EU Regional Water Seminar Amman 21-24 March 2011

Water and Sanitation in the Occupied

Palestinian Territory

Brief History of EC Support to the Water Sector in the oPt.

Major past interventionsEU

contribution (€M)

Total cost (€M)

Year Started

End year

EXACT Water Data Banks – phase I to phase IVDel Amman 10,0 ? 1995 2008

Partnership for Peace - Friends of the Earth Middle East "Good Water Neighbours" Del Tel Aviv

MEDA Water projects

EMPOWERS, Empowering local stakeholders to improve water management, CARE International, UK (Egypt, Jordan and Palestinian Authority)

3,8 4,8 2003 2007

EMWATER, Improving wastewater management and reuse, InWent, Germany (Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine and Turkey) 3.1 3.9 2003 2008

MEDAWARE, management Promoting sustainable water reuse, National technical University of Athens (NTUA), Greece (Cyprus, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestinian Authority and Turkey)

1.8 2.3 2003 2007

MEDWA, Improving water management at the farm level, HWA Hilfswerk (Austria), Jordan and Palestinian Authority 4.4 5.5 2004 2008

Current Process of ProgrammingOngoing Projects

EU contribution

(€M)

Total cost (€M)

Year Started

End year

North Gaza Emergency Sewage Treatment 6,0 $ 2006 2014

UNRWA / Environmental and Sanitation Project, West Bank and Gaza Strip Refugee Camps

14,6 14,6 2002 2011

2009 Food Security Thematic Programme, small and medium scale wastewater treatment facilities and reuse of treated water

8.4 9.2 2010 2013

Partnership For Peace- Friends of the Earth Middle East – Trans-boundary Advocacy of Parliamentarians over shared water issues

0,4 0,5 2009 2011

Rural infrastructure development 1,3 1,3 2008 2011

EXACT phase V (Fostering cooperation in between water management authorities in Israel, Jordan, Palestinian Authority)

1,5 1,5 2010 2014

In programmationEU

contribution (€M)

Total cost (€M)

Commit. Year

Status

Waste Water treatment plant and reuse for agriculture for Tubas/Tayasir, Northern West Bank

17,0 17,0 2011Feasibility

study

"Soft component" for the Water and Sanitation sector

2,0 2,0 2011Needs

assessment

Assessment Factors for The National Sector Framework:

Sector Policy & Strategy

Sector Budget

Sector Coordination

Institutional Capacity

Performance Monitoring

Macro-Economic Environment

Public Financial Management

SECTOR POLICY & STRATEGY

National Sector Strategy for Water and Wastewater in Palestine 2011-2013

― Finalised in September 2010

Palestinian National Plan 2011-2013

― including financial allocations,

― under inter-ministerial negotiations

Strategic Objectives:

(a)Promote good governance and provide a legal and institutional environment, that guarantees equitable services, and sound management of the sector ensuring its sustainability

(b) Integrated water management ensuring equitable and continues services as well as resources sustainability

(c) Integrated wastewater management which ensures equitable and continuous services, contributes to preserving public health and safeguards the environment

(d) Efficient and effective water and wastewater

institutions engaging all segments of society

Policies and programmes

Strategic Objectives

Interventions

Policies

Projects

-Restructure the water sector framework-Rectify the legal status of the water sector-Increase water resources through:

•Drilling equipment and operating new wells•Constructing two desalination plants (Al Fashkha and Gaza Strip)•Building Dams for the collection of rainwater

-Provide Communities with sufficient and good quality water through:

•Constructing, equipping and connecting non-serviced areas•Building rainfall collection cisterns•Rehabilitation of water systems-Implementing a water quality monitoring system

-Connect residential communities with wastewater collection networks-Build wastewater collection and treatment plants-Enhancing and maximizing the participation of civil society segments, private sector, women and the marginalized in planning and decision making process-Developing the capacities of water sector Institutions-Providing a conductive environment for retaining and building capacities of qualified water sector staff-Raise water awareness of all population segments

Strategic Objectives Cost in (€M)

Restructure the water sector framework 5.6Rectify the legal status of the water sector 2.2Increase water resources 598.9Provide Communities with sufficient and good quality water 148.2Connect residential communities with wastewater collection network 398.1Build wastewater collection and treatment plants 15.9Enhancing and maximizing the participation of all civil society segments, private sector, women and the marginalized in planning and decision making 0.24Developing the capacities of water sector institutions 0.99Raise water awareness of all population segments 0.20

BUDGET

COORDINATION

Local Aid Coordination Committee (LACC) was established as a mechanism to increase the efficiency of development efforts at the local level, bringing together 25-30 donor countries on a monthly basis.

