Chairman and Editor:

EDMUND D. PELLEGRINO, Georgetown Unlversity School of Medidne

Associate Editor:

H. TRISTRAM ENGELHARDT,JR., Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Medical Center, Houston

Sponsoring Institute:

Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University

Editorial Board:

Baruch Brody, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Medical Center, Houston; K. Danner Clouser, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center; Alex C. Michalos, University of Guelph; Mary C. Rawlinson, State University of New York at Stony Brook; Kenneth F. Schaffner, University of Pittsburgh; Mark Siegler, University of Chicago; Stuart F. Spieker, University of Connecticut Health Center; Robert M. Veatch, Kennedy Institute of b'thics, Georgetown University; LeRoy B. Walters, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University; Marx W. Wartofsky, Baruch College, New York; Richard M. Zancr, Vanderbilt University.

Advlsory Board:

Darrel W. Amundsen, Bellingham; William B. Bean, University of Iowa; Tom L. Beauchamp, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University; Chester R. Burns, University of Texas Medfc5,1l Branch at Galveston; Alexander M. Capron, Georgetown University Law Center; James Childress, University--of Virginia; Edmund L. Erde, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New jersey; Anne M. Fagot-Largeault, University of Paris XII; Joel Feinberg, University of Arizona, Tucson; Samuel Gorovitz, University of Maryland; Rudolf Gross, University of Cologne; James M. Gustafson, University of Chicago; Otto E. Guttentag, University of California, San Francisco; Fritz Hartmann, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Angela R. Holder, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale; Loretta Kopelman, East Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville; Laurence B. McCullough, Georgetown University School of Medicine; Ernan McMullin, University of Notre Dame; Everett Mendelsohn, Harvard University; Jose Luis Peset, Instituto "Arnau de Vilanova"; F. C. Redlich, Neuro­psychiatric Unit Institute (UCLA), Los Angeles; Kazem Sadegh-zadeh, University of MUnsteri Hans-Martin Sass, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University; Earl E. Shelp, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Medical Center, Houston; Peter Singer, Monash University, Clayton; Holly M. Smith, University of Arizona, Tucson; Robert C. Solomon, University of Texas, Austin; Lloyd G. Stevenson, The johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; Lewis Thomas, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Stephen Toulmin, University of Chicago; Bernard Towers, Univ.ersity of California, Los Angeles; J. H. van den Berg, Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden; Wolfgang Wieland, Universitiit Freiburg.

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THE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHILOSOPHY

Vol. 9 No. 1 February 1984

EMBODIMENT AND REHABILITATION

Erwin W. M. Straus, M.D., Ph.D. (h.c.) LL.D. (h.c.)

in memoriam

(October 11, 1891-May 20, 1975)

Issue Editors: Stuart F. Spieker and Edmund D. Pellegrino

Frontispiece [Photograph: Erwin Walter Maximillian Straus]

'Back to the Origins': Erwin Straus- Philosopher of Medicine, Philosopher in Medicine Edmund D. Pellegrino and Stuart F. Spieker

PART I: EMBODIMENT

Descartes, Consciousness, and Depersonalization: Viewing the History of Philosophy from a Strausian Perspective AvnerCohen

Medicine and Paradigms of Embodiment Drew Leder

Pregnant Embodiment: Subjectivity and Alienation Iris Marion Young

PART II: REHABILITATION

The Corporeality of Shame: Px and Hx at the Bedside Fritz Hartmann (translated by Martin Hartmann)

Immobility and the Self: A"Clinical-Existential Inquiry Ellen W. Bernal

Ability, Dis-Ability and Rehabilitation: A Phenomenological Description RobertS. Williams, Jr.

Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus (compiled by S. F. Spieker)

Book Review:

Kosmos Anthropos: Entwurfe zu einer Philosophie des Leibes, by Heinrich Schipperges

1

3

7

29

45

63

75

93

113

Donald Moss 121

THE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHILOSOPHY

Sponsored by the joseph and Rose Kennedy Institute of l:'thics, Georgetown l 'niversity, tt'ashington, D.C., L·'.S.A., 20057

This quarterly publication has been established under t~c auspices of the So_ciety .for Health and. Hum~n Values to explore the shared themes and concerns of philosophy and the mcdtcal sciences. CcntraiLssues tn medical research and practice have important philosophical dimensions, for in treating disease and promoting health, medicine involves presuppositions about human goals and values. Conversely, the concerns of philos­ophy often signifiCantly relate to those of medicine, as philosophers seck to apprehend the nature of kn()Wl· edge and the human condition in the modern world. In addition, recent developments in medical technology and treatment raise ethical problems which overlap with philosophical interests. The .fvurn,ll of .\fedicim: and Philosophy aims co provide an ongoing forum for the discussion of these themes and issues.

