ergy november - Ganga Action Parivar | Clean Ganga. Green ...renewable energy source is not only...
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Transcript of ergy november - Ganga Action Parivar | Clean Ganga. Green ...renewable energy source is not only...
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India is one of the fastest growing countries in the world, with a population of approximately 1.2 billion people. With the rapid and profound increase in the population, and the booming urbanization, an increasing demand for electricity naturally ensues. More than three billion people in developing countries like India today rely on traditional biomass, such as firewood and cow dung, for cooking and heating. About one and a half billion people are still without electricity. Meeting the electricity needs of rural India, which is currently over 70% of India's total population, promises not only the provision of life's basic necessities but also provides more opportunities for adequate education. It is especially critical for the empowerment of women and girls. Therefore, the provision of basic energy services to all is vital for the progress of the nation.
The current model of development, however, is largely dependent on our finite coal and fossil fuel resources which are quickly depleting. In Northern India this unsustainable model also includes large hydropower projects on the River Ganga; these projects not only dry up the river -- leaving dozens of kilometers of riverbed absolutely dry with innumerable villagers deprived of not only electricity but also water -- and they are also irreparably detrimental to Ganga's natural ecology and ecosystem.
Ganga Action Parivar (GAP) is dedicated to preserving and protecting our environment, starting with our nation's sacred rivers and their tributaries, while simultaneously ensuring that all aspects of society are protected and benefited. In the present time it is vital that we find this much needed balance between the preservation of the environment and the 'vikas' or development of a fast-growing nation in order to ensure a truly sustainable future for our planet.
This search for a sustainable balance has led GAP to delve deeply into alternative sources of energy, which foster development for the State without damaging its precious natural heritage. The best solution has come in the form of solar power, often referred to as the 'green gold mine of energy.' India has an enormous untapped capacity to harvest and provide solar power to meet the vast majority of its projected energy needs. Solar farming can truly meet 100% of India's future energy, moving away from its dependence on fossil fuel, thermal energy, and hydropower projects which are either irreversibly destructive or severely limited. This renewable energy source is not only abundant in many parts of India's tropical climate but the solar energy harvesting technology is also readily available and affordable today.
GAP is indeed delighted to know that your magazine's Oct-Nov. 2012 issue will be focusing on two important topics, namely, 'Solar Villages and Solar Cities' and 'Roof-top solar energy installations' to bring awareness among people on the urgent need to harness our much needed energy from natural sources, the SUN, the WIND and the SEA.
We wish your magazine's relentless efforts in promoting clean energy choices all success and we pray that India may shortly become "Solar India.".
With Love and Blessings, In the service of God and humanity,
Swami Chidanand Saraswati President of Parmarth Niketan Founder of Ganga Action Parivar
Phone Number: 0135-2440077, 07579029225 Email: [email protected] www.parmarth.com, www.ihrf.com, www.gangaaction.com
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India is one of the fastest growing countries in the world, with a population of approximately 1.2 billion people. With the rapid and profound increase in the population, and the booming urbanization, an increasing demand for electricity naturally ensues. More than three billion people in developing countries like India today rely on traditional biomass, such as firewood and cow dung, for cooking and heating. About one and a half billion people are still without electricity. Meeting the electricity needs of rural India, which is currently over 70% of India's total population, promises not only the provision of life's basic necessities but also provides more opportunities for adequate education. It is especially critical for the empowerment of women and girls. Therefore, the provision of basic energy services to all is vital for the progress of the nation.
The current model of development, however, is largely dependent on our finite coal and fossil fuel resources which are quickly depleting. In Northern India this unsustainable model also includes large hydropower projects on the River Ganga; these projects not only dry up the river -- leaving dozens of kilometers of riverbed absolutely dry with innumerable villagers deprived of not only electricity but also water -- and they are also irreparably detrimental to Ganga's natural ecology and ecosystem.
Ganga Action Parivar (GAP) is dedicated to preserving and protecting our environment, starting with our nation's sacred rivers and their tributaries, while simultaneously ensuring that all aspects of society are protected and benefited. In the present time it is vital that we find this much needed balance between the preservation of the environment and the 'vikas' or development of a fast-growing nation in order to ensure a truly sustainable future for our planet.
This search for a sustainable balance has led GAP to delve deeply into alternative sources of energy, which foster development for the State without damaging its precious natural heritage. The best solution has come in the form of solar power, often referred to as the 'green gold mine of energy.' India has an enormous untapped capacity to harvest and provide solar power to meet the vast majority of its projected energy needs. Solar farming can truly meet 100% of India's future energy, moving away from its dependence on fossil fuel, thermal energy, and hydropower projects which are either irreversibly destructive or severely limited. This renewable energy source is not only abundant in many parts of India's tropical climate but the solar energy harvesting technology is also readily available and affordable today.
GAP is indeed delighted to know that your magazine's Oct-Nov. 2012 issue will be focusing on two important topics, namely, 'Solar Villages and Solar Cities' and 'Roof-top solar energy installations' to bring awareness among people on the urgent need to harness our much needed energy from natural sources, the SUN, the WIND and the SEA.
We wish your magazine's relentless efforts in promoting clean energy choices all success and we pray that India may shortly become "Solar India.".
With Love and Blessings, In the service of God and humanity,
Swami Chidanand Saraswati President of Parmarth Niketan Founder of Ganga Action Parivar
Phone Number: 0135-2440077, 07579029225 Email: [email protected] www.parmarth.com, www.ihrf.com, www.gangaaction.com
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Why is Energy Security so important?
