed here: Francis Nevil Reid, Richard Wagner, Virginia Woolf, E.M. Forster, Maynard Keynes, D.H. Lawrence, Andre Gide, Sean Penn, Val Kilmer and John

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Different spaces are united into an arc modeling, from the armrest of the balcony to the wall of the interior space, creating a very unique visual impression.

The setting of the green fabric links up different functional partitions.

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The St. Regis Grand HotelRome, Italy

Built: 1894 Open: 1894 Restored /Remodelled: 2005 Total Number of Rooms: 161 Suites: 23 Rooms: 138 Storeys: 6 Spa Services: KamiSpa & Fitness

When Ceasar Ritz established Le Grand Hotel in 1894, he created the first technological hotel of its time. Electric lights were installed everywhere, instead of gas lamps, and all rooms were equipped with a private bathroom and heating. Mario Spinetti decorated the ballroom on the ground floor, the first ever opened in Rome. At that time the city’s population was less than half a million people and the hotel became a temple of luxury for Rome’s high society. After a year of restoration works was born the St. Regis Grand of Rome in 2000, but its charm remains intact. The seductive atmosphere combines Italian- and French-style decoration: lavish interiors with Murano chandeliers, marble busts, hand-painted frescoes, lavish curtains and furniture in Empire, Regency and Louis XV styles. In every guest room, from the superior to the rich glory of the Royal Suite, the accommodations here are filled to the brim with antiques from Empire, Regency, and Louise XV periods. Every room has its own unique identity by the hand-painted fresco which is installed above the headboard. The Royal Suite has always been the choice of royalties and diplomats who come to call the St. Regis Grand Hotel their home away from home. Encompassing over 300 square metres of space the suite is a destination in itself. The suite offers a combination of Piedmontesse, Louis XVI and Roman furnishings. The colour scheme is rich with wine red, gold, green and beige colour scheme and a genuine Aubusson carpet is underfoot. The private dining room is furnished with a marble table that seats 12 and is served by a private kitchen and wine cellar. The restaurant Vivendo provides a sophisticated environment with a contemporary atmosphere. The furniture recalls the 30's and 40's style, offering an informal but refined environment, well balanced with the St. Regis Grand Hotel.

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The large scale and distinct structure details, together with the ceiling murals, create a narrative atmosphere.

The centrosymmetric layout matches with the decorative structure, strengthening the visual appeal of the space dimension.

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Grand Hotel ContinentalSiena, Italy

Built: 1894 Architect: Carlo Fontana Restored /Remodelled: 2002 Total Number of Rooms: 63 Suites: 12 Rooms: 51

In the heart of the ancient medieval city, just steps away from Piazza del Campo and the pedestrian shopping area, the Palazzo Gori Pannilini, a splendid aristocratic mansion, houses the Grand Hotel Continental, Siena's top luxury hotel, and the only hotel of its kind in the heart of the city. Built by the famous Baroque architect Carlo Fontana, this 17th-century palazzo features many glorious frescoes in public areas as well as in several rooms. Arched ceiling frescoes, terracotta floors, prestigious paintings and great period furniture abound. The miraculous grand ballroom on the first floor, decorated with floor-to-ceiling monochrome frescoes, is still as luxurious as it must have been three hundred years ago. Each of Grand Hotel Continental's bedrooms and suites is traditional and comfortable in style, in keeping with the grandiose surroundings of the hotel. The rooms are every bit as opulent as the public spaces, each one individually designed, with frescoed or beamed ceilings, terracotta floors, Chinese porcelain lamps and Carrara marble bathrooms and period artworks and furnishings, though modern touches like internet access and satellite TV make this a modern hotel.Entering the magnificent San Cristoforo Suite, one is struck by the authentic 15th-century fresco and the rooms with the 17th-century walls and frescoed vaulted ceilings. The Lover's Suite is so called because of the marvelous ceiling fresco which represents two lovers. The room is 50 square metres and has a bed of white and gold damask, blue armchairs, marble travertino bathroom, luxurious fabrics, antiques, writing desk, and large mirrors.The restaurant, Sapordovino, is splendidly set beneath the palazzo's glass-domed courtyard, and the wine bar is a surprisingly stylish option.

