Ethnic Groups in the

References:

BookSociety and Culture: Introduction to Sociology and Anthropology Isabel S. Panopio, Realedad Santico Rolda, Quezon City: JMC Press, 2000

Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_the_Philippineshttp://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/ Copyright 2011.Ethnic Groups Philippineshttp://www.everyculture.com/wc/Norway-to-Russia/Ilocanos.html#ixzz3E3TxQgXRhttp://www.ilocanopeople.com/history-of-ilocanos

To define the words Ethnic groups, and tribe.To explain the difference between tribe and ethnic group.To be able to present the different ethnic groups in the Philippines and show their Language, Religion and their Location.

Objectives

Ethnic groupsGroups of people occupying a common territory, having the same cultural heritage, a language of their own, and a common ancestry. (Panopio, Rolda 2000)Is a type of community, with a specific sense of solidarity and honor, and a set of shared symbols and values. (Smith 1980-65)Definition of terms

Ethnic groupsAnethnicity, orethnic group, is a socially-definedcategory of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural, or national experience. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group)

A community or population made up of people who share a common cultural background or descent (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/ethnic-group)

Definition of terms

A social group sharing the same characteristics as the ethnic group and enjoys political autonomy. (Panopio, Rolda 2000)A social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/tribe)

Tribe cannot be used to refer an ethnic group as the concept cannot be applicable to any Philippine cultural group. All groups are under the jurisdiction of the Philippine government and subject to compliance with the Philippine constitution.

Ethnic groups in LuzonThis chart shows the different ethnic groups and their religion.

ChristianMuslimPaganismIlocanosPangasinenseKapampangansTagalogsBicolanosIgorotIbanagGaddangKagayanenMolbogIvatanSambalBatakTagbanwasTaut bato

AetaIgorotMangyansMolbogBugkalot/ Ilongot

The word "Ilocano" came from the word "Iloco" or "Yloco."i" 'from', and "looc" 'bayIlocandia is the term given to the traditional homeland of the Ilocano people. From the original western strip of Northern Luzon, Ilocandia has spread throughout theCagayan Valleyand some parts ofCentral Luzon.Christian Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionMost Ilocanos areRoman Catholics, while a significant numberbelong to theAglipayan Church, which originated inIlocos Norte.

LocationThe four provinces of the Ilocano homeland (Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, and landlocked Abra) stretch from Cape Bojeador at the northwestern tip of Luzon down to the Gulf of Lingayen. Most of the population is concentrated along a narrow coastal plain that has only a few good harbors. This environment is harsh, forcing Ilocanos to be hard-working and thrifty. Many Ilocanos have left their homeland to seek employment elsewhere.

Ilocanos speak theIlokano language(also called Iloko). They also speakCebuano(in Mindanao),Tagalog, andEnglishas second languages.The Ilocano dialect is related to the languages Indonesian, Malay, Fijian, Maori, Hawaiian, Malagasy, Samoan, Tahitian, Chamorro, Tetum and Paiwan. Today, the Ilocano dialect is the third most spoken language in the Philippines. (http://www.ilocanopeople.com/history-of-ilocanos/)

ThePangasinan(Pangasinan:Totoon Pangasinan) are the eighth largestFilipino ethnolinguistic group. They are the residents or indigenous peoplesof theProvince of Pangasinan. The term Pangasinan can also refer to theindigenousspeakers of thePangasinan language, or people of Pangasinan heritage.The namePangasinanmeans "land of salt" or "place of salt-making"; it is derived fromasin, the word for salt. The Pangasinan people are also calledtaga-Pangasinan, which means "from Pangasinan".Ethnic groups in LuzonThe Bangus festival

LanguageReligionThe religion of the people of Pangasinan is predominantlyChristianand mostlyRoman Catholicfollowed byIglesia Ni Cristo, although few are strict believers and continue to practice their indigenousanitobeliefs and rituals, like most of the people of the Philippines.LocationPangasinan is located on the west central area of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Pangasinan bordersLa UnionandBenguetto the north,Nueva VizcayaandNueva Ecijato the east, andZambalesandTarlacto the south. To the west of Pangasinan is theSouth China Sea. The province also encloses theLingayen Gulf.

