EU Livestock subsidies' effect on red meat consumption · 2017. 3. 15. · Global Food Security (2)...
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EU Livestock subsidies' effect on red meat consumption Nutrition, Physical Activity & Cancer Prevention: Current Challenges, New Horizons September 13, 2010
Transcript of EU Livestock subsidies' effect on red meat consumption · 2017. 3. 15. · Global Food Security (2)...
EU Livestock subsidies' effect on red meat consumption
Nutrition, Physical Activity
& Cancer Prevention:
Current Challenges,
New Horizons
September 13, 2010
EPHAC (conflicts of interest)
• Brussels based alliance of public health organisations advocating for a healthier, more sustainable Common Agriculture Policy (CAP)
• Members: European Heart Network, European Public Health Alliance, EuroHealthNet, Heart of Mersey, National Heart Forum and North West Health Brussels Office
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Price, Production and Availability ->
• Price elasticity: meat highly price elastic
• Low meat prices->higher BMI
• Low-income households
–Are more sensitive to price changes
–Consume more processed + low-quality meat
->Increase in meat price would decrease meat consumption – But would it lead to equity?
CAP and nutrition
• Consensus CAP effects what we eat, but difficult to measure actual impact
• Subsidies can affect directly i.e. school milk program or indirectly “intervention stocks”
• What about livestock subsidies and red meat consumption?
Red meat consumption EU
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat Supply
EU - 27
Austria
Belgium
Bel-Lux
Bulgaria
CYPRUS
Czech Republic
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Source: FAOSTAT
Red meat consumption EU
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat Supply
Denmark
Bovine Meat
Meat, Other
Mutton & Goat Meat
Pigmeat
total red meat
Source: FAOSTAT
Red meat consumption EU
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat Consumption
United Kingdom
Bovine Meat
Meat, Other
Mutton & Goat Meat
Pigmeat
total red meat
Source: FAOSTAT
Red meat consumption EU
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat Consumption
Italy
Bovine Meat
Meat, Other
Mutton & Goat Meat
Pigmeat
total red meat
Source: FAOSTAT
Red meat consumption EU
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat Consumption
Luxembourg
Bovine Meat
Meat, Other
Mutton & Goat Meat
Pigmeat
total red meat
Source: FAOSTAT
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat SupplyWestern Europe
AUSTRIA
BEL-LUX
BELGIUM
LUXEMBOURG
FRANCE
GERMANY
THE NETHERLANDS
Source: FAOSTAT
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat Supply
UK and Ireland
IRELAND
UNITED KINGDOM
Source: FAOSTAT
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayTotal Red Meat
Scandinavia + Baltic
DENMARK
SWEDEN
FINLAND
ESTONIA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
Source: FAOSTAT
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayRed Meat Supply Mediterranean
CYPRUS
GREECE
ITALY
MALTA
PORTUGAL
SPAIN
Source: FAOSTAT
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
1
19
63
19
65
19
67
19
69
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
g/d
ayTotal Red Meat
CEE
CZECH REPUBLIC
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
SLOVAKIA
HUNGARY
POLAND
Source: FAOSTAT
0
50
100
150
200
250
3001
96
11
96
21
96
31
96
41
96
51
96
61
96
71
96
81
96
91
97
01
97
11
97
21
97
31
97
41
97
51
97
61
97
71
97
81
97
91
98
01
98
11
98
21
98
31
98
41
98
51
98
61
98
71
98
81
98
91
99
01
99
11
99
21
99
31
99
41
99
51
99
61
99
71
99
81
99
92
00
02
00
12
00
22
00
32
00
42
00
52
00
62
00
7
g/d
ayRed Meat SupplyNew Accession
BULGARIA
ROMANIA
SLOVENIA
Source: FAOSTAT
Qty Qty
Price Price
SupplySupply
Demand Demand
Supply
with
subsidy
Supply
with
subsidy
C C*
Pw + t
Pw
S C*S*
P
P*
C
Closed and open systems
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
19
80
19
81
19
82
19
83
19
84
19
85
19
86
19
87
19
88
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
% GDPbillion €
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
Export subsidies Market support Direct aidsDecoupled payments Rural development % of EU GDP
EU-10 EU-12 EU-15 EU-25 EU-27
CAP subsidies 1980 - 2007
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Indexed Consumer prices Meat
Belgium
Denmark
Germany (including ex-GDR from 1991)
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg (Grand-Duché)
Malta
Netherlands
OECD estimates of Agriculture support
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
19
86
19
87
19
88
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
OECD estimates of Agriculture supportConsumer Nominal Protection coefficient (NPC) red meat
Consumer NPC Beef
Consumer NPC Sheepmeat
Consumer NPC Pigmeat
CAP subsidies for livestock -> price, production and availability of red meat
• Complex interactions, no clear findings• Since reform in 2003, “decoupled” subsidies• Price volatility a factor• Poor translation of Farm gate prices to retail• World market and production costs• Animal feed subsidies• Research needed - To identify a clear link
between subsidies and food prices (theory –practice)
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Climate Change
• FAO livestock accounts for 18% of total greenhouse gas emissions
• Biodiversity loss and water scarcity• Methane 23-72 times more potent than
CO2• 1kg of intensively produced red meat =
–10 kg of animal feed–55,500 litres of water
Global Food Security (1)
• Global factors:
– Meat demand expected to double by 2050->increases global food production
– Meat demand in India and China increasing
– More meat production – more green-house gas emissions
->Is this sustainable
Global Food Security (2)
• EU factors:
– CAP supports mainly big agribusiness –intensive production systems
– EU export subsidies – dumping
– Import tariffs – no competition
– EU support of biofuels
->Deprive poor countries of their own resources – feeding our food
Converging agendas – sustainable diets
Global Food
Security
Climate Change
Chronic Disease
Less energy dense, more nutrient dense>Increased consumption of F/V, grains (whole), plant based diets.
Less dairy and meat, processed foods high in fat, sugar and salt.
Conclusions
• No clear relation between subsidies, price and consumption
• Subsidies favour intensive production systems
• Public policy – sustainable production and consumption
• Target subsidies, taxes and VAT
• Creating better links health, climate and agriculture
Food for thought - Reform or a radically different food system?
Moving from CAP to a Common Sustainable Food Policy ...
...this requires addressing how health, environment, infrastructure and agriculture can be better linked to encourage a healthier, more sustainable food system
...health and health equity as a prerequisite for sustainable growth
Thanks!
Special thanks to for Shana Dorr, Maastricht University for research
Any, questions comments etc., please send to:
Get involved:
www.arc2020.eu
