Europe & US, 1912-30

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Max Beckmann, Night, 1917-18, oil on canvas, German

Transcript of Europe & US, 1912-30

Page 1: Europe & US, 1912-30

Max Beckmann, Night, 1917-18, oil on canvas, German

Page 2: Europe & US, 1912-30

Europe and America 1912-30

Jason Lazarus, Self-Portrait as an Artist Burning Down the MCA (Chicago, IL), 2004

“All that is solid melts into air”

Marx, CommunistManifesto

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Europe, 1900-12 UMBERTO BOCCIONI, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 3’7”,

1913. Fig. 14-11.

…All subjects previously usedmust be swept aside in order toexpress our whirling life of steel, of pride, of fever and ofspeed…that movement and light destroy the materiality of bodies.

-from Futurist Painting:Technical Manifesto, 1910

F.T. Marinetti

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• Futurism • Began as literary

movement• Violent rejection of

artistic and cultural tradition

• Embrace speed, machines (the automobile)

• Interested in Cubist formal analysis

• Pictures movement rather than the body

UMBERTO BOCCIONI, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913. Fig. 14-11.

Europe, 1900-12

Nike of Samothrace190 BCE, Greek

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America, 1900-1920

Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase No.2, 1912, oil

Marsden Hartley, Portrait of a German Officer, 1914, oil

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• Movement toward abstraction• Isolating fragments of objects

for beauty of line, shape, light• Reductive, organic

EDWARD WESTON, Nude, 1925. Fig. 14-18.

America, 1900-1920

Georgia O’Keeffe, Jack in the Pulpit No.4 1930, oil, fig.I-1

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dada

DADADADA

Dada signified nothing, it is nothing, nothing nothing-Francis Picabia, 1915

Jean (Hans) Arp, Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance, 1916-17

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MARCEL DUCHAMP, Fountain (second version), 1950 (original

version produced 1917). Fig. 14-13.

Europe, 1912-20

Duchamp as Rrose Selavyby Man Ray, 1921

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CFQY0Yf1iI&feature=fvw

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• Dadaists embrace anarchy, irrationality, humor, indifference

• One of first “readymades”• Found object, questions

artist’s role, nature of art and aesthetic tastes – “He chose it!”

• Mass production (serial object)

• Birth of conceptual art

MARCEL DUCHAMP, Fountain (second version), 1950 (original

version produced 1917). Fig. 14-13.

Europe, 1912-20

The only works of art America has given are her plumbing andher bridges. -Duchamp, The Blind

Man

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HANNAH HÖCH, Cut with the Kitchen Knife Dada through the Last

Weimar Beer Belly Cultural Epoch of

Germany, 1919–1920. Fig. 14-14.

Europe, 1912-20

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• Dadaist photomontage • Political activism (Berlin

Dada in Weimar Republic)• Found objects placed in

illogical juxtapositions (anti-aesthetic & antilogical)

• Aligns Dada with leftist politics (Marx, Lenin) & women’s rights

• Prominent Dadaists and other notable figures represented (Einstein) HANNAH HÖCH, Cut with the Kitchen Knife

Dada through the Last Weimar Beer Belly Cultural Epoch of Germany, 1919–1920.

Fig. 14-14.

Europe, 1912-20

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Europe, 1920 to 1930

Man Ray, Waking Dream Séance, 1924

surrealism:

Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express – verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner the actual functioning of thought. Dictated by thought, in the absence of any control exercised by reason, exempt from any aesthetic or moral concern.

-Andre Breton, First Surrealist Manifesto, 1924

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Group Activity

The Exquisite Corpse

Automatism:

In painting, the process of yieldingoneself to instinctive motions of the hands after establishing a set of conditions within which a work is to be produced.

Tanguy, Miro, Morise, Man RayExquisite Corpse, 1927, mixed media

on paper

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The Exquisite Corpse

• A game or “chance operation” invented by the Surrealists (hence their infamous phrase, "The exquisite corpse will drink the new wine.").

How to play the game…

Take one sheet of paper and mark it off in 4-5 equal sections. You must decide beforehand the "rule" or order of types of words that will dictate each person's participation (i.e. Noun, verb, adjective, noun, adverb, preposition, etc.). You will then pass the sheet of paper from person to person. Without letting others see what he/she is writing, each person will write down a word according to the rule, then fold over the paper so the person who follows cannot see what they're writing. When you’re finished, each group will look at what they have collectively written and read their sentence to the class.

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SALVADOR DALÍ, The Persistence of Memory, 1931. Fig. 14-22.

Europe, 1920 to 1930

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WixEvXAkrZo&feature=related

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• Naturalistic surrealism (vs. biomorphic)

• Represent the unconscious mind & childhood (Catalan landscape)

• Recurring symbols (ants; limp, amorphous forms)

• Inspired by Freud and Jung• Realistic dreamscape• “Concrete irrationality”• “Paranoic-critical”

method

SALVADOR DALÍ, The Persistence of Memory, 1931. Fig. 14-22.

Europe, 1920 to 1930

Detail from Bosch’s Garden of Earthly Delightsca.1505

http://www.zappinternet.com/video/danPvuMpaX/Un-chien-Andalou-1928