People who stayed here:Queen Margaret of Savoy, Horst Koehler, Didi Bridgewater, Dario Fo, Mario Botta, Yurd Temirkanov, Andrea Bocelli, Daniel Craig

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The focus-perspective imaging theory of the mural paintings and the tone light modelling technique produce a virtual-and-real visual experience.

The space dimension beyond the human basic proportion creates a very intense mental allusive effect.

The large-scale pendant lamps and the plants balance the towering space.

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The plant configuration forms the vertical division element, dividing different function areas visually.

The herringbone stone pavement on the floor makes the interior space composed and relaxed.

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The silver mirror changes the pattern composition, creating the consecutive visual illusions of the interior space.

The colour collocation of the furniture and furnishings harmonises with the fundamental colour of the overall environment.

The thick beam structure makes the spatial atmosphere composed and quiet.

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Hotel Cipriani & Palazzo VendraminVenice, Italy

Built: 1958 / 20th century Open: 1958 Total Number of Rooms: 95 Spa Services: Casanova Wellness Centre, named after the legendary lover who once held clandestine trysts in the fragrant and colourful gardens of the Hotel Cipriani

Venice has many eponymous luxury hotels but the legendary Hotel Cipriani is the only one that has a swimming pool, a tennis court and a garden setting. The hotel was built in 1958 by Giuseppe Cipriani, who founded Harry’s Bar and decided to create a brand new hotel on the island of Giudecca. While not an ancient palazzo, it has 79 superbly appointed suites and rooms, exquisitely decorated with magnificent views over the open lagoon and the gardens luxurious atmosphere of calm and seclusion, and is only a three-minute trip across the water from the hustle and bustle of the Piazza San Marco. The restored, modern Palazzetto Nani Barbaro that faces the Canale della Giudecca, and the 15th-century Palazzo Vendramin which linked to the Hotel Cipriani through an ancient courtyard and the Casanova Gardens, with 16 suites and rooms having spectacular views over to the Doge’s Palace, Piazza San Marco, the Palladian church of San Giorgio and distant islands of the lagoon. The Fortuny Restaurant has two terraces by the lagoon (the Fortuny Terrace and the Antique Terrace). Delicately blown glass, precious fabrics and amber-coloured mirrors, magnificent views of the lagoon and architectural details reminiscent of St. Mark's dome come together to create the perfect setting for a relaxed candlelit-dinner. Its terrace is set in a lush flowered garden with a beautiful antique water fountain bordering the lagoon. Cipriani-style food is simple, fresh and perfectly prepared: pasta and pastries are made in the hotel daily, so are the breakfast croissants. The Cip's Club is located on the Fondamenta delle Zitelle with the most beautiful views across the lagoon to St Mark's Square. This elegant but informal restaurant was originally created for the two Palazzi of the Cipriani, the Vendramin and Palazzetto, and since its opening has acquired a great success both with clients of the hotel and with Venetians.

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The dark light harmonises with the chromaticity and brightness of the indoor furnishings, jointly creating a quiet and gentle atmosphere.

The mirror reflection of the setting wall makes the space more thorough, and the variety of crafts from different countries reflect the cultural diversity.

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The structure of the top plays the role of decoration and space division simultaneously, defining the function area of dining.

The broad waterscape and orderly table layout form a visual experience of the thin and the dense.

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The Renaissance paintings respond well to the spirit of the interior space. The quality marble stone creates a noble atmosphere.

