Ess Electronic Waste Management

7/24/2019 Ess Electronic Waste Management

1/86


2/86

Feopd`y Fndkrod`-

Or Nerdfke Fdrvdmne

Feopd`y Vgfrgtdry- Or Zdogsn Zdbkd

Od`dck`c Bkrgfter- Or Xnkmkp Srkcnt

D `gw nerkze` ea jusk`gss sustdk`djkmkty< D

feoprgng`skvg d`dmysks ea jusk`gss

strdtgckgs d`b ak`d`fkdm bgvgmepog`ts GVV

Zgfyfmk`c (WI) Mtb.


3/86

FE@RG@RV

4. K`trebuftke`

d. Evgrvkgw ea SGGG k`bustry k` WI

j. Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss k` Sdstg Gmgftre`kfs d`b Gmgftrkfdm Gqukpog`t (SGGG)

f. Rng prespgftkvg ea SGGG k` sustdk`djmg jusk`gss bgvgmepog`t

b. Evgrvkgw ea SGGG fdtgcerkgs k` WI (46 Fdtgcerkgs)

:. Feope`g`ts ea SGGG Zgcumdtkvg- Sne dmm drg ejmkcgb te tng

SGGG rgcumdtke`s5

d. Feope`g`ts ea SGGG- Xrebufgrs, Bkstrkjuters d`b Fe`suogrs

j. Neusgnemb vs @e`-neusgnemb SGGG prebufgrs

f. Xrebufgr Feopmdk`t Vfngogs (XFV)

b. Dpprevgb Dutnerksgb Rrgdtog`t Adfkmktkgs

g. Dpprevgb Gxpertgrs

6. Jusk`gss te Jusk`gss (J:J) SGGG epgrdtk`c strdtgcy d`b oebgm

d. K`trebuftke` te Dpprevgb Dutnerksgb trgdtog`t adfkmkty (DDRAs)

j. SGGG prebufgrs rgckstgrgb u`bgr vdrkeus XFV sfngogs

f. Jusk`gss te Jusk`gss SGGG jusk`gss

2. SGGG stdtkstkfdm cg`grdtke` bdtd k WI (@dtke`wkbg bdtd) (:844)d. SGGG cg`grdtke` bdtd k` WI

j. Fkvkf dog`kty sktg femmgftgb- Neusgnembs SGGG

f. @e`- Neusgnemb SGGG drksk`c k` WI

b. @e`- Neusgnemb SGGG bgmkvgrgb te DDARs


4/86

7. Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss k` SGGG, D oumtkbkog`ske`dm pgrspgftkvg ea

SGGG od`dcgog`t k` Vodmm te Ogbkuo g`tgrprksgs (VOGs)

d. Zgsgdrfn Ogtnebemecy d`b Bdtd rgseurfgs

1. Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss bgvgmepog`t- G`vkre`og`tdm Vterdcg

Vemutke` Zgfyfmk`c Mkoktgb (GVV Zgfyfmk`c Mtb)

d. Evgrvkgw d`b K`trebuftke` ea GVV rgfyfmk`c Mtb

j. Odrigt d`dmysks ea GVV k` tng SGGG k`bustry

f. Xgepmg d`b Oksske`

3. K`vgstkcdtk`c tng feopgtkters d`b tng odrigt pg`gtrdtke`

d. Bkrgft d`b K`bkrgft Feopgtktke` d`dmysks

j. Tudmktdtkvg k`vgstkcdtke`

f. Tud`tktdtkvg k`vgstkcdtke`

b. Befuog`tk`c tng rgsumts

>. D`dmysk`c tng Odrigt bkstrkjutke` ea SGGG d`b jusk`gss bgvgmepog`td. K`vgstkcdtk`c tng SGGG drksk`c k` cg`grdm

j. K`vgstkcdtk`c tng SGGG prefgssgb jy tng feopgtkters

f. Jukmbk`c feopdrdtkvg oebgm te k`vgstkcdtg tng feopd`y jusk`gss strg`ctn

b. Jukmbk`c jdsgmk`g jusk`gss ea GVV Zgfyfmk`c Mtb te feopdrg wktn tng

feopgtkters

;. Ak`d`fkdm d`dmysks ea tng jusk`gss

d. K`vgstkcdtk`c tng ak`d`fkdm rgpertk`c ea tng feopgtkters

j. D`dmysk`c tng ak`d`fkdm bgvgmepog`ts d`b sustdk`djkmkty

VSER d`dmysks

\ d`dmysks- Dmtod`

Xktrevsiy A sferg d`dmysks

Feopdrdtkvg d`dmysks ea igy ak`d`fkdm pdrdogtgrs- Dssgssk`c ak`d`fkdm

stdjkmkty


5/86

48. Auturg ea SGGG bgvgmepog`ts d`b Xemkfy kopmgog`tdtke`

d. Zgsgdrfnk`c auturg SGGG odrigt

j. K`vgstkcdtk`c tng strgdomk`g ea pemkfy d`b mgcksmdtke` fnd`cgs

44. D`dmysk`c @ggbs d`b gvdmudtk`c eptke`s

d. Ercd`ksdtke` oebgmmk`c

j. Jusk`gss prefgss d`dmysks

f. Kbg`tkay eptke`s

b. Vnertmkst eptke`s

g. Xrgpdrg jusk`gss fdsg

a. Jusk`gss fnd`cg kbg`tkakfdtke`

4:. Fe`fmuske`s


6/86


7/86

FNDXRGZ 4

d. Evgrvkgw ea SGGG k`bustry k` WI

j. Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss k` Sdstg Gmgftre`kfs d`b Gmgftrkfdm Gqukpog`t (SGGG)


b. Evgrvkgw ea SGGG fdtgcerkgs k` WI (46 Fdtgcerkgs)

Kopdft e` tng Jrktksn gfeèoy

D`dmysk`c tng gaagftkvg`gss

K`trebuftke`

d. Evgrvkgw d`b SGGG Bkrgftkvg

G`vkreòg`tdm pemmutke`, pdrtkfumdrmy k` md`bakmms, areo bksfdrbgb gmgftre`kf gqukpog`t

(g-wdstg) er "wdstg gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf gqukpog`t" (SGGG), nds jgg` d`

k`frgdsk`c fe`fgr` wermbwkbg. Xemmutke` effurs bug te mgdidcg ea ndzdrbeus odtgrkdms

fe`tdk`gb k` tng bksfdrbgb gqukpog`t. Rng Gurepgd` W`ke` nds pdssgb twe rgmdtgb

rgcumdtke`s te koprevg g-wdstg od`dcgog`t d`b te mkokt tng prgsg`fg ea ndzdrbeus

odtgrkdms k` tng wdstg.

E`g ks tng Zgstrkftke` ea Ndzdrbeus Vujstd`fgs (ZeNV) Bkrgftkvg :88:/;7/GF.

Rnks mkokts tng prgsg`fg ea skx ndzdrbeus odtgrkdms k` gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf

gqukpog`t.

Rng etngr ks tng Sdstg Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t (SGGG) Bkrgftkvg:88:/;1/GF. Rng SGGG bkrgftkvg dkos dt ok`kokzdtke` ea tng kopdft ea g-wdstg

e` tng g`vkreòg`t, jy k`frgdsk`c rg-usg d`b rgfyfmk`c d`b rgbufk`c tng

doeu`t ea SGGG cek`c te md`bakmms (Bgard, :848d)

Rng Sdstg Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t (SGGG) Zgcumdtke`s ( tng Dog`bog`t

Zgcumdtke`s), wnkfn fdog k`te aerfg e` 4 Ldùdry :848, ndvg jgg` bgskc`gb te rgbufg

tng evgrdmm dbok`kstrdtkvg jurbg` e` jusk`gssgs jy strgdomk`k`c tng SGGG systgo


8/86

kopmgog`tk`c tng odk` prevkske`s ea tng Gurepgd` Xdrmkdog`t d`b Feu`fkm Bkrgftkvg

e` wdstg gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf gqukpog`t (ds dog`bgb) (tng SGGG Bkrgftkvg). Rng

SGGG Bkrgftkvg ks e`g ea d sodmm ùojgr ea Gurepgd` Bkrgftkvgs (Gurepgd` W`ke`,

:848)

Rng SGGG Bkrgftkvg ks jdsgb e` drtkfmg 437 ea tng Gurepgd` Feooksske` (GF) Rrgdty

wnkfn gstdjmksngb tng Gurepgd` W`ke` tndt kopmgog`ts tng prk`fkpmg ea gxtg`bgb

prebufgr rgspe`skjkmkty. W`bgr tnks prk`fkpmg, prebufgrs drg rgqukrgb te tdig ak`d`fkdm

rgspe`skjkmkty aer tng g`vkreòg`tdm kopdft ea prebufts tngy pmdfg e` tng odrigt,

gspgfkdmmy wng` tnesg prebufts jgfeog wdstg. Rng SGGG Bkrgftkvg dppmkgb tnks

prk`fkpmg k` rgmdtke` te gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf gqukpog`t (GGG). Rnks bkrgftkvg odigs

prebufgrs rgspe`skjmg aer ak`d`fk`c tng femmgftke`, trgdtog`t, d`b rgfevgry ea wdstg

gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf gqukpog`t. Kt dmse sggis te ejmkcg bkstrkjuters te dmmew

fe`suogrs te rgtur` tngkr wdstg gqukpog`t argg ea fndrcg. Rnks prevkske` ks jdsgb e`

tng prgfgpt tndt tng pemmutgr sneumb pdy d`b dppmkgs krrgspgftkvg ea tng sgmmk`c

tgfn`kqug, k`fmubk`c bkstd`fg sgmmk`c (Bgard, :848j).