Why this meet wants to think differently and make a difference?
What can you expect on these three days?
There is none who doesn't nod in the affirmative, when we say: Energy is vital for economic development.
People look for different forms of energy services to make their life meaningful. Without a secure energy
supply, no nation can expect to have development in a sustainable way for the current generation as well as
for the future generations. Energy security is thus a major concern of all countries of the world. Energy
security means availability of adequate quantum of energy in its right quality at affordable prices, with a
moral obligation not to harm the environment in the process of its production, transmission and utilization.
In the years after industrialization, human kind has been using energy unsustainably, resulting in global
warming and violent climate changes that have kept even the developed economies of the world hapless
and powerless. Aftermath of the recent hurricane Sandy in the US and world's largest black out that
affected half the population of India on 2012 July 30 & 31 due to lack of resilience of the power grid, have
the world to re-think on the strategies for power development and its utilization. Ensuring energy security
is a formidable challenge, but we cannot stop thinking of what the way forward is. It involves building
greener practices, better rural connectivity, and balancing of current consumption with a clear focus on
conserving for the future.
Industry accounts for around one third of World's Energy Demand and it continues to grow. In the present
and coming decades, as a result of increasing volumes of production and continuously rising standard of
living, it is of paramount importance to raise energy efficiency for sustainability, financial growth and for
humanity's survival. Japan has emerged as the most advanced in energy efficiency and energy
conservation in the world and it has acquired in-depth experience and expertise in this field over a period of
time. USA, Germany, UK, Brazil, China and various other countries also have substantially contributed
for improving energy efficiency, as well as development of renewable energy sources and mitigation of
Green House Gases through new and innovative policies, regulations and technology. India is keen on
adopting such best practices in order to strengthen and fine tune the on-going and future promotional and
regulatory activities, so as to successfully implement the Energy Conservation Act 2001 and the Power
Sector Reforms. Changing the way we live, produce and consume, actually opens a new world of
opportunities. Technology, finance, knowledge and cooperation are required for leveraging these
opportunities. This is the right time to consider opportunities for cleaner energy generation and use, so that
our common future is not surrendered to the use of technologies that have heavy carbon foot prints.
It is with this as the back drop that this two-day international seminar, exhibition and pre-conference
Tutorials are organized as part of National Energy Conservation Day (Dec 14) 2012 Celebrations,
coinciding with 60th Year of Japan-India Diplomatic Relations and the United Nations International Year
of Sustainable Energy for All. India is determined to bring down its energy poverty and to emerge as an
energy secure nation. We hope that the deliberations will be useful in identifying potential options and
strategies to mitigate energy insecurity.
The programme consists of:-
1. Two Tutorials on the 13th: 1. Solar Photovoltaic Power Stations with Emeritus Professor Dr. Chem
Nayar of Curtin University, Perth a well known expert in renewable energy, who won the sustainable
Energy Industry Excellence and Innovation Ambassador Award of Australia in 2011. 2. Power Quality and
Energy Efficiency with Prof. Dr. Francis M. Fernandez of College of Engineering, Trivandrum, who has
experience in energy application in the field as well as a strong academic base on the subject he will be
handling.
th th2. The Seminar on the 14 & 15 (Three Sessions 1. Best Practices in Energy Security; 2. Role of
Renewables in Energy Security and 3. Challenges in meeting energy Access) will have several
presentations based on experience in several countries, of the United Nations and from the advanced
academic arena, as well as from veterans in energy policy, planning and energy management from within
and outside India.
3. Business Meet: A Business Meet jointly with the Confederation of Indian Industries (CII), Kerala
Chapter, in which Industry leaders, Senior Administrators and well known academicians and practitioners
in the field is planned for the evening of 14 December.
th th4. Exhibition: A two day exhibition of items related Energy Security on 14 & 15 December.
Organisers: The technical activities are organized with the joint efforts of Energy Management Centre-
Kerala; Japan Cultural and Information Centre, Trivandrum; Alumni Society of AOTS, Trivandrum;
International Non Governmental Cooperation Organization for Renewable Energy (INGCORE), and
Society of Energy Engineers and Managers (SEEM).
Eminent Sponsors are: The Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment; Petroleum
Conservation Research Association (PCRA); Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Govt. of India; Environment
and Climate Change Department, Kerala. It is also expected that MNRE, NTPC, REC, KSEB, IOC, and
such other organizations will join the event as co-sponsors.
Register Early:As seats are limited, it is advisable for the intending delegates to register early. For details, please go to:www.energysecureindia.org
Leaders take interest in this Seminar:The people's leaders like the Chief Minister of Kerala Shri. Oommen Chandy, Power Minister Shri.
Aryadam Muhammed, Union Power Minister Shri. Jyothiraditya Scindia and Union HRD State Minister
Dr. Shasi Tharoor and other leaders are expected to grace the inaugural and valedictory sessions, is
indicative of how seriously the topic is looked upon by the Governments in India.
If you think a Nation should be concerned about secure energy supplies; And all its citizens have the right to access energy, then
You are Welcome to Trivandrum, the capital of God's Own CountryAnd participate in the discussions at the International Seminar on
From 13 to 15 December 2012 at Hotel Mascot
Energy Secure India: Options and Strategies
6 7
Why is Energy Security so important?
Why this meet wants to think differently and make a difference?
What can you expect on these three days?
There is none who doesn't nod in the affirmative, when we say: Energy is vital for economic development.
