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ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use

Overview of ESA EO4SD Climate Resilience ClusterCarlos Domenech

ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use ESA EO4SD Climate Resilience Cluster | 28/06/2018 | Slide 2

Climate resilience for sustainable development

Credit: Chinadialogue.net

Climate change is one of the most important human-induced global changes. As it progresses, interactions between climate impacts and socio-economic systems put increasing pressure on the livelihoods of poor countries.

Resilience has emerged as a key concept for policy and programme development. Building climate resilience is defined as the ability to anticipate, absorb, accommodate, or recover from climate change in a timely and efficient manner (IPCC, 2012).

Credit: IPCC

Credit: IPCC


How can EO data help?

Earth observation (EO) is the gathering of information about planet Earth’s physical, chemical and biological systems. EO data are suitable for climate resilience decision making because they:

Offer manifold possibilities for monitoring climate-induced environmental changes

Complement existing climate data or substitute non-existent data

Are useful for gathering homogenous, high resolution, long-term time-regular information in regions not easily accessible or with safety concerns

Provide the basis for products addressing specific challenges facing the IFIs and their client states

Provide invaluable information about hazards, but also the exposure / vulnerability of humans and their assets

Feature higher resolution with regards to model data, and spatially uniform data with regards to sparse ground measurements

EO is of particular interest for Africa due to the scarcity of quality data to assess the climate risks and potential impacts. Measures of vulnerability, hazards and exposure are relying on ground-based measurements or modelled data, not sufficient

EO data

Land cover, land use, climate data…

Impacts of climate change

Analyses

Decision-making

Mapping

Capacitybuilding


ESA EO4SD Climate Resilience Cluster

The ESA EO4SD Climate Resilience project encapsulates heterogeneous andmulti-disciplinary knowledge to provide answers about the real potential of Earthobservation in supporting climate resilience decision making at the regionaland national level and in collaboration with key IFIs and their client states.The consortium is led by GMV and composed of Telespazio VEGA UK, GeoVille,National Observatory of Athens, Acclimatise and SISTEMA.


EO-based climate services

The project will develop a series of EO-based climate services in partnership with stakeholders (e.g. IFIs, NMHSs) and innovators (e.g. citizens, entrepreneurs) to derive high-level data products supporting the monitoring and management of climate change risks

The EO-based climate services will adopt a comprehensive view of risk as promoted by the IPCC AR5 risk model. This also means integrating EO-based, socioeconomic, and other relevant data in order to achieve a holistic view of climate-related risks. In doing this, climate resilience opportunitieswill be easier to identify.

The specific data requirements will derive from user needs identified through the stakeholder engagement and can be different depending on individual demands.

IPCC AR5 risk model



Satellite EO data

In-situ data

Climate projections

Climate indicators

Socioeconomic indicators

Information about actual climate risks & climate resilience building opportunities – can be applied to e.g. index-based insurance, ecosystem-based adaptation, and many more…


EO4SD Climate Resilience: Project objectives

The project has several objectives:

• EO-based integrated platform

o EO-based climate services

o User-driven reports

• Stakeholder engagement

o IFIs/MDBs (World Bank, ADB,

IADB, AfDB, etc.)

o Relevant development

programmes and initiatives

• Capacity building

Soil moisture mapping by GeoVilleVegetation index time series accumulated Spring precipitation by SISTEMA.

Flood extent mapping by NOA for Copernicus EMS Potential habitat degradation by GeoVille


Project objectives: EO-based climate information platformThe project aims to develop an EO-based integrated platform for the provision of climate services, including the screening of climate indicators and assessment of climate change risks. The user-friendly and advanced front-end will provide the end-user with:

Time series analyses of climate related data

Global and regional climate projections Easy assessment of climate anomalies

and extreme events Algorithms to derive the specific added-

value information Large data variety to face the

complexity of environmental issues


Project objectives: EO climate services portfolio


User-driven reports

The EO-based climate information platform will also integrate user-driven reports, which include

User-relevant information about the results

User-relevant context for policy development and decision-making

User-friendly language to understand delivered results

Links to existing programmes or projects

Links to relevant publications and literature for further information


Capacity building: Activities

This cluster will go beyond supporting projects and programs by enabling local and regionalauthorities (including NMHS) in IFI client states to autonomously execute EO-based operations.It provides an important step towards self-sustainability and providing them with necessarytools to for long-term exploitation of EO-based services in support of climate adaptation

Modular, standalone online training programme (Digital Academy): possibility to train& learn remotely, can be linked to existing IFI programmes, could be hosted on FutureLearn

Offering flexibility: stand alone or combined with other training

Disseminating promotional material through digital media and events of opportunity

Dissemination material covering topics of interest, capitalising on the audience of interest

A M&E framework and stakeholder feedback for continuous improvement

A series of use cases, with interviews and assessment of information value

Organisation of specific ad-hoc events to raise awareness of project goals


Preliminary countries and regions of interest

A final list of countries will be defined in partnership with IFIs by December 2018.


