Esa 2016 filazzola - water limitation and consumer pressure in the desert
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Transcript of Esa 2016 filazzola - water limitation and consumer pressure in the desert
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The effect of consumer pressure and abiotic stress on positive plant-interactions is mediated by droughtAlessandro Filazzola, Amanda Liczner, Michael Westphal, & Christopher J. Lortie
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mechanisms of positive plant-interactions
Filazzola & Lortie 2014
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Gómez Aparicio,‐ et al. 2005
shrubs ameliorate abiotic stress
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shrubs reduce consumer pressure
Barbosa et al. 2009
insect abundance mammalian herbivory
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most studies only examine one stressor
Filazzola & Lortie 2014
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additional stressors change predictions
Smit et al. 2009
No herbivoresWith herbivores
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additional stressors change predictions
Crain et al. 2008
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RII 0
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local gradients alter microscale association among plants
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Shrubs facilitate the annual community by concurrently reducing consumer pressure through associational resistance and ameliorate abiotic stress by increasing soil moisture
hypothesis and predictions
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?
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study site and extreme drought
2014 2016
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1 - 6X 15
Design Water level
1 - 6X 5
Replication
Experimental design for 2014
Plots/sample size (N/n)
60 / 5
180 / 15
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0/1X 15
Design Water level
0/1X 15
Replication
Experimental design for 2016
Plots/sample size (N/n)
60 / 15
60 / 15
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E. californica ameliorates abiotic stress
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Effect Biomass 2014 Biomass 2016
Soil moisture + +Microsite + +
Consumer pressure -Microsite * soil moisture
Microsite * consumer pressure +Microsite * consumer pressure *
soil moisture
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E. californica reduces consumer pressure
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facilitation had a greater effect than water addition or consumer pressure
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an invasive species was facilitated more strongly than subordinates
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RII 0
-1
+1
-1+1
E. californica facilitates regardless of soil moisture or consumer pressure
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precipitation can increase phytophagous insects and attract non-resident herbivores
Patten 1998; Augustine & McNaughton 2006; Retzer & Miehe 2005
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precipitation mediates mechanism of facilitation
drought above average rainfall
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precipitation increases relative difference among shrub and open microsites
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Augustine & McNaughton 2006
herbivory does not affect productivity when rainfall and soil fertility are high
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species specificity changes predictions
Maestre et al. 2009
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dominant-mediated distribution of invasives
Survival of experimentally planted seedlings of Taraxacum officinale within and outside Azorella monantha cushions at 3200 m a.s.l.
Cavieres et al. 2007
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invasive beneficiaries negative affect benefactors
Rodrıguez-Buritica & Miriti 2009
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loss of invasive and native species
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implications
Interacting stressors alter predictions on positive plant interactions
Precipitation mediates stressors and mechanisms of facilitation in desert environments
The life strategy of beneficiary species relates to the facilitation effects
Shrubs in arid environments may be support non-native invasion
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Thank youDr. Chris LortieDr. Sapna SharmaDr. Bridget StutchburyDr. Michael WestphalDr. Diego SotomayorThe Ecoblender LabBLM: Central Coast Field Office
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@alex_filazzola
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