People look for different forms of energy services to make their life meaningful. Without a secure energy
supply, no nation can expect to have development in a sustainable way for the current generation as well as
for the future generations. Energy security is thus a major concern of all countries of the world. Energy
security means availability of adequate quantum of energy in its right quality at affordable prices, with a
moral obligation not to harm the environment in the process of its production, transmission and utilization.
In the years after industrialization, human kind has been using energy unsustainably, resulting in global
warming and violent climate changes that have kept even the developed economies of the world hapless
and powerless. Aftermath of the recent hurricane Sandy in the US and world's largest black out that
affected half the population of India on 2012 July 30 & 31 due to lack of resilience of the power grid, have
the world to re-think on the strategies for power development and its utilization. Ensuring energy security
is a formidable challenge, but we cannot stop thinking of what the way forward is. It involves building
greener practices, better rural connectivity, and balancing of current consumption with a clear focus on
conserving for the future.
Industry accounts for around one third of World's Energy Demand and it continues to grow. In the present
and coming decades, as a result of increasing volumes of production and continuously rising standard of
living, it is of paramount importance to raise energy efficiency for sustainability, financial growth and for
humanity's survival. Japan has emerged as the most advanced in energy efficiency and energy
conservation in the world and it has acquired in-depth experience and expertise in this field over a period of
time. USA, Germany, UK, Brazil, China and various other countries also have substantially contributed
for improving energy efficiency, as well as development of renewable energy sources and mitigation of
Green House Gases through new and innovative policies, regulations and technology. India is keen on
adopting such best practices in order to strengthen and fine tune the on-going and future promotional and
regulatory activities, so as to successfully implement the Energy Conservation Act 2001 and the Power
Sector Reforms. Changing the way we live, produce and consume, actually opens a new world of
opportunities. Technology, finance, knowledge and cooperation are required for leveraging these
opportunities. This is the right time to consider opportunities for cleaner energy generation and use, so that
our common future is not surrendered to the use of technologies that have heavy carbon foot prints.
It is with this as the back drop that this two-day international seminar, exhibition and pre-conference
Tutorials are organized as part of National Energy Conservation Day (Dec 14) 2012 Celebrations,
coinciding with 60th Year of Japan-India Diplomatic Relations and the United Nations International Year
of Sustainable Energy for All. India is determined to bring down its energy poverty and to emerge as an
energy secure nation. We hope that the deliberations will be useful in identifying potential options and
strategies to mitigate energy insecurity.
The programme consists of:-
1. Two Tutorials on the 13th: 1. Solar Photovoltaic Power Stations with Emeritus Professor Dr. Chem
Nayar of Curtin University, Perth a well known expert in renewable energy, who won the sustainable
Energy Industry Excellence and Innovation Ambassador Award of Australia in 2011. 2. Power Quality and
Energy Efficiency with Prof. Dr. Francis M. Fernandez of College of Engineering, Trivandrum, who has
experience in energy application in the field as well as a strong academic base on the subject he will be
handling.
th th2. The Seminar on the 14 & 15 (Three Sessions 1. Best Practices in Energy Security; 2. Role of
Renewables in Energy Security and 3. Challenges in meeting energy Access) will have several
presentations based on experience in several countries, of the United Nations and from the advanced
academic arena, as well as from veterans in energy policy, planning and energy management from within
and outside India.
3. Business Meet: A Business Meet jointly with the Confederation of Indian Industries (CII), Kerala
Chapter, in which Industry leaders, Senior Administrators and well known academicians and practitioners
in the field is planned for the evening of 14 December.
th th4. Exhibition: A two day exhibition of items related Energy Security on 14 & 15 December.
Organisers: The technical activities are organized with the joint efforts of Energy Management Centre-
Kerala; Japan Cultural and Information Centre, Trivandrum; Alumni Society of AOTS, Trivandrum;
International Non Governmental Cooperation Organization for Renewable Energy (INGCORE), and
Society of Energy Engineers and Managers (SEEM).
Eminent Sponsors are: The Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment; Petroleum
Conservation Research Association (PCRA); Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Govt. of India; Environment
and Climate Change Department, Kerala. It is also expected that MNRE, NTPC, REC, KSEB, IOC, and
such other organizations will join the event as co-sponsors.
Register Early:As seats are limited, it is advisable for the intending delegates to register early. For details, please go to:www.energysecureindia.org
Leaders take interest in this Seminar:The people's leaders like the Chief Minister of Kerala Shri. Oommen Chandy, Power Minister Shri.
Aryadam Muhammed, Union Power Minister Shri. Jyothiraditya Scindia and Union HRD State Minister
Dr. Shasi Tharoor and other leaders are expected to grace the inaugural and valedictory sessions, is
indicative of how seriously the topic is looked upon by the Governments in India.
If you think a Nation should be concerned about secure energy supplies; And all its citizens have the right to access energy, then
You are Welcome to Trivandrum, the capital of God's Own CountryAnd participate in the discussions at the International Seminar on
From 13 to 15 December 2012 at Hotel Mascot
Energy Secure India: Options and Strategies
6 7
Advisory Board Dr. A. Jagadeesh | IndiaDr. Bhamy Shenoy | USAEr. Darshan Goswami | USAElizabeth H. Thompson | BarbadosPincas Jawetz | USA
Ediorial Board Salman Zafar | India
Editor & PublisherM. R. Menon
Business & MediaP. Roshini
Book DesignShamal Nath
Circulation ManagerAndrew Paul
Printed and Published byM.R.Menon at Midas Offset Printers, Kuthuparamba, Kerala
Editorial Office'Pallavi' KulapullyShoranur 679122, Kerala(E-Mail: [email protected])
Disclaimer: The views expressed in the magazineare those of the authors and the Editorial team | energy blitzdoes not take responsibility for the contents and opinions.energy blitz will not be responsible for errors, omissions or comments made by writers, interviewers or Advertisers.Any part of this publication may be reproduced with acknowledgment to the author and magazine.
