European Initiatives in the field of Hydrogen Safety, Regulations, Codes and Standards

Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 1

European Initiatives in the field of Hydrogen Safety,

Regulations, Codes and Standards

Pisa, Italy, 8-10 September 2005

Angel PEREZ SAINZEuropean Commission, Directorate-General

Research Marc STEEN

Institute for EnergyEuropean Commission, Directorate-General Joint

Research Centre


Presentation outline

• EU energy policy context

• The EU Framework Programmes (FP) for Research and Technology Development

• Projects on hydrogen safety in FP5 and FP6

• European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform – H2 safety, IG-RCS

• Energy Research in FP7


The European Commission

• The European Union (EU) o a treaty-based political association of European countries

o defines and manages economic and political cooperation among its members.

o From May 1st 2004, the EU includes 25 member countries and 450 million people.

• The European Commission (EC) o the executive arm of the EU institutions and embodies the

general interests of the EU.

o proposes policies and legislation and implements the measures approved by the governments of the member states, represented in the European Council, and by the European Parliament.

o Its responsibilities include policy areas such as trade, competition, agricultural policy and economic development, but also research, public health and humanitarian aid.


EU Energy Policy Context


Public funding of H2/FC RD&D

in Europe RD&D on H2/FC activities in Europe is funded

at different levels: EU, national and regional. The main instrument for EU funding is the

RTD&D Framework Programme (FP). The overall public budget of EU, national and

regional programmes is estimated to be more than 160 Mio € per year; industry budgets are even larger.

Up to recently the EU R&D efforts were relatively dispersed, fragmented and lacking a clear overall common strategy: - Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Coordination (HY-CO) as ERA-NET project


8 3258

145

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

FP2 FP3 FP4 FP5 FP6

EU Support to Fuel Cell and Hydrogen R&D in Framework

Programmes

275

M€


Total EC Contribution ~275 M€

FP6 Budget Breakdown for H2/FCs

H2 production

15%

H2 Storage

8%

H2 distribution

4%

Pathways and socio-

economic analysis

9%

Safety, RC&S4%

High Temperature FC -

basic research

6%

Low Temperature FC-

basic research

8%

Stationary and portable

applications

6%

Transport applications

(including FC hybrid

vehicles)

17%

Validation and

demonstration

18%

JRC

5%


Main dedicated projects on

H2 safety & RCS in FP5

ProjectCoordinator

Duration(months)

EC funding

Emphasis

EIHP2 LBST(B)36(finished)

~ 2.3 M€

Input for RCS at EU and global level - safe development of H2 vehicles on roads - refuelling station

ELEDRIVE AVERE (B)36 (finished)

~ 0.7 M€

To create synergies at EU level to accelerate the deployment of FC vehicles, including recommendations for legislation and

standardisation

FCTESTNET* VDI(D)/JRC

36(about to finish)

~ 2.5 M€Development and harmonisation of FC testing protocols


Main dedicated projects on H2 safety &

RCS in FP6Project Coordinator

Duration (months)

EC funding Emphasis

HYSAFE * FZK (DE) 36 (on- going)

~ 7.0 M€

- I ntegration of knowledge on H2 safety in Europe

- Research to support the safe introduction of H2 technologies

HARMONHY * AVERE(B) 12 (on- going)

~ 0.5 M€ Gap analysis and Road map for

RCS global harmonisation

HYAPPROVAL **

LBST (D) 24 (about to start)

~ 1.9 M€ Handbook facilitating the

approval of hydrogen refuelling stations

FCTESTQA * ENEA(I )/ J RC

48 (under negotiation)

~ 2.5 M€* Fuel Cell Systems Testing, Safety & Quality Assurance

* submitted, ** pending submission for IPHE recognition


Consortium● 24 partners from 12 Eur.

Countries, 1 from Canada

● 12 public research organisations, 7 industrial partners, 5 universities

Main Goals•Contribute to a safe transition to a sustainable development in Europe by facilitating the safe introduction of hydrogen technologies / applications

•Strengthen and focus, integrate fragmented research on hydrogen safety competitive scientific and industrial community

NoE qualifiers•Lasting integration of R&D

capacities•Long-term, multidisciplinary

objectives•….


