Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and...
-
date post
21-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
228 -
download
2
Transcript of Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and...
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.1
Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Chapter 8
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.2
Objectives
1. What are the features of a contemporary corporate telecommunications system? On what major technology developments are they based?
2. What telecommunications transmission media should our organization use?
3. What kind of networks and network services are appropriate for our organization?
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.3
Objectives
4. What telecommunications applications can be used for electronic business and electronic commerce?
5. What issues should be addressed in telecommunications planning?
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.4
Management Challenges
1. Selecting appropriate technologies for enterprise networking
2. Managing bandwidth
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.5
Telecommunications System• Facilitation of electronic communication• Telephone systems• Broadcast and cable TV• Radio, satellite, and local area networks• Internet• Analog or digital
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.6
Three Major Developments Shaping
Contemporary Systems
1. Client/server computing
2. Packet switching
3. TCP/IP and other communications standards
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.7
The Corporate Telecommunications System
A corporate telecommunications system
Figure 8-1
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.8
Client/Server Computing
• Powerful personal computers connect to network with one or more server computers
• Has extended networking to parts of business that could not be served by centralized architecture
• Processing load balanced over many smaller machines
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.9
Packet Switching
• Messages broken into “packets” before transmission
• Packets include destination and error-checking information
• Packets travel independently using routers; reassembled into original message at destination
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.10
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Packet-switched networks and packet communications
Figure 8-2
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.11
TCP/IPTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
• Open suite of protocols for connectivity developed in 1970s
• Provides standards for breaking messages into packets, routing them to destination addresses, and reassembling them at end
• Allows for communication regardless of hardware/software
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.12
TCP/IP: Four-Layer Reference Model1. Application layer: Communication between applications
and other layers
2. Transport layer: Acknowledging and sequencing packets to/from application
3. Internet layer: Addressing, routing, packaging data packets
4. Network interface layer: Placing packets on and receiving them from network medium
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.13
The Corporate Telecommunications System
The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) reference model
Figure 8-3
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.14
• Twisted wire• Copper wire twisted in pairs• Older analog transmission medium• Can be used for digital signals• Modems used for translating analog to digital
• Coaxial cable:• Insulated copper wire• Faster, more interference-free than twisted pair• Difficult to install; doesn’t support analog signals
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.15
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Functions of the modem
Figure 8-4
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.16
• Fiber optics• Strands of clear glass fiber bound into cables• Data sent as pulses of light• Faster, lighter, more durable • Difficult to install; more expensive• Used in high-capacity optical networks• Currently slowed by need to convert back and
forth to electrical data• Can use multiplexing; allows one channel to carry
several transmissions
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.17
• Wireless Transmission• Use electromagnetic spectrum
• Microwave and infrared use high-frequency radio signals
• Paging systems, cellular telephones, PDAs, mobile data networks
• Wireless communication requires compatible standards
• Security/privacy issues
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.18
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Frequency ranges for communication media and devices
Figure 8-5
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.19
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Amoco’s satellite transmission system
Figure 8-6
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.20
Transmission Speed• Bps: Bits per second• Baud rate: Rate of signal changes • One signal change = cycle• Transmission capacity is function of frequency• Bandwidth: Range of frequencies
accommodated on a particular channel
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.21
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Speed
Transmission Media
Twisted wire Up to 100 Mbps Low cost
Microwave Up to 200+ Mbps
Satellite Up to 200+ Mbps
Coaxial cable Up to 200 Mbps
Fiber-optic cable Up to 6+ Tbps High cost
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.22
• Connects computers and other digital devices within 2000 ft radius
• Cabling or wireless technology links computers, network interface cards, and software
• Ethernet• Network Operating System (NOS)• Client/server or peer-to-peer architecture• Star, bus, and ring topologies
Communications Networks
Local Area Networks
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.23
Communications Networks
A local area network (LAN)
Figure 8-7
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.24
Communications Networks
Network topologies
Figure 8-8
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.25
• Use radio waves to connect stations• 802.11b: Current standard; 54 Mbps in 2.4 GHz
range• Infrastructure mode: Wireless devices
communicate with wired LAN via access points• Ad-hoc mode: Peer-to-peer mode; wireless
devices communicate with each other directly
Communications Networks
Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.26
Communications Networks
An 802.11 wireless LAN
Figure 8-9
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.27
• Hot spot: Geographic location in which an access point provides public Wi-Fi network service
• Bluetooth: Standard for wireless personal area networks that can transmit up to 722 Kbps within 10-meter area
Communications Networks
Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.28
• Span broad geographic distances• Can consist of combination of:
• Switched lines
• Dedicated lines
• Microwave
• Satellite communications
• Private WANs expensive to support
Communications Networks
Wide Area Networks
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.29
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)• Scope between LAN and WAN
• Limited distance; faster and less expensive than WAN
• Value-Added Networks• Private, third-party managed, data only networks
• Subscription basis
Communications Networks
Wide Area Networks
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.30
Is the World Falling for Wi-Fi?
• What management, organization, and technology factors account for different patterns of Wi-Fi adoption in various countries?
• What value can Wi-Fi service provide to businesses?
Communications Networks
Window on Organizations
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.31
• Frame relay• Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)• Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)• Digital subscriber line (DSL)• T1 line• Network convergence
Communications Networks
Broadband Network Services and Technologies
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.32
• E-mail • Eliminates telephone tag and costly long-distance
telephone charges
• Groupware • Enables work groups at different locations to
participate in discussion forums and work on shared documents and projects
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Electronic Mail and Groupware
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.33
Monitoring Employees on Networks: Unethical or Good Business?
• Should managers monitor employee e-mail and Internet usage? Why or why not?
• Describe an effective e-mail and Web use policy for a company.
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Window on Management
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.34
• Voice mail• Digitizes spoken message and transmits it over a
network
• Fax• Digitizes and transmits documents over telephone
lines
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Voice Mail and Fax
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.35
• Teleconferencing• Ability to confer with a group of people
simultaneously
• Data conferencing• Two or more users can edit and modify data files
simultaneously
• Videoconferencing• Participants are able to see each other over video
screens
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Teleconferencing, Dataconferencing, and Videoconferencing
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.36
• Digital Information Services:• Online services providing general and business
information, such as LexisNexis, AOL, Dow Jones News
• Distance learning• Education or training delivered over a distance to
individuals in one or more locations• E-learning
• Instruction delivered online using the Internet or private networks
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Digital Information Services, Distance Learning, and E-Learning
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.37
• Computer-to-computer exchange between two organizations of standard transaction documents, such as invoices, purchase orders
• Minimizes paper-handling and data input; lowers transaction costs
• Transmits structured data with fields, unlike e-mail
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Electronic Data Interchange
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.38
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Electronic data interchange (EDI)
Figure 8-10
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.39
1. Distance
2. Services
3. Points of access
4. Utilization
5. Cost
6. Security
7. Connectivity
Developing a Business-Driven Telecommunications Plan
Implementation Issues: Seven Factors
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.40
1. Analyze Delta using the competitive forces and value chain models.
2. What is Delta’s business strategy? What is the role of information systems and telecommunications technology in this strategy?
Chapter 8 Case Study
Will New Systems Keep Delta Flying?
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6eEssentials of Management Information Systems, 6eChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless ComputingChapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
8.41
3. Assess Delta’s Digital Nervous System (DNS) effort. What value does it provide the company? How does it support Delta’s business strategy?
4. What problems at Delta can be solved with information systems? What problems cannot be solved with systems?
Chapter 8 Case Study
Will New Systems Keep Delta Flying?