Registered and Editorial Office'Pallavi, Kulapully, Shoranur 679122,Kerala, IndiaTel: +91-466-2220852/9995081018E-mail: [email protected] Web: energyblitz.webs.com
ENERGY BLITZ
Ramanathan Menon
OCTOBER - NOVEMBER 2012Two daunting challenges confront the world's cities and city regions well within this coming generation, affecting the global urban system and human civilization as a whole: fossil fuel depletion and man-made catastrophic climate change. If these are not swiftly and effectively met their impacts will deeply affect all industrial, world and mega-city systems and hit hard the fast-growing, major urban agglomerations of the developing world like India, along with their economies.
Despite the significant hurdles, energy issues have begun to take center stage in the reality of an increasing number of cities and towns around the world. The leaders of these pioneering communities realize that because of the central significance of cities in national economies, and their utter dependence on relatively short-term fossil fuel supplies and the devastating effect of their burning on human health the global climate the speed and magnitude in which renewable energy strategies are being introduced will be of crucial importance to the future of global civilization and local cultural settings alike.
As socially, politically, economically and culturally significant settings, cities face increasingly intense local action, in their communities' search for improvement of the local environment, and in a rising movement to combat global warming well before that time. Business, industry, science, technology and governments are being challenged to respond and deliver solutions. It is here where a growing number of new urban action and development initiatives are being readied to link local agendas and national frameworks to international challenges and resources.
Solar energy technologies are an important part of the future. Scientific projections for the next 40 years suggest that 50% of the warming that will occur will come directly from the energy sector. India has the second highest population of any country in the world, so the relationship between how India satisfies its energy needs and the environment will always be an important issue. In fact, it is safe to say that climate change is itself an energy issue, and only drastic measures to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the coming years will do anything to abate warming. Depending on the type of solar energy technology, it is possible to achieve near zero greenhouse gas emissions, while also having near zero risk of gaseous or liquid chemical substances leaking.
Also, the risks for radioactive materials affecting the environment are non-existent. Despite being expensive in some cases to implement, there is the potential to reap economic rewards from developing a new clean energy economy, and particularly utilizing solar energy technologies. These could provide a return on investment in developing countries, like India, diminishing the need to import energy while also creating jobs.
Factors for success in Solar Villages and Solar Cities are evident from Villages and Cities where solar photovoltaic (SPV) projects have been successfully implemented or where large scale plans that could include SPV were being prepared.
IN BETWEEN
4Energy Secure India: Options and Strategies 6
10India's present energy scenario at a glanceBy Staff Writer
12
FOCUS:
Solar Villages in India 16Meerwada A Solar Village in Madhya Pradesh
Solar Cities generating new approaches worldwideBy Ramanathan Menon
The Coimbatore Corporation is moving towards the status of a “Solar-City”
The World's First Solar City
Eight stunning examples of Solar ArchitectureBy Bryan Nelson, Clean Tech, Galleries, Solar
Large and sustainable solar photovoltaic generators by using the roof-top of industry sheds for energy security during daytime
India's First & Unique “Green Ashram” at the Solar Capital of India Gujarat A model & multiplier for Renewable Energy and Sustainable CommunityBy Urvish Dave
Addressing India's Energy Future: Ending India's Massive Power Grid OutagesBy Darshan Goswami, M.S., P.E.
18
20
2629
34
31
36
39
10 solar projects in India that can help fight grid blackouts By Katie Fehrenbacher
How solar power can help the billion people without electricity By Staff Writer
43
45
Letter to Editor
By Praveen Kumar Kulkarni
Advisory Board Dr. A. Jagadeesh | IndiaDr. Bhamy Shenoy | USAEr. Darshan Goswami | USAElizabeth H. Thompson | BarbadosPincas Jawetz | USA
Ediorial Board Salman Zafar | India
Editor & PublisherM. R. Menon
Business & MediaP. Roshini
Book DesignShamal Nath
Circulation ManagerAndrew Paul
Printed and Published byM.R.Menon at Midas Offset Printers, Kuthuparamba, Kerala
Editorial Office'Pallavi' KulapullyShoranur 679122, Kerala(E-Mail: [email protected])
Disclaimer: The views expressed in the magazineare those of the authors and the Editorial team | energy blitzdoes not take responsibility for the contents and opinions.energy blitz will not be responsible for errors, omissions or comments made by writers, interviewers or Advertisers.Any part of this publication may be reproduced with acknowledgment to the author and magazine.
Registered and Editorial Office'Pallavi, Kulapully, Shoranur 679122,Kerala, IndiaTel: +91-466-2220852/9995081018E-mail: [email protected] Web: energyblitz.webs.com
ENERGY LI ZB
T
Ramanathan Menon
OCTOBER - NOVEMBER 2012Two daunting challenges confront the world's cities and city regions well within this coming generation, affecting the global urban system and human civilization as a whole: fossil fuel depletion and man-made catastrophic climate change. If these are not swiftly and effectively met their impacts will deeply affect all industrial, world and mega-city systems and hit hard the fast-growing, major urban agglomerations of the developing world like India, along with their economies.
