European IntegrationEuropean Integration

Government 1183Government 1183

Lecture 4—EU history/institutions/lawLecture 4—EU history/institutions/law

Feb 11--2008Feb 11--2008

Theories of IntegrationTheories of Integration

CAUSESCAUSES

(i) War—internal; external(i) War—internal; external

(II) Economic Well-being(II) Economic Well-being

(iii) National Self-determination(iii) National Self-determination

Theories of European Theories of European IntegrationIntegration

ACTORSACTORS Euro-centric actorsEuro-centric actors—Jean Monnet et al—Jean Monnet et al State-Centric—(a) State-Centric—(a) StatesmenStatesmen seeking seeking

security and welfare for their state; and (b) security and welfare for their state; and (b) PoliticiansPoliticians seeking a place or position. seeking a place or position.

Business-Centric;Business-Centric; Demos-Centric—role of intellectual elites; Demos-Centric—role of intellectual elites;

role of the people.role of the people.

Some More EU JargonSome More EU Jargon

(i)--neo-functionalism (Monnet Method)(i)--neo-functionalism (Monnet Method) (ii)—intergovernmentalism—(state-(ii)—intergovernmentalism—(state-

centric process of integration)centric process of integration) (iii)—competences/policy domains(iii)—competences/policy domains -------(a) member-statists/federalists-------(a) member-statists/federalists --------(b) intergovernmental EU/ --------(b) intergovernmental EU/

supranational EU.supranational EU. (iv)--subsidiarity(iv)--subsidiarity

Political Structure of the Political Structure of the EU.EU.

Commission—Supranational.Commission—Supranational. Council of Ministers—Intergovernmental.Council of Ministers—Intergovernmental. Parliament—Supranational.Parliament—Supranational. Court—Supranational.Court—Supranational.

EU TreatiesEU Treaties Schumann Declaration 1950Schumann Declaration 1950 European Coal and Steel Community European Coal and Steel Community

19511951 Treaty of Rome 1957—EEC estd.Treaty of Rome 1957—EEC estd. Single European Act 1986Single European Act 1986 Treaty of European Union (Maastricht) Treaty of European Union (Maastricht)

19921992 Constitutional Treaty ????Constitutional Treaty ????

Treaty of RomePreamble

[Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Lux., and the Neths.]

Determined to lay the foundations of an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe,

Resolved to ensure the economic and social progress of their countries by common action to eliminate the barriers which divide Europe,

Affirming as the essential objective of their efforts the constant improvement of the living and working conditions of their peoples,

Recognising that the removal of existing obstacles calls for concerted action in order to guarantee steady expansion, balanced trade and fair competition,

Anxious to strengthen the unity of their economies and to ensure their harmonious development by reducing the differences existing between the various regions and the backwardness of the less favoured regions,

Desiring to contribute, by means of a common commercial policy, to the progressive abolition of restrictions on international trade,

Intending to confirm the solidarity which binds Europe and the overseas countries and desiring to ensure the development of their prosperity, in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations,

Resolved by thus pooling their resources to preserve and strengthen peace and liberty, and calling upon the other peoples of Europe who share their ideal to join in their efforts,

Have decided to create a European Economic Community

Treaty of Rome (1957)Treaty of Rome (1957)

The activities of the Community shall include…:The activities of the Community shall include…: (a) the elimination as between Member States, of customs duties and (a) the elimination as between Member States, of customs duties and

quantitative restrictions on the import and export of goods, and of all other quantitative restrictions on the import and export of goods, and of all other measures having equivalent effect;measures having equivalent effect;

(b) a common commercial policy; (b) a common commercial policy;

(c) an internal market characterized by the abolition, as between Member (c) an internal market characterized by the abolition, as between Member States, of obstacles to the free movement of goods, persons, services States, of obstacles to the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital; and capital;

(e) a common policy in the sphere of agriculture and fisheries;(e) a common policy in the sphere of agriculture and fisheries;

(h) the approximation of the laws of the Member States to the extent (h) the approximation of the laws of the Member States to the extent required for the functioning of the common market;required for the functioning of the common market;

(i) a policy in the social sphere comprising a European Social Fund;(i) a policy in the social sphere comprising a European Social Fund; (j) the strengthening of economic and social cohesion; (j) the strengthening of economic and social cohesion;

Treaty of Rome 1957Treaty of Rome 1957

Questions:Questions:

(i) Why move beyond Steel and Coal (i) Why move beyond Steel and Coal AgreementAgreement

(ii) Security-reasons/ economic reasons/ (ii) Security-reasons/ economic reasons/ identity reasonsidentity reasons