Getting High on Espresso!

• Why do we automate?

• Do you trust your tests 100%?

• Synchronization

Why are they flaky?

Why Flakiness?

UI Thread

Motion down

Test Thread Click

Motion Up

AssertSleep Assert

ANDROID INSTRUMENTATION FRAMEWORK

Android Test Automation Frameworks

UI Automator

Robotium

AppiumCalabash

JUNIT

Simple & Easy

•Developers/QAs avoid installing heavy tools•Doesn’t want to learn new language just for testing stuff.•Make it easy for developers and QA so that they do it

Reliable

• do{ Thread.sleep(5000)} while (!loaded) assert(“Let me have a coffee until it loads”)

• Synchronizing multiple threads

Durable

• Antonym of fragile• Test should not break if String of any

resource has changed• Refer the elements by resource id rather

than content description

ANDROID INSTRUMENTATION FRAMEWORK

Android Test Automation Frameworks

UI Automator

Robotium

AppiumCalabash

JUNIT

How Espresso Works?

Main Thread

Motion down

Test /Instrumentatio

n Thread

Motion Up

Test Case

Some work in queue Espresso

AssertActionBlocked

Enough of talk! Let’s CodeClone the repository git@github.com:ketansoni/android-booksearch-demo.git

Automation scenario

1. Launch app2. Tap on search icon3. Search using keyword “Android Testing”4. Count the number of items returned5. View the item details6. Share the item and verify it is shared

How to install?• Add following in your build.gradle of your app and sync it

dependencies {//Testing dependenciesandroidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.5'androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2’

}

• Set the Instrument Runner in android.defaultconfig

android {defaultConfig {testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner”

}

Settings

• On your device, under Settings->Developer options disable the following 3 settings:o Window animation scaleo Transition animation scaleo Animator duration scale

Launch app• In your app/src/androidTest/java/com.codepath.android.booksearch

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)public class ApplicationTest {

@Rule public ActivityTestRule<BookListActivity> mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule(BookListActivity.class);

@Test public void test() { }}

Syntax

• onView(Matcher). perform(ViewActions) . check(ViewAssertions)

Tap on search Icon

• onView(withId(R.id.action_search)).perform(click());

Search using keyword “Android Testing”

• onView(withId(R.id.search_src_text)) .perform(typeText("Android Testing"), pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER));

Count the number of items returned

public static int getListViewCount(final int id) { final int[] counts = new int[1]; onView(withId(id)).check(matches(new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() { @Override public boolean matchesSafely(View view) { ListView listView = (ListView) view; counts[0] = listView.getCount(); return true; }

@Override public void describeTo(Description description) { } }));

return counts[0]; }

assertThat("No. of reminders are: ", getListViewCount(R.id.lvBooks), CoreMatchers.equalTo(1));

View the item details

onView(withText("Android application testing guide")) .perform(click());

What is intent?• Intents facilitate communication between

components called Activities

• Types– Explicit– Implicit

Explicit Intent• E.g. start a service to download a file in the

background

Implicit Intent• E.g. you want to share a photo

Share the item and verify intent

Add dependenciesandroidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents:2.2.2'

//IntentsRulepublic IntentsTestRule<BookListActivity> mActivityRule = new IntentsTestRule(BookListActivity.class);

Share the item and verify intent// Build a result to return when a particular activity is launched. Intent resultData = new Intent(); Instrumentation.ActivityResult result = new Instrumentation.ActivityResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, null);

// Set up result stubbing when an intent sent to "contacts" is seen. intending(hasAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND)).respondWith(result);

// User action that results in ”external message" activity being launched. // Launching activity expects title to be returned and displays it on the screen.onView(withId(R.id.action_share)).perform(click());

// intent validation with existing Intent matchers:Matcher<Intent> intentMatcher = AllOf.allOf( hasAction(Intent.ACTION_CHOOSER), hasExtras(AllOf.allOf( hasEntry(Matchers.equalTo(Intent.EXTRA_TITLE), Matchers.equalTo("Share Image")))));

// Assert that data we set up above is shown. intended(intentMatcher);

Command-Line?

• ./gradlew connectedAndroidTest

Need HTML Report?

• Spoon to your rescue• Awesome library from foursquare• Spoon runs tests on all devices detected by adb. • Generates easy, meaningful summary in HTML.• Takes a screenshot for debugging• Runs tests parallel on multiple simulators as well

as real devices

Install spoon• Add into your build script dependencies

buildscript { repositories { mavenCentral() maven { url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public' } }

dependencies { classpath 'com.stanfy.spoon:spoon-gradle-plugin:1.0.2' classpath 'com.squareup.spoon:spoon-runner:1.2.1' }}

apply plugin: 'spoon’

packagingOptions { exclude 'LICENSE.txt'}

spoon { debug = true adbTimeout = 3000}

//To Run and generate report./gradlew spoon

Spoon Reports

Supports

• IntentsoExplicito Implicit

• Web control• Custom ViewMatchers for nested controls• Custom Failure Handler

Advantages

• Google supports it • Blazingly Fast• Deterministic as test thread is synchronized

with main thread• Custom Matchers• Debugging become easy because you can view

nested control using hierarchy viewer• No new language to be learned specially for

testing

Tools Comparison

Thank you

ketan_soni

ketansony@gmail.com

References:

https://www.raywenderlich.com/103044/android-intents-tutorial

http://testdroid.com/tech/top-5-android-testing-frameworks-with-examples

https://github.com/emmasuzuki/EspressoSpoonDemo