Rng odk` dko ea tng SGGG Bkrgftkvg ks te fndmmg`cg k`dppreprkdtg SGGG trgdtog`t.

SGGG ks fe`skbgrgb ds tng adstgst crewk`c strgdo ea wdstg fdtgcery k` GW, wnkfn ks

dreu`b >.6-;.4okmmke` te``gs k` :887, d`b prelgftgb oeu`t te 4:.6 okmmke` te``gs ea

SGGG jy :8:8. E`g ea tng odk` fndmmg`cgs k` SGGG k`bustry k` rgbufk`c tngsg akcurgs

dfferbk`c tng gxpgrt vkgws wne nds tng werik`c gxpgrkg`fg wktnk` tng k`bustry ds

stdignembgrs, Ogojgr stdtgs d`b sfnemdrs drg tndt tng Bkrgftkvgs dftkvktkgs d`b

strdtgcy pmd`s te dog`b tng `gw bgvgmepog`tdm sfg`drkes d`b prefgburg te ngmp tng

fe`skbgrdjmg SGGG rgbuftke` sfg`drke drg vgry mgss gxgrfksgb d`b dt tng mgvgm ea kàd`fy

k` kts dftkvktkgs. Rngrg drg dmse frktkfksos rdksgb e` tng fest-gaagftkvg`gss ea SGGG

Bkrgftkvg k` bgmkvgrk`c kts rgfeoog`bdtke`s (Xnkmmkps gt dm., :881)


9/86

Rng SGGG Zgcumdtke`s ks fndrdftgrksgb jy d ùojgr ea dssefkdtke`s aer prebufgrs d`b

bkstrkjuters (rgtdkmgrs) ea GGG. Rngsg rgcumdtke`s be èt gxfmubg d`y jusk`gss sgfters

te jg epgrdtkvg eutskbg tng pemkfy d`b mgcksmdtke` jeu`bdrkgs wnkfn tng sodmm te

ogbkuo g`tgrprksgs ds wgmm ds jkc feopd`kgs sneumb jg gqudmmy ejmkcgb te. K` gaagft

tng rgcumdtke`s drg u`kaeromy bkstrkjutgb te dmm tng feopd`kgs k` GW. Rngsg k`fmubgs

tng GGG bkstrkjuters te prevkbg adfkmkty aer tdig jdfi sgrvkfg, argg ea fest areo neusgnemb

SGGG prebufgrs d`b ak`dm fe`suogrs, g`b usgrs gtf. . Rnks dmse fevgrs tng

g`vkreòg`tdm dspgfts ea tng sustdk`djmg SGGG prefgssk`c bgpg`bk`c e` tng fest-

gaagftkvg`gss (G`vkrewksg, :88;)

Akcurg 4< SGGG nkgrdrfnkfdm strdtgcy ea trgdtog`t d`b rgbuftke`


10/86

j.Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss k` Sdstg Gmgftre`kfs d`b Gmgftrkfdm

Gqukpog`t (SGGG)

D` k`ktkdtkvg areo tng WI Cevgròg`ts wdstg strdtgcy :848, sustdk`djkmkty ks èw d

fg`trdm kssug aer jusk`gss d`b sefkgty. Gvg` doe`c me`c-std`bk`c fndopke`s ea

sustdk`djkmkty, tng urcg`fy ea tng bgjdtg nds oevgb jgye`b tng fe`fgr` aer auturg

cg`grdtke`s te tng ngrg d`b èw.

Sktn tng snert mkok`c adfters ea tkog d`b rgseurfgs tng dttdk`djkmkty ea sustdk`djmg

jusk`gss nds dmwdys jgg` d fndmmg`cg jut tng sdog tkog bgvgmepgb fest-gaagftkvg d`b

sikmm jdsgb jusk`gss strdtgckgs te dfnkgvg tng cedm. Rng fg`trdm pdrt ea sufn d

bgvgmepog`tdm systgo ks kàerodtke`. Rng K`stktutg ea Fndrtgrgb Dffeu`td`ts k`

G`cmd`b d`b Sdmgs (KFDGS) odk`my dbbrgssgb tng djevg bgètgb dspgft ea rgseurfg

d`b tkog jdsgb strdtgckgs wnkfn fd` dbbrgss tng fndmmg`cgs d`b kopdfts ea sufn d

systgo wnkfn weumb g`feopdss tng bgvgmepog`t ea tng fe`tkùeus fndk` ea jusk`gss

te g`vkreòg`t d`b te tng feu`try (Mksd gt dm., :848).

Ejlgftkvgs

Rng rgpertk`c rgqukrgog`ts ea tng jusk`gss wktnk` tng VOGs d`b etngr jkc feopd`kgs

ndvg jgg` d odler pemkfy fnd`cg k` WI d`b GW. Kt ks èt tng skopmg rgprgsg`tdtke` ea

new tng jusk`gss fd` epgrdtg wktnk` d sgfter, jut k`stgdb new tng jusk`gss fd`

dbbrgss vdrkeus bgvgmepog`ts tndt ks tng feojk`gb jut jdmd`fgb bgvgmepog`ts ea

4.

Vefkdm

:. Gfeèokf

6. G`vkreòg`tdm

2. K`stktutke`dm Ardogweris

Rng rgqukrgog`t ea crgdtgr trd`spdrg`fy wktnk` d`y k`bustrkgs rgcdrbmgss ea tng skzg

d`b gfeèokf pesktke` ks prevgb te jg dètngr od`bdtery rgqukrgog`t aer tng

dfnkgvdjkmkty ea tng djevg og`tke`gb ejlgftkvg. Rnks nds jgg` wkbgmy suppertgb jy


11/86

KFDGS d`b tng G`vkreòg`t Dcg`fy, ds wgmm ds od`y etngr ercd`ksdtke`s. Rng vdmug

jdsgb strdtgckgs, trd`spdrg`fy k` kopmgog`tdtke` ea tng pretefems, dffgsskjkmkty te

jusk`gss d`dmysks usk`c sustdk`djkmkty k`bkfdters, od`dcgog`t eutamew gaakfkg`fy drg

prevgb te tng vktdm feope`g`ts k` brkvk`c k`stktutke`dm k`vgsters d`b fdpktdm odrigt

pdrtkfkpd`ts (SZDX, :848).


Kt nds gstkodtgb tndt tng odrigt cg`grdtke` ea SGGG k` WI ks dreu`b ::: okmmke` u`kts,

gdfn ygdr. GGG jgk`c e`g ea tng oestmy prebufgb wdstg strgdos wktn tng fe`tkùeus

k`frgdsg k` doeu`t djeut 41% te :>% gdfn ygdr aer mdst akvg ygdrs stdrtk`c areo :887.

Rnks ks fe`skbgrgb ds tnrgg tkogs ds adst ds tng crewtn ea dvgrdcg ou`kfkpdm wdstg (4

okmmke` te``gs GGG pgr ygdr) (Bgard, :88;d).

Rng jredb dko ea SGGG Bkrgftkvg ks te od`dcg tng g`vkreòg`tdm gaagfts ea GGG e` kts

g`b mkag fyfmg tngrgjy g`djmk`c sgpdrdtk`c tng SGGG areo etngr wdstg strgdos,

aemmewgb jy tng trgdtog`t, rg-usg, d`b rgfevgry d`b rgfyfmk`c d`b ds tng ak`dm eptke`

g`vkreòg`tdmmy arkg`bmy bkspesdm ea tng g b-prebufts (Bgard, :88;d). Rnks prefgssgs

drg dmse sggi te koprevg tng epgrdtkvg sgttmgog`t ea g`vkreòg`tdm pgraerod`fg ea

tng SGGG strgdo. Rng k`tgcrdtke` ea odk` dspgfts ea od`dcgog`t, fest-gaagftkvg`gss ,

ak`d`fkdm rgcumdtke`s d`b rgseurfg gaakfkg`fy drg tng igy gmgog`ts ea sufn d strdtgcy.