In general each issue of the journal will be centered on a theme determined and announced in advance by the Editorial Board. Themes for issues now-in preparation include:

Problems in Medical Decision-making Lay Medical Ethics Genetic Engineering Images of Man in Medicine Philosophy of Medicine

In addition to issues of the journal centered on selected themes, the editorial policy also provides for the publication of nonthematic issues. While a certain number of papers arc invited for thematic issues, un· solicited papers may be addressed to the preannounced topic of a specific issue or to any significant topic in the relationships of medicine and philosophy. Especially suitable for nonthematic issues would be com­mentaries, critiques, and responses to previously published papers. In this way the Editorial Board hopes to establish an active forum for a continuing dialogue on fundamental philosophico-medical questions to which any scholar may contribute. Unsolicited papers should be sent to:

Managing Editor, The journal of Medicine and Philosophy, The Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, U.S.A.

The .C."ditorial Board acknowledges with gratitude a grant fronz the UpjoJm Company which nzakes possible the publication of the Joumal.

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The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy is published 4 times per annum: February, May, August, and November. Subscription prices, per volume: Institutions$ 40.50, Individuals$ 19.50. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. USPS No, 589-490. U.S. Mailing Agent: Expediters of the Printed Word Ltd., 527 Madison Avenue (Suite 1217), New York, NY 10022. Published by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Voorstraat 479-483, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrccht, Holland, and 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, U.S.A.

Postmaster: please send all address corrections to: c/o Expediters of the Printed Word Ltd., 527 Madison Avenue {Suite 1217), New York, NY 10022, U.S.A.

ERWIN WALTER MAXIMILLIAN STRAUS, M.D.

112 Robert S. Williams, Jr.

Stanton, E.: 1970, Clients Come Last, Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, California. Straus, E. W. 1970, 'The phantom limb', in E. W. Straus (ed.), Phenomenology

Pure and Applied, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., pp. 130-148. (See 'Bibliography', in this issue, entry 80.)

Straus, E. W.: 1966, Phenomenological Psychology, Basic Books Inc., New York. Straus, E. W.: 1969, 'Psychiatry and Philosophy', in M. Natanson (ed.), Psy­

chiatry and Philosophy, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 1-83. (See 'Bibliog­raphy', in this issue, entries 66 and 78.)

Van Den Berg, J. H.: 1962, 'The human body and the significance of human movement', in H. M. Ruitenbeek (ed.), Psychoanalysis and Existential Philos­ophy, E. P. Hutton & Co., Inc., New York, pp. 90-129.

VanWeelden, J.: 1967, On Being Blind, Netherlands Society for the Blind, Vondelstraat 128, Amsterdam.

VonUexkull, J.: 1957, 'A stroll through the world of animals and men', in C. H. Schiller (ed.), Instinctive Behavt'or, International Universities Press, New York, pp. 5-83.

VonUexkull, J.: 1926, Theoretical Biology, Harcourt Brace, New York. Williams, R.: 1982, review of Deloach and Greer: 1981, Adjustment to Severe

Physical Disability, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, in Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 13,47-48.

Wright, B. A.: 1960, Physical Disability: A Psychological Approach, Harper & Row, New York.

I I

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE WORKS OF

ERWIN W. STRAUS

1. (1919) Straus, E. W.: 'Zur Pathogenese des chronischen Morphinismus', Monatsschrift for Psychiatrie und Neurologie 46, 1-20. Inaugural Disserta­tion zur Erlangung der medizinschen Doktorwiirde an der Friedrich~

Wilhelms-Universitoit zu Berlin. 2. (1922) Struas, E. W.: 'Anthroposophie und Naturwissenschaft', Klinische

Wochenschrift 1(19), 958-960, May 6. 3. (1924) Straus, E. W. and Wohlwill, F.: 'Der Hitzschlag', SpeziellePathologie

und Therapie innerer Krankheiten 2, 445-454. 4. (1924) Straus, E. W. and Wohlwill, F.: 'Nichteitrige

Centralnervensystems', Spezielle Pathologie und Krankheiten 2, 455-464.

