ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point...
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Transcript of ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point...
![Page 1: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ESS 303 – Biomechanics
Linear Kinematics
![Page 2: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Linear VS Angular
Linear: in a
straight line (from
point A to point B)
Angular: rotational
(from angle A to
angle B)
A B
A
B
![Page 3: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Kinematics VS Kinetics
Kinematics: description of motion
without regard for underlying forces
Acceleration
Velocity
Position
Kinetics: determination of the
underlying causes of motion (i.e., forces)
![Page 4: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Linear Kinematics
The branch of biomechanics that deals with the description of the linear spatial and temporal components of motion
Describes transitional motion (from point A to point B)
Uses reference systems2D: X & Y axis3D: X, Y & Z axis
![Page 5: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Linear Kinematics
A
B
![Page 6: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What About This?
A
B
![Page 7: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What About This?
A
B
![Page 8: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Some Terms
Position: location in space relative to a reference
Scalars and vectorsScalar quantities: described fully by
magnitude (mass, distance, volume, etc)
Vectors: magnitude and direction (the position of an arrow indicates direction and the length indicates magnitude)
![Page 9: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Some Terms
Distance: the linear measurement of space between points
Displacement: area over which motion occurred, straight line between a starting and ending point
Speed: distance per unit time (distance/time)Velocity: displacement per unit time or
change in position divided by change in time (displacement/time)
![Page 10: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What About This?
A
BDistance & SpeedDistance & Speed
Displacement & VelocityDisplacement & Velocity
![Page 11: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Graph Basics
A (1,1)
B (4,3)
C (5,2)
D (2,1)
X
Y
![Page 12: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SI Units
Systeme International d’Units
Standard units used in science
Typically metricMass: Kilograms
Distance: Meters
Time: Seconds
Temperature: Celsius or kalvin
![Page 13: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
More Terms
Acceleration: change in velocity divided by change in time (Δ V / Δ t) (m/s)/sAcceleration of gravity: 9.81m/s2
Differentiation: the mathematical process of calculating complex results from simple data (e.g., using velocity and time to calculate acceleration)
Derivative: the solution from differentiation Integration: the opposite of differentiation (e.g.,
calculation of distance from velocity and time)
![Page 14: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Today’s Formulas
Speed = d / tVelocity = Δ position / Δ tAcceleration = Δ V / Δ tSlope = rise / runResultant = √(X2 + Y2)
Remember: A2 + B2 = C2
SOH CAH TOASin θ = Y component / hypotenuseCos θ = X component / hypotenuseTan θ = Y component / X component θ
![Page 15: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Sample Problems
A swimmer completes 4 lengths of a 50m poolWhat distance was traveled?What was the swimmer’s displacement?
Move from point (3,5) to point (6,8) on a graphWhat was the horizontal displacement?What was the vertical displacement?What was the resultant displacement?
![Page 16: ESS 303 – Biomechanics Linear Kinematics. Linear VS Angular Linear: in a straight line (from point A to point B) Angular: rotational (from angle A to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf951a28abf838c910c5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Sample Problems
A runner accelerates from 0m/s to 4.7m/s in 3.2 secondsWhat was the runner’s rate of acceleration?
Someone kicks a football so that it travels at a velocity of 29.7m/s at an angle of 22° above the groundWhat was the vertical component of
velocity?What was the horizontal component of
velocity?