The Pangasinan language belongs to theMalayo-Polynesian languagesbranch of theAustronesian languagesfamily. Pangasinan is similar to the Tagalog and Ilocano languages that are spoken in thePhilippines,IndonesianinIndonesia,MalayinMalaysia, andMalagasyinMadagascar.The Pangasinan language is very closely related to theIbaloilanguage spoken in the neighboring province ofBenguetandBaguio City, located north of Pangasinan. Pangasinan is classified under the Pangasinic group of languages.Pangasinan is spoken primarily in the provinces ofPangasinanandBenguet, and in some areas of the neighboring provinces of Zambales,Tarlac,Nueva Ecija,Aurora,Nueva Vizcaya, andIfugao.

TheKapampangansare anAustronesian peoplenative to and the sixth largestethnic groupin thePhilippines.The wordKapampanganis derived from the rootwordpampngwhich means "river bank.

Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionKapampangans are mostlyChristians, a majority of which areRoman Catholics,Methodists,Iglesia ni Cristoand members of variousProtestantdenominations and therestorationistThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints(LDS Church). LocationTheprovinceofPampangais traditional homeland of the Kapampangans. Once occupying a vast stretch of land that extended fromTondo[1]to the rest ofCentral Luzon, huge chunks of territories were carved out of Pampanga so as to create the provinces of Bulacan, Bataan, Nueva Ecija, Aurora and Tarlac.[2]As a result, Kapampangans now populate a region that extends beyond the political boundaries of the small province of Pampanga.

Kapampangan, thePampango language(Kulitan script:), is one of the majorlanguages of the Philippines. It is the language spoken in the province ofPampanga, the southern half of the province ofTarlacand the northern portion of the province ofBataan. Kapampangan is also understood in somebarangaysofBulacanandNueva Ecijaand by theAitasor Aeta ofZambales. The language is also calledPampango, and honorifically in the Kapampangan language:Amnung Ssuan, meaning "breastfed language".

TheTagalog peopleare a majorethnic groupin the Philippines.The name Tagalog comes from either the native termtag-ilog, meaning 'people living along theriver', or another native term,tag-alog, meaning 'people living along theford' (the prefixtaga-meaning "coming from" or "native of").

Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionThe principal religion of Tagalogs isChristianity, mainlyRoman Catholicismwith a minority practicingIslam, concentrated in the Quiapo district of Manila.LocationTagalogsform a majority inMetro Manila and the provinces ofAurora,Bataan,Batangas,Cavite,Bulacan,Laguna,Marinduque,Nueva Ecija,Occidental Mindoro,Oriental Mindoro,Quezon,RizalandZambales. Other provinces with some significant Tagalog populations include the provinces ofPalawan,Nueva Vizcaya,Camarines Norteand Camarines Sur.

Tagalogs speak theTagalog language, with many dialectal variations, although all Tagalog dialects are considered to be mutually comprehensible to each other.

TheBicolanosare the fifth-largestFilipino ethnolinguistic group.

Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionThe region retains Roman Catholicism as the overwhelming religion of the great majority. The Catholic religion has the highest number of followers than any other area in the Philippines.LocationTheBicol Region(Filipino:Kabikulan;Spanish:Bicolandia) is one of the 17Regionsof thePhilippines, designated asRegion V. Bicol (also spelledBikol) is comprised of fourprovincesin theBicol Peninsula: the southeastern end ofLuzonisland, and two island-provinces adjacent to the peninsula, namely:Albay,Camarines Norte,Camarines Sur,Catanduanes,MasbateandSorsogon.[2]The regional capital, political/administrative center, and largest city isLegazpi City.[3][4]Legazpi City is also considered as the center of tourism, education, health services, commerce[5]and transportation[6]in the Bicol Region.The people of the Bicol region, called Bicolanos, speak any of the several languages of the Bikol macrolanguage, also called Bikolano, an Austronesian language closely related to other Central Philippine languages such as Cebuano and Tagalog. Bicol languages include the Inland Bikol of Bikol-Rinconada (Rinconada area), Bikol-Albay (Buhi, Cam. Sur; Libon, Oas, Daraga, Albay and Donsol, Sorsogon), Bikol-Pandan (Northern Catanduanes). Standard Bikol is based from the coastal Bikol language of the dialect of Legazpi City and is understood widely throughout the region even though they cannot speak it fluently. The Bikol macrolanguage is the dominant language of the region. The Filipino language (Tagalog) is also spoken in northern parts of Camarines Norte as well as in the municipality of Del Gallego, Camarines Sur. Two Visayan languages, Sorsoganon and Masbateo or Minasbate, are spoken in Masbate and Sorsogon; they are collectively referred to as Bisakol.