Entziindungen des Therapie innerer

5. (1924) Straus, E. W.: 'Zur Logik und Psychologic des Okkultismus', Klinische Wochenschrift 19, 843-846.

6. (1925) Straus, E. W.: 'Wesen und Vorgang der Suggestion', Monatsschrift for Psychiatrie und Neurologie, Heft 28; PmW, pp. 17-70. The English translation, 'Nature and Process of Suggestion', will appear in Erwin Straus: Suggestion and the Interhuman World: Three Studies in Anthropological Psychology, trans. by Donald Moss, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1984.

7. (1925) Straus, E. W. and Guttmann, E.: 'Die Nosologische Stellung der Akroparoisthesien', Klinische Wochenschrift 44, 1-6; reprinted in Deutsche Zeitscrift for Nervenhet1kunde 88, 24 7-253.

8. (1926) Straus, E. W.: 'Das Problem der Individualitiit', Die Biologie der Person: Bin Handbuch der allgemeinen und speziellen Konstitutionslehre 1, 25-34. The English translation, 'The Problem of Individuality', is currently being translated by Donald Moss.

9. (1926) Straus, E. W.: Atlas der Elektrodiagnostik, Stilke Verlag, Berlin. 10. (1927) Straus, E. W.: 'Uber Suggestion and Suggestibilitiit', Schweizer

Archiv for Neurologie und Psychiatrie 20, 23-43. The English translation, 'Concerning Suggestion and Suggestibility', will appear in Erwin Straus: Suggestion and the Interhuman World. Three Studies in Anthropological Psychology, trans. by Donald Moss, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1984.

11. (1927) Straus, E. W.: 'Dem Andenken an Richard Cassirer', Zeitschrift for die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie 108(5 ), 813-818.

The journal of Medicine and Philosophy 9 (1984), 113.

114 Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus

12. (1927) Straus, E. W.: 'Untersuchungen iiber die postchoreatischen MotiliM toi tsstOrungen insbesondere die Beziehungen der Chorea minor zum Tic', Monatsschrift for Psychiatrie und Neurologie 66(5/6); PmW, pp. 71-125.

13. (1928) Straus, E. W.: 'Das Zeiterlebnis in der endogenen Depression und in der psychopathischen Verstimmung', Monatsschrift for Psychiatrie und · Neurologie 68, 640-656; PmW, pp. 126-140.

14. (1929) Straus, E. W.: '0ber die organische Natur der Tics und der Koprola­lie', Zentralblatt for die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie 47(11/12), 698-699.

15. (1930) Straus, E. W.: Geschehnis und Erlebnis: Zugleich eine historiol­ogische Deutung des psychischen Traumas und der Renten-Neurose, Julius Springer Verlag, Berlin. The English translation, Event and Experience, in Man, Time, and World: Two Contributions to Anthropological Psychology, trans. by Donald Moss, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., (1982), pp. 1-40.

16. (1930) Straus, E. W.: 'Zwang und Raum', Bericht ii.ber den V. allgemeinen arztlichen Kongress for Psychotherapie in Baden-Baden, April 26-29, p. 1.

17. ( 1930) Straus, E. W.: 'Die Form en des Riiumlichen', Der Nervenarzt 3(11), 633-656; PmW, pp. 141-178. The English translation, "The Forms of Spatiality', in PP, pp. 3-37.

18. (1931) Straus, E. W.: 'Bemerkungen zu dem Internationalen Neurologen­kongress in Bern 1931', Der Nervenarzt 4(11), 661-663.

19. (1931) Straus, E. W.: 'Zur Psychologic und Psychopathologie der Senti­mentalitat', Zentralblatt for die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie 62(5/ 6), 399-400. The English translation, 'Toward a Psychology and Psychopathology of Sentimentality', trans. by Donald M. Moss, journal of Phenomenological Psychology 11(1), 111-115 (Spring, 1980).

20. (1932) Straus, E. W.: 'Schlussbemerkungen zu H. Prinzhorns "Berich­tigung" ', Der Nervenarzt 5(3), 145-148.

