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Transcript of ETs Tirantes DSI
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Mechanical Anchors and Rebar Rock Bolts
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Introduction .................................................................................................................. 3
Mechanical Anchors ...................................................................................................... 4
Resin Rock Bolts ........................................................................................................... 6
SN-Anchors .................................................................................................................. 8
DYWIDAG THREADBAR........................................................................................... 11
Accessories ................................................................................................................ 12
Further Information ..................................................................................................... 13
Order Information SN-Anchors ................................................................................... 14
Contents
Introduction
Anchors and rock bolts, which are commonly assigned the general term rock bolts, are used for rock reinforcement in Mining and Tunneling. Rock bolts limit the loosening of blocks out of the rock mass and shear displacements. Furthermore, the frictional force between individual rock layers is increased.
Anchors with a variable anchor length enable pre-tensioning and thus an active force transmission.
GEWI Mining Anchors and Mechanical Anchors Type ALWAG are well-established systems with variable anchor lengths. The maximum load-bearing capacity of these mechanical anchors is mainly determined by the stability of the borehole, the amount of the pre-tensioning, and the design of the expansion shell.
Rock bolts such as SN-Anchors or the DYWIDAG THREADBAR are fully grouted over the whole length and are usually installed untensioned.
Generally, this does not apply to resin rock bolts, which can be actively pre-tensioned using resin cartridges with different curing times.
Which rock bolt system is the best one to use depends on a variety of factors, which have to be considered in each individual case. DYWIDAG-Systems International has longtime experience in the development, production and supply of mechanical anchors and rock bolts.
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Systematic anchoring in underground Mining and Tunneling
Doweling of rock layers in the hanging wall
Utility hangers
Simple handling and optimized installation time
Immediate loading-bearing capacity
Field-proven and reliable anchors
Unproblematic installation in aquiferous boreholes
Optimized ratio of anchor force vs. borehole diameter
Steel expansion shell
Anchor shaft Highly ductile GEWI anchor steel with continuous clock-wise coarse thread Individual delivery lengths upon agreement
Anchor plate Flat plate with conical through-hole
Anchor nut Constructed as one-sided convex hexagonal nut, self-locking nut, or domed nut
Continuous threaded anchor bars allow flexible length adjustments and posterior extension on site
Expansion sleeves are available for different borehole diameters
The GEWI Mining Anchor is approved for underground application by the Regional Government Arnsberg, Dep. 6 Mining and Energy in NRW, Germany
Mechanical Anchors
Fields of Application
Main Advantages
System Components GEWI Mining Anchors
Steel expansion shell Anchor shaft
Anchor nutAnchor plate
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Characeristics/Type Unit KS-145 KS-190 KS-220Nominal diameter [mm] 16.2 18 20Nominal weight [kg/m] 1.62 2.00 2.46
Nominal cross-section [mm2] 207 254 314Yield stress 1) [N/mm2] 450 670 500
Tensile stress 1) [N/mm2] 700 800 700Ultimate load 2) [kN] 145 190 220
Ultimate elongation A5 1) [%] 15 15 15Nut version 3) [] S, H K K
Borehole diameter 4) [mm] 34 - 36 44 - 47 44 - 47Approval file No. 5) [] 83.18.24.6-2004-9 62.18.24.6-2008-1 83.18.24-6-2001-9
1) Steel tendon2) Anchor system: anchor bar, plate, and nut3) H = hex nut, one-sided convex seat, S = stop nut, K = domed nut4) Standard version expansion shell5) Bezirksregierung Arnsberg, Abt. 6 Bergbau und Energie, NRW
Diameter [mm] 16Thread designation [] M18
Cross-sectional area [mm2] 200Yield strength 2) [N/mm2] 360
Ultimate strength 2) [N/mm2] 690Ultimate elongation A5 2) [%] 11
Ultimate load 3) [kN] 140Delivery lengths [mm] 500 - 6,000
1) Mechanical Anchors and expansion shells in other dimensions are available on request, all indicated values are nominal2) Round bar tendon3) Mechanical Anchors with cold-rolled thread, plate, washer, and nut
Drilling of an anchor borehole in accordance with the specifications, approx. 150 [mm] longer than the expansion shell anchor when installed
Introduction of the readily assembled expansion shell anchor into the borehole - the expansion shell shall fit tight into the borehole
