The Old World Background to European Colonial Slavery - Robin Blackburn
European Exploration of the Americas Spain Claims an Empire European Competition in North America...
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European Explorationof the Americas
Spain Claims an EmpireEuropean Competition in North America
The Spanish & Native AmericansBeginnings of Slavery in the Americas
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Spain Claims an EmpireMarco Polo’s tales
Overland route costly & dangerous
Portugal takes the lead
Henry the Navigator Began a school of navigation
Water route to Asia Bartolomeu Dias
Sailed to Cape of Good Hope Vasco da Gama
Sailed all the way to India
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Spain Claims an EmpireChristopher Columbus - 1492
Believed in a faster routeKing Ferdinand & Queen Isabella’s supportSailed with 3 ships
Nina, Pinta, Santa MariaSan Salvador – October 12, 1492
Believed he had reached Asia
Treaty of TordesillasDivided new lands between Spain & Portugal
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Spain Claims an EmpireConquistidors
Gold (mercantilism) Glory God (missionaries)
Amerigo Vespucci Realized land was not Asia, but a whole NEW WORLD German mapmaker labeled new land - AMERICA
Vasco Nunez de Balboa Pacific Ocean
Ferdinand Magellen Expedition sailed around the globe 5 ships & 270 men 3years 1 ship w/ 19 men
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Spain Claims an EmpireHernando Cortes – 1519-1521
Conquered AztecsDona Marina
508 men & several horsesMontezuma
Aztec leader
Francisco Pizarro - 1531Conquered IncasAtahualapa
Inca Emperor
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European Competitionin North America
John Cabot (England) Newfoundland
Giovanni da Verrazzano (France) Northeast coast of United States
Jacques Cartier (France) St. Lawrence seaway to present day Montreal
Samuel de Champlain (France) Founded fur trading post at Quebec (1608)
Oldest permanent French settlement in new world
Henry Hudson (Dutch) Explored New York harbor area
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The Spanish & Native Americans
Not as much gold as Spain had hoped
Encomiendas Grant allowing forced native American labor
Haciendas Large farms or plantations
Missions Settlements intended to convert natives to Christianity
(Catholic)
Bartolome’ de Las Casas “Protector of the Indians”
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The Spanish & Native Americans
Columbian ExchangeExchange of plants, animals, diseases, & culture
from Europe to the Americas & backEurope had never seen:
Pumpkins, turkeys, squash, pineapple, tobacco, sweet potato, peppers, peanuts, potatoes, tomatoes, corn, beans, or vanilla
America had never seen:Coffee, peaches, pears, citrus fruits, bananas, sugar
cane, honey bees, onions, wheat, rice, cows, sheep, pigs, horses, grapes, olives, or diseases like – measles, smallpox, malaria, common cold
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Beginnings of Slaveryin the Americas
SlaveryOne person owned by another
Growth of plantations led to a need for workersCaptured slaves escaped Began trading slaves from Americas to Africa
Slave trade developsDutch set up MIDDLE Passage
Triangular TradeMolasses to Rum to Slaves
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