21. (1933) Straus, E. W.: 'Die Scham als historiologisches Problem', Schweizer Archiv for Neurologie und Psychiatrie 31(2), 339-343;PmW, pp. 179-186. The English translation, 'Shame as a Historiological Problem', in PP, pp. 217-224.

22. (1935) Straus, E. W.: Vom Sinn der Sinne, Julius Springer Verlag, Berlin. (1956) Straus, E. W.: Vom Sinn der Sinne, 2nd ed. revised and enlarged, Julius Springer Verlag, Berlin. (1963) Straus, E. W.: The Primary World of Senses: A Vindication of Sensory Experience, J. Needleman (trans.), Free Press of Glencoe, New York.

23. (1935-1936) Straus, E. W.: 'Le Mouvcmcnt vccu', Recherches Philoso­phiques 5, 112-138. The English translation, 'Lived Movement', in PP, pp. 38-58.

24. (1936) Straus, E. W.: 'Die Paroxysmale Lahmung', Handbuch der Neurologie 16, 1023-1045, Verlag von Julius Springer, Berlin.

I_

I

I

Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus 115

25. (1937) Straus, E. W.: 'Descartes' Bedeutung fiir die moderne Psychologie', Travaux du IXe Congres International de Philosophie, Congres Descartes, Paris, 3(1-6), 52-59, Hermann et cie Editeurs, Paris. The English transla­tion, 'Descartes's Significance for Modern Psychology', in PP, pp. 188-194.

26. (1938) Straus, E. W.: 'Ein Beitrag zur Pathologie der Zwangserscheinun­gen', Monatsschrift for Psychiatrie und Neurologie 98, 63-101; PmW, pp. 187-223. The English translation, 'The Pathology of Compulsion', in PP, pp. 296-329.

27. (1940) Straus, E. W.: 'Psychological and Clinical Aspects of Space',]oumal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 91(5), 648-649. An abstract of a paper delivered to the Boston Society of Psychiatry and Neurology (K. Goldstein) in 1939 and printed as part of the Society's Proceedings.

28. (1940) Straus, E. W.: 'The Dead Letter and the Living Word', prepared at Black Mountain College, N.C. (December), 5 p., unpublished.

29. (1941) Straus, E. W.: 'Education in a time of Crisis', Black Mountain College Bulletin, No. 7. This paper is a revision of an address originally delivered on May 5, 1940, during the College's First Annual Visitor's Week and a few days before the invasion of Holland and Belgium.

30. (1941) Straus, E. W.: 'Psychology of Phobias',]oumalofThe Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 57(2), 196-197.

31. (1942) Straus, E. W.: 'Depersonalization: Its Significance for Psychology and Psychopathology', J oumal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 58(2), 124.

32. (1943) Straus, E. W.: 'Some Imponderables Influencing Morale', Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 59(2 ), 112.

33. (1946) Straus, E. W.: 'The Life and Work of Karl Wilmanns', The American Journal of Psychiatry 102(5 ), 688-691.

34. (1947) Straus, E. W.: 'Disorders of Personal Time in Depressive States', Southern Medical]oumal40(3), 254-259; reprinted in PP, pp. 290-295.

35. (1948) Straus, E. W.: On Obsession: A Clinical and Methodological Study. Nervous and Mental Disease Monographs, No. 73, Coolidge Foundation, New York, x + 92 pp.

36. (1949) Straus, E. W.: 'Die aufrechte Haltung, Eine anthropologische Studie', Monatsschrift for Psychiatrie und Neurologie 117(4/5/6), Festschrift for Professor Karl Bonhoeffer on his 80th birthday; PmW, pp. 224-235. The English translation, 'The Upright Posture', in PP, pp. 137-165. See Psy­chiatric Quarterly 26, 529-561, 1952. The German version is also reprinted in ]enseits von Resignation und fllusion, Moritz Diesterweg, Frankfurt a/ Main, 1971. This volume commemorates the 450th anniversary of the founding of Dr. Straus' Gymnasium in Frankfurt a/Main, Germany. The English translation reappeared in R. Zaner and D. Ihde (eds.), Phenome­nology and Existentialism, Capricorn Books, G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1973, pp. 232-259.

37. (1949) Straus, E. W.: 'Die Asthesiologie und ihre Bedeutung fiir das

116 Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus

Verstandnis der Hai.Iuzinationen', Zeitschrift for Psychiatrie und Neurologie, Vol. 182; PmW, pp. 236-269. The English translation, 'Aesthesiology and Hallucinations', in R. May ( ed. ), Existence: A New Dinension in Psychiatry and Psychology, Basic Books, New York, 19'58, pp. 139-169.