Pre-tensioning via impact screw driver or adequate driver tool
Optional post grouting using a factory-fitted injection hose
Expansion shell Expansion shells in versions B38 and B43 available, appropriate for borehole diameters of 38 and 43 mm
Anchor bar Solid anchor bar, threaded on both ends Steel grade E360 according to EN 10025-2
Plate Standard version: domed plate with round hole
Nut and washer Spherical washers and driver tools available on request
Other dimensions, steel grades, and galvanized versions are available on request
Mechanical Anchors
Specifications GEWI Mining Anchors
Specifications Mechanical Anchors Type ALWAG 1) Installation Procedure
System Components Mechanical Anchors Type ALWAG
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Resin Rock Bolts
Systematic rock bolting in underground Mining
Increase of the load-bearing capacity of the rock mass, especially in coal Mining
Standard application for use in combination with DYWIDAG resin cartridges
Rock bolt shaft Mining steel Optimized thread profile for combined use with resin cartridges Pointed, with one-sided cold-rolled thread
Plate Domed plate, alternative compatible versions available on request
Nut Standard version with DYWIDAG drive nut (shear pin nut) DYWIDAG OZ-Nut available on request Installation spanners available on request
Adaptable rock bolt system - installation in jointed or soft rock
Standardized and field-proven rock bolts
Resistant against blasting vibrations
High bolting forces at short bond lengths
Fields of Application System ComponentsMain Advantages
Specifications
No. Characteristics/Type 1) Symbol Unit MN16-130 MN18-210 MN20-230 MN25-3601 Nominal diameter Da.nom [mm] 16 18 20 252 Thread [mm] M18 M20 M22 M273 Nominal cross-section anchor bar 2) S0 [mm2] 210 316 329 4684 Nominal weight anchor bar 3) m [kg/m] 1.67 2.14 2.58 3.675 Yield stress anchor bar 4) Feh.nom [kN] 105 158 164 2346 Yield load anchor bar 4) Fm.s.nom [kN] 134 202 240 3417 Tensile stress anchor bar 5) Reh.nom [N/mm2] 500 500 500 5008 Ultimate tensile load anchor bar 5) Rm.s.nom [N/mm2] 640 640 730 7309 Ultimate elongation anchor bar 5) Agt [%] 10 10 10 10
10 Ultimate load anchor system 6) Fm.A.nom [kN] 130 210 230 36011 Wrench size nut SW [mm] 27 30 32 4112 Delivery lengths 7) L [mm] 600 - 1,600 600 - 1,600 600 - 2,400 600 - 2,400
1) Status: 2012-06, note: all values are subject to change; other dimensions and steel grades available on request2) Calculated from the nominal weight: S0 = 106 x m / 7,850 [kg/m3]3) Characteristic fractile value4) Calculated from the characteristic load value and nominal weight, rounded5) Mining steel type DD-BAR, modulus of elasticity: 205,000 [N/mm2]6) Nominal value ultimate system load: anchor head with cold-rolled thread, plate, and nut7) Off-size lengths are available on request
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Resin Rock Bolts
Reliable indication for a correctly installed resin rock bolt
Assembly between nut and bolt plate
Available for all resin rock bolt types
Borehole drilling Manual or automated insertion of the resin cartridges Rotary installation of the resin anchor until the installation depth has been reached activation of the resin cartridge by mixing the components
Holding time is to be adjusted to the applied synthetic resin cartridges or valid installation instructions Tensioning of the bolts head by tightening the nut
Corrosion protection of system components may be provided by hot dip galvanizing or alternative coatings
Torque Indicators
Installation Procedure
Corrosion Protection
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SN-Anchors
Fields of Application
Field-proven rock bolt system
Effective and standardized installation
Embedding of the tension member in grout guarantees optimal bond strength
Low sensitivity concerning the actual diameter of the anchor borehole
ALWAGRIP special rib geometry for optimized bond strength available on request
Rock bolt shaft Reinforcement steel B 500 B according to DIN 488, B 550 B according to NORM B 4707 or rock bolt steel FA 650/820 Sharpened, with cold-rolled thread at the far end, including nut and washer Standard thread length approximately 120 [mm], maximum thread length 200 [mm] available on request Special ALWAGRIP rib geometry for increased bond available upon recommendation
Plate Default bolt plate: domed, with long hole Other bolt plates in different dimensions available on request
Waher and nut Rock bolt head version with hemispherical washer available on request Optional free bolt length using a shrink tube
Main Advantages
System Components
Rock bolt shaft
PlateWasher and nut
Standard rock bolt head with plain washer and nut
Rock bolt head with hemispherical washer, plain washer, and nut
SN-Anchors, also known as mortar embedded concrete reinforcement steel anchors or Store-Norfors-Anchors (named after the first place of installation), are used for rock reinforcement in underground Mining and Tunneling.
