Essential Question: How do you determine the formula for an ionic compound?
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Transcript of Essential Question: How do you determine the formula for an ionic compound?
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Essential Question:
How do you determine the formula for an ionic compound?
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Do Now – March 16th, 2015
• Complete half sheet
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Agenda – March 10th, 2015
• 5 Do Now• 3 Agenda & Reminders– Academic Assistance this Saturday!
• 15min Notes– Follow your worksheet!
• 10min Guided Practice• 0-15min Independent Practice– Backside is additional EMI 402 practice
• Answers: B, H, B, J D
• 5min Exit Ticket
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What ion will As form?
• 5 valence electrons– Wants a total of? – Lose 5?• Nahhhh, no thanks.
– Gain 3?• Now that’s easier!
8
As As3-
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What ion will Sr form?
• 2 valence electrons– Wants a total of? – Gain 6?• Nahhhh, no thanks.
– Lose 2?• Now that’s easier!
8
Sr Sr2+
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Ionic Bonds and Compounds
• Ionic bonds are bonds between ions!
• Ionic compounds are 2 or more different ions held together by their opposite charges.
• Ionic compounds are between metals and nonmetals
• Note: The bond that forms is not a “bridge” of some sort. The atoms bond or stick together because of their opposite charges.
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Becoming Neutral
• Ionic compounds are formed from charged particles (excess of negative or positive charge)
• But they come together in ratios so that they always form a NEUTRAL compound
• The excess positive and excess negative MUST cancel each other out
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What this looks like…
P=11N=11
P=17N=18
Sodium (Na) Chlorine (Cl)
1+ 1-
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What this looks like…
Sodium (Na) Chlorine (Cl)
P=11N=11
1+
P=17N=18
1-
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Goal of ionic bonding: balance out the charges!
Na1+ Cl1-
Thanks for the electron. Want to balance my
charge now?
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What if the Charges don’t match?
• Use the smallest whole number ratio so that the charges will cancel each other out.
• If you have a 3+ ion bonding with a 1- ion, you will need THREE of the 1- ions in order to cancel out the charge of the 3+ ion
Al3+Cl-
Cl-Cl- AlCl3
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What if it isn’t 1 to 1…
P=12N=11
P=17N=18
Magnesium (Mg) Chlorine (Cl)
1+1-
P=17N=18
2+
1-
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What if it isn’t 1 to 1?
Mg Cl2+ 1-
Thanks for the electron. Want to balance my
charge now?
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What if it isn’t 1 to 1?
Mg Cl2+ 1-
1 EXTRA + over here!
Cl 1-
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Writing formulas for compounds
MgCl
Cl
1 Mg2 Cl
Mg1 Cl2
subscripts (“below – writing”)
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Writing formulas for compounds
Mg1 Cl2
Scientists are lazy/efficient!!!Make the “1” invisible.
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Writing formulas for compounds
Mg Cl2
Scientists are lazy/efficient!!!Make the “1” invisible.Clean it up….
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MgCl
Cl MgCl2
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Li F1+ 1-
All canceled!!!Formula: LiF
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#2…
Li O1+ 2-
1 EXTRA - over here!Li 1+Formula: Li2O
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Toot that thang up, chemists. Make it charge!
• Write the element symbols and their charges.
Mg2+ Cl-
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Once you pop, pop lock it. Now those ions livin’ large.
Pop the charge over to the other element and lock it there.
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Pop, lock, and drop it…
1. Drop the numbers to subscripts.
2. Drop the +/-3. Drop the 1’s to be
invisible
Magnesium and chlorine combine to make the ionic compound MgCl2.
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For a
lum
inum
(Al)
and
chlo
rine
(Cl)
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Ionic Formulas, summary
• The subscript will match the charge of the opposite ion
• EXCEPT when they can be reduced– Magnesium (2+) and sulfur (2-)– Mg2S2 REDUCE– MgS
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Helpful hints• First determine if it is ionic, covalent, or an
acid• If it is ionic, write the charges above each
name– Magnesium Phosphate
• If it is an acid, determine what the anion is by working backwards and write its charge– Nitric acid (anion = nitrate, 1- charge)
2+ 3-
Complete the rest of the worksheet and CHECK IN with me after you complete each section. When finished, you may
start your homework