38. (1950) Straus, E. W.: 'Die Entwicklung der amerikanischen Psychiatrie zwischen den Weltkriegen', Archiv fiir Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten 184, 133-150. PmW, pp. 270-288.

39. (1951) Straus, E. W.: 'Rheoscopic Studies of Expression', American journal of Psychiatry 108(6 ), 439-443; reprinted in English in PmW, pp. 289-297 and PP, pp. 225-233.

40. (1951) Straus, E. W.: 'The Autonomy of Questioning', Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders 113,67-74.

41. (1951) Straus, E. W.: 'Ludwig Binswanger zum 70, Geburtstag', DerNer­venarzt 22(7), 269-270.

42. (1952) Straus, E. W.: 'The Sigh: An Introduction to a Theory of Expression', Tijdschrift voor Philosophie 14e(4), 1-22; reprinted in PmW, pp. 298-315 and PP, pp. 234-251. The German translation, 'Der Seufzer: Einfiihrung in eine Lehre vom Ausdruck', Jahrbuch for Psychologie und Psychotherapie 2, 113-128, 1954.

43. (1953) Straus, E. W.: 'Der Mensch als ein fragendes Wesen', Jahrbuch for Psychologie und Psychotherapie 1, 139-153; PmW, pp. 316-334. The English translation, 'Man: A Questioning Being', in PP, pp. 166-187; re­printed from Tijdschrift voor Philosophie 17e(1), 3-29, 1955.

44. (1955) Straus, E. W., Ferguson-Rayport, S. M., and Griffith, R. M.: 'The Psychiatric Significance of Tattoos', Psychiatric ();tarterly 29, 112-131.

45. (1955) Straus, E. W. and Griffith, R. M.: 'Pseudoreversibility of Catatonic Stupor', American Journal of Psychiatry 3(9), 680-685; reprinted in PmW, pp. 335-346 and PP, pp. 330-339.

46. (1956) Straus, E. W., Jokl, E., and Kessler, H. H.: 'Neuromuscular Perfor­mance and Sensory Receptivity in a Triple Congenital Amputee', journal of the American Medical Association 161,439-440.

47. (1956) Straus, E. W.: 'Some Remarks About Awakeness', Tijdschrift voor Philosophie 18e(3); reprinted in PmW, pp. 347-363 and PP, 101-117.

48. (1956) Straus, E. W.: 'On the Form and Structure of Man's Inner Freedom', Kentucky Law Journal 45(2), 255-269; reprinted in PmW, pp. 364-376.

49. (1957) Straus, E. W.: 'Der Archimedische Punkt', Tirage a part de Recontre/ Encounter/Begegnung. Contributions a une Psychologie humaine dediees au Professeur F. J. J. Buytendijk, Uitgeverij het Spectrum, Utrecht&Ant­werpen; reprinted in PmW, pp. 377-397. The English translation, 'The Archimedian Point', in Man, Time, and World: Two Contributions to Anthropological Psychology, trans. by Donald Moss, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1982, pp. 141-164.

50. (1958) Straus, E. W.: 'Formen and Formeln', Psychiatrie und Gesellschaft, Hans Huber Verlag, Bern/Stuttgart; reprinted in PmW, pp. 398-408.

Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus 117

51. (1958) Straus, E. W.: 'The Brain and Human Behavior: Comments and Discussion', Research Publication, Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease, Vol. XXXVI, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp. 140-141, 271-279,464-465.

52. (1958) Straus, E. W.: 'Objektivitiit', Jahrbuch for Psychologie und Psy­chotherapie 6{1/3); reprinted in PmW, pp. 409-426. The English transla­tion, 'Objectivity', in PP, pp. 118-133.

53. (1958) Straus, E. W.: 'Viktor E. Freiherr von Gebsattel 75 Jahre', Der Nervenarzt 29(5), 233-234 (erroneously signed 'Jiirg. Zutt').

54. (1959) Straus, E. W.: 'Report: The Fourth International Congress of Psy­chotherapy, Barcelona, Spain, September 1-7, 1958', Psychosomatic Medicine, new series, 21{2), 158-164.