The DYWIDAG THREADBAR is mainly used for special underground bolting works as well as for underpinnings or as utility hanger.
For special requirements in Tunneling, especially rock reinforcement in squeezing ground and large displacements directly after bolt installation, DSI also offers SN-Anchors with ALWAGRIP special rib geometry for an increased load-bearing capacity.
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SN-Anchors
Borehole drilling
Filling of the boreholes with mortar
Manual insertion of SN-Anchors into the pre-filled boreholes, fixation in the borehole using a wedge or similar device
Curing time is to be adjusted to the applied grout or valid installation instructions
Tensioning of the bolts head by tightening the nut
Installation procedure
Specifications SN-Anchors
Compatible domed plates
No. Characteristics/Type 1) Symbol Unit SN20-180 SN25-250 SN25-330 SN28-3301 Nominal diameter Da.nom [mm] 20 25 25 282 Thread [mm] M21 M26 M26 M303 Nominal cross-section anchor bar 2) S0 [mm2] 315 490 490 6154 Nominal weight anchor bar 3) m [kg/m] 2.47 3.85 3.85 4.835 Yield stress anchor bar 4) Feh.nom [kN] 173 245 319 3086 Yield load anchor bar 4) Fm.s.nom [kN] 190 260 340 3307 Tensile stress anchor bar 5) Reh.nom [N/mm2] 550 500 650 5008 Ultimate tensile load anchor bar 6) Rm.s.nom [N/mm2] 594 540 820 5409 Ultimate elongation anchor bar 5) Agt [%] 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
10 Ultimate load anchor system 7) Fm.A.nom [kN] 180 250 330 33011 Wrench size nut SW [mm] 36 41 41 4612 Delivery lengths 8) L [mm] 1,000 - 12,000 1,000 - 12,000 1,000 - 12,000 1,000 - 12,000
1) Status: 2012-06, note: all values are subject to change; other dimensions and steel grades available on request2) Calculated from the nominal weight: S0 = 106 x m / 7,850 [kg/m3]3) Characteristic fractile value4) Calculated from the characteristic load value and nominal weight, rounded5) Reinforcement steel B 500 B according to DIN 488, B 550 B according to NORM B 4707 or rock bolt steel FA 650/820, modulus of elasticity: 205,000 [N/mm2]6) Calculated from the ratio Rm/Reh or according to manufacturer specifications7) Nominal value ultimate system load: anchor head with cold-rolled thread, plate, washer, and nut8) Off-size lengths are available on request
Characteristics/Type Symbol Unit SN20-180 SN25-250 SN25-330 SN28-330Length L [mm] 150 200 200 200
Wall thickness s [mm] 8 10 12 12Height H [mm] 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5
Width center boring D1 [mm] 23 28 28 32Length center boring D2 [mm] 28 38 38 42
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0
250
200
150
100
50
0 25 50 75 100
SN-Anchors
According to the guideline RVS 8T, Federal Minstry for Transport, Innovation and Technology, Austria
Installation Procedure
The rib geometry of conventional SN-Anchors is in accordance with the regulations of concrete steel reinforcement
Ground deformations in Tunneling usually occur immediately after the installation of SN-Anchors, which is why the requirements for bond strength development differs from reinforced concrete construction
Development of ALWAGRIP special rib geometry in accordance with the requirements for SN-Anchors in Tunneling, especially in squeezing ground conditions
Obtained rib area between 0.02 and 0.04 (cf. RVS 8T, Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology, Austria)
Material characteristics of SN-Anchors with ALWAGRIP special rib geometry are considerably better than for similar anchors and rock bolts with concrete reinforcement ribbing