In an effort to improve information sharing and coordination at the operational level and to direct donor assistance towards the needs and priorities identified by the Palestinian Authority, the LACC has established twelve Sector Working Groups (SWGs).

Aid Coordination Structure in oPt Aid Coordination Structure in oPt - Local Level -

Economic Strategy Group (ESG)Co-Chairs: Ministry of Finance / World Bank

Governance Strategy Group (GSG)Co-Chairs: Ministry of Planning & Admin Development / EC

Infrastructure Strategy Group (ISG)Co-Chairs: Ministry of Public Works & Housing / USAID

Social Development Strategy Group (SDSG)

Co-Chairs: Ministry of Social Affairs / UNSCO

Local DevelopmentLocal Development Forum (LDF) Forum (LDF)

Co-Chairs: Ministry of Planning & Admin Development, Norway,

World Bank, UNSCOMembers: All donor and aid agencies

and representatives of relevant PA institutions

Status October 2010

© LACS

Members: PA institutions: MoPAD, PMA, OoPDonors: EC, France, Germany, IMF, Netherlands, Norway, OQR*, Spain, UK, US

Members:PA institutions: MoPAD*, MoLG, MoT, MoTIT, PWA, EQA, PEADonors: EC, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Norway, Spain, Sweden, UNDP

Members: PA institutions: PMO, MoF, MoI, MoJDonors: Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, OQR*, Netherlands, Norway, UK, US, World Bank

Members: PA institutions: MoPAD, MoEHE, MoH, MoL, MoFDonors: Canada, EC, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, Sweden,Switzerland, US, OCHA,UNICEF, UNIFEM, World BankNGO Representatives: AIDA, PNGO

Local Aid CoordinationLocal Aid CoordinationSecretariat (LACS)Secretariat (LACS)

AgriculturePrivate SectorDevt. & Trade Judiciary

Elections2

Social ProtectionEducationHealth

Task Force on ProjectImplementation (TFPI)1

Secretariat: LACSEC, World Bank, USAID, UNSCO

Water & Sanitation

Fiscal Public Administration& Civil Service Security

Municipal Dev. & Local Gov.

Remarks:* Observer status1 TFPI chair rotates bi-annually amongst the members2 Adapted sector coordination mechanism3 The Humanitarian Task Force reports directly to the SDSG

Sector WorkingGroups (SWG)

Micro and Small Finance

Humanitarian3

Solid Waste.

Environmental

Thematic Groups, Task Forces

Affordable Housing.

Infrastructure Strategy Group (ISG)1

Co-Chairs: Ministry of Public Works & Housing / USAID

Status April 2010

Members:PA institutions: MoPAD, MoLG, MoT, MoTIT, PWA, EQA, PEADonors: EC, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Norway, Spain, Sweden, UNDP, OQR* Municipal Development & Municipal Development &

Local Governance Local Governance Sector Working Group2 (MDLG

SWG)

Water & Sanitation Water & Sanitation Sector Working Group

(WSWG)

© LACS

Co-Chairs: MoLG, DenmarkTechnical Advisor: World BankMembers: PA institutionsPA institutions: APLA, EQA, MoPAD, PWA DonorsDonors:: Belgium, EC, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, UNDP, UN-HABITAT, USAID

Co-Chairs: PWA, GermanyTechnical Advisor: World BankMembers: PA institutionsPA institutions: EQA, MoLG, MoPAD, MoPWH, National Water Council (NWC)DonorsDonors:: Austria, EC, Finland, France, Japan, OQR*, Sweden, USAID, UNDPNGO representative: PHGPrivate Sector: JWU

Remarks:* Observer status1 An Energy review team headed by the PEA reports to the ISG2 The MDLG SWG reports to the Governance Strategy Group (GSG) on local governance issues 3 The AH TSG reports to both the ISG and the ESG