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The Westin ExcelsiorFlorence, Italy

Built: 1863 Restored /Remodelled: 1997 Total Number of Rooms: 171 Storeys: 5

Coloured marble and antique timber, lively frescoes and beautiful terracotta evoke the spirit of Tuscany and the culture of Florence. The magnificent landscapes of the surrounding hills, the river Arno, Ponte Vecchio, Uffizi Gallery and Pitti Palace are reflected in the luxurious old-world interiors. The Westin Excelsior, Florence, combines contemporary accommodations with seven centuries of Florentine history. Located on Piazza Ognissanti, it offers a professional staff dedicated to impeccable service and state-of-the-art business facilities. Napoleon’s sister Caroline Bonaparte, who was queen of Naples, purchased one of the two palaces that comprise the hotel in 1833. She renovated it with the help of Giuseppe Martelli, a professor at the Accademia di Belle Arti of Florence. The interiors are strictly period, in a variety of local styles spanning the 17th and 18th centuries. There’s no shortage of ornament, nor of opulent comfort rooms stuffed with sumptuous fabrics. All 171 guest rooms at The Westin Excelsior are warmly decorated, inspired by 700 years of Florentine history.The classical and sophisticated character of the hotel is balanced by a modern and elegant art deco-style bar and restaurant. Providing an intimate and elegant ambiance, ORVM bar is located on the hotel's lobby floor and features black-and-white marble floors, wooden tables and leather-covered walls and chairs. Creating light and balanced dishes using aromas and delicious seasonal ingredients, ORVM restaurant offers Mediterranean dishes in a 1920’s art deco ambiance.

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The oil painting and mirror form a visual contrast between the closed and the open. The surface texture of the furniture and furnishings triggers an experience of sense of touch.

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The coloured stained windows make the light transmission a kind of decorative means in the indoor environment.

The friendly sculpture image becomes the focus of the spatial environment.

The relief of wrought brass enriches the connotation of the whole spatial environment with its narrativity.

The centrosymmetric layout easily forms the visual focus.

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The wooden carving decoration defines the metope as an independent decorative element.

The warm coloured wall and ground jointly create a warm and comfortable bedding environment, together with the lighting colour.

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The angular lines make the metope an orderly form, and intensify the transition and change of the space.

The material selection and collocation reflect classic elegance and modern comfort.

The modelling and colour of the furnishings show a noble temperament.

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IndexHotel Imperial, Austria

Kärntner Ring 16, Vienna, Austria Tel: +43 1 501100 4713Fax: +43 1 50110410 www.hotelimperialvienna.com

Hotel Sacher Wien, Austria

Philharmoniker Strasse 4, 1010 Vienna, Austria.Tel: +43 1 51 456 Fax: +43 1 51456810 www.sacher.com

Four Seasons Hotel, Czech Republic

Veleslavínova 1098/2A, Prague 111 00, Czech RepublicTel: +420 221, 427 000Fax: +420 221, 426 000www.fourseasons.com

Hotel Aria, Czech Republic

Trziste 9, 118 00 Prague Czech Republic Tel: +420 225 334 111Fax: +420 225 334 666www.ariahotel.net

No 5 Cavendish, England

5 Cavendish Square,London W1G 0PG, United Kingdom Tel: +020 7079 5000www.no5ltd.com

Hotel le Bristol, France

112 rue du Faubourg Saint Honore, 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 1 53 43 43 00Fax: +33 1 53 43 43 01www.lebristolparis.com

Hotel Adlon Kempinski, Germany

Unter den Linden 77, 10117 Berlin, GermanyTel: +49 30 22610Fax: +49 30 22621www.fourseasons.com

Melenos Lindos Hotel, Greece

Lindos, 85107 Rhodos, GreeceTel: +30 22440 32222Fax: +30 22440 31720www.melenoslindos.com

Adare Manor Hotel & Golf Resort, Ireland

County Limerick, IrelandTel: +353 61 605200, Fax: +353 61 396124 www.adaremanor.com

Ashford Castle, Cong, Ireland

Cong, County Mayo, Ireland Tel: +353 94 9546003Fax: +353 94 9546260www.ashford.ie

