Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.
-
Upload
alison-shields -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.
![Page 1: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ethiopia
ECON 3510 Fall, 2015
![Page 2: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Main Ethnic Groups
![Page 6: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Some History
“Lucy”•Discovered in 1972•Estimated era: between 3.22 and 3.18 million years
![Page 7: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Some History
• The earliest evidence: around 1000BC when the Queen of Sheba visited King Solomon.– The imperial family of Ethiopia claims its
origin directly from the offspring of the Queen of Sheba by King Solomon.
• First recorded kingdom in Ethiopia grew around Axum during the 3rd century BC.
![Page 8: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Christianity adopted when the king was converted around 330 AD; an ancient and unique form of Christianity
• Continuous conflict with the expanding Islamic movement, ultimately with the Ottoman Empire
![Page 9: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Unsuccessful Italian Conquest, Defeat by the Ethiopians at the Battle of Adowa, 1896
![Page 12: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
In 1916, Haile Selassie, born Prince Ras Tafari Ras Tafari Makonnen, was proclaimed Emperor in 1930
•Italians under Mussolini invade again, 1936,
(the League of Nations did nothing)Expelled by Ethiopians and British in 1941
•Eritrian situation: •Under UK control;•Joined with Ethiopia in a Federation in 1952•Annexed outright in 1962•Guerrilla war breaks out•Independence in 1991; •Warfare with Ethiopia on and off ever since
![Page 14: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Highly inequitable pattern of development for many years; Feudal system;
1974: a social revolution and a group of junior army officers led by Mengistu Haile Miriam imposed a military Marxist dictatorship.
Expelled Americans Some radical reforms
Somalis invade to reclaim OgadenUSSR & Cuba back Ethiopia !U.S. backs Somalia !
![Page 15: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Radicalization under Mengistu: ‘People's committees‘ tried to control the
everyday people’s livesMany people were forcibly moved in an
attempt to counter famine. Conscription into the army called on ever man
from 18 to 70 years old.
Mengistu left in 1991Reasonable internal stability since 1991Development record: weak, 1970-1990;
Accelerated growth, 2000-2014
![Page 16: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Basic Information on EthiopiaDemographic:
Population: 90. million (2011)Population Growth Rate: 2.5% per annum
but diminishing (Doubling every 30 years)
Fertility Rate: 4.8 children per womanbut falling
Life Expectancy: 2000: 43.9 years2012: 59.7
Human Development Index:2000: .270 2013: .435Rank in World: # 173 (of 186)
![Page 19: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Economic Indicators:GDP per capita (PPP) in 2013: $ 1,305
GDP per capita (PPP) Africa: $ 3,152
GDP Growth rate, per capita,2000-2007: 1.5 % p.a.2007-2013: +/- 6 % pre year (my estimate)
Arable land per person: 1.7 hectaresArable land as %of total: 13%
Gini Coefficient: .30 (among the most equal in the world)
![Page 20: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Exports: $ 1.28 billion; or about $16.20 per inhabitantManufactured Exports as % of Total: 13%
for Africa: 34%
![Page 21: Ethiopia ECON 3510 Fall, 2015. Main Ethnic Groups.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649f305503460f94c4a68e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)