The advantages of using a steel grade with higher yield strength are observable after a curing time of 24 hours
Examination of the inner bond between two different anchor steel types depending on curing time
Results of pull-out tests after 12 hours curing time, bond length 500 [mm]
ALWAGRIP Special Rib Geometry
Pul
l for
ce [k
N]
Displacement [mm]
Rock bolt steel 25 mm FA 650/820 with ALWAGRIP special rib geometryconcrete rib steel 25 mm B 500 B
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SN-Anchors
Optimized ratio of anchor force to borehole diameter
Continuous threaded bar allows length adjustment and subsequent on-site extension
Wear-resistant coarse thread according to the requirements in underground construction
GEWI bar With right or left hand coarse thread Optional extension using couplings
Plate Domed or flat
Nut Domed or hexagonal version Eye bolts available on request
Double corrosion-protected construction and free length systems with jacket tube available upon request
Main Advantages
System Components
DYWIDAG THREADBAR
Specifications
TypeNominal diameter
[mm]Cross-sectional
area [mm2]Yield strength
[N/mm2]Tensile strength
[N/mm2]Yield load
[kN]Ultimate load
[kN]
GEWI - left-hand thread
16 201 500 550 101 11120 314 500 550 157 17325 491 500 550 246 27028 616 500 550 308 33932 804 500 550 402 44240 1,257 500 550 628 69150 1,963 500 550 982 1,080
GEWI Plus - right-hand
thread
18 254 670 800 170 20422 380 670 800 255 30425 491 670 800 329 39328 616 670 800 413 49330 707 670 800 474 56535 962 670 800 645 77043 1,452 670 800 973 1,162
57.5 2,597 670 800 1,740 2,077
Nut Plate
GEWI bar
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Accessories
Standard version: domed or flat plate
Steel grade S235 according to EN 10025-1
Custom-specific lugs for domed plates
Special plates are available upon request
Plates
Length [mm]
Width [mm]
Wall thickness [mm]
Version 1)
150 150 8 C / W150 150 10 C / W180 180 8 C / W200 200 10 C / W200 200 12 C / W250 250 12 W
1) C ... cold formed calotte with oval breakout (long hole); W ... warm formed calotte with round breakout (round hole)
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Accessories
Cable and bar truss systems
Domed ball washers
Sliding nuts for anchors and rock bolts
Angle compensation discs and plates
Roof trusses and underpinnings
Load indicators
Spacers
Dollies and spanners
System components in galvanized or duplex-coated versions
Mortar-Mixing pump and injection adaptors
Pull testing equipment for all types of anchors and rock bolts
Custom-specific accessories available upon request
Further References
DIN 21521
DSIs installation guidelines for anchors and rock bolts
DIN 21521-1,2: Rock bolts for mining and tunnelling
EN 14490: Implementation of works in foundation engineering soil nailing
Federal Ministry of Transportation, Innovation and Technology (Ed.): Guidelines and regulations for road building: RVS 8T Technical contract conditions tunneling. 2004-08
Payer, M., Maydl, P.: Inspection report Pull-out tests of SN-Anchors. Order-No.: 77.645/08, Test date: 2008-04-22 - 2008-06-13. Technical Examination and Research Center for stability and material tests, Technical University of Graz. Graz, 2008
Schubert, W. (Ed.): Recommendation Fully mortared rock bolts (SN-Anchors) Special Rib Geometry and requirements for the mortar; Institute of Rock Mechanics and Tunnelling; Graz, 1997-07