Aid Coordination Structure in oPT – Infrastructure

Affordable Housing Affordable Housing Thematic Thematic Group

(AH TSG)3

Solid Waste Solid Waste Thematic Group Thematic Group

(SW TSG)

Co-Chairs: MoPWH, World BankMembers: PA institutionsPA institutions: EQA, Land Authority, MoPAD, Palestinian Housing CooperationDonorsDonors: Canada, DFiD, Japan, UNDP, USAIDPrivate sector: Private sector: Palestinian Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Portland Trust Fund

Co-Chairs: MoLG, GermanyMembers: PA institutionsPA institutions: EQA, MoLG, MoPAD, MoPWH, National Steering Committee for Solid Waste (NSC SW), PMODonorsDonors:: Italy, Japan, EC, UNDP, WBNGO representative: AIDA

Environmental Environmental Sector Working Group

(ENV SWG)

Co-Chairs: EQA, SwedenTechnical Advisor: UNDPMembers: PA institutionsPA institutions: PWA, MoLG, MoPAD & MoADonorsDonors: EC, FAO, Italy, Japan, Spain, Switzerland NGO representative: PNGO (represented by ARIJ)

Water and Sanitation SWG Composition

• Co-Chairs: Palestinian Water Authority (PWA) and Germany

• Technical Advisor: World Bank

• Members:

– PA institutions: Environmental Quality Authority (EQA), Ministry of Local Government (MoLG), Ministry of Planning and Administrative Development (MoPAD), Ministry of Public Works and Housing (MoPWH), National Water Council (NWC)

– Donors: Austria, Office of the European Union Representative (EUREP), Finland, France, Japan, Sweden, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

• Observer: Office of the Quartet Representative

• Secretariat: Local Aid Coordination Secretariat (LACS)

INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY

• On 26 April 1995, the Palestinian Authority established the Palestinian Water Authority (PWA).

Role of the Palestinian Water Authority:

• The PWA was established by Decree 90/1995 and its powers and authorities according to Water Law No. 3 include the following:– To allocate water for beneficial uses.– To issue licenses and permits for the uses of water

resources.– To charge set fees for issuance of licenses and permits

as specified in the Water Law and regulations.– To assure optimal utilization of water resources for

public use.

PERFORMANCE MONITORINGPerformance monitoring is a PWA task done through a Performance Indicator Monitoring System.

Performance Indicators are:1.The average water tariff (NIS/m3)2.O & M cost (NIS)3.Operation cost unit (NIS)4.Operating Ratio 5.Collection Efficiency (%)6.Unaccounted for Water (%)7.Staff Productivity Index (SPI)8.Technical water losses per km of main pipes per month (m3)9.Average daily per capita consumption at domestic level (l/c/d)10.Drinking water quality - Test for residual chlorine (%)11.Drinking water quality - Test for feacal coliform (%)

Donor Coordination Mechanism

• Donor coordination is carried out with the support of the Local Aid Coordination Secretariat in the form of Water and Sanitation Sector Working Group which gather all donors in the sector on average once every quarter.

Major Challenges Facing the Water Sector: Political Situation, Israeli control of water resources to which

Palestinians lack access; The absence of clear strategy to direct funds in the water

sector; Capacity building activities do not properly target specific

needs in the sector; Lack of clear mechanisms to enforce rules as well as

overlapping and conflicts between relevant entities; Conditional funding in some instances; Inactivation of the National Water Council Since 2005; Lack of expertise and competencies; Lack of environmental awareness of water resources and of

wastewater; lack of academic and social awareness; Wastewater is not a priority of the water sector; Difficulty in achieving full cost recovery in the wastewater

sector; Absence of a clear strategy to manage the wastewater sector; Lack of awareness, on the political level, on wastewater

issues.

Major Challenges in the Provision of External Support to the Water Sector Political Situation and the conflict in the area; Increase on water demand against limited

resources; Brain drain of water sector expertise to other

sectors; Contaminates that threaten basins and other

water sources; Lack of self initiative and dependency on outside

financial assistance; Jewish settlements obstructing the construction of

wastewater treatment systems.

Areas of Uncertainty & Doubt in Programming:

Lessons learnt and avoidable errors: