GEARS & TRANSMISSIONS Workshop paper VI [ 113 ]

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

Establishing Gear Standards forGlobal Trade

by

Joe T. Franklin, Jr.President, AGMA

Establishing Technical Gear Standards for Global Trade

Brief History of International Gear StandardsBrief History of International Gear StandardsToday's Global IndustryToday's Global IndustryTrends in standardization and communicationTrends in standardization and communicationStatus of current workStatus of current workIssues to be solved for future standardizationIssues to be solved for future standardization

[ 114 ] paper VI GEARS 2003

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

HISTORYAmerican Gear Manufacturers Association American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) founded in 1916(AGMA) founded in 1916First manufacturers standard 1917First manufacturers standard 1917Gear rating standards first appeared in Gear rating standards first appeared in 19191919AGMA gear quality (tolerance) standards AGMA gear quality (tolerance) standards appeared in the late 1930sappeared in the late 1930s

HISTORYInternational Federation of National Standardizing International Federation of National Standardizing Association (ISA), started with emphasis on Association (ISA), started with emphasis on mechanical engineering in 1926mechanical engineering in 1926ISA's activities ceased in 1942ISA's activities ceased in 1942Countries meet in 1946 to create an organization “.. to Countries meet in 1946 to create an organization “.. to facilitate the international coordination and unification facilitate the international coordination and unification of industrial standards”of industrial standards”ISO began officially in February 1947ISO began officially in February 1947The first ISO standard was published in 1951The first ISO standard was published in 1951

GEARS & TRANSMISSIONS Workshop paper VI [ 115 ]

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

THE MISSION““to promote the development of to promote the development of standardization and related activities standardization and related activities in the world with a view to facilitating in the world with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing and services, and to developing cooperation in the spheres of cooperation in the spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological intellectual, scientific, technological and economic activity”and economic activity”

ISOInternational Organization for StandardizationInternational Organization for Standardization–– Greek isos meaning equal or standardGreek isos meaning equal or standard–– Same meaning in English, French, and GermanSame meaning in English, French, and German

Standards Bodies from 146 CountriesStandards Bodies from 146 Countries--one vote per one vote per countrycountry–– ANSI ANSI -- USAUSA–– AFNOR AFNOR -- FranceFrance–– DIN DIN -- GermanyGermany–– BSI BSI -- United KingdomUnited Kingdom–– JIS JIS -- JapanJapan

188 Technical Committees188 Technical Committees2900+ TC’s, SC’s, 2900+ TC’s, SC’s, WG’sWG’s & 35,000 experts& 35,000 experts

[ 116 ] paper VI GEARS 2003

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

NOT JUST TECHNICAL STANDARDS

seehttp://www.iso.ch

TC 60 CommitteeWORKING GROUPS TOPIC

WG 2 Accuracy of gears Tolerance gradesWG 3 Tooling Cutting toolsWG 4 Terminology & notation of gears Nomenclature & geometryWG 6 Gear calculations Helical & spur capacityWG 7 Worm gears Wormgears WG 9 Acceptance code for gears Sound & vibration measurementWG 10* Enclosed gear drives Gear drive ratingsWG 11 High speed helical gear units High speed drivesWG 12 Oil load capacity test LubricationWG 13 Bevel gears Bevel gear capacity WG 14 Strength and quality of materials Material grades & allowable

*Inactive

GEARS & TRANSMISSIONS Workshop paper VI [ 117 ]

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

ISO / TC 60 Projects42 Published Standards and Technical Reports 42 Published Standards and Technical Reports [to be revised or reaffirmed every five years] [to be revised or reaffirmed every five years] 18 Projects in development process18 Projects in development process2 Documents at publication 2 Documents at publication Specific listed Specific listed -- http://www.iso.chhttp://www.iso.ch

Establishing Technical Gear Standards for Global Trade

Brief History of International Gear Brief History of International Gear StandardsStandardsToday's Global IndustryToday's Global Industry

[ 118 ] paper VI GEARS 2003

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

Global Industry & Technology

The technology is constantly improvingThe technology is constantly improving–– MaterialsMaterials–– Manufacturing processesManufacturing processes–– Measuring capabilitiesMeasuring capabilitiesTesting methods & knowledge improve Testing methods & knowledge improve Design and calculation tools improveDesign and calculation tools improve