55. (1959) Straus, E. W.: 'Human Action: Response or Project', Confinia Psychiatrica 2(3--4 ), 148-171; reprinted in PP, pp. 195-216.

56. (1956) Straus, E. W.: 'Fenomenologia Del Recuerdo Y Amnesia Infantil', Psiquitria y Psicologia M€dica, Ano VII, Torno IV, No. 2, Revista Trim estral, Barcelona, pp. 155-159. The expanded English version, 'Phenomenology of Remembering and Infantile Amnesia', Acta Psychotherapeutica et Psy­chosomatica 8(5 ), 334-351, 1960; reprinted as 'Remembering and Infantile Amnesia, in PP, pp. 59-74.

57. (1959) Strus, E. W.: 'Victor Emil Freiherr von Gebsattel zum 75. Geburt­stag', Jahrbuch for Psychologie und Psychotherapie 6( 4 ), 303-306.

58. (1959) Straus, E. W. and Lyons,J.: 'The Effects of Barbiturates in Catatonic Stupor', presented June 10, 1958 at the 11tird Annual Research Conference on Chemotherapy Studies in Psychiatry, VA Hospital, Downey, Illinois, pp. 79-84.

59. (1960) Straus, E. W.: 'The Existential Approach to Psychiatry', read as part of a Symposium on 'Man's Inner World, The Resources of Religion and Depth Psychology', February 19, 1960, Unitarian Symposium No. 4, Cincinnati, Ohio; Published in J. H. Smith (ed.), Psychiatry and the Humanities, Vol. I, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1976, pp. 127-143.

60. (1960) Straus, E. W.: 'Uber Gediichtnisspuren', Der Nervenarzt 31{1), 1-12. The English translation, 'On Memory Traces', Tijdschrift voor Philosophie 24e(1), 1-32, 1962; reprinted in PP, pp. 75-100.

61. (1961) Straus, E. W.: 'Norm and Pathology of !-World Relations', Diseases of the Nervous System, Monograph Supplement 22(4), 1-12; reprinted in PP, pp. 255-276.

62. (1961) Straus, E. W.: 'Diskussionsbemerkungen zu vorstehenden Beitragen von W. von Baeyer, P. Matussek und W. Jacob', Der Nervenarzt 32(12), 551-552.

63. (1961) Straus, E. W.: 'Signals, Signs, and Symbols', Psychiatric Research Reports, No. 14, pp. 1-14, December.

64. (1962) Straus, E. W.: 'Phenomenology of Hallucinations', in L. J. West

118 Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus

(ed.), in Hallucinations, Grune and Stratton, New York, pp. 220-232; reprinted in PP, pp. 277-289.

65. (1963) Straus, E. W.: 'Die Verwechslung von Reiz und Objekt, Jhr Grund und ihre Folgen', Anthropologische und naturwissenschaftliche Grundlagen der Pharmako-Psychiatrie 2, 4-32. The English translation, 'The Confussion of Stimulus and Object, Its Basis and Consequences', will appear in Erwin Straus: Suggestion and the Inter­human World: Three Studies in Anthropological Psychology, trans. by Donald Moss, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1984.

66. (1963) Straus, E. W.: 'Psychiatrie und Philosophie', Psychiatrie der Gegenwart 1(2), .926-994. Translated into English and printed in Psy­chiatry and Philosophy, No. 78.

67. (1963) Straus, E. W.: 'tiber StOrungen des Zeiterlebens bei seelischen Erkrankungen', Zeit in nerveniirztlicher Sicht, herausgegeben von G. Schaltenbrand, Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 14-16.

68. (1963) Straus, E. W.: 'Zum Sehen Geboren, Zum Schauen Bestel!t: Betrachtungen zur "Aufrechten Haltung" ', Werden und Handeln, herau­sgegebenen von Eckart Wiesenhiitter zum 80. Geburtstag v. V. E. Freiherrn von Gebsattel, Hippokrates-Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 44-73. The English translation, 'Born to See, Bound to Behold', in Tijdschrift voor Philosophie 273(4), 659-688, 1965. This article is reprinted inS. F. Spieker (ed.), The Philosophy of the Body, Quadrangle Books, Chicago, 1970, pp. 334-361.

69. (1964) Straus, E. W.: 'Chronognosy and Chronopathy', Phenomenology: Pure and Applied, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Penn., pp. 142-165; also opening remarks of the Conference, pp. 3-9.