Dromoland Castle, Ireland

Newmarket on Fergus, County Clare, Ireland Tel: +353 61 368144www.dromoland.ie

The Kildare Hotel, Spa & Country Club, Ireland

Straffan, County Kildare, Ireland Tel: +353 1 6017 200Fax: +353 1 6017 297www.kclub.ie

The Merrion, Ireland

Upper Merrion Street 2, Dublin, Ireland Tel: +353 1 603 0600www.merrionhotel.com/

Hotel des Trois Couronnes, Switzerland

Rue d’Italie 49, 1800 Vevey, SwitzerlandTel: +41 (0)21 923 32 00Fax: +41 (0)21 923 33 99www.hoteltroiscouronnes.ch

Grand Hotel National, Switzerland

Haldenstrasse 4, 6006 Lucerne, Switzerland Tel: +41 41 419 09 09Fax: +41 41 419 09 10www.national-luzern.ch

Bauer Il Palazzo, Venice

San Marco 1413/d, 30124 Venice, Italy Tel: +39 041 520 7022 Fax: +39 041 520 7557 www.ilpalazzovenezia.com

Four Seasons Hotel, Milan

Via Gesu 6/8, 20121, Milan, ItalyTel: +39 02 77088 Fax: +39 02 7708 5000 www.fourseasons.com

Hotel Danieli, Venice

Castello 4196, 30122 Venice, ItalyTel: +39 041 522 6480 Fax: +39 041 520 0208 www.starwoodhotels.com

Villa d’Este, Lake Como, Italy

Via Regina 40, 22012 Cernobbio, ItalyTel +39 031 3481 Fax +39 031 348844 www.villadeste.it

Excelsior Palace Hotel, Rapallo

Via San Michele di Pagana 8, 16035 Rapallo Tel +39 0185 230 666 Fax +39 0185 230 214 www.thi.it

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Grand Hotel des Iles Borromees, Lake Maggiore

Corso Umberto I 67, 28838 Stresa , ItalyTel: +39 0323 938 938 Fax: +39 0323 324 05 www.borromees.it

Grand Hotel Excelsior Vittoria, Sorrento

Piazza Tasso 34, 80067 Sorrento Tel: +39 081 877 7111 Fax: +39 081 877 1206 www.exvitt.it

Grand Hotel, Florence

Piazza Ognissanti 1, 50123 Florence, ItalyTel: +39 055 27161 Fax: +39 055 217400 www.starwoodhotels.com www.grandflorence.com

Hotel Helvetia & Bristol, Florence

Via dei Pescioni 2, 50123 Florence, ItalyTel: +39 055 26651 Fax: +39 055 288353 www.royaldemeure.com

Hotel Principe di Savoia, Milan

Piazza della Repubblica 17, 20124 Milan, ItalyTel: +39 02 62301 Fax: +39 02 659 5838 www.hotelprincipedisavoia.com

Hotel Palazzo Sasso, Amalfi Coast

Via San Giovanni del Toro 28, 84010 Ravello, ItalyTel: +39 089 81 81 81 Fax: +39 089 85 89 00 www.palazzosasso.com

The St. Regis Grand Hotel, Rome

Via Vittorio E. Orlando 3, 00185 Rome, ItalyTel: +39 06 47091 Fax: +39 06 4747307 www.starwoodhotels.com www.thestregisgrandrome.com

Grand Hotel Continental, Siena

Banchi di Sopra 85, 53100 Siena, ItalyTel: +39 0577 56011 Fax: +39 0577 5601555 www.royaldemeure.com

Hotel Cipriani & Palazzo Vendramin, Venice

Giudecca 10, 30133 Venice, ItalyTel: +(39) 041 520 7744 Fax: +(39) 041 520 3930 www.hotelcipriani.com

The Westin Excelsior, Florence

Piazza Ognissanti 3, 50123 Florence, ItalyTel: +39 055 27151 Fax: +39 055 210278 www.starwoodhotels.com www.westinflorence.com