Despite the significant hurdles, energy issues have begun to take center stage in the reality of an increasing number of cities and towns around the world. The leaders of these pioneering communities realize that because of the central significance of cities in national economies, and their utter dependence on relatively short-term fossil fuel supplies and the devastating effect of their burning on human health the global climate the speed and magnitude in which renewable energy strategies are being introduced will be of crucial importance to the future of global civilization and local cultural settings alike.
As socially, politically, economically and culturally significant settings, cities face increasingly intense local action, in their communities' search for improvement of the local environment, and in a rising movement to combat global warming well before that time. Business, industry, science, technology and governments are being challenged to respond and deliver solutions. It is here where a growing number of new urban action and development initiatives are being readied to link local agendas and national frameworks to international challenges and resources.
Solar energy technologies are an important part of the future. Scientific projections for the next 40 years suggest that 50% of the warming that will occur will come directly from the energy sector. India has the second highest population of any country in the world, so the relationship between how India satisfies its energy needs and the environment will always be an important issue. In fact, it is safe to say that climate change is itself an energy issue, and only drastic measures to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the coming years will do anything to abate warming. Depending on the type of solar energy technology, it is possible to achieve near zero greenhouse gas emissions, while also having near zero risk of gaseous or liquid chemical substances leaking.
Also, the risks for radioactive materials affecting the environment are non-existent. Despite being expensive in some cases to implement, there is the potential to reap economic rewards from developing a new clean energy economy, and particularly utilizing solar energy technologies. These could provide a return on investment in developing countries, like India, diminishing the need to import energy while also creating jobs.
Factors for success in Solar Villages and Solar Cities are evident from Villages and Cities where solar photovoltaic (SPV) projects have been successfully implemented or where large scale plans that could include SPV were being prepared.
IN BETWEEN
4Energy Secure India: Options and Strategies 6
10India's present energy scenario at a glanceBy Staff Writer
12
FOCUS:
Solar Villages in India 16Meerwada A Solar Village in Madhya Pradesh
Solar Cities generating new approaches worldwideBy Ramanathan Menon
The Coimbatore Corporation is moving towards the status of a “Solar-City”
The World's First Solar City
Eight stunning examples of Solar ArchitectureBy Bryan Nelson, Clean Tech, Galleries, Solar
Large and sustainable solar photovoltaic generators by using the roof-top of industry sheds for energy security during daytime
India's First & Unique “Green Ashram” at the Solar Capital of India Gujarat A model & multiplier for Renewable Energy and Sustainable CommunityBy Urvish Dave
Addressing India's Energy Future: Ending India's Massive Power Grid OutagesBy Darshan Goswami, M.S., P.E.
18
20
2629
34
31
36
39
10 solar projects in India that can help fight grid blackouts By Katie Fehrenbacher
How solar power can help the billion people without electricity By Staff Writer
43
45
Letter to Editor
By Praveen Kumar Kulkarni
Dear Mr. Menon,
Your magazine provides a constructive view on various energy and environmental issues that face our challenging world. Your magazine also allows viewers to engage one another in a productive exchange of potential solutions.
I admire your dedication and professionalism to promote the use of Renewable Energy to serve humanity. You have always provided a unique perspective through your writing skills in bringing renewable energy to the forefront. Your kindness, generosity and contributions to make a difference in this world are greatly appreciated. Keep up the good work. God Bless You!! Thanks and regards,
Darshan L. Goswami, M.S., P.E.Project Manager,US Department of Energy, USA
E-mail: [email protected]
Hello Mr. Menon,
Thank you for letting see your new issue. I really like your magazine.You're doing a magnificent job on a worthwhile subject. Continued good luck and congratulations.
Joanne GigliottiGaithersburg, MD, USA
Dear Mr. Menon,
Thanks for sending me the electronic issue of your magazine - Energy Blitz. I must congratulate for very interesting content, very readable and also topical. I must also compliment you for high quality production values, appropriate illustration supplementing the text. I wish you well and hope you continue to do the good work. Kind regards.... KM
K. MunshiCTech Labs / IIT Bombay
Thank you Mr. Menon for your mail. I am Manju, Founder of - first one stop B2B, classifieds,online information
portal for global solar power - with a dedicated focus on India. http://www.thesolarindia.com
I have read your recent issue and found the contents very interesting. Appreciate your team efforts. Thanks and Regards
Manjula Nagarajan
10
Dear Mr. Menon,
Your magazine provides a constructive view on various energy and environmental issues that face our challenging world. Your magazine also allows viewers to engage one another in a productive exchange of potential solutions.
I admire your dedication and professionalism to promote the use of Renewable Energy to serve humanity. You have always provided a unique perspective through your writing skills in bringing renewable energy to the forefront. Your kindness, generosity and contributions to make a difference in this world are greatly appreciated. Keep up the good work. God Bless You!! Thanks and regards,
Darshan L. Goswami, M.S., P.E.Project Manager,US Department of Energy, USA
E-mail: [email protected]
Hello Mr. Menon,
Thank you for letting see your new issue. I really like your magazine.You're doing a magnificent job on a worthwhile subject. Continued good luck and congratulations.