70. (1964) Straus, E. W.:, 'Uber Anosognosie', ]ahrbuch for Psychologie und Psychotherapie 11(1), 26-42. The English translation, 'Anosognosia', in Phenomenology of Will and Action, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Penn., 1967, pp. 103-126; also comments of Dr. Abraham Wikler, pp. 127-131; Dr. Straus, pp. 135-137. 'Anosognosia' is a revised version of 'Dher Anosognosie'.

71. (1965) Straus, E. W.: 'The Expression of Thinking', in J. M. Edie (ed.), An Invitation to Phenomenology, Quadrangle Books, Chicago, pp. 266-283.

72. (1965) Straus, E. W.: 'The Sense of the Senses', The Southern Journal of Philosophy 3(4), 192-201; reprinted in D. Van de Vate, Jr. (ed.), Persons, Privacy and Feeling: Essays in the Philosophy of Mind, Memphis State University Press, Memphis, Tenn., 1970.

73. (1966) Straus, E. W.: 'Dem Andenken Ludwig Binswangers (1881-1966)', Der Nervenarzt 37(12), 529-531.

74. (1967) Straus, E. W.: 'An Existential Approach to Time', Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 138(2), 759-766.

75. (1969) Straus, E. W.: '"Discussion" of Dr. Lehmann's existentialist view of dream interpretation', in M. Kramer (ed.), Dream Psychology and the New Biology of Dreaming, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill., pp. 165-171.

Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus 119

76. (1969) Straus, E. W.: 'The Polarity of Sensory Experience -The Spectrum of Senses', journal for the Study of Consciousness 2(1), 24-35. Presented at the First International Conference on Consciousness and Creativity, the St. Vincent Medical Center, New York City, October 1967.

77. (1969) Straus, E. W.: 'Embodiment and Excarnation', Psychological Issues 6(2), Monograph 22, 217-236; 'Discussion', pp. 237-250. This article is a reworked and expanded version of 'The Expression of Thinking'. It was

originally delivered at a meeting in 1965 (see No. 71). 78. (1969) Straus, E. W.: 'Psychiatry and Philosophy', in M. Natanson (ed.),

Psychiatry and Philosophy, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 1-83; also the 'Preface' by Straus and Natanson, pp. v-ix. This is an English translation of

No. 66. 79. (1970) Straus, E. W.: 'Phenomenology of Memory', in (1965), Phenome­

nology of Memory, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Penn., pp. 45-63. 80. (1970) Straus, E. W.: 'The Phantom Limb', Phenomenology Pure and

Applied: Aisthesis and Aesthetics, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh,

pp. 130-148. 81. (1970) Straus, E. W.: 'The Miser', in J. M. Edie, F. H. Parker and C. 0.

Schrag (eds.), Patterns of the Life World, Northwestern University Press, Evanston, pp. 157-179.

82. (1971) Straus, E. W., Aug, R. C., and Ables, B. S.: 'A Phenomenological Approach to Dyslexia', Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 1(2), 225-235.

83. (1974) Straus, E. W.: 'Sound, Words, Sentences', Phenomenology, Pure and Applied: Language and Language Disturbances, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, Penn., pp. 81-105.

84. (1975) Straus, E. W.: 'The Monads Have Windows', Phenomenological Perspectives: Historical and Systematic Essays in Honor of Herbert Spiegelberg, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, pp. 130-150.

85. (1975) Straus, E. W.: 'L'Observateur Oublie' Present a Henri Maldiney, :Editions L'Age d'Homme, S. A. Lausanne, pp. 235-248.

MISCELLANY

1. (1942) Straus, E. W.: 'A Proposal for the Education of Veterans (GI Bill)', prepared at Black Mountain College, N. C., unpublished.

2. (1961) Zutt, Jiirg: 'Erwin Straus - 70 Jahre', Der Nervenarzt 32(10), 437-438.

3. (1966) von Baeyer, W. and Griffith, R. M. (eds.): Conditio Humana: Dr. Straus on his 75th Birthday (Festschrift), Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidel­berg-New York.

PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSES

1. (1968) Grene, M.: 'Erwin W. Straus', Approaches to a Philosophical Biology, Basic Books, Inc., New York, pp. 183-218.

120 Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus

2. (1982) Grene, M.: 'Landscape', in Bruzina, R. and Wilshire, B. (eds.), Phenomenology: Dialogues and Bridges, State University of New York Press, Albany, N.Y., pp. 55-60.

