EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 11 Boiler- & WH...
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Transcript of EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 11 Boiler- & WH...
1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 1
Boiler- & WH labelling and European directive EuP
Ecodesign of EuP: Lot 2
Water Heaters
Matthew KestnerEUROPEAN COMMISSIONDirectorate-general for Energy and TransportUnit D3, Energy Efficiency
Consultation ForumBrussels, 8 July 2008
2 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 2
Content
1. Introduction
2. Water Heaters
2.1 Ecodesign and EPBD Minimum Efficiency Limits
2.2 Labelling scale
2.3 EPBD – Partial Harmonization
2.4 Size Limits
2.5 EPBD other elements
2.6 Conformity assessment
2.7 Verification Procedure
2.8 Annex IV – Climate variation
2.9 Emissions/ Nox
2.10 Other Definitions/Scope/ Benchmarks
2.11 Other Water Heaters
3 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 3
Index
Part 1.
Introduction
4 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 4
Carbon [CO2 eq] emissions EU15 in 2005
17%
6%
26%
17%
24%
10%
EU-15 Greenhouse gas [CO2] emissions
[Total 3357 Mt CO2 eq, ]
Boilers and water
heaters almost ¼
Other electric EuPincl. power generation lossesIndustrial
other fossil fuel useincl. refineries
Road transport
CH boilers
Water heating
5 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 5
Energy
Road transport, inner circle: cars ca. 60%
CH Boilers (space heating function only)
Water Heaters (incl. boiler water heating)
Other EuP (dotted= scope future studies)
In EuP-scope
Impact corresponds to circle surface [PJ]
Outside EuP-directive scope
Heating highest
energy use!
6 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 6
EU legislation lags behind (Water Heater)
Minimum energy efficiency standards for water heaters:
= YES= NO
EU to be in front
7 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 7
CO2 eq. emissions Water Heaters
1990 2010 2020 2025
194
227245
Business as Usual (BAU)
EU25-emission water heaters in Mt CO2/a
29%
10%223
174
Realistic scenario
High saving
potential !
8 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 8
Urgency: 2020 !
EU target 20/20/20 vs. 1990
EuP boilers and water heaters >25% of the target
EuP + EPB* space & water heat 40-50% of the target
-20%
-20%
2020
carbon
energy
target year
Act Now !!
9 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 9
Targets
Proposed measures are:
• A good investment – cost effective savings
2020 Savings
• 60 MT CO² by 2020
• 1-2% of EU Energy Demand
• Essential to overall 2020 targets
10 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 10
Pan-European Synergy Opportunities
• Physics is universal Best Practice For All
• EU-Single Market Mass-production and mass-application of high efficiency solutions
• EU climate differences don’t stand in the way:
11 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 11 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 1 & 2, BRUSSELS, 29.2.2008
EU climate (weighted average Oct.-Apr).
6,5
6,7
7,6
7,4
6,9
5,6
4,3
3,6
3,9
4,54,6
4,6
2,4
0,5
0,9
0,3
7,6
EE
LT
LI
1,9
-0,5
3,8
5,6
11,3
9,9
13,5
12,9
14,814,4
5,3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
4
55
5
5
3
3
3
EU climateHeating season temperature &Solar annual
3 Avg. hor. solar irradiance kWh/m2/d
Avg. outdoor temperature Oct.-Apr. oC13,5
12 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 12
Case for Harmonization
• Product may come in several boxes, (Water Heater, solar panels etc.). But each box is a mass produced product.
• Usual advantages of single market and harmonization apply.
• National implementation will lead to 30+ varying requirements, and limited response from manufacturers.
13 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 13
Choice of implementation methods
1. Labelling and Information
2. Ecodesign – Minimum Efficiency Standards
3. Installation Requirements (EPBD)
4. Subsidies, Tax rebates etc.
14 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 14
Urgency: 2020 !
EU target 20/20/20 vs. 1990
EuP boilers and water heaters >25% of the target
EuP + EPB* space & water heat 40-50% of the target
-20%
-20%
2020
carbon
energy
target year
Act Now !!