Kt sgts rgqukrgog`ts rgmdtk`c te GGG k` tgros ea tng odrik`c ea gqukpog`t d`b tng

prevkske` ea kàerodtke` aer tng sgpdrdtg femmgftke` ea SGGG, rg-usg ea SGGG ds wnemg

dppmkd`fgs, std`bdrbs aer kts trgdtog`t dt spgfkakf adfkmktkgs d`b rgfyfmk`c d`b rgfevgry

te tdrcgt mgvgms. Kt odigs tng prebufgrs ea GGG rgspe`skjmg aer ak`d`fk`c oest ea tngsg

dftkvktkgs.

b.

Evgrvkgw ea SGGG fdtgcerkgs k` WI (46 Fdtgcerkgs)


12/86

Gaagftkvg Ducust 46, :887, tng SGGG bkrgftkvg, gxfmubgs gqukpog`t rgmdtgb te stdtg

sgfurkty, dros d`b doou`ktke` d`b wdr odtgrkdms Newgvgr kt begs fevgr tnkrtgg`

fdtgcerkgs ea g-wdstg. Ogbkfdm Bgvkfgs gxfmubgs fe`tdok`dtgb ktgos

;. Oe`kterk`c d`b fe`trem k`struog`ts (g.c. soeig bgtgfter, tngroestdts)

48.Duteodtkf bkspg`sgrs (g.c. vg`bk`c odfnk`gs)

44.Feemk`c gqukpog`t k`fmubk`c fdtgcery 48 bgvkfgs wktn feemk`c

4:.Bkspmdy gqukpog`t (FZRs) k`fmubk`c pmdsod d`b MFB

46.

Cds bksfndrcg mdops (g.c. amuergsfg`t tujgs)

Akcurg :< Mkagspd` Bkstrkjutke` ea SGGG (Veurfg< SZDX, :848)


13/86

Kopdft e` tng Jrktksn gfeèoy

SGGG kàrdstrufturg te suppert tng wdstg nkgrdrfny d`b rgseurfg gaakfkg`fy te g`djmg

tng sustdk`djmg wdstg strdtgcy bgvgmepog`t d`b ok`kokzdtke` ea gxpe`g`tkdm crewtn

ea SGGG nds jgg` tng igy dftke` pmd`s ea Sdstg Nkgrdrfnkfdm Xmd`s, :884. SGGG

feopmkd`fg d`b tng fest ogdsurgs drg ckvg` skc`kakfd`t prkerktkgs k` tng `gw mgcksmdtke`

fe`tgxt wktnk` GW gspgfkdmmy k` WI wnkfn fevgrs 277 okmmke` aer dmm tng feopd`kgs te

feopmy wktn tng bkrgftkvg k` tng wdstg od`dcgog`t strdtgckgs ea WI (GRJXX, :88;).

D`dmysk`c tng gaagftkvg`gss

Datgr tng gstdjmksnog`t ea SGGG Bkrgftkvg tng skc`kakfd`t fnd`cgs k` tng pdttgr` ea

SGGG femmgftke`, bkspesdm d`b rg-usg jgfdog vgry dppdrg`t wktn tng suppert areo

Cevgròg`tdm d`b è`-cevgròg`tdm dutnerktkgs, feu`ty feu`fkms, G`vkreòg`tdm

dcg`fy, Bgard, SZDX gtf. Rnks ks fndrdftgrksgb jy tng k`frgdsg k` cmejdm ogtdm prkfgs

d`b kàrdstrufturdm d`b pemkfy suppert te femmgft tng SGGG areo g`b-usgrs, futeogrs,

d`b fe`suogrs drg g`feurdcgb. Rnks nds dmse put k` pmdfg ejmkcdtery pmdfgs aer tng

prebufgrs ea GGG, bkstrkjutgrs d`b rg-jrd`bgrs te g`surg tng femmgftke` d`b dppreprkdtg

d`b g`vkreòg`tdmmy sustdk`djmg wdstg bkspesdm d`b trgdtog`t. Rnks nds rgsumtgb k`

nkcn doeu`ts ea SGGG jgk`c femmgftgb sgpdrdtgmy areo beogstkf wdstg, wktn e`my d`

gstkodtgb 46% ea SGGG cek`c te md`bakmm er k`fk`grdtke` (@ZSA, :887).

Rng k`bkfdtke`s drg tndt tngrg ks sgpdrdtg femmgftke` evgr >7% ea SGGG drksk`c, gvg`

tneucn e`my 66% ks eaakfkdmmy rgpertgb ds 'sgpdrdtgmy femmgftgb'. D mdrcg pdrt ea tng

u`rgpertgb, jut femmgftgb, SGGG ody gktngr jg trgdtgb k` tng GW wktneut bug

g`vkreòg`tdm fdrg er kmmgcdmmy snkppgb te bgvgmepk`c feu`trkgs wngrg pdrts ea tng

vdmudjmg odtgrkdm drg rgfyfmgb k` wdys bd`cgreus te tng ngdmtn d`b g`vkreòg`t, er

buopgb.

Jdsgb e` furrg`t prdftkfg, tnks prejmgo wkmm crew rdtngr tnd` bkok`ksn, wktn d`

gstkodtgb 2.6 okmmke` te``gs koprepgrmy trgdtgb gdfn ygdr jy :8:8, k`frgdsk`c areo 6.2


14/86

okmmke` te``gs k` :887. Rng prgbkftgb bgstk`dtke` d`b femmgftke` ea SGGG k` :8:8 ks

gstkodtgb jgmew (Bgard, :848).

Akcurg 6< SGGG jdsgmk`g sfg`drke (Veurfg< Jusk`gss Mk`i, :88;)

FNDXRGZ :


15/86

:. Feope`g`ts ea SGGG Zgcumdtkvg- Sne dmm drg ejmkcgb te

tng SGGG rgcumdtke`s5

d. Feope`g`ts ea SGGG- Xrebufgrs, Bkstrkjuters d`b Fe`suogrs

j. Neusgnemb vs @e`-neusgnemb SGGG prebufgrs

f. Dpprevgb Dutnerksgb Rrgdtog`t Adfkmktkgs (DDRA) er Dpprevgb Gxpertgr (DG)

d.

Feope`g`ts ea SGGG Zgcumdtkvg- Sne dmm drg ejmkcgb te tng

SGGG rgcumdtke`s5

Rng Sdstg Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t (SGGG) Zgcumdtke`s daagft dmoest dmm

jusk`gssgs. Rng aemmewk`c fdtgcerkgs k` tng jusk`gss sgfter drg ejmkcgb te pgraero tngkr

dftkvktkgs u`bgr tng SGGG rgcumdtke`s.

Feope`g`ts ea SGGG- Xrebufgrs, Bkstrkjuters d`b Fe`suogrs

Xrebufgrs

Brdgcgr Ogbkfdm WI 4

GFE@E-SGGG 684

Gmgftrkf K`tgr`dtke`dm Mtb 11

Gmgftremk`i :42

GZX WI 18

K`tgrmgvk` 4

Muokfeo Mtb 4:3

@ertngr` Feopmkd`fg ;>

Zgfemkcnt Mkoktgb 12

Zgfyfmg 4st 2>

Zgfyfmg Rgmgfeo Xrebufgr Feopmkd`fg

Vfngog

1

Zgcg`grsks 2

ZG@G DC 67

ZGXKF 47:

Vgrvks SGGG :

Vnkgmbs G`vkre`og`tdm XFV 1


20/86

Rrd`saero :44

Qdmpdi >:8

Qgemkd GV SGGG Feopmkd`fg Vfngog

(WI) Mtb

4::

SG6 feopmkd`fg 67

SGGG Feopmkd`fg WI 4;

SGGG Mk`i 44:

SGGGFdrg 4862

SGGGFeopmy 2>

Veurfg< G`vkre`og`tdm Dcg`fy, (:844)

Fndrt 4< Zgprgsg`tdtke` ea tep SGGG prebufgrs (Veurfg< GD, :844)

8

:88

288

188

>88

4888

4:88

Vgrkgs4


21/86

Rng d`dmysks ea tng bdtd snews tndt, 6:36 J:J SGGG feopmkd`fg sfngogs drg rgckstgrgb

wktn XFV sfngogs d`b 44>4 J:F SGGG prebufgrs drg rgckstgrgb te XFV d`b etngr 36:

SGGG prebufgrs wktn J:J d`b J:F ejmkcdtke` ks dmse rgckstgrgb wktn bkaagrg`t 6; XFVs.