Igorot, orCordillerans, is the collective name of severalAustronesianethnic groups inThe Philippines.The word "Igorot" is anexonym, derived from the archaicTagalogterm for "mountain people" (formed from the prefixi-, "dweller of" andgolot, "mountain range"). During theSpanish colonial era, the term was variously recorded asIgolot,Ygolot, andIgorrote, compliant to Spanish orthography.

Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionFor the Sagada Igorot/Sagadans the spirits of their deceased ancestors (anitos) make up the most important category of supernatural. Great emphasis is put on death ceremonies to ensure the future welfare of the soul in the "house of anitos." Full ceremonial rites, which include the initial placement of a corpse in a death chair and coffin burial in ancestral caves or stone-lined mausoleums underground, are performed for deceased married persons only. There is a lengthy mourning period, which is slowly terminated by a series of animal sacrifices. Sagadans bury infants and young children in clay jars beside the house, without prayer or special ceremony.People consider the old to be the keepers of customs and performers of rituals essential to the continuance of Sagadan society. Consequently elders assume a greater status when they die, that of anito ancestors, in which they continue to look after the welfare of their descendants and to protest against neglect by sending illness and other disasters.Their languages belong to the northernLuzonsubgroup of the Philippine languages, which belong to the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) family.

LocationThese highland peoples inhabit the six provinces of theCordillera Administrative Region: Abra,Apayao,Benguet, Kalinga, Ifugao, andMountain Province, as well as Baguio City.

The ibanags are one of the largest ethnolinguistic minorities in thePhilippines.Ibanag is also known as "Ybanag" and "Ybanak" or "Ibanak".Ibanags often distinguish themselves by the color of their elbows. "Kunnasi kangisi' na sikum", meaning "How dark is your elbow". Often it is joked upon by Ibanags that their elbows tend to be of darker complexion than the rest of the Filipinos. In addition to this, Ibanags tend to be taller in stock and have a peculiar height on the bridge of their noses.Their names come from the words "I"- which means "The" and "Bannag"- meaning river.

Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionReligion Because of this historical background, authorities in Ibanag, like Msgr. Domingo P. Mallo, claim that Ibanags are predominantly Catholic. If there are any exceptions, they are too insignificant to merit attention. There is a tendency to hand down their religion to -their children as a matter of course rather than a matter of conviction. " Yawy neyanakammi. We are born in this religion." In fact; to turn away from this "inherited' religion is deemed disastrous.Locationinhabit the provinces ofCagayan,IsabelaandNueva Vizcaya.

The Ibanag language (also Ybanag) is spoken by about 500,000 speakers in two of the northeasternmost provinces of the Philippines, Isabela and Cagayan, especially inTuguegarao City,Solana,Cabagan,San Pablo, Isabela, Tumauini, Isabela, Sta. Maria, Isabela, Sto. Tomas IsabelaIlagan,Gamu,NaguilianandReina Mercedes. There are also several speakers of the Ibanag language inAbulug,Aparri,Camalaniugan,Lal-loandTuao. Most of the speakers can speak Ilocano, thelingua francaofNorthern Luzon, as well. Ibanag is derived from bannag 'river' . It is closely related to Gaddang, Itawis, Agta, Atta, Yogad, Isneg and Malaweg.