3. (1972) Spiegelberg, H.: 'Erwin W. Straus (b. 1891): Phenomenological Rehabilitation of Man's Senses', Phenomenology in Psychology and Psy­chiatry: A Historical Introduction, Northwestern University Press, Evanston, Ill., pp. 261-279.

OBITUARY

1. (1975) Eng, E.: 'A Man of Sensitivity', Sunday Herald-Leader, Lexington, Kentucky, May 25; excerpted from the 'Eulogy for Erwin Straus' offered by E. Eng on May 22, 1975 in Lexington.

2. (1975) 'Doctor Who Fled Germany, E. W. Straus Dies at 83', The Lexington Leader, May 20, p. 18.

3. (1976) Brautigam, W.: 'Erwin Straus, 1891-1975', Der Nervenarzt 47, 1-3.

4. (1976) Spiegelberg, H.: 'Erwin Straus (sic) (1891-1975)', Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 7(1), 69-70.

Also see:

1. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 7(1) (Fall, 1976). This entire issue is devoted to the work of Erwin Straus.

2. Moss, Donald. 'Erwin Straus and the Problem of Individuality', Human Studies 4 (1981), 49-65.

EDITORS' NOTE

The collected works of E. W. Straus, M.D. are contained in the Simon Silverman Phenomenology Center of Duquesne University Library, Pittsburgh, PA.

The 'Bibliography' includes eighty~five entries. In addition, Straus published two volumes of collected papers: (1) Psychologie der menschlichen Welt (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Gottingen, Heidelberg, 1960), hereafter PmW and (2) Phenomenological Psychology (Basic Books, Inc., New York, 1966), hereafter PP; the Spanish translation, Psicologia fenomenologica (Editorial Paidos, Biblioteca Psicologias del Seglo XX, Vol. 25, Buenos Aires, 1971), is also in print. These volumes are not registered within the numbered series since each paper in the two collections has its own entry number.

As the founder of the 'Lexington [Kentucky J Conferences on Phenomen~ ology: Pure and Applied', Straus edited the proceedings of these Five Confer~ ences, which were eventually published by Duquesne University Press. At each conference Dr. Straus delivered his own paper, and they are noted as entries 69 (Vol. I, 1964), 70 (Vol. II, 1967), 79 (Vol. JII, 1970), 80 (Vol. IV, 1970), and 83 (Vol. V, 1974). The year of each Conference and its publication do not jibe, since publication was often delayed.

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I

BOOK REVIEW

Heinrich Schipperges: 1981, Kosmos Anthropos: Entwiirfe zu einer Philosophie des Leibes (Cosmos Anthropos: Sketches toward a Philosophy of the Body), Klett.Cotta, Stuttgart, Germany, 484 pp., DM 140;approx. U.S. $95.00.

The present day interest in holistic health, wellness, yogic cultivation of the body, and the so-called "organic" life styles, all of which seek a balance among body, mind, and surrounding world, provides the backdrop for Schipperges' historical and philosophical inquiry. In this work, Schipperges attempts to salvage those forgotten perspectives in the pre-modern understanding of the body, which disclose a holistic view of the human being, comprising in one entity man and world, body and person. For Schipperges these lost perspectives comprise an autonomous philosophical anthropology, an integral philosophy of man's existence, embodiment, and cosmos.

Schipperges' volume commences with an historical survey which, however brief, is crucial in establishing the context and themes of the more detailed analyses which follow. The remainder of the volume develops the themes of health and illness, medicine and the healing arts, and man's body and cosmos, as found in the works of Paracelsus, Novalis, and Nietzsche.

Initially Schipperges ·traces the older implicit philosophy of the body historically, finding signs of it in the healing arts, codes of life conduct, and religious systems of ancient civilizations, transmitted in a continuum of traditional practices and beliefs comprising a "regimen sanitatis" over three millennia. Schipperges criticizes the history of medicine for Its excessive focus on the "history of great doctors," and calls for attention to the "life-world of health" - the domain of everyday attitudes toward sickness and health, folk remedies and advice, and the underlying concepts of embodiment

Donald Moss, psychologist in private practice, 16521 Taft, Spring Lake, Ml 49456, U.S.A.

The journal of Medicine and Philosophy 9 {1984), 121.