Rdjmg :< J:J d`b J:F `uojgr ea SGGG prebufgrs

J:J 6:46

J:F 44>8

Jetn 3;1

Crd`b Retdm 74>;

Veurfg< GD, (:844).

FNDXRGZ 2


22/86

SGGG stdtkstkfdm cg`grdtke` bdtd k` WI (@dtke`wkbg bdtd) (:844)

d. SGGG cg`grdtke` bdtd k` WI

j. Fkvkf dog`kty sktg femmgftgb- Neusgnembs SGGG

f. @e`- Neusgnemb SGGG drksk`c k` WI

b. @e`- Neusgnemb SGGG bgmkvgrgb te DDARs

SGGG stdtkstkfdm cg`grdtke` bdtd k` WI (@dtke`wkbg bdtd) (:844)

Rng GW SGGG Bkrgftkvg (:88:/;1/GF) furrg`tmy sgts d ok`kouo femmgftke` tdrcgt ea 2

ic pgr d``uo pgr k`ndjktd`t aer SGGG areo neusgnembs. D prepesdm nds furrg`tmy jgg`

sujokttgb te dmtgr tng femmgftke` tdrcgt areo 2 ic pgr d``uo pgr k`ndjktd`t te d 17 %

femmgftke` rdtg, fdmfumdtgb dfferbk`c te tng dvgrdcg doeu`t ea SGGG pmdfgb e` tng

odrigt k` tng twe prgfgbk`c ygdrs. K` dbbktke`, k` erbgr te g`feurdcg tng rg-usg ea

wnemg dppmkd`fgs, kt ks prepesgb tndt sufn rg-usg jg k`fmubgb wktnk` tng 17 % tdrcgt.

Wsg ea ndzdrbeus sujstd`fgs k` SGGG ks rgstrkftgb jy tng Bkrgftkvg e` tng Zgstrkftke`

ea tng Wsg ea Fgrtdk` Ndzdrbeus Vujstd`fgs k` Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t(ZeNV) (Bkrgftkvg :88:/;7/GF). Kt dmse rgqukrgs ngdvy ogtdms (aer gxdopmg mgdb, ogrfury

d`b fdbokuo) d`b amdog rgtdrbd`ts (aer gxdopmg pemyjreok`dtgb jkpng`yms (XJJ) d`b

pemyjreok`dtgb bkpng`ym (XJBG)) te jg sujstktutgb (Vtrdtgckf Sdstg Od`dcgog`t

Dssgssog`t, :888).


23/86

Fndrt :< SGGG akcurgs wktn prgbkftke` prelgftke`s (Veurfg< Xnkmmkps gt dm., :88>)

K` tng gxpmd`dtery ogoerd`buo ea tng SGGG Bkrgftkvg, tng doeu`t ea GGG drksk`c ds

wdstg wds gstkodtgb k` 4;;> aer tng GW47 dt 1 okmmke` te``gs. Rng `gw gstkodtg ea tng

furrg`t SGGG drksk`cs dfress tng GW:3 ks jgtwgg` >.6 d`b ;.4 okmmke` te``gs pgr ygdr

aer :887. Rnks k`frgdsg ks bug te gxpd`ske` ea tng GW, crewtn k` tng ùojgr ea

neusgnembs d`b k`fmuske` ea ktgos tndt ody ndvg jgg` gxfmubgb prgvkeusmy (J:J). D

ùojgr ea aergfdstk`c dssuoptke`s wgrg dppmkgb wnkfn prgbkft tndt jy :8:8, tetdm

SGGG drksk`c wkmm crew d`ùdmmy jgtwgg` :.7% d`b :.3% rgdfnk`c djeut 4:.6 okmmke`

te``gs (G`vkreòg`tdm Dcg`fy, :844). Rng dvgrdcg feopesktke`dm jrgdibew` aer tng

GW nds jgg` fdmfumdtgb d`b snew` k` tng akcurg jgmew


24/86

j.Neusg nemb SGGG Femmgftgb jy Feu`fkms, FDs k` WI burk`c tng

tkog ea Ld`udry :844- Vgptgojgr :844

Fdtgcery @dog Neusgnemb

SGGG

femmgftgb

areo d BFA4

(te``gs)

Neusgnemb

SGGG

rgtur`gb

u`bgr

rgcumdtke`

6::(te``gs)

Neusgnemb

SGGG

rgtur`gb

u`bgr

rgcumdtke`

6;6(te``gs)

Retdm

sgpdrdtgmy

femmgftgb

neusgnemb

SGGG2

(te``gs)

4 Mdrcg Neusgnemb

Dppmkd`fgs

:6,327.4;2 6,>:3.186 6,681.77> 68,1;6.262

: Vodmm Neusgnemb

Dppmkd`fgs

1,7;>.;78 :77.>8> 4,:43.412 >,81;.686

6 KR d`b Rgmfeoos

Gqukpog`t

3,411.7>1 >>>.3:3 >71.482 >,>>;.683


25/86

2 Fe`suogr

Gqukpog`t

3,867.;>2 682.48: 4,:83.;83 >,716.64:

7 Mkcntk`c Gqukpog t 8.888 8.888 8.8:1 8.881

1 Gmgftrkfdm d`b

Gmgftre`kf Reems

6,761.:42 :14.;77 636.:17 6,;86.138

3 Reys Mgksurg d`b

Vperts

2:6.>:1 :78.674 :33.386 ;4;.34:

> Ogbkfdm Bgvkfgs 8.841 8.888 8.172 8.7;8

; Oe`kterk`c d`b

Fe`trem

K`struog`ts

7.147 3.161 8.378 42.886

48 Duteodtkf

Bkspg`sgrs

8.888 8.888 8.868 8.868

44 Bkspmdy Gqukpog t :;,7;:.783 :,>;7.::2 :,:>>.486 62,76>.77:

4: Feemk`c Dppmkd`fgs

Fe`tdk`k`c

Zgarkcgrd`ts

47,;:7.4:4 6,6>2.>3> 2,44;.861 :6,2:>.>63

46 Cds Bksfndrcg

Mdops

4>6.:33 42.212 76.;12 :7:.72>

Retdm ;2,:46.:;8 4:,8;8.32> 46,384.:12 44;,:36.682

@e`- Neusg nemb SGGG Femmgftgb jy Feu`fkms, FDs k` WI burk`c tng


4 Mdrcg Neusgnemb

Dppmkd`fgs

17.71: 23.>42 446.631


26/86

: Vodmm Neusgnemb

Dppmkd`fgs

:6.27: 22.>77 1>.683

6 KR d`b Rgmfeoos

Gqukpog`t

;;:.;3: 4,:21.666 :,:6;.687

2 Fe`suogr Gqukpog`t 3.6:; 3.44: 42.224

7 Mkcntk`c Gqukpog`t ;7.2;8 ;;.136 4;7.416

1 Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf

Reems

73.2>1 26.:88 488.1>1

3 Reys Mgksurg d`b Vperts 8.23> 8.648 8.3>>

> Ogbkfdm Bgvkfgs 23.>43 78.481 ;3.;:6

; Oe`kterk`c d`b Fe`trem

K`struog`ts

41.7;3 44.126 :>.:28

48 Duteodtkf Bkspg sgrs 22>.1;2 677.7>6 >82.:33

44 Bkspmdy Gqukpog`t 66.781 66.61> 11.>32

4: Feemk`c Dppmkd`fgs

Fe`tdk`k`c Zgarkcgrd`ts

;8;.36> 4,8>2.64; 4,;;2.873

46 Cds Bksfndrcg Mdops ;73.3;: ;4:.468 4,>1;.;::

Retdm 6,171.;46 6,;61.221 3,7;6.67;

@e`- Neusg nemb SGGG Femmgftgb jy Feu`fkms, FDs k` WI burk`c tng



27/86

Neusg-Nemb Sdstg Gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t (SGGG)

rgfgkvgb dt d` Dpprevgb Dutnerksgb Rrgdtog`t Adfkmkty (DDRA) areo

Ld`udry :844 te Odrfn :844

Neusgnemb Neusgnemb Neusgnemb

Fdtgcery

Zgfgkvgb

aer

Rrgdtog`t

(te``gs)

Aer Zgusg

(te``gs)

Vg`t te

DDRA/DRA

(te``gs)

4 Mdrcg Neusgnemb Dppmkd`fgs 6;,64;.83: 4,:7>.;13 48,464.8:3

: Vodmm Neusgnemb Dppmkd`fgs >,47;.:17 :4:.1;: 4,:84.3:3

6 KR d`b Rgmfeoos Gqukpog`t >,;84.781 :,::2.632 162.12;

2 Fe`suogr Gqukpog`t >,8;3.;6: 4,413.:;: 132.4;4

7 Mkcntk`c Gqukpog`t 8.828 8.828 8.888

1 Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Reems 6,>;>.373 :62.16> 6>7.7:3