Distribution Fires andExplosions

Mitigation RiskAnalysis

RC&S

Production

Transport

Refuelling

Other Vehicles

Portables

Street Vehicles

Application

Risk Control

HySafe – Action Plan on H2 safety

Outcome:• Experimental databases for hydrogen safety

analyses • Validated analytical and numerical tools for

assessment of safety • Experimentally validated mitigation techniques

and safety devices • Innovative hydrogen mitigation technologies• Methodologies for risk evaluation• Improved technical culture to handle hydrogen as

an energy carrier• Inputs to European/global regulatory and

standardization activities


HFP

CEN

StorHy

Zeroregio

NATURALHY

HySafe links with other initiatives

NorthAmerica

JapanRussia

ISO IEA

HyApproval CUTE etc…

IPHE


JRC efforts on hydrogen safety

•high pressure gas storage

•solid state & hybrid storage

•sensor testing•safety modelling

• Own R&D projects in networking mode with EU-projects and stakeholders

• Feed-in to RCS• International outreach: IPHE RCS, IEA Task 19 • Security aspects


Numerical modelling of accident scenarios (gas release and distribution, explosions)

NON-NUCLEARNUCLEAR

Hydrogen accidents in:

Nuclear reactors

Tunnels and urban streets

Refuelling stations

Pipelines

application to

H2SOURCE

TERM

GAS DISTRIBUTION

cloud formation

influence wind

stratification

(mitigation techniques)

GAS EXPLOSIONS

laminar flame

turbulent acceleration

detonation

(damage predictions)


EU Harmonisation of Risk Assessment for Different H2 Applications

• to contribute to development of pre-normative guidelines for determination of safety distances and hazardous zones, and input to regulatory issues.

• to include the hydrogen dimension into an EU-wide consistent comparison of risk information and risk communication (Energy Risks Monitor (ERMON))

EU Hydrogen Incident and Accident Database (HIAD)

• a classical "lessons learnt from accidents" type of database does not work for the case of HIAD

• to collect information on H2 related events from open sources, and provide easily accessible, reliable and unbiased information on incidents/accidents


SRA Foundation document

- The SRA recommends a prioritised, 10-year research programme, a medium-term strategy up to 2030 and a long-term strategic outlook up to 2050.

- Safety is considered as a very

important issue to be part in all R&D efforts - it is treated as “cross-cutting” to all applications and technologies

- Specific safety R&D needs are also identified.


Specific R&D needs from SRA on Hydrogen Safety

1. Safety monitoring including sensors 2. Hydrogen leakage detection in CGH2 systems3. Core components for refuelling stations 4. Novel materials, safety studies for metal hydride

storage 5. “Fail-safe” methods to handle hydrogen boil-off 6. Risk assessment and design of components 7. Computational tools for safety studies 8. Evaluation of social impacts (potential poor safety

perception of H2)


Technology Platform recommendations H2 safety and

RCSThe H2/FC Technology Platform has produced a preliminary action plan to address the R&D needs identified in the SRA to establish a EU harmonised standardisation and regulatory

framework for the safe operation of hydrogen & fuel cell systems,

with the following main steps: develop handbooks/codes of best practice for the safe introduction

of H2 establish a formal process / task force for assessing due diligence

as regards safe use of hydrogen in projects, especially demonstration actions

assimilate and structure knowledge from pre-normative research, safety dedicated projects and demonstration activities

enhance international co-operation to secure globally compatible infrastructure and equipment

Key EU projects of international added value are being recognised by IPHE for potential collaboration


Research related to hydrogen safety will be implemented under the following topics:

Research to develop permitting guides for the installation of stationary H2/FC systems, to remove non-technical barriers and safety barriers

Enhancement of int’l cooperation dimension of running

FP6 H2/FC related projects, to stimulate cooperation and exchange through IPHE framework

NOTE: call to be officially opened end of September

Call FP6-2004-Energy-4

M-L research activities


Hydrogen and fuel cellsHydrogen and fuel cells

Renewable electricity generationRenewable electricity generation

Renewable fuel productionRenewable fuel production

CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero

emission power generation

CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero

emission power generation

Smart energy networksSmart energy networks

Energy savings and energy efficiency

Energy savings and energy efficiency

Knowledge for energy policy makingKnowledge for energy policy making

Clean coal technologiesClean coal technologies

Renewables for heating and cooling

Renewables for heating and cooling

FP 7Proposed Priority Topics in Energy


FP7 proposes concept of a Joint Technology Initiative (JTI) for

H2/FC Public-Private-Partnership with an appropriate

legal, governance and management structure – leveraging funding from various sources

Strong industrial participation in shared management of integrated RTD and demonstration activities, based on the research and deployment strategies developed in the Technology Platform

Supporting a European Energy Research Area Developing outreach at international level Capitalising on results of FP5 and FP6


From Technology Platform to Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

I

UK

NL

D E

SE

….

….

F

ERA-NET

EIB

Private Investment Structural

funds

NationalProgramme

s


Staying Informed

Energy Research at Europa http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/energy/index_en.html

General information on the Sixth Framework Programme http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/index_en.html

Next Call for proposalshttp://fp6.cordis.lu/fp6/calls.cfm

Energy helpdesk [email protected]

Towards FP7http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/future/index_en.html

HFP Technology Platform www.HFPeurope.org

Joint Research Centre http://jrc.cec.eu.int

JRC Institute for Energyhttp://ie.jrc.cec.eu.int


THANK YOU !!!

European Initiatives in the field of Hydrogen Safety, Regulations, Codes and Standards

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