TheGaddang peopleare a linguistically identifiedethnic groupof related families sharing lengthy residence in the watershed of theCagayan RiverinNorthern Luzon,Philippines.The word "Gaddang" comes from the wordgameaning "heat" anddangmeaning "burned"; this likely alludes to the fact that the Gaddang are generally darker of skin than otherCordillerapeople.

Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionNanolayis considered as both the creator of all things and a culture hero for the non-Christian upland Gaddang. Other gods include Dasal, to whom the epic warriors Biwag and Malana prayed for strength and courage before going off to their final battle. The fathers of the two heroes were Bunag, the god of the earth, and Limat, the god of the sea.Christianized Gaddang basically adhere to Christian norms of worship and ritual and no longer practice the rites of anitu. Pre-Christian undercurrents, however, continue to run in Christian devotions. The belief in God, for example, closely parallels the concept of Nanolay as the all-benevolent creator. The intercession of gods and spirits have been replaced by the veneration and appeal to saints. Particularly potent beings among the Gaddang are the BlessedVirgin Mary(as illustrated by her role in subduing the serpent of La Torre) and San Luis Beltran, patron saint of Solano,Nueva Vizcaya.

Most Gaddang speakers also speakIlocano, the lingua franca of Northern Luzon, as well asTagalogandEnglish.The Gaddang language is related to Ibanag, Itawis, Malaueg and others. It is distinct in that it featuresphonemesnot present in many neighboringPhilippine languages. As an example the "f","v","z" and "j" sounds appear in Gaddang. There are notable differences from other languages in the distinction between "r" and "l", and the "f" sound is somewhat distinct from the "p" sound common in most Philippine languages. Finally, the (Spanish) minimally-voiced "J" sound has evolved to a plosive (so the name "Joseph" sounds to the American ear as "Kosip").

LocationTheGaddang(also known as Gadan, Ga'dang, Gaddanes, Iraya, Pagan Gaddang, Yrraya) live in the Northeastern Luzon island, especially in the southern portion of theCagayan Valley.

TheAeta(Ayta, pronouncedEYE-t), orAgta, are anindigenous peoplewho live in scattered, isolated mountainous parts of the island ofLuzon, thePhilippines.These peoples are considered to beNegritos, whose skin ranges from dark to very dark brown, and possessing features such as a small stature and frame; hair of a curly to kinky texture and a higher frequency of naturally lighter colour (blondism) relative to the general population; small nose; and dark brown eyes. They are thought to be among the earliest inhabitants of the Philippines, preceding theAustronesianmigrations.

Pagan Ethnic groups in Luzon

LanguageReligionThere are different views on the dominant character of the Aeta religion. Those who believe they aremonotheisticargue that various Aeta tribes believe in a supreme being who rules over lesser spirits or deities, with theAeta of Mt. Pinatuboworshipping "Apo Na". The Aetas are alsoanimists. For example, the Pinatubo Aeta believe in environmental spirits such as anito and kamana. They believe that good and evil spirits inhabit the environment, such as the spirits of the river, sea, sky, mountain, hill, valley and other places.No special occasion is needed for the Aeta topray, although there is a clear link between prayer andeconomicactivities. The Aeta dance before and after apighunt. The night before Aeta women gathershellfish, they perform a dance which is partly an apology to the fish and partly a charm to ensure the catch. Similarly, the men hold abeedance before and after the expeditions forhoney.Today, a large percentage of Agtas/Aetas of Zambales and Pampanga areEvangelicals.Jehovah's Witnessesalso have members of the Aeta people. (See 1993 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses)

All Aeta communities have adopted thelanguage of their Austronesian Filipino neighbors, which have sometimes diverged over time to become different languages.These include, in order of number of speakers,Mag-indi,Mag-antsi,Abellen,Ambala, andMariveleo.LocationAetas are scattered throughout the archipelago. The names given to them vary, depending upon their geographical location.In Zambales, they are known as Pinatubo Ayta; in Palanan Isabela, they are referred to as Dumagat and Agta; in Tanay, they are called Remontados; in the south, they are the Mamanwa.