15 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 15
Index
Part 2.
Water Heaters
16 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 16
2.1 Eco Design Requirements Water Heaters
Rating on basis of how • Energy efficiency of supplying relevant volume
of hot water (tapping pattern) in an average EU building
• Model to correct difference between measurement methods, and to allow for (some) distribution losses.
18 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 18
4772391198469271062max.single tap (l)
96481610106542max.flow (l/min, 60ºC)
4XL3XLXXLXLLMSXSXXS
20555102775355418725621285465461461Qload in kWh/a 8x’M’ 16x’M’
55ºC35ºC40ºC
55ºC
55ºC
55ºC55ºC
55ºC
55ºC
Derived from prEN 50440 “electric storage” and EN 13203-2/3 “gas/solar
Load profiles water heating
Kitchen tappings (oC)ShowerBathBath+shower (simult.)
55ºC
23 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 23
2.2 Water Heater Energy Label Classes
282828272727202017F
323232303030232320E
363636343433262623D
2011 Limit404040403736292926C
2013 limit -------EPBD (New Build)646460504639323229B
2015 EPBD ------- (New Build)868072625645353532A
969684766854383835A+
120110104928266555344A++
BAT1501401241129880726153A+++
4XL3XLXXLXLLMSXSXXS
24 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 24
2.3 Water Heater – National Installation Limits
Partial Harmonization
Member States• To ensure appropriate sizing• Free to set higher installation limits – but should
correspond to labelling limits
• Thus - For any installation building owner should be given a choice of installing water heaters that correspond to certain labelling efficiency/size classes.
• Free to set their own system elements not in water heater (e.g.insulation of distribution pipes)
25 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 25
2.3 Water Heater – National Installation Limits
House 2
House 1
282828272727202017F
323232303030232320E
363636343433262623D
2011 Limit404040403736292926C
2013 limit646460504639323229B
868072625645353532A
969684766854383835A+
120110104928266555344A++
BAT1501401241129880726153A+++
4XL3XLXXLXLLMSXSXXS
26 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 26
2.4 Water Heater– size Limits
Need for size limits
• Requirements get stricter for larger sizes – incentive to install ‘supersized M’ when XL is needed (particularly important. But
• Water demand varies over time, meeting standard tapping cycle will give to little hot water on some days.
Limits imposed by
• Member States ensuring ‘appropriate sizing’• Limit on size of water heater in terms of volume (XXS- S)• Limit on ability to perform higher tapping cycles (2 size
categories)
27 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 27
2.5 Water Heater EPBD– Other possible elements
Member States should
Centralized/Decentralized
• Should set rules relating to the choice between centralized and decentralized hot water systems.
Building Certificates/Water heater inspection etc.
• Should include information on the savings from replacing existing water heater with one with efficiency at
> Class A
> Minimum level allowed
28 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 28
2.6 Water Heater – conformity Assessment
Elements
• New Modules recently adopted.• Large potential savings – need for greater security of results
(so Notified bodies, osule A2 etc.)• ‘New products’ need for stricter assessment.
Possible requirement: Sizes
• XXS-XS - Module A• S – L - A2 or Notified body(B+C)• XL -4XL - Notified body(B+C)• Not using ‘harmonized standard’ – Notified body
Impact assessment Study to look into details
29 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 29
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Verification procedureAs previously discussed
•Limits under Ecodesign Requirements or Energy Labelling threshold- Maximum values.
•Other information (for example the data input defined in Annex IV) margin for production variation of (say) ± [7%].
To be replaced by ‘harmonized methods’ – when developed
30 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 30
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Test protocol
•Test 1 model, if test result exceeds limit, then
•Test 3 further models
There shall be no need to re-test the value of all parameters in the second set of tests, only those that exceed maximum value for the first unit.