Joanne GigliottiGaithersburg, MD, USA
Dear Mr. Menon,
Thanks for sending me the electronic issue of your magazine - Energy Blitz. I must congratulate for very interesting content, very readable and also topical. I must also compliment you for high quality production values, appropriate illustration supplementing the text. I wish you well and hope you continue to do the good work. Kind regards.... KM
K. MunshiCTech Labs / IIT Bombay
Thank you Mr. Menon for your mail. I am Manju, Founder of - first one stop B2B, classifieds,online information
portal for global solar power - with a dedicated focus on India. http://www.thesolarindia.com
I have read your recent issue and found the contents very interesting. Appreciate your team efforts. Thanks and Regards
Manjula Nagarajan
10
was only 2.31% (4.78 MW).Generation of Electricity
The geographical distribution of Installed generating capacity The all India gross electricity generation from utilities, of electricity as on 31.03.11 indicates that Western Region excluding that from the captive generating plants, was (both central and state sector) accounted for the highest share 55,828 Giga Watt-Hours (GWh) during 1970-71. It rose to (30.98%) followed by Southern Region (27.35%), Northern Region (26.88%), Eastern Region (13.45%) and North Eastern Region (1.35%). Region wise growth in the installed capacity during 2010-11 reveals that Eastern Region registered the highest growth of about 18.21%, followed by Northern Region (10.1%) and Western Region (6.65%). Among the States in the Eastern Region that accounted for the highest growth of 18%, Odisha registered the highest (47.7%) followed by Jharkhand (27.1%). Among all the states Delhi registered highest growth (105.1%) in the installed capacity followed by Odisha (48%) and Jharkhand (27%).
Grid Interactive Renewable Power
The total installed capacity of grid interactive renewable power, which was 16817 MW as on 31.03.2010 had gone up to 19971 MW as on 31.03.2011 indicating growth of 18.75% during the 1,10,844 GWh during 1980-81, to 2,64,329 GWh during period. Out of the total installed generation capacity of 1990-91 and to 8,44,846 GW during 2010-11. The CAGR renewable power as on 31-03-2011, wind power accounted for during the period from 1970-71 to 2010-11, has been an about 71%, followed by small hydro power (15.2%) and impressive 6.9%. The production of electricity from Biomass power (13.3%). Tamil Nadu had the highest installed utilities has increased from 7,96,281 GWh during 2009-10 capacity of grid connected renewable power (6500 MW) to 8,44,846 GWh during 2010-11, registering an annual followed by Maharashtra (3005 MW) and Karnataka (2882 growth rate of about 6.1%.MW), mainly on account of wind power.
Total Electricity generation in the country, from utilities As on 31.03.2011 out of total Biogas plants installed (41.98 and non-utilities taken together, during 2010-11 was lakh) , maximum number of such plants installed were in 9,59,070 GWh. Out of this 7,04,323 GWh was generated Maharashtra (8 lakh) followed by Andhra Pradesh, Uttar from thermal and 1,14,257 GWh was from hydro and Pradesh, Karnataka and Gujarat each with about 4 lakh biogas 26,266 GWh was generated from nuclear sources. Total plants. Out of about 6.6 lakh Solar Cookers installed as on output from non-utilities was 1,14,224 GWh.31.03.2011, 1.7 lakh were installed in Gujarat and 1.4 lakh were installed in Madhya Pradesh. Further, as on 31.03.2011 there
Installed generating capacity of electricity were 1,352 water pumping Wind mills systems installed and 6,975 remote villages and 1,871 hamlets were electrified.
The total installed capacity for electricity generation in the country has increased from 16,271 MW as on 31.03.1971 Nuclear Powerto 206,526 MW as on 31.03.2011, registering a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.4%. There has been an
The gross generation of nuclear power upto August 2012 was increase in generating capacity of 18654 MW over the last 13,732 million units (MUs). Thermal, hydro and renewable one year, which is 10% more than the capacity of last year. resources being first, second and third respectively. Presently The highest rate of annual growth (11.3%) from 2009-10 to 19 nuclear power plants in India are there, which generates 2010-11 in installed capacity was for Thermal power 4,560 MW (2.9% of total installed base) and 4 such power followed by Nuclear Power (4.8%).plants are in the pipeline and would be generating around
The total Installed capacity of power utilities in the country 2,720 MW. India's contribution increased from 14,709 MW in 1970-71 to 173,626 MW as in fusion development is done on 31.3.11, with a CAGR of 6.2 % over the period. The through its involvement in the highest CAGR (7.1%) was in case of Thermal utilities ITER project. Presently India followed by Nuclear (6.1%) and Hydro (4.4%). aims at increasing the input of
nuclear energy to the total At the end of March 2011, thermal power plants accounted electricity production from for an overwhelming 64% of the total installed capacity in 4.2% to 9% by the next 25 the country, with an installed capacity of 131.2 thousand years.MW. Hydro power plants come next with an installed capacity of 37.6 thousand MW, accounting for 18.2% of Availability of Electricitythe total installed Capacity. Besides, non-utilities
accounted for 15.9% (32.9 Thousand MW) of the total
Since thermal electricity is not a primary source of energy, installed generation capacity. The share of Nuclear energy
India's present energy scenario at a glanceBy Staff Writer
being produced either from coal or natural gas in India, 0.128 KWh in 1970-71 to 0.165 KWh in 1985-86, but it has electricity availability is considered only for that electricity again come down to 0.117 KWh (at 2004-05 prices) in 2010-11.which is generated from Hydro and Nuclear sources. Without taking into account the transmission and Like in production of energy, for more meaningful comparison distribution losses, the total availability is equal to the total in the trends and patterns of growth of consumption of different generation, and this figure increased from 27,666 GWh energy resources, it is desirable to convert all the resources to during 1970-71 to 1,40,524 GWh during 2010-11, their energy equivalents by applying appropriate conversion registering a CAGR of 4% over the period. factors and express them in energy units (Joules/peta Joules/
Terra joules). The consumption of energy in peta Joules by Consumption of Electricity primary sources is given in . It is seen that the major source of
energy consumed was Electricity accounting for about 51% of the total consumption during 2010-11. Coal and Lignite were The estimated electricity consumption increased from second (25%), while Crude Petroleum (20%) was third. The 43,724 GWh during 1970-71 to 6,94,392 GWh during total consumption of energy from conventional sources 2010-11, showing a CAGR of 6.98% . The increase in increased from 40,354 peta joules during 2009-10 to 42,664 electricity consumption is 13.34% from 2009-10 (6,12,645 peta joules during 2010-11, showing an increase of 5.73%.GWh) to 2010-11 (6,94,392 GWh). Of the total electricity
sales in 2010-11, industry sector accounted for the largest share (38.6%), followed by domestic (23.8%), agriculture 11th Plan/Growth in Achievement(19.6%) and commercial sector (9.89%). However, it is seen that electricity consumption in domestic sector and The growth in electricity generation during 2008-09 was agriculture sector has increased at a much faster pace constrained due to delay in commissioning of new units during compared to other sectors during 1970-71 to 2010-11, with 2008-09, long outages, shortage of coal/gas/nuclear fuel, poor
hydrology, etc.