Blmel, M.: Bearing load of rock bolts in squeezing rock mass, Proceedings ISRM International Symposium EUROCK 96 Turin, Balkema Rotterdam, 1996
Blmel, M.; Schweiger, H.F.; Golser, H.: Effect of Rib Geometry on the Mechanical Behaviour of Grouted Rock Bolts, World Tunnel Congress 97, 23rd General Assembly of the International Tunnelling Ass., Vienna, 1997
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Order Information SN-Anchors
Article description Article No.SN-Anchor SN20-180, L = 2,000 [mm] 201310181020SN-Anchor SN20-180, L = 3,000 [mm] 201310181030SN-Anchor SN20-180, L = 4,000 [mm] 201310181040SN-Anchor SN20-180, L = 6,000 [mm] 201310181060SN-Anchor SN20-180, L = 8,000 [mm] 201310181080SN-Anchor Domed plate SN20, 150x150x08-023 [mm] 201340012008SN-Anchor Domed plate SN20, 200x200x10-023 [mm] 201340013010SN-Anchor Nut M21, SW 36 [mm] 201320011036SN-Anchor Coupling M21-M21 201330011000SN-Anchor Hemispherical washer M21, d. 23 [mm] 201350010000SN-Anchor SN25-250, L = 2,000 [mm] 201910251020SN-Anchor SN25-250, L = 3,000 [mm] 201910251030SN-Anchor SN25-250, L = 4,000 [mm] 201910251040SN-Anchor SN25-250, L = 6,000 [mm] 201910251060SN-Anchor SN25-250, L = 8,000 [mm] 201910251080SN-Anchor SN25-330, L = 2,000 [mm], ALWAGRIP 201910332020SN-Anchor SN25-330, L = 3,000 [mm], ALWAGRIP 201910332030SN-Anchor SN25-330, L = 4,000 [mm], ALWAGRIP 201910332040SN-Anchor SN25-330, L = 6,000 [mm], ALWAGRIP 201910332060SN-Anchor SN25-330, L = 8,000 [mm], ALWAGRIP 201910332080SN-Anchor Nut M26, SW 41 [mm] 201920011041SN-Anchor Coupling M26-M26, L = 90 [mm] 201930011000SN-Anchor Hemispherical washer M26, d. 26 [mm] 201950010000SN-Anchor Domed plate SN25, 150x150x08-028 [mm] 201940012008SN-Anchor Domed plate SN25, 150x150x10-028 [mm] 201940012010SN-Anchor Domed plate SN25, 200x200x10-028 [mm] 201940013010SN-Anchor Domed plate SN25, 200x200x12-028 [mm] 201940013012SN-Anchor SN28-330, L = 2,000 [mm] 202110331020SN-Anchor SN28-330, L = 3,000 [mm] 202110331030SN-Anchor SN28-330, L = 4,000 [mm] 202110331040SN-Anchor SN28-330, L = 6,000 [mm] 202110331060SN-Anchor SN28-330, L = 8,000 [mm] 202110331080SN-Anchor Nut M30, SW 46 [mm] 202120011046SN-Anchor Coupling M30-M30 202130011000SN-Anchor Hemispherical washer M30, d. 30 [mm] 202150010000SN-Anchor Domed plate SN28, 200x200x10-032 [mm] 202140013010SN-Anchor Domed plate SN28, 200x200x12-032 [mm] 202140013012
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Please note: This brochure serves basic information purposes only. Technical data and information provided herein shall be considered non-binding and may be subject to change without notice. We do not assume any liabilityfor losses or damages attributed to the use of this technical data and any improper use of our products. Should you require further information on particular products, please do not hesitate to contact us.
"ALWAG" (AM 952/79), "AT" (AM 6138/2003), "AT-SYSTEM (AM 6139/2003), "DYWI" (4197869), "LSC" (AM 4326/2008), "OMEGA-BOLT" (3258282), "POWER SET" (AM 6163/2002), and "TUBESPILE" (AM 4328/2008) are registered trademarks of DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH."Combi Coat" and "CT-Bolt" are trademarks of Vik rsta AS.DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH is a partner of Vik rsta AS.
DSI AustriaDYWIDAG-Systems International GmbHAlfred-Wagner-Strasse 14061 Pasching/Linz, AustriaPhone +43-7229-610 49 0Fax +43-7229-610 49 80 E-mail [email protected]
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