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European Port Governance‘The ESPO Fact-Finding Report’
Patrick VerhoevenAmCham Latvia – Riga, 22 November 2011
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Summary
1. Devolution2. Corporate governance3. Functional autonomy4. Functional pro-activeness5. Investment responsibility6. Financial autonomy7. Concluding observations
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• Hanse: Belgium, Germany, Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Iceland
• New Hanse: Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia• Anglo-Saxon: UK and Ireland• Latin: France, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Malta,
Greece, Cyprus and Israel• New Latin: Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria and
Romania
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Responding port authorities per region
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1. Devolution
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Ownership of port authorities
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Frequency of contacts with government
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National reforms and re-organisations
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Legal form of port authorities
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2. Corporate Governance
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Economic objectives of port authorities
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End responsibility for appointing top management executive of the PA
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Average composition of supervisory / governing body, in n° of people
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Use of public selection procedures to contract out port land
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Accounting
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Port authorities subject to taxation
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3. Operational Profile
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Direct provision of operational services
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4. Functional Autonomy
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Governance of port land
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Regulator function: Harbour Master
57,3 %Harbour Master is fully integrated in the port authority organisation
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5. Functional Pro-activeness
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Clauses generally applied in major contractual arrangements
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Port authorities issuing own regulations
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Involvement of PA in actions / initiatives that benefit the entire port community
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PA involved in societal integration initiatives
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Strategic partnerships and direct investments with other ports
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Export of regulatory expertise
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PA providing services outside their own port(s)
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6. Investment Responsibility
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7. Financial Autonomy
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Average income profile PA
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Legal nature of port charges (PA)
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Calculation basis of general port dues
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Port charges – autonomy PA
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General financial autonomy PA
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7. Concluding Observations
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• Most European PA converge towards ‘facilitator’ type • ‘Renaissance’ ambitions PA limited / enabled by
diversity in governance frameworks• Traditional Hanse, Latin and Anglo-Saxon frameworks
explain most of the diversity• New regions ‘in between’ but closer to Latin• Most PA are Hanse or Latin: north-south duality• Size matters (but not always)• Influence EU law and policy: new EU ‘Ports Package’
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Thank you for your attention
Patrick Verhoeven – Secretary GeneralEuropean Sea Ports Organisation (ESPO)
Treurenberg 6 – B-1000 Brussel / Bruxelles - Tel + 32 2 736 34 63 – Fax + 32 2 736 63 25Email: [email protected] – www.espo.be