Transmission of electricity is defined as bulk transfer of power over a long distance at a high voltage, generally of 132 KV and above. In India bulk transmission has increased from 3708 ckm in 1950 to more than 265,000 ckm today. The entire country has been divided into five regions for transmission systems, namely Northern Region, North Eastern Region, Eastern Region, Southern Region and Western Region. The interconnected transmission system within each region is also called the CAGRs of 9.67% and 8.61% respectively.regional grid.
Loss of electricity due to transmission has increased from 17.55% during 1970-71 to 32.86% during 2000-01 and
The Government of India has an ambitious mission of 'POWER declined to 18.04% during 2010-11.FOR ALL BY 2012'. This mission would require that our installed generation capacity should be at least 2, 00,000 MW
Per-Capita Energy Consumption & Energy Intensityby 2012 from the present level of 1, 14,000 MW. To be able to reach this power to the entire country an expansion of the
Per-capita Energy Consumption (PEC) during a year is regional transmission network and inter regional capacity to computed as the ratio of the estimate of total energy transmit power would be essential. The latter is required consumption during the year to the estimated mid-year because resources are unevenly distributed in the country and population of that year. Energy Intensity is defined as the power needs to be carried great distances to areas where load amount of energy consumed for generating one unit of centres exist.Gross Domestic Product (At constant prices). PEC and Energy intensity are the most used policy indicators, both
The transmission system planning in the country, in the past, at national and international levels. In the absence of data
had traditionally been linked to generation projects as part of on consumption of non-conventional energy from various
the evacuation system. Ability of the power system to safely sources, particularly in rural areas in the developing
withstand a contingency without generation rescheduling or countries, including India, these two indicators are
load-shedding was the main criteria for planning the generally computed on the basis of consumption of
transmission system. However, due to various reasons such as conventional energy. The
spatial development of load in the network, non-es t imated PEC has
commissioning of load centre generating units originally increased from 1204
planned and deficit in reactive compensation, certain pockets in KWh in 1970-71 to 4816
the power system could not safely operate even under normal KWh in 2010.
conditions. This had necessitated backing down of generation and operating at a lower load generation balance in the past.
The estimated PEC has Transmission planning has therefore moved away from the increased from 1204 earlier generation evacuation system planning to integrated KWh in 1970-71 to 4816 system planning.KWh in 2010-11, a CAGR of 3.44% . The
While the predominant technology for electricity transmission annual increase in PEC
and distribution has been Alternating Current (AC) technology, from 2009-10 to 2010-11
High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology has also been was 3.65%. The Energy
used for interconnection of all regional grids across the country Intensity (at 1999-2000
and for bulk transmission of power over long distances. prices) increased from 12 13
was only 2.31% (4.78 MW).Generation of Electricity
The geographical distribution of Installed generating capacity The all India gross electricity generation from utilities, of electricity as on 31.03.11 indicates that Western Region excluding that from the captive generating plants, was (both central and state sector) accounted for the highest share 55,828 Giga Watt-Hours (GWh) during 1970-71. It rose to (30.98%) followed by Southern Region (27.35%), Northern Region (26.88%), Eastern Region (13.45%) and North Eastern Region (1.35%). Region wise growth in the installed capacity during 2010-11 reveals that Eastern Region registered the highest growth of about 18.21%, followed by Northern Region (10.1%) and Western Region (6.65%). Among the States in the Eastern Region that accounted for the highest growth of 18%, Odisha registered the highest (47.7%) followed by Jharkhand (27.1%). Among all the states Delhi registered highest growth (105.1%) in the installed capacity followed by Odisha (48%) and Jharkhand (27%).