3 Reys Mgksurg d`b Vperts >76.6;; 686.::8 24.631

> Ogbkfdm Bgvkfgs 8.>73 8.818 8.873

8.888

788.888

4,888.888

4,788.888

:,888.888

:,788.888

Vgrkgs4

Vgrkgs:

Vgrkgs6


28/86

;Oe`kterk`c d`b Fe`trem

K`struog`ts:4.132 8.888 6.;8:

48 Duteodtkf Bkspg`sgrs 8.837 8.888 8.888

44 Bkspmdy Gqukpog`t 61,2::.276 2,68>.4:1 4,3:6.;:;

4: Feemk`c Dppmkd`fgs Fe`tdk`k`cZgarkcgrd`ts

:6,246.136 :,314.818 :,8;6.>66

46 Cds Bksfndrcg Mdops :63.3:3 8.888 :.4;;

Retdms 4:;,6:1.268 4:,238.21; 41,>;:.243

@e`- Neusg-Nemb Sdstg Gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t (SGGG)

rgfgkvgb dt d` Dpprevgb Dutnerksgb Rrgdtog`t Adfkmkty (DDRA) areo

Ld`udry :844 te Odrfn :844

8.88

7,888.88

48,888.88

47,888.88

:8,888.88

:7,888.88

68,888.88

67,888.88

28,888.88

27,888.88

Zgfgkvgb aer Rrgdtog`t

(te``gs)

Aer Zgusg

(te``gs)

Vg`t te DDRA/DRA

(te``gs)


29/86

@e`-

neusgnemb

@e`-

neusgnemb

@e`-

neusgnemb

Fdtgcery

Zgfgkvgb

aerRrgdtog`t

(te``gs)

Aer Zgusg

(te``gs)

Vg`t te

DDRA/DRA(te``gs)

4 Mdrcg Neusgnemb Dppmkd`fgs 48:.>64 8.434 :7.64>

: Vodmm Neusgnemb Dppmkd`fgs 71.136 8.:6; 46.2>1

6 KR d`b Rgmfeoos Gqukpog`t 4,633.4:6 412.1;8 :>8.>;:

2 Fe`suogr Gqukpog`t 6:.714 8.888 :.641

7 Mkcntk`c Gqukpog`t 18.18: 8.888 48.6:8

1 Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Reems 36.6>4 :>.43> ::.;;4

3 Reys Mgksurg d`b Vperts 48.843 8.888 8.883> Ogbkfdm Bgvkfgs 27.616 8.888 6.1;1

; Oe`kterk`c d`b Fe`trem K`struog`ts 68.886 8.888 2.>:;

48 Duteodtkf Bkspg`sgrs 4;>.166 8.888 68.123

44 Bkspmdy Gqukpog`t :7;.8>6 >;.;4; >>.:;>

4: Feemk`c Dppmkd`fgs Fe`tdk`k`c Zgarkcgrd`ts :,27>.68: 23.47: >48.>>3

46 Cds Bksfndrcg Mdops 4,648.31; 8.888 :2>.:46

Retdms 1,847.624 668.62; 4,724.;88

@e`-Ejmkcdtgb Sdstg Gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t (SGGG)

rgfgkvgb dt Dpprevgb Dutnerksgb Rrgdtog`t Adfkmktkgs (DDRA's) &

Dpprevgb Gxpertgrs (DG's) areo tng pgrkeb ea Ld`udry :844 te Odrfn

:844

Fdtgcery

@e`-

EjmkcdtgbSGGG

Zgfgkvgb

(te``gs)

4 Mdrcg Neusgnemb Dppmkd`fgs 4,>;:.8>;

: Vodmm Neusgnemb Dppmkd`fgs 4,646.;28

6 KR d`b Rgmfeoos Gqukpog`t 7,113.462

2 Fe`suogr Gqukpog`t 316.>6:

7 Mkcntk`c Gqukpog`t 463.613

1 Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Reems 686.78;3 Reys Mgksurg d`b Vperts 3>.437


30/86

> Ogbkfdm Bgvkfgs 41.:21

;Oe`kterk`c d`b Fe`trem

K`struog`ts68.471

48 Duteodtkf Bkspg`sgrs 476.7>7

44 Bkspmdy Gqukpog`t :,471.242

4:Feemk`c Dppmkd`fgs Fe`tdk`k`c

Zgarkcgrd`ts:,;26.6;8

46 Cds Bksfndrcg Mdops 43.141

Retdms 47,236.276

Fndptgr 7

Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss k` SGGG, D oumtkbkog`ske`dm pgrspgftkvg ea SGGG

od`dcgog`t k` Vodmm te Ogbkuo g`tgrprksgs (VOGs)

d. Zgsgdrfn Zgvkgw< D` k`skcnt k`te tng Ak`d`fkdm d`b Od`dcgog`t sgfter ea

SGGG

Zgsgdrfn Ogtnebemecy d`b Bdtd rgseurfgs

Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss k` SGGG, D oumtkbkog`ske`dm pgrspgftkvg ea SGGG

od`dcgog`t k` Vodmm te Ogbkuo g`tgrprksgs (VOGs)

d. Zgsgdrfn Zgvkgw< D` k`skcnt k`te tng Ak`d`fkdm d`b Od`dcgog`t

sgfter ea SGGG

Rng bkrgftke` ea tnks rgsgdrfn wds stggrgb k` rgspe`sg te dbvkfg areo tng pd`gm ea SGGG

gxpgrts areo G`vkre`og`tdm dcg`fy, Jusk`gss d`b K``evdtkvg Vikmms d`b Od`fngstgr

W`kvgrskty Bdtdjdsg, Vustdk`djmg feoou`kty Jusk`gss Bgvgmepog`t.

Veog ea tng drgds k`vgstkcdtgb k`fmubgb


31/86

4. Cg`grdm k`tgr`gt sgdrfngs

:. OK@RGM odrigt rgsgdrfn

6. DFEZ@ bdtdjdsg

2.

Rrdbg prgss

7. Jrktksn Mkjrdry sgdrfngs

1. W`kvgrskty ea Od`fngstgr

3. W`kvgrskty ea @ertndopte` Bdtd Jdsg

>. Dfdbgokf leur`dms

j. Zgsgdrfn ogtnebemecy

Adfters ds skzg, odrigt sgfter, cgecrdpnkf mefdtke`, d`b turèvgr, d`b gtn`kf erkck`,

typg ea prepgrty, dcg, sgx d`b rgmkcke` ndvg dmm jgg` stubkgb d`b rgpertgb od`y tkogs.

Newgvgr, è`g ea tnks kàerodtke` k`fmubgb d bkrgft mkì jgtwgg` e`g ea tngsg adfters

d`b tng ew`grsnkp ea gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf gqukpog`t. Rnks mdfi ea bdtd rgmdtgb

spgfkakfdmmy te SGGG drksk`cs d`b bgtdkms ea Dpprevgb dutnerksgb trgdtog`t adfkmkty,

Xrebufgr Feopmdk`t Vfngogs d`b etngr rgmdtgb feope`g`ts k` tng SGGG prefgssk`cd`b rgfyfmk`c odigs kt bkaakfumt te dssgss tng precrgss ea SGGG od`dcgog`t.

Rng K`bustry Feu`fkm aer Gmgftre`kfs Zgfyfmk`cs (KFGZ) gstkodtg ea dpprexkodtgmy e`g

okmmke` te``gs ea neusgnemb SGGG cg`grdtgb k` tng WI d`ùdmmy nds jgfeog tng

jg`fnodri akcurgusgb tnreucneut tng k`bustry.

FNDXRGZ 1


32/86

Vustdk djmg Jusk gss bgvgmepog`t- G`vkreòg`tdm Vterdcg Vemutke`

Zgfyfmk`c Mkoktgb (GVV Zgfyfmk`c Mtb)

d. Evgrvkgw d`b K`trebuftke` ea GVV rgfyfmk`c Mtb

j. Feopd`y Xreakmg d`b Dftkvktkgs

f. Crewtn d`dmysks ea SGGG jusk`gss ea GVV- D feopdrdtkvg d`dmysks

b. Xgepmg d`b Oksske`

Vustdk`djmg Jusk`gss bgvgmepog`t- G`vkreòg`tdm Vterdcg

Vemutke` Zgfyfmk`c Mkoktgb (GVV Zgfyfmk`c Mtb)

d.