Ethnic groups in LuzonTalingay tribal

Muslim Ethnic groups in Luzon

Muslim Ethnic groups in Luzon

Muslim Ethnic groups in Luzon

Muslim Ethnic groups in Luzon

Muslim Ethnic groups in Luzon

Ethnic groups in Visayas

ChristianMuslimPaganismCebuanoIlongoWaray-warayRomblomanonKinaray- a AklanonMasbatenyoTausugCuyonon of palawan

LanguageTheCebuano languageis spoken by about 25,000,000 people in the country and forms the largest of theVisayan languages. Most speakers of Cebuano are found in Cebu, Bohol, Siquijor, Biliran, Western and Southern Leyte, eastern Negros and most of northernMindanao.

TheCebuano people(Cebuano:Sugbuanon) are aVisayanethnic groupinCebuand form the second largest cultural-linguistic group in thePhilippines.

Christian Ethnic groups in Luzon

ReligionLocationThe province of Cebu

The Cebuano people were among the first native inhabitants of the Philippine Archipelago to encounter Europeans and the first to be baptized asRoman Catholicby the Portuguese explorers and Spanish conquistadores.Majority of Cebuanos are Catholic with a small number of them having different religions such as Muslim and Iglesia ni Kristo.

LanguageTheHiligaynon languageis part of theVisaya (Bisaya)family of languages in the central islands of the Philippines, and is particular to the Hiligaynon people. Ultimately, it is aMalayo-Polynesian languagelike many other languages spoken by Filipino ethnic groups, as well as languages in neighboring states such asIndonesiaandMalaysia. This language is marked by its song-like intonation in speech, while also having a more prevalent "l" sound than "r" sound.

TheHiligaynon, often referred to asIlonggo,are aVisayanethnic group indigenous to the large eastern coastal plain ofPanayIsland.

The term "Hiligaynon" is derived from the Spanish term "Yliguenes", which is then derived from the Hiligaynon word "Iligan" or "Iliganon". From here are two divergent proposals of origin for the word. The first proposal puts forth that Iligan or "Iliganon" refers to a river, or literally "where the water flows down", and the Spanish were likely to have made this connection to the indigenous residents of Panay, who resided at the river mouth and were thus discovered easily by the Spanish. The second proposal puts forth that "Iligan" or "Iliganon" is derived from "manog-ilig sang kawayan", a phrase that describes bamboo poles that Panay men would float downriver in order to sell the poles. This activity becomes mistaken by the Spanish as the name of the indigenous residents. The term "Ilonggo" is derived from the Spanish term "irong-irong", referring to the Filipino word for nose ("ilong") and an islet in the Batiano River in Panay.

Christian Ethnic groups in Luzon

ReligionLocationHiligaynon form the majority in the provinces ofIloilo,Negros Occidental,Guimaras,Capiz,South Cotabato, andSultan Kudarat.

Most Hiligaynon areChristians, with a majority of these Christians beingRoman Catholics. There are also smaller populations of Hiligaynon who areAglipayan,Protestant, andMuslim.

LanguageThe Waray people speak theWaray-Waray language, a major Visayan language. They also speakCebuanoas their second language. Some people who are of Waray descent also speak Waray-Waray as their second or third language, especially among emigrants to Metro Manila, other parts of the Philippines and in other parts of the world. Other notable foreign languages spoken includeEnglish,Spanish,ChineseandJapanesewhich is spoken by its community and among others.

TheWarayare an ethno-liguistic group of people geographically inhabiting theEastern Visayasregion of thePhilippines.

Christian Ethnic groups in Luzon

ReligionLocationinhabiting in the islands of Samar, Leyte and Biliran - commonly referred to as theEastern Visayasregion of thePhilippines.The Waray people are one of the most religious people in the Philippines. Most of them belong toRoman Catholicism, while others have been converted to various Christian denominations/groups, and still a small percentage of the population practice other religion (sometimes alongside Catholicism) such as Buddhism for a few Chinese descendants in the area.

