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![Page 1: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture
Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel
Erice August 19th 2007Richard Wilson
Harvard University
![Page 2: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Carbon dioxide concentrations are a global problem and should
be globally managed.
Preferably internationally, but if not, at the level of the US Federal Government or the
European Union.
![Page 3: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Politicians and economists have been slow to grasp that the
carbon cycle is NOT the same as the sulpur/nitrogen/particulate
cycle.
We must teach them to take advantage of the difference.
![Page 4: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Regulation and control is easier and more efficient the further upstream one goes.
For particulates we are limited to emissions control
For carbon we can go to the coal mine, oil well, gas field,
or port of entry.
Let us do so!
![Page 5: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Particulates, sulphates, nitrates, are pollutants to be
brought to zero
Carbon Dioxide is a substance to be managed
![Page 6: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
At best, present schemes are sector by sector control and
cannot transfer between sectors
Diffreence between carbon taxes and cap and trade schemes is
small compared with advantage of upstream control
![Page 7: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Regulation by a city (Boulder, CO)
or by a state (CA) or a country (in EU) is harder to regulate as far upstream as for USA or EU
EU or USA can set example for the world and hopefully UN
follows
![Page 8: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Control by emissions limitsor efficiency standards
or subsidy for non carbon fuelsis inherently “centrally planned”
Which do you trust the least?Wshington Politicians,
Sierra club Lawyers?Starry eyed scientists?
The market place?
![Page 9: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
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![Page 11: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
We argue: apply control, or tax when
carbon leaves the ground and enters the surface pool
NOT of CO2 emissions or mpgOnly a “few” places
oil wells, mines, ports etc Not the myriad of places which emit
There is talk of a gas tax.It should be a carbon tax
There should be no exceptions.
![Page 12: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
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![Page 14: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Erice meetings constantly urge a return to nuclear power.
The list of initiatives listed in 2006 Stern report - proposals or tokenism
Germany and now UK 20% renewable electricity:
wind 50% more expensive than coal or nuclear
![Page 15: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
But:German experience
( Birkhofer at Erice in 2005)Wind about 50% more expensive
that coalUS subsidy 2 cents per kwh
![Page 16: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Therefore we recommend that governments and international agencies treat all non carbon energy technologies on a par with each other with access to similar subsidies and benefits of removal of financial market barriers so that improved versions of all these technologies can rapidly be utilized for achieving stabilization of greenhouse gas emissions while meeting energy demand.
![Page 17: Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture Permanent Energy Monitoring Panel Erice August 19 th 2007 Richard Wilson Harvard University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070401/56649f1f5503460f94c37a45/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The European Union and the United States of America are both considering federal plans to
manage carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
The WFS recommend that this control be as far upstream in the carbon cycle as possible,
Viz:oilwell, coal mine, gas field, or port of entry.
This becomes possible, now that regulation is considered on a large geographical scale.