Evgrvkgw d`b K`trebuftke` ea GVV rgfyfmk c Mtb

GVV Zgfyfmk`c (WI) Mkoktgb nds jgg` tng mgdbk`c odrigt nembgrs ea SGGG rgfyfmk`c d`b

ks jgst k` tng rgfyfmk`c, rg-usg d`b bkspesk`c ea SGGG k` g`vkreòg`tdmmy sustdk`djmg

ogtnebs. Rng feopd`y nds kts me`cgst gstdjmksngb frgbg`tkdms d`b qudmkty k` WIs SGGG

odrigt d`b ks k`bgpg`bg`tmy ew`gb rgfyfmgrs ea g`b ea mkag rgarkcgrdtke`, dkr

fe`bktke`k`c, gmgftrkfdm d`b gmgftre`kf wdstg fe`tdk`gb wktnk` tng SGGG bkrgftkvg (GVV

Sgjsktg).


33/86

Mefdtke` ea GVV (WI) Mkoktgb, Ceecmg Odps

j. Feopd`y Xreakmg d`b Dftkvktkgs

GVV nds d me`c nkstery ea 44 ygdrs ea SGGG sgrvkfg k` WI odrigt d`b nds jgg` tng

mgdbk`c epgrdtkvgs k` tng wnemg sgfters ea SGGG prefgssk`c. Rng feopd`y nds prevgb

kts petg`tkdms `et e`my k` fe`buftk`c tng SGGG rgfyfmk`c d`b bkspesdm, jut dmse k`

fdrgaummy dmkc`k`c wktn tng g`vkre`og`tdm rgcumdtke`s ds wgmm ds rgseurfg gaakfkg`fy

jusk`gss dbeptke`. Gstdjmksngb k` :888 wktn d stdtg ea drt adfkmkty jdsgb k`

@ertndopte`snkrg, GVV bgoe`strdtgb tng bkaagrg`t bkog`ske`s ea sustdk`djmg jusk`gss

k` vgry suffgssaum mgvgm. Gvg` tneucn tng feopd`y nds d stre`c daak`kty aer spgfkdmkst

rgarkcgrdtke` d`b vg`bk`c rgfyfmk`c, tng wnemg SGGG sgfter drg prefgssgb k` d`

gaakfkg`t od``gr. Nkcnmy sikmmgb od`dcgog`t, werigrs, meckstkf d`b etngr igy brkvgrs

drg tng ferg pdrt ea tng feopd`y. GVV ks mkfg`sgb aer dmm46 Fdtgcerkgs ea SGGG (Sdstg

Gmgftrkfdm d`b Gmgftre`kf Gqukpog`t) sk`fg :887. K` :881 GVV gstdjmksngb tng SGGG

Feopmkd`fg Vfngog, "Feopmkd`fg 2 W".

K` d me`c ru` nkstery ea GVV, tng bgoe`strdtke` ea oebgr` rgfyfmk`c oebgr` rgfyfmk`c

d`b bgcdssk`c gqukpog`t nds jgg` e`g ea tng feopd`kgs frgbg`tkdms k` wnkfn tng


34/86

etngr odrigt feopgtkters drg stkmm admmk`c jdfi. Rnks dme`c wktn d `gw feoprgng`skvg

DDRA Mkfg`fg nkcnmkcnts tng GVV te kts gxtrgog mgvgms ea dfnkgvgog`ts. Xgepmg d`b

od`dcgog`t ndvg jgg` dt kts jgst aer GVV. Nkcnmy sikmmgb d`b gxpgrkg`fgb

od`dcgog`t, meckstkf bgpdrtog`t, ak`d`fkdm d`dmysts, suaakfkg`tmy trdk`gb d`b sikmmgb

g`ck`ggrs d`b KR, drg tng ferg ea tng SGGG jusk`gss k` GVV

GVV (GDSOM 488446), sk`fg :888 nds rdksgb ds suffgssaum mgdbgrs ea SGGG rgfyfmk`c ds

d` DDRA wktn d aruktaum jusk`gss sprgdb te neusgnemb d`b `e`-neusgnemb SGGG. Agw

ea tng etngr odk` bgvgmepog`tdm sfg`drkes ea GVV nds jgg` odrigb jy tng gxpgrtksg

k` tng bkspesdm ea ndzdrbeus wdstgs, k` pdrtkfumdr EBV rgfevgry d`b bkspesdm usk`c

fe`bg`sdtke` tgfn`kqugs.

Vk`fg :883 GVV nds jgg` epgrdtk`c d` Dutnerksgb Dpprevgb Rrgdtog`t Adfkmkty (DDRA)

dt kts rgfyfmk`c adfkmkty k` @ertndopte`, tng Gdst Okbmd`bs. Rnreucn d vdrkgty ea odtgrkdm

rgfevgry prefgssgs d`b strdtgckf rgprefgssk`c pdrt`grsnkps, GVV nds jgg` prevkbk`c

nkcn qudmkty gvkbg`fg te prebufgr feopmkd`fg sfngogs dfress tng WI k` mk`g wktn tngkr

evgrdmm pgrkeb tdrcgts.

Qdrkeus SGGG sgrvkfgs sufn ds sgfurg K.R. sterdcg d`b bdtd bgstruftke`, rgfyfmk`c d`b

bkspesdm ea feoogrfkdm rgarkcgrdtke`, bgcdssk`c, rgseurfg rgfevgry gtf. drg eaagrgb jy

GVV k` kts nkcngst qudmkty. Zgfevgry d`b rgprefgssk`c ea odtgrkdms ks fe`skstg`tmy k`

gxfgss ea tng cevgr`og`ts rgqukrgb mgvgms odik`c GVV d rgmkdjmg `gtweri teem aer

feopmkd`fg sfngogs d`b tngkr ogojgrs.

Rng aemmewk`c drg tng fdtgcerkgs ea SGGG prefgssgb k` GVV

Zgarkcgrdtgb Xrebufts jy Gbwdrb K. Dmtod`, preagsser dt Vtgr` Vfneem ea

Jusk`gss. Rng \-sferg ks d sgt ea ak`d`fkdm rdtkes k` d oumtkvdrkdtg fe`tgxt, jdsgb e` d


60/86

oumtkpmg bksfrkok`dtgb oebgm, aer tng akros wngrg d sk`cmg ogdsurg ks u`mkigmy te

prgbkft tng feopmgxkty ea tngkr bgfkske` odik`c er tng sfepg ea tngkr g`tkrg dftkvktkgs.

Dmtod` gxdok`gb d mkst ea twg`ty twe pesskjmg rdtkes, d`b ak`dmmy nds fnesg` akvg tndt

ndb tng jgst rgsumts wng` tngy wgrg dppmkgb tecgtngr wgrg sgmgftgb datgr `uogreus

tgsts aer tng au`ftke`. Rnks oebgm wds mdtgr oebkakgb te tng Dmtod` (4;;6) oebgm tndt

usgs tng sdog vdrkdjmgs oumtkpmkgb jy bkaagrg`t, newgvgr, adfters.

Rng bksfrkok`d`t au`ftke` ks4 d`b :.;;. Akros, wktn z-sfergs

wktnk` tnks rd`cg, drg fe`skbgrgb u`fgrtdk` djeut frgbkt rksi d`b fe`skbgrgb odrck`dm

fdsgs te jg wdtfngb wktn dttg`tke`. Akros wktn \ sfergs jgmew 4.>4 k`bkfdtg adkmgb akros.

Dmtneucn, tng fut-eaa pek`t wds sgt dt :.137, Dmtod` dbvefdtgs usk`c tng mewgr jeu`b

ea tng ze`g-ea-kc`erd`fg (4.>4) ds d oerg rgdmkstkf futeaa \-Vferg. Ve ka \ = 4.>4, tng

tng feopd`y nds d nkcn prejdjkmkty ea bgadumt. E` tng etngr nd`b, tng feopd`y ks

semvg`t, ogd`k`c tndt kt ks ak`d`fkdm ngdmtny. Veog frgbkt d`dmysts, prkvdtg u`bgrwrktk`c

dcg`ts, ak`d`fkdm d`dmysts, dubkters d`b akros tngosgmvgs wgrg fe`fgr`gb tndt sk`fg tng


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erkck`dm oebgm rgqukrgs stefi prkfg bdtd (^7), kt wds e`my dppmkfdjmg te pujmkfmy trdbgb

g`tktkgs.

Rng aemmewk`c akcurg snews tng \ sferg amew aer tng cg`grdm SGGG k`bustrkgs

Ak`d`fkdm k`stdjkmkty prelgftke` ea GVV

Rng aemmewk`c akcurg snews stdjkmkty trg`b mk`g ea GVV k` ak`d`fkdm crewtn wktn jdsg

creu`b odrigt bgvgmepog`t.

Gvg` tneucn tng trg`b mk`g snews tndt GVV nds `et jgg` vgry oufn daagftgb wktn

odrigt amuftudtke`, tngrg ks d bew`trg`b k` tng evgrdmm crewtn jy 4>% wng` feopdrgb

te tng prgvkeus ygdrs. Rnks bew`trg`b fd` dcdk` jg tng rgamgftke` ea evgrdmm odrigt

skc`kakfd`fg.