Global Gear IndustryThe economy of one country can influence the The economy of one country can influence the world economyworld economyThe gear industry of one country can influence The gear industry of one country can influence the industries of the worldthe industries of the worldThe market in one country can be serviced by The market in one country can be serviced by an industry on the other side of the worldan industry on the other side of the worldAll large gear companies sell to a global gear All large gear companies sell to a global gear marketmarket

GEARS & TRANSMISSIONS Workshop paper VI [ 119 ]

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

Establishing Technical Gear Standards for Global Trade

Brief History of International Gear Brief History of International Gear StandardsStandardsToday's Global IndustryToday's Global IndustryTrends in standardization and Trends in standardization and

communicationcommunication

ISO PROJECTS

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

1980 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

ISSUEDin process

[ 120 ] paper VI GEARS 2003

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

ISO - SO WHAT ?Countries adopting ISO as National StandardsCountries adopting ISO as National StandardsBusinesses adhering to National RegulationsBusinesses adhering to National RegulationsISO 9000 ISO 9000 ---- Document and Do What You SayDocument and Do What You SayISO 9000 Chain Letter ISO 9000 Chain Letter ---------- VendorsVendorsUsers, OEMs, Jobbers, DesignersUsers, OEMs, Jobbers, Designers–– It’s Just a Matter of TimeIt’s Just a Matter of Time

Gear StandardsGear Standards–– They’re HereThey’re Here–– More ComingMore Coming

Do Do YouYou know them?know them?

Internet Communication & Commerce

EE-- mail replaces “snail mail”mail replaces “snail mail”Traveling salesman replacedTraveling salesman replacedEngineers are virtual world travelersEngineers are virtual world travelersPurchasing can be by computer warehousePurchasing can be by computer warehouseManufacturing can be contracted anywhereManufacturing can be contracted anywhereAn entire company can be a single An entire company can be a single computercomputer–– in a remote locationin a remote location

GEARS & TRANSMISSIONS Workshop paper VI [ 121 ]

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

Establishing Technical Gear Standards for Global Trade

Brief History of International Gear Brief History of International Gear StandardsStandardsToday's Global IndustryToday's Global IndustryTrends in standardization and Trends in standardization and

communicationcommunicationStatus of current workStatus of current work

Age of ISO/ TC 60 Gear Publications 1993-2003

2018

3

15

3

0 1 0

3

02

86

3

002468

101214161820

5 years orless

6 - 10 11 - 15 16 - 20 over 20years

2003

1998

1993

Total Pubs42

26

14

[ 122 ] paper VI GEARS 2003

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

Number of ISO Meetings per Year

56

11 1112

1615

1415

1415

1214

02468

10121416

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

ISO Standards Development 2003

9 Working Groups active 9 Working Groups active (10 last year)(10 last year)

18 Standards and Technical Reports in 18 Standards and Technical Reports in process process (20 last year)(20 last year)

2 Document near publication 2 Document near publication (2 last year)(2 last year)

42 Should be revised or reaffirmed every 42 Should be revised or reaffirmed every five years five years (41 last year)(41 last year)

GEARS & TRANSMISSIONS Workshop paper VI [ 123 ]

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

ISO Benefits to IndustryInternational agreement on design criteriaInternational agreement on design criteriaInternational pooling of technical knowledgeInternational pooling of technical knowledgeCommon basis for similar productsCommon basis for similar productsIntegrate National positionsIntegrate National positionsPrevent conflicts with National/corporate standardsPrevent conflicts with National/corporate standardsRemain current on international activitiesRemain current on international activitiesLearning and educationLearning and educationCommon language for tradeCommon language for trade

Establishing Technical Gear Standards for Global Trade

Brief History of International Gear StandardsBrief History of International Gear StandardsToday's Global IndustryToday's Global IndustryTrends in standardization and communicationTrends in standardization and communicationStatus of current workStatus of current workIssues to be solved for future standardizationIssues to be solved for future standardization

[ 124 ] paper VI GEARS 2003

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

SummaryThe ISO gear standards are spreadingThe ISO gear standards are spreadingMore like DIN than AGMAMore like DIN than AGMAMuch more complex than AGMAMuch more complex than AGMASome results are still controversialSome results are still controversialWill be adopted in most countriesWill be adopted in most countriesIt will take years to decide the best It will take years to decide the best approach and to develop truly approach and to develop truly “international standards”“international standards”

GEARS & TRANSMISSIONS Workshop paper VI [ 125 ]

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003

[ 126 ] paper VI GEARS 2003

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 5th June 2003