LanguageRomblomanonis aVisayan languagespoken, along with theAsiandOnhan languages, in the province ofRomblonin thePhilippines. The language is also called Ini, Tiyad Ini, Basi, Niromblon, Sibuyanon, and Bisaya.

TheRomblomanonpeople are the indigenous inhabitants ofRomblonprovince. They are part of the widerVisayanethnolinguistic group, who constitute the largestFilipino ethnolinguistic group.Christian Ethnic groups in Luzon

ReligionLocationRomblon and Sibuyan Islands, northeast of Tablas Island (San Agustin), north of Panay.

The Romblomanon people are one of the most religious people in the Philippines. Most of them belong toRoman Catholicism, while others have been converted to various Christian denominations/groups, and still a small percentage of the population practice other religion (sometimes alongside Catholicism) such as Buddhism.

LanguageTausg(Tausg:Bahasa Sg,Malay:Bahasa Suluk) is a language spoken in theprovinceofSuluin thePhilippines, in the eastern area of the state ofSabah,Malaysia, and inNorth Kalimantan,Indonesiaby theTausgpeople.It is widely spoken in theSulu Archipelago(Basilan,SuluandTawi-Tawi),Zamboanga Peninsula(Zamboanga del Norte,Zamboanga Sibugay,Zamboanga del Sur, andZamboanga City), SouthernPalawan,Malaysia(easternSabah) andIndonesia(North Kalimantan). It is the onlyPhilippine languagespoken on the island of Borneo. It is very closely related to theSurigaonon languageof the provincesSurigao del Norte,Surigao del SurandAgusan del Surin the Philippines, and to theButuanonlanguage of northeasternMindanao.

TheTausgorSulukpeople are an ethnic group of thePhilippines,MalaysiaandIndonesia. The termTausgwas derived from two wordstauandsg(orsulukinMalay) meaning "people of the current", referring to their homelands in theSulu Archipelago.Sgandsulukboth mean the same thing, with the former being the phonetic evolution in Sulu of the latter (the L being dropped and thus the two short U's merging into one long U).

Christian Ethnic groups in Luzon

ReligionLocationThe Tausg presently populate the Filipino province ofSuluas a majority, and the provinces ofZamboanga del Sur,Basilan,Tawi-Tawi,Palawan,CebuandManilaas minorities. There is a large population of Filipino-Tausgs in all parts ofSabah, who mainly work as construction labourers with a substantial number as skilled workers. The Tausg workers tend to be confused with the more numerousBajauworkers in Sabah.In Sabah, the Tausg groups had settled in the eastern parts of Sabah, fromKudattown in the north, toTawauin the south east, as the Sulu Sultanate once ruled over the eastern part of Sabah. However, any other new Tausgs who arrived from the Philippines after the 20th century are not recognised as the ethnics of the state and will be considered asillegal immigrants.

The Tausug are Sunni Muslims, followers of the Shaft school. The Five Pillars are observed, although only the elderly practice daily prayers regularly. All illness, accidents, and other misfortunes are ultimately God's will. However, the Tausug retain elements of pre-Islamic belief and, additionally, see the world as inhabited by local spirits capable of causing good or ill fortune. Folk curers (mangungubat) may be sought in time of illness. Traditional medical specialists, who obtain their powers through dreams or by the instruction of older curers, heal mainly by herbal remedies and prayers.

Ethnic groups in Mindanao

ChristianMuslimPaganismAta Manobo, Ubo Manobo, Klata, Tagabawa, Matigsalog, Maranao, Maguindanao, Tausug, Sama and KalaganTausugMaguindanaoMaranaoSamaYakanBanguingui

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonTausg(Tausg:Bahasa Sg,Malay:Bahasa Suluk) is a language spoken in theprovinceofSuluin thePhilippines, in the eastern area of the state ofSabah,Malaysia, and inNorth Kalimantan,Indonesiaby theTausgpeople

