Essential Question

• Discuss the following questions with your neighbors and be prepared to share with the class:

1.Why do people obey the government?

Chapter 7 The French Revolution and

Napoleon

1789-1815

• Reform– Declaration of the Rights of Man

• Influenced by US Dec of Ind• Included rights similar to Bill of Rights• Slogan: “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”

– Did not include women

– National Assembly takes over church• Sell church land to pay off debts• Millions of FR catholic peasants are upset

with Assembly

Section 2Revolution Brings Reform & Terror

Fraternity: brotherhood

A Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

1. All men are born free & equal 8. Ppl can only be punished according to the law

2. Gov’t protects the natural rights of liberty, property, security, & resistance to oppression

9. Ppl are innocent until proven guilty

4. Liberty is freedom to do anything that doesn’t hurt others

10. Freedom of speech as long as it does not create chaos

5. Law can only prohibit actions that hurt others

11. Ppl can say and write what they want as long as they obey the law

6. Citizens have the right to participate in gov’t and have representatives

13. Everyone must pay taxes according to what they can afford

7. Ppl can only be accused of breaking the law & they must obey

17. Everyone has the right to own property

Divide your page into 12 equal squaresWith your group, summarize each article and write them in the square.

• Political spectrum of the Legislative Assembly

Draw a line across your pagePut the info for Radicals on the Left

Put the info for Moderates in the MiddlePut the info for Conservatives on the Right

– Radicals• Sat on the Left• No monarchy• Lots of changes in gov’t

– Moderates• Sat in the Center• Constitutional monarchy• Some changes in gov’t

– Conservatives• Sat on the Right• Limited monarchy• Few changes in gov’t

Spectrum: different ideas or view points

Legislative Assembly: representatives who made laws for France during the revolution

• Challenges foreign and domestic– Emigres: nobles who fled FR & wanted to stop the

revolution and bring back the Old Regime

– Sans-culottes: urban workers who wanted to bring more change to France

– Other European countries are worried the FR Rev will spread

• Some declare war

• Reign of Terror– Jacobins: radical political organization

bringing change to FR gov’t• Called for the death of all who opposed the

FR Rev & the new gov’t– Even political opponents in the new gov’t

• Guillotine: machine that cuts off a person’s head

– no one was safe from the guillotine

• 40,000 ppl beheaded– 85% were peasants, urban poor, middle class – Revolution was launched for them

Domestic: local, in the country

Dawn: the begining

Versailles: royal palace outside of Paris

Behead: cut off the head

Launch: to start

French Revolution Timeline

• Draw a diagonal line across your page• Plot the following dates:

– 1789 Aug– 1790– 1792 April– 1792 Aug– 1792 Sept– 1793 Jan– 1793 July– 1790 July– 1795

French Revolution Timeline• With your neighbor, use your notebook & textbook

to write the following events next to the correct date:– Robespierre is executed; Reign of Terror ends– National Assembly reforms status of church– National Convention adopts new constitution– National Assembly hands power to Legislative

Assembly– Ex-king Louis XVI is executed– National Assembly adopts Declaration of Rights of

Man– Robespierre leads Committee of Public Safety: Reign

of Terror begins– Parisian mobs massacre more than 1,000 prisoners– Parisians invade Tuileries and imprison royal family– Legislative Assembly declares war on Austria

French Revolution Timeline– 1789 Aug:

• National Assembly adopts Declaration of Rights of Man– 1790:

• National Assembly reforms status of church– 1791 Sept:

• National Assembly hands power to Legislative Assembly– 1792 April:

• Legislative Assembly declares war on Austria– 1792 Aug:

• Parisians invade Tuileries and imprison royal family– 1792 Sept:

• Parisian mobs massacre more than 1,000 prisoners– 1793 Jan:

• Ex-king Louis XVI is executed– 1793 July:

• Robespierre leads Committee of Public Safety: Reign of Terror begins– 1794 July:

• Robespierre is executed; Reign of Terror ends– 1795:

• National Convention adopts new constitution

French Revolution Timeline QuestionsIn your group, use your notebook/textbook to answer the following

questions. Do not copy the questions, write your answers in complete sentences

1. What are some of the rights this document guarantees French citizens?

2. What caused the peasants to oppose many of the reforms?

3. What political factions made up the Legislative Assembly?

4. What did European monarchs fear from France5. What effects did the Sept. Massacres have on the

gov’t?6. What was the stated aim of Robespierre and his

supporters?7. What were some consequences of the Reign of

Terror?

French Revolution Timeline Questions1. What are some of the rights this document guarantees

French citizens?– Liberty, property, security, resistance to oppression, equal

justice, freedom of speech & religion2. What caused the peasants to oppose many of the reforms?

– Many were conservative Catholics who were offended by attempts to make the church a part of the state

3. What political factions made up the Legislative Assembly?– Radicals, moderates, conservatives

4. What did European monarchs fear from France– Revolution would spread beyond FR 7 affect their countries

5. What effects did the Sept. Massacres have on the gov’t?– Legislative Assembly gave up the idea of a limited monarchy,

deposed the king & called for the election of a new legislature to replace itself

6. What was the stated aim of Robespierre and his supporters?– To build a “republic of virtue”

7. What were some consequences of the Reign of Terror?– Ppl of all classes grew weary of the Terror and shifted from

radical left to conservative right