Essentials of Fire Fighting, 5 th Edition Chapter 19 Fire Department Communications Firefighter II.

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Essentials of Fire Fighting, 5 th Edition Chapter 19 — Fire Department Communications Firefighter II

Transcript of Essentials of Fire Fighting, 5 th Edition Chapter 19 Fire Department Communications Firefighter II.

Page 1: Essentials of Fire Fighting, 5 th Edition Chapter 19 Fire Department Communications Firefighter II.

Essentials of Fire Fighting, 5th Edition

Chapter 19 — Fire Department Communications

Firefighter II

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Chapter 19 Lesson Goal

• After completing this lesson, the student shall be able to communicate effectively by radio and through various reports following the policies and procedures set forth by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ).

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Specific Objectives

1.Summarize guidelines for radio communications 2.Describe information given in arrival and progress reports. 3.Explain the purpose of tactical channels.

(Continued)

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Specific Objectives

4.Discuss calls for additional resources and emergency radio traffic. 5. Discuss evacuation signals and personnel accountability reports. 6.Summarize the information in incident reports. 7.Create an incident report. (Skill Sheet 19-II-1)

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Guidelines for Radio Communications

• Use plain English or clear text without codes of any kind – Clear text — Standardized set of fire-

specific words and phrases, often used in the wildland fire community

• Use a moderate rate of speaking

(Continued)

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Guidelines for Radio Communications

• Use a moderate amount of expression in speech

• Use a vocal quality that is not too strong or weak

• Keep things such as gum and candy out of the mouth

(Continued)

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Guidelines for Radio Communications

• Be concise and to the point • Think about what should be said

before keying the microphone

(Continued)

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Guidelines for Radio Communications

• Everyone on the fireground should follow two basic rules – Units must identify themselves in

every transmission– The receiver must acknowledge

every message

(Continued)

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Guidelines for Radio Communications

• Do not transmit until the frequency is clear

• Any unit working at an emergency scene has priority over routine transmissions

• Do not use profane or obscene language on the air

(Continued)

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Guidelines for Radio Communications

• All radio frequencies are monitored

• Hold the radio/microphone 1 to 2 inches (25 mm to 50 mm) from the mouth (Continued)

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Guidelines for Radio Communications

• On the emergency scene– Avoid laying the microphone on the

seat of the vehicle– Do not touch the antenna when

transmitting

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Arrival Reports

• Also called a report on conditions or situation report

• Establish a time of arrival and inform other responding units of what actions might be needed (Continued)

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Arrival Reports

• Format– Situation found – Action(s) taken/actions to be taken– Command status

(Continued)

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Arrival Reports

• Some situations require more detail – Address, if other than the one initially

reported– Building and occupancy description– Nature and extent of fire or other

emergency– Attack mode selected (Continued)

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Arrival Reports

• Some situations require more detail (cont.)– Rescue and exposure problems– Instructions to other responding units– Location of Incident Command

position– Establishing Command– Water supply situation

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Progress Reports

• Used to keep the communications center continually advised

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Progress Report Items

• Transfer of Command

• Change in command post location

• Progress (or lack of) toward incident stabilization

• Direction of fire spread

(Continued)

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Progress Report Items

• Exposures by direction, height, occupancy, and distance

• Any problems or needs• Anticipated actions

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Tactical Channels

• Most often used for large incidents

• Small routine incidents usually do not require a tactical channel

• In many departments, units are initially dispatched on the primary dispatch channel

(Continued)

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Tactical Channels

• Upon arrival on the scene, units may switch to an assigned tactical channel

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Tactical Channels: Telecommunicator Roles

• Assign a tactical frequency • Ensure additional responding

units are aware of the assigned tactical channel

• Notify other agencies and services of the incident and the need for them to respond

• Provide updated information

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Calls for Additional Resources

• Normally, only the Incident Commander may strike multiple alarms or order additional resources

• Know local procedure for requesting additional resources

• Be familiar with alarm signals(Continued)

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Calls for Additional Resources

• When multiple alarms are struck, a radio-equipped mobile communications vehicle can be used to reduce the load on the communications center

• Firefighters must be able to communicate the need for team assistance

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Emergency Radio Traffic

• Person transmitting the message should make the urgency clear

• Telecommunicator should give an attention tone, advise all other units to stand by, and then advise the caller to proceed

(Continued)

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Emergency Radio Traffic

• After the emergency communication is complete, telecommunicator notifies all units to resume normal or routine radio traffic

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Evacuation Signals

• Used when the IC decides that all firefighters should immediately withdraw

• All firefighters should be familiar with their department’s method of sounding an evacuation signal

(Continued)

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Evacuation Signals

• Radio broadcast– Similar to emergency traffic

broadcast– Message is broadcast several times

(Continued)

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Evacuation Signals

• Audible warning devices– Will work outside small structures– May not be heard by everyone – Can be confused with those being

used by units arriving at the scene

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Personnel Accountability Report (PAR)

• A systematic way of confirming the status of any unit operating at an incident

• When requested, every supervisor must verify the status of those under his or her command

(Continued)

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Personnel Accountability Report (PAR)

• May have to rely on touch or hearing to verify each member’s status

• Others in the chain of command must rely on radio reports from their subordinates

(Continued)

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Personnel Accountability Report (PAR)

• Command can request a PAR at any time, but one is usually requested when:– The incident is declared under control– Change in strategy – Sudden catastrophic event – Emergency evacuation– A firefighter missing or in distress

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Incident Reports

• National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) outlines information needed

• NFIRS uses the Internet to transfer data from each state to the federal database

• A vital part of the emergency• Available to the public (Continued)

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Incident Reports

• An incident report should include detailed information

• Entered into databases at the state and national level

• Information is used for a variety of purposes

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Summary

• Fire department communications are a critical factor in the successful outcome of any incident. The better the communications, the safer the incident.

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Review Questions

1.List three guidelines for speaking over the radio. 2.What information should be given in an arrival report? 3.Why are tactical channels used?

(Continued)

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Review Questions

4.When are evacuation signals given? 5.What information should be given in an incident report?