Thank you!

For more information, please contact

Project lead: Carlos Domenech | [email protected]

ESA Technical Officer: Anna Burzykowska | [email protected]


BACK UP SLIDES


Example of climate service: Drought

Estimate of drought annual repartition based on Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI); satellite monitoring could in part provided through e.g. Terra/Aqua MODIS and Sentinel 3A/B. Precipitation monitoring using GPM. Data available through the global SPEI database.

Relevance to target regions:

E.g. in Ethiopia dry conditions and droughtare a risk to farming in many parts of thecountry. While droughts have always plaguedthe country, their magnitude, frequency andintensity have significantly increased sincethe 1970s.


Soil moisture mapping by GeoVille

Vegetation index time series from 2007-present (top) and accumulated Spring precipitation from 2007-2018 (bottom) by SISTEMA.


Flood extent mapping by NOA for Copernicus EMS


Example of climate service: Flood

Extent of major flood events. Monitoring flooded area through e.g. Sentinel 1 C-SAR and water levels using Sentinel 2 SRAL.

Relevance to target regions:

E.g. Bangladesh is prone to flooding due to its location on the Ganges Delta and the many distributaries flowing into the Bay of Bengal. Coastal flooding, combined with the bursting of river banks is common. Extensive floodplains and coastlines increase the countries exposure to flood risk significantly.



Example of climate service: Index-based insurance to hedge risks in for insurance sector

Index-based insurance is an effective way to build agricultural resilience to climate variability and change, covering risks from local to national level. Pay outs are made when a predetermined index (e.g. soil moisture, rainfall) that can be measured from satellite exceeds a determined threshold. Verification of losses at field level are not necessary once the index is tuned to a region and pay out thresholds are defined.

So

il m

ois

ture

an

om

aly

map

by

Geo

Vill

e

Flow chart of the index-based insurance service (inputs in brown, processing in green, outputs in red)



Provision of Essential Climate Variables (ECVs): Global EO-based climate data for atmosphere (e.g. precipitation, greenhouse gases, aerosol and cloud properties), land (e.g. land cover, soil moisture, FAPAR, glaciers) and ocean (e.g. sea level, sea-surface temperature, ocean colour)

Reduction of risks driven by extreme events: Identify vulnerabilities to climate change and to develop atlas of climate-related risks.

Support to sustainable energy production: Provide supporting services to the wind power industry in the fields of wind resource assessments, and weather and power forecast.

Ecosystem service value: Support effective ecosystem-based adaptation, management, and valuation by providing maps of habitat quality and potential habitat degradation.

Po

ten

tial

hab

itat

deg

rad

atio

n b

y G

eoV

ille

NDVI and rainfall estimates by SISTEMA


Project objectives: Stakeholder engagementThe project is aimed at transforming the downstream part of the ESA EO4SD Climate Resilience Clusterchain, not simply providing EO-based services. This implies sound knowledge of all stages of climate resilience decision making from a procedural point of view and independently of the technology that would be selected to monitor and support this process.

This approach will be applied to selected flagship programmes implemented in Central America andCaribbean, East Africa, Central Asia and South Asia and led by the key actors of climate finance:

World Bank (WB)

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

Africa Development Bank (AfDB)

International Finance Corporation (IFC)

Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)


Main development programmes and initiatives

Climate Investment Funds (CIF)

Climate Technology Programme (CTP)

The Green Climate Fund (GCF)

The Global Environment Facility (GEF)

Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)

Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)

Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) & Africa Support Programme

Oasis Hub

and others to be identified in Phase 1


Project objectives: Capacity building

The project is a break-through milestone for a new paradigm of supporting operational institutional users

The EO4SD Climate Resilience Cluster effort aims towards self-sustainability of operations that can be autonomously executed by local and regional bodies

Capacity building will be provided to identified actors (e.g. regional agencies, NMHSs) to prepare them for long-term exploitation of EO-based services addressing climate change adaptation solutions

The project set up will also provide users with opportunities to autonomously conceive new services and products customised to their needs


Capacity building: Strategy

The goal to transfer a capacity to IFIs, users and stakeholders in developing countries by guiding long-term exploitation of EO-based services addressing CR solutions.

Capacity Building

Trainee training with physical

sessions Support the Trainee with

physical & remote sessions

Trainee monitoring based on remote

means

End users/ Stakeholders:• IFI staff• National/regional/local CS

governments• Providers in CS





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