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonThe name of the language in Tausug isBahasa Sg, which means 'language ofSulu'. The word Tausg is derived from two words "Tau" which means "person", and "sg" which means "current", presumably referring to their economic livelihood depending on the strong currents of the Sulu Sea where they used to trans-navigate as fishermen, pearl divers and traders. The Sulu Sea has been use as the strategic trade route of the southern Philippines and other neighboring ASEAN nations, even up to the present time. As early as the 10th century it was believed that there was already flourishing trade route between Sulu with China and North Borneo. Basically the people in this area were known as "people of the current", which is the literal translation of "Tausg". (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tausug_language)The Tausug are Sunni Muslims who observe the Muslims Five Pillars. The elder Tausug, on the other hand, are those who continue to do daily prayers. Even if they believe that illnesses, diseases and other misfortunes are part of their gods will, they still also hang on to the belief of having spirits in the environment that are capable of administering good and bad fortunes. Due to this, they continue to have a mangungubat or folk curers that supposedly treat the ill. They get their powers through dreams or from the instructions of the elder mangungubats. They cure the sick using herbal medicine and prayer.Bianca Balmores

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonMaranao(Filipino:Mranaw), also spelled asMeranaoandMaranaw, is the term used officially by the Philippine government in reference to the southern tribe who are now the people of the lake called Ranao in the Iranaon language, a predominantlyMuslimregion in thePhilippinesisland ofMindanao. They are famous for their artwork, sophisticated weaving, wood and metal crafts, and their epic literature,Darangen. maguindanao tribe

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonTheMaguindanaoare part of the widerMoroethnic group, who constitute the sixth largestFilipino ethnic group. Their name means people of the plainsmaguindanao tribe They speak Maguindanaon and second languagesCebuanoTagalog, Arabicand/orEnglish and Chabacano.

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonThe Maranaos are part of the widerMoroethnic group, who constitute the largestMoroethnic group.Talingay tribal

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonMaranao and their culture can be best described by the following:Lake LanaoSarimanokDarangen, a UNESCO HeritageSingkil, a popular and world's recognized Philippine danceOkir on wooden artifacts and brasswares

The life of the Maranaos is centered onLake Lanao, the largest in Mindanao, and the second largest and deepestlakein the Philippines. This breathtakingly beautiful lake is surrounded with myths and legends, it is the main source of fisheries, and the main source of ahydroelectric plantinstalled on it; and the Agus River system that generates 70% of the electricity used by the people of Mindanao. A commanding view of the lake is offered by Marawi City, the provincial capital.

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonThe Sama are anindigenousethnic groupof thePhilippinesandMalaysia. They are native to the Sulu Archipelago and can be found in large numbers throughout the Zamboanga Peninsula, Davao del Sur, and Sabah Malaysia. Talingay tribal Sinama (also known as Siyamal andBajau) is the language of Sama people from the Sulu Archipelago and theBajauof Sabah, Malaysia. The Sama are one of the most widely dispersed peoples in Southeast Asia.

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonTalingay tribal The various Sama sub-groups vary culturally, linguistically, and religiously. Religion can vary from a strict adherence to Sunni Islam, forms of folk Islam, to animistic beliefs in spirits and ancestor worship. There are a small minority of Christians.

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonYakanrefers to the majorityMuslimgroup inBasilan, an island just south ofZamboanga provinceinMindanao. The Spaniards called them Sameacas and considered them an aloof and sometimes hostile hill people Talingay tribal

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonThe Yakan have Malay features. They are small of frame, with brown skin, slanting eyes and black hair - characteristics similar to the Dayaks of North Borneo, leading to speculation that they originated from this race. They speak a language known as Bahasa Yakan, which is a variation of the Samal Sinama or Siama and theTausug languagesTalingay tribal

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonBanguingui, also known asSama Banguingui,Sama Bangingi,Bangingi, andSamal Banguingui, is a distinct ethno-linguistic group dispersed throughout theGreater Sulu Archipelagoand southern and western coastal regions of theZamboanga PeninsulainMindanao,Philippines.Talingay tribal

Muslim Ethnic groups in LuzonBanguingui language,Zamboangueo Chavacano,Cebuano,Filipino,EnglishTalingay tribal PredominantlyIslam

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