31 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 31
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Proof of Failure Ecodesign requirements and Energy Labelling Thresholds
• Test values for the first unit, and average test values for the second set of tests, exceed the limit by
> Water Heater 4%
> NOx emissions 4%
OR• An analysis based on the test error of the relevant test house for the test(s) in
question that shows that the probability a correctly declared model, could have had the test results, or worse, is very low.
32 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 32
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Proof of Failure Declared values
• Test values for the first unit, and average test values for the second set of tests, differ from declared value by more than [7%]
33 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 33
2.7 Water Heater Verification Comments
4% to low for• Small tapping cycles • Nox (at 20 ppm)• New standards
34 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 34
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV
See separate presentation
35 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 35
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Adjustment for climate differences implies barriers to trade
• same product has different rating depending on where installed.
Danger of 'Best' driving out the ‘Good’ if
• optimizing for small climate differences(e.g. of 5%) takes precedence over
• designing better products (Energy rating bandwidth 15%)
36 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 36
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Annex IV base on average EU climate
• For constant hot Water Load for most products climate variations make only small differences.
(NB household with same water demand will need bigger water heater in Finland (cold water 5°C) than in Italy (cold water 15°C)
37 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 37
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Possible products with 'large' variation:
• outside air based heat pumps, in 'Artic' areas temperatures often below 0-5°C, and
• Solar systems, which will work better in 'Tropical' areas where solar flux is significantly higher (5 kWh/day m² rather than 3 kWh/day m²).
High quality solar systems (e.g. with vacuum insulated collectors) will already work well in areas with the lower level of solar flux.
38 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 38 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 1 & 2, BRUSSELS, 29.2.2008
EU climate (weighted average Oct.-Apr).
6,5
6,7
7,6
7,4
6,9
5,6
4,3
3,6
3,9
4,54,6
4,6
2,4
0,5
0,9
0,3
7,6
EE
LT
LI
1,9
-0,5
3,8
5,6
11,3
9,9
13,5
12,9
14,814,4
5,3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
4
55
5
5
3
3
3
EU climateHeating season temperature &Solar annual
3 Avg. hor. solar irradiance kWh/m2/d
Avg. outdoor temperature Oct.-Apr. oC13,5
39 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 39
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Possible strategyDifference between ‘Standard’ and ‘Artic’ and/or ‘Tropical’ rating
< 15%/Labelling Bandwidth - Use ‘Standard’ rating
> 15%/Labelling Bandwidth - then'Artic' and or 'Tropical' rating may be used (in Ecodesign,energy Labelling, EPBD Installation requirements)
40 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 40
2.8 Water Heater Climate variation - comments
• EHI .No climate zones in Ecodesing, acceptabel if needed in• NGOs should allow for climate differences
41 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 41
2.8 Water Heater Heat Pump
• EHI .GWP condition on heat pumps should be dropped• NGOs Should have more complete treatment of GWP of Heat
Pump fluid.
42 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 42
2.9 Water Heater - Emissions
Significant Emissions in use phase ofi)NOx ii) COiii) Hydrocarbonsiv) Particulates
But •measurement methods unrealistic (steady state)•need to develop dynamic measurement methods.
apart from NOx – see separate slides
43 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 43
2.9 Water Heater - Emissions
NGOs should include Methane But measurement problems
44 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 44
2.10 Water Heater - Scope
As before•All Electric, Gas, Oil Water Heaters (inc Solar Heat Pump)•(Combis, Hot Water Cylinders – willl be dealt with in further Working documents.)
Not (yet) covered in annex IV Micro CHP, CO² heat pump, etc.
These ‘new’ products to be included when• Harmonized standard adopted, or• Amendment to annex IV
Then transition period (12 months)
45 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 45
2.10 Water Heater - Scope
NGOs should WH using waste water OK when measurement methods developed.
46 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 46
2.10 Water Heater - Benchmarks
As beforeEnergy efficiency •XXS-S A++•S-4XL A+++
NOx Emissions •less than 20ppm
NGOs Should add benchmarks for• GWP (HP fluid refrigerant)• Methane leakage
47 EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008 47
Index
Thank you !