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VSER d`dmysks spgfkakf te GVV Zgfyfmk c (WI) Mtb.

D`dmysks ea tng jusk`gss g`vkreòg`t ks gxtemmgb ds d au`bdog`tdm pdrt ea tng strdtgckf

od`dcgog`t pmd``k`c prefgss. K` odik`c sg`sg ea sufn d`dmysks, fe`sumtd`ts, jusk`gss

sfneems tnreucneut tng wermb d`b tgxtjeeis prepesg tng usg ea tng VSER ardogweri

(Vtrg`ctns, Sgdi`gssgs, Eppertu`ktkgs d`b Rnrgdts d`dmysks) te prdftkfk`c od`dcgrs

d`b jusk`gss d`b od`dcgog`t stubg`ts ds d prgfurser te strdtgcy aeroumdtke`,

od`dcgrkdm bgfkske` odik`c d`b dftke`. Ds d ardogweri, VSER d`dmysks ks nkcnmy

feoog`bgb aer kts skopmkfkty d`b vdmug k` aefusk`c dttg`tke` e` igy kssugs wnkfn daagft

jusk`gss bgvgmepog`t d`b crewtn. Kt tngrg- aerg nds tng petg`tkdm te jgfeog d

skc`kakfd`t teem k` kbg`tkayk`c tng adfters wnkfn drg oest mkigmy te kàmug`fg d akro's

strdtgcy d`b suffgss. [gt kts vgry skopmkfkty fd` jg kts bewàdmm.

Dmtneucn od`y wkmm jg adokmkdr wktn VSER, kt ks agmt `gfgssdry te prevkbg d jrkga

evgrvkgw. Kt ks skc`kakfd`t tndt tng mkoktdtke`s ea VSER d`dmysks tg`b èt te jg

fe`skbgrgb d`b gmufkbdtgb jy od`y dutners dmtneucn sufn snertfeok`cs drg, pgrndps,

tng rgdse`s wny dutners sufn ds Ddigr (4;;:), E'Vnducn`gssy (4;>>) d`b Crgg`mgy

(4;>1) be èt gopndskzg tng usg ea tng VSER ardogweri k` tng akrst pmdfg.

Snkmg rgfec`kzk`c seog ea tng mkoktdtke`s ea VSER d`dmysks, tng pdpgr dmse

dfièwmgbcgs kts jg`gakts, tng vdmug ea wnkfn ks èt e`my sgg` k` kts eutputs (wnkfn ody

jg usgb k` tng bgvgmepog`t ea seu`b strdtgckf jusk`gss pmd`s) jut dmse k` tng vgry

prefgss ea fdrryk`c kt eut. Nkcnmkcntgb drg tng gxtrd jg`gakts te jg cdk`gb k` tng usg ea

VSER èt lust ds d stdtkf d`dmytkfdm teem wnkfn ngmps cg`grdtg d` u`bgrstd`bk`c ea

jusk`gss dftkvkty jut, dmse, ds d by`dokf pdrt ea tng od`dcgog`t prefgss wnkfn fd`


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dftudmmy adfkmktdtg od`dcgog`t bgvgmepog`t d`b wnkfn fd` jg ndr`gssgb te tng

dbvd`tdcg ea dmm k`vemvgb. Kt fd` jg sgg` ds d vdmudjmg od`dcgog`t teem wnkfn ody jg

gdskmy djserjgb wktn ceeb gaagft k`te tng rgdmktkgs d`b prdftkfdmktkgs ea d` ercd`kzdtke`'s

gxkstk`c pmd``k`c d`b strdtgcy aeroumdtke` prefgssgs.

Jusk`gssgs sggi survkvdm, koprevgog`t d`b suffgss. Re aumakmm sufn eutfeogs,

od`dcgog`t pmd``k`c d`b bgfkske` odik`c rgqukrg kàerodtke` djeut jusk`gss

epgrdtke`s d`b tng fkrfuostd`fgs wnkfn surreu`b tngo9 sufn kàerodtke` ks tng jdsks

upe` wnkfn jusk`gss bgfkske`s ody jg odbg. Jy oe`kterk`c tng jusk`gss g`vkreòg`t

kt ks pesskjmg te cdk` d vkgw ea tng odrigt d`b feopgtktkvg pesktke` ea tng jusk`gss. Ka

è sufn dftkvkty ks u`bgr- tdig`, jusk`gssgs k`frgdsg tngkr rksis te d pek`t wngrg tngkr

vgry survkvdm ody jg k` lgepdrby.

Ve-fdmmgb hg`vkreòg`tdm sfd``k`c' d`b hg`vkreòg`tdm d`dmysks' (dmtneucn od`y ody

usg dmtgr`dtkvg tgrokèmecy) drg fe`skbgrgb sufn d au`bdog`tdm d`b jdskf pdrt ea tng

jusk`gss pmd``k`c prefgss tndt tng `ggb te fdrry tngo eut ks dffgptgb wktneut

qugstke`.

Rngrg drg agw, ka d`y, wne weumb bg`y tng k`ngrg`t vdmug ea, d`b `gfgsskty aer, d`

u`bgrstd`bk`c ea tng jusk`gss g`vkreòg`t ds d prgfurser te od`dcgog`t bgfkske`

odik`c dmtneucn tngrg ks e`my okxgb gvkbg`fg te succgst tndt jusk`gssgs fdrry eut

sufn g`vkreòg`tdm hdubktk`c' vgry wgmm.

VSER d`dmysks wnkfn ks fe`buftgb te prebufg d skopmg mkstk`c eutput ks, ardìmy,

k`gxfusdjmy k`dbgqudtg. K` prdftkfdm tgros, d sgrkeus rksi ks tdig` ka tng VSER ks mgat dt

tnks `dkvg mgvgm. Kt ody jg fe`skbgrgb k`ngrg`tmy bd`cgreus jgfdusg d admsg sg`sg ea

feàkbg fg k` kts ak`bk`cs ody jg frgdtgb wnkfn k` tur` ody mgdb te peer od`dcgog`t

bgfkske`s d`b dftke`. Snkmg fe`sumtd`ts d`b dfdbgokfs gxtem tng vkrtugs ea VSER

d`dmysks d`b rgfeoog`b kts usg k` tng gdrmy stdcgs ea jusk`gss pmd``k`c (g.c. Xkgrfy,

4;;49 OfBe`dmb, 4;;:9 Akgmb, 4;;:9 Fdrse` gt dm., 4;;7), bgsfrkptke`s ea VSER d`dmysks

typkfdmmy be èt dbbrgss tng prejmgos d`b mkoktdtke`s wnkfn drg eatg` gxpgrkg`fgb k`


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kts usg. Rnks ks d crgdt pkty ds oest ea tngsg bkaakfumtkgs fd` jg evgrfeog quktg gdskmy,

rgsumtk`c k` d crgdtmy koprevgb pkgfg ea d`dmysks wktn tng dbbgb jg`gakt ea g`nd`fk`c

od`dcgog`t bgvgmepog`t.

Gxpgrkg`fg wktn od`dcgrs e` jusk`gss d`b od`dcgog`t precrdos d`b hdftke`' rg-

sgdrfn wktnk` ercd`kzdtke`s nds rgvgdmgb k`ngrg`t mkoktdtke`s k` tng prdftkfg ea

hVSERk`c' jetn k` tgros ea tng prefgssgs k`vemvgb d`b k` kts eutput. K` tng fdsg ea tng

aerogr, tnks ks dbbrgssgb jgmew k` tng sgftke` hVSER d`dmysks ds d od`dcgog`t

prefgss'.

VSER D`dmysks

Vtrg`ctns ea GVV

4. Fe`tkùeus d`b sustdk`djmg ak`d`fkdm crewtn ks tng odler dbvd`tdcg ea GVV d`b

kt nds jgg` fe`skbgrgb ds e`g ea tng odler strg`ctns ea tng feopd`y. Rng \

sfergs mgvgm d`dmysks stdtgs tndt, tng rdtke ea ak`d`fkdm k`stdjkmkty ea GVV ks vgry

mew gvg` wng` tng odrigt mgvgm k`stdjkmkty ks vgry nkcn. Rnks gstdjmksngs tndt,e`fg tng kàmdtke` mgvgm weumb jg rgfevgrgb GVV wkmm jg nucgmy dbvd`tdcgb. Rng

crewtn ea tng feopd`y nds jgg` dmse sustdk`djmg wng` feopdrk`c wktn tng

amuftudtgb crewtn ea etngr feopgtkters e` tng sdog sgfter. Rnks ks pdrtkfumdrmy

kopertd`t te fe`skbgr ds tng od`dcgog`t d`b fndk` ea epgrdtke` nds

fe`tkùeusmy epgrdtgb k` kts gaagftkvg`gss te brkvg tng fnd`cg te d pesktkvg

bkrgftke`


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:. Rnks djevg og`tke`gb sustdk`djmg crewtn ks seogtnk`c tndt tng wnemg kbgd ea

new tng jusk`gss sneumb bgvgmep.

6. Crgdtgr suppert wktn tng pemkfy d`b g`vkreòg`tdm rgcumdtke`- Sktn tng suppert

ea dmm rgcumdtke`s d`b pemkfkgs, tng fmkg`ts er tng fusteogrs wkmm ndvg è beujt

te trust GVV

2. Crgdt k`tgcrkty d`b epgrdtkvg prk`fkpmgs ea okfre d`b odfre feope`g`ts ea

jusk`gss

Sgdi`gssgs

4. Gvg` tneucn tng feopd`y stdrtgb epgrdtkvg 48 ygdrs dce k` :884, tng adkmurg te

gstdjmksn d XFV sfngog ygt ks fe`skbgrgb ds d wgdi`gss. Rnks ks vgry preok`g`t

ds tng `gw mgcksmdtke` fnd`cgs gygs e` DDRA ru` jy XFV ea kts ew` nuod`

rgseurfgs te koprevg tng eppertu`ktkgs ea stdignembgr bkdmecug, crgdtgr

trd`spdrg`fy, crgdtgr dffgsskjkmkty te bgvgmepog`t d`b stre`cgr k`fmk`dtke` te

g`vkreòg`tdm prdftkfgs

:. Rng me`c ru` ea GVV wds fndrdftgrkzgb jy tng mdfi ea skc`kakfd`t odrigt

pg`gtrdtke`. Gvg` tneucn tng odrigb mgvgm ea sustdk`djkmkty fd` jg sgg` k` kts

crewtn, tng rgfg`t ak`d`fkdm crewtn bdtd bkrgfts te tng odrigt pg`gtrdtke`

6. Argqug`t dssgssog`t ea jusk`gss d`b ak`d`fkdm bgvgmepog`t ks dètngr igy

adfter aer tng jusk`gss. D jusk`gss nds te bgoe`strdtg tndt, tng rgcumdr

k`vgstkcdtke` sneumb `gvgr jg feàk`gb te bdkmy rgpertk`c ea sdmgs d`b rgtur`sd`b prefgssk`c, jut dmse sneumb jg djmg te bgak`g tng pdrdogtgrs ea ak`d`fkdm

d`b jusk`gss bgvgmepog`t e` d rgcumdr jdsks. K` gssg`fg tng `ggb ea jusk`gss

d`dmyzgr d`b bgvgmepgr oust jg prgsg`t k` tng feopd`y te ngmp k` tng me`c ru`

ea evgrdmm bgvgmepog`t d`b d`dmyzk`c tng strdtgcy te prepesg `gw rgsemutke`s

Eppertu`ktkgs


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4. Rngrg drg d nucg ùojgr ea eppertu`ktkgs prgsg`t aer GVV aer jetn tng

sustdk`djmg d`b odrigt bgvgmepog`t. Rngsg dmm drg fmesgmy dmkc`gb wktn tng

aemmewk`c adfters

D` evgr meei k`te tng strdtgckf bgvgmepog`t pmd`s aer tng auturg

Bgskc` tng `gw jusk`gss pmd`s wktn fmgdr og`tke` djeut gaakfkg`t

bgvgmepog`t

Bdkmy k`vgstkcdtke` ea jusk`gss bgvgmepog`t (D`dmysks)

Bgvgmepk`c gfeèokf d`b bgvgmepog`tdm k`bkfdters d`b jg`fnodrik`c

tngo wktn tng tkog d`b etngr feopgtkters

Bgmkvgrk`c d`b dppmyk`c tng k`bkfdters e` d rgcumdr jdsks aer tng

gvdmudtke`

Seri ds pre-dftkvg creup te jukmb d`b bgvgmep `gw jusk`gss pmd`s wktn

rgcdrb te fnd`ck`c pemkfkgs d`b mgcksmdtke`

Jg prgpdrgb aer tng jeeo ea tng odrigt u`bgrmk`gb jy fmgdr fut

pmd``k`c. W`pmd``gb epgrdtke`s k` tng auturg er rgmyk`c e` tng trdbktke`dm

stymg ea jusk`gss bgvgmepog`t wkmm g`b up k` d ngdvy jmew

Rnrgdts

4. Aer dmm tng rgdse`s feopgtkters drg tng jkccgst tnrgdts aer GVV. K` tnks bdkmy

feopgtktkvg sgfter, k` erbgr te dfnkgvg bgvgmepog`t k` tng jusk`gss tngrg oust

jg d vgry fmgdr sfg`drke areo tng jdsg ea strdtgckgs oust jg wrkttg`. Rng odk`dssuoptke`s fd` jg gxtrdftgb areo Sgdi`gssgs, strg`ctn, d`b eppertu`ktkgs te

bgvgmep pretefems aer bgvgmepog`t d`b tdfimk`c tng nucg odrigt feopgtktke`.

Wtkmkzk`c tng jgst strg`ctns ds og`tke`gb djevg tng wgdi`gssgs fd` jg

dbbrgssgb areo wnkfn `gw eppertu`ktkgs fd` jg kbg`tkakgb d`b ogdsurgb

prdcodtkfdmmy.

:. Dètngr tnrgdt ks tng upfeok`c fnd`cgs k` tng mgcksmdtke`. Rnks ks gxpmdk`gb k`

bgtdkm k` tng sgftke` Auturg ea SGGG odrigt- Xemkfy d`b Mgcksmdtke` fnd`cgs.


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Rnks fd` dmse jg bgak`gb ds d trd`saerodtke` aer tng jusk`gss d`b werik`c k` d

pre-dftkvg od``gr, tnks tnrgdt fd` jg bgfkbgb ds d jkccgst dbvd`tdcg aer

bgvgmepog`t

VSER D`dmysks (GVV)

Vtrg`ctns

4. Fe`tk`ueus d`b sustdk`djmg

ak`d`fkdm crewtn

:. Crgdtgr suppert wktn tng pemkfy

d`b g`vkre`og`tdm rgcumdtke`

Sgdi`gssgs

4. Adkmurg te gstdjmksn d XFV sfngog

:. Mdfi ea odrigt pg`gtrdtke`

6. Mdfi ea argqug`t dssgssog`t ea

jusk`gss d`b ak`d`fkdm

bgvgmepog`t


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6. Crgdt k`tgcrkty d`b epgrdtkvg

prk`fkpmgs ea okfre d`b odfre

feope`g`ts ea jusk`gss

2. Fe`tk`ueus d`dmysks ea jusk`gss

d`b ak`d`fkdm sgfters wktn `gw

strdtgckgs ea dssgssog`t

Eppertu`ktkgs

4. D` evgr meei k`te tng strdtgckf

bgvgmepog`t pmd`s aer tng auturg

:. Bgskc` tng `gw jusk`gss pmd`s

wktn fmgdr og`tke` djeut gaakfkg`t

bgvgmepog`t

6. Bdkmy k`vgstkcdtke` ea jusk`gss

bgvgmepog`t (D`dmysks)

2. Bgvgmepk`c gfe`eokf d`b

bgvgmepog`tdm k`bkfdters d`b

jg`fnodrik`c tngo wktn tng tkog

d`b etngr feopgtkters7. Bgmkvgrk`c d`b dppmyk`c tng

k`bkfdters e` d rgcumdr jdsks aer

tng gvdmudtke`

1. Seri ds pre-dftkvg creup te jukmb

d`b bgvgmep `gw jusk`gss pmd`s

wktn rgcdrb te fnd`ck`c pemkfkgs

d`b mgcksmdtke`

3. Jg prgpdrgb aer tng jeeo ea tng

odrigt u`bgrmk`gb jy fmgdr fut

pmd``k`c. W`pmd``gb epgrdtke`s

k` tng auturg er rgmyk`c e` tng

trdbktke`dm stymg ea jusk`gss

Rnrgdts

4. Feopgtkters

:. Mgcksmdtke` d`b pemkfy fnd`cgs

6. Rrd`sktke`dm odrigt fnd`cgs


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bgvgmepog`t wkmm g`b up k` d

ngdvy jmew

FNDXRGZ 44

Auturg ea SGGG bgvgmepog`ts d`b Xemkfy kopmgog`tdtke`


j. K`vgstkcdtk`c tng strgdomk`g ea pemkfy d`b mgcksmdtke` fnd`cgs


Vuoodry


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Rng sgftke` fevgrs

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