Grid Interactive Renewable Power
The total installed capacity of grid interactive renewable power, which was 16817 MW as on 31.03.2010 had gone up to 19971 MW as on 31.03.2011 indicating growth of 18.75% during the 1,10,844 GWh during 1980-81, to 2,64,329 GWh during period. Out of the total installed generation capacity of 1990-91 and to 8,44,846 GW during 2010-11. The CAGR renewable power as on 31-03-2011, wind power accounted for during the period from 1970-71 to 2010-11, has been an about 71%, followed by small hydro power (15.2%) and impressive 6.9%. The production of electricity from Biomass power (13.3%). Tamil Nadu had the highest installed utilities has increased from 7,96,281 GWh during 2009-10 capacity of grid connected renewable power (6500 MW) to 8,44,846 GWh during 2010-11, registering an annual followed by Maharashtra (3005 MW) and Karnataka (2882 growth rate of about 6.1%.MW), mainly on account of wind power.
Total Electricity generation in the country, from utilities As on 31.03.2011 out of total Biogas plants installed (41.98 and non-utilities taken together, during 2010-11 was lakh) , maximum number of such plants installed were in 9,59,070 GWh. Out of this 7,04,323 GWh was generated Maharashtra (8 lakh) followed by Andhra Pradesh, Uttar from thermal and 1,14,257 GWh was from hydro and Pradesh, Karnataka and Gujarat each with about 4 lakh biogas 26,266 GWh was generated from nuclear sources. Total plants. Out of about 6.6 lakh Solar Cookers installed as on output from non-utilities was 1,14,224 GWh.31.03.2011, 1.7 lakh were installed in Gujarat and 1.4 lakh were installed in Madhya Pradesh. Further, as on 31.03.2011 there
Installed generating capacity of electricity were 1,352 water pumping Wind mills systems installed and 6,975 remote villages and 1,871 hamlets were electrified.
The total installed capacity for electricity generation in the country has increased from 16,271 MW as on 31.03.1971 Nuclear Powerto 206,526 MW as on 31.03.2011, registering a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.4%. There has been an
The gross generation of nuclear power upto August 2012 was increase in generating capacity of 18654 MW over the last 13,732 million units (MUs). Thermal, hydro and renewable one year, which is 10% more than the capacity of last year. resources being first, second and third respectively. Presently The highest rate of annual growth (11.3%) from 2009-10 to 19 nuclear power plants in India are there, which generates 2010-11 in installed capacity was for Thermal power 4,560 MW (2.9% of total installed base) and 4 such power followed by Nuclear Power (4.8%).plants are in the pipeline and would be generating around
The total Installed capacity of power utilities in the country 2,720 MW. India's contribution increased from 14,709 MW in 1970-71 to 173,626 MW as in fusion development is done on 31.3.11, with a CAGR of 6.2 % over the period. The through its involvement in the highest CAGR (7.1%) was in case of Thermal utilities ITER project. Presently India followed by Nuclear (6.1%) and Hydro (4.4%). aims at increasing the input of
nuclear energy to the total At the end of March 2011, thermal power plants accounted electricity production from for an overwhelming 64% of the total installed capacity in 4.2% to 9% by the next 25 the country, with an installed capacity of 131.2 thousand years.MW. Hydro power plants come next with an installed capacity of 37.6 thousand MW, accounting for 18.2% of Availability of Electricitythe total installed Capacity. Besides, non-utilities
accounted for 15.9% (32.9 Thousand MW) of the total
Since thermal electricity is not a primary source of energy, installed generation capacity. The share of Nuclear energy
India's present energy scenario at a glanceBy Staff Writer
being produced either from coal or natural gas in India, 0.128 KWh in 1970-71 to 0.165 KWh in 1985-86, but it has electricity availability is considered only for that electricity again come down to 0.117 KWh (at 2004-05 prices) in 2010-11.which is generated from Hydro and Nuclear sources. Without taking into account the transmission and Like in production of energy, for more meaningful comparison distribution losses, the total availability is equal to the total in the trends and patterns of growth of consumption of different generation, and this figure increased from 27,666 GWh energy resources, it is desirable to convert all the resources to during 1970-71 to 1,40,524 GWh during 2010-11, their energy equivalents by applying appropriate conversion registering a CAGR of 4% over the period. factors and express them in energy units (Joules/peta Joules/
Terra joules). The consumption of energy in peta Joules by Consumption of Electricity primary sources is given in . It is seen that the major source of
energy consumed was Electricity accounting for about 51% of the total consumption during 2010-11. Coal and Lignite were The estimated electricity consumption increased from second (25%), while Crude Petroleum (20%) was third. The 43,724 GWh during 1970-71 to 6,94,392 GWh during total consumption of energy from conventional sources 2010-11, showing a CAGR of 6.98% . The increase in increased from 40,354 peta joules during 2009-10 to 42,664 electricity consumption is 13.34% from 2009-10 (6,12,645 peta joules during 2010-11, showing an increase of 5.73%.GWh) to 2010-11 (6,94,392 GWh). Of the total electricity
sales in 2010-11, industry sector accounted for the largest share (38.6%), followed by domestic (23.8%), agriculture 11th Plan/Growth in Achievement(19.6%) and commercial sector (9.89%). However, it is seen that electricity consumption in domestic sector and The growth in electricity generation during 2008-09 was agriculture sector has increased at a much faster pace constrained due to delay in commissioning of new units during compared to other sectors during 1970-71 to 2010-11, with 2008-09, long outages, shortage of coal/gas/nuclear fuel, poor
hydrology, etc.
Transmission of electricity is defined as bulk transfer of power over a long distance at a high voltage, generally of 132 KV and above. In India bulk transmission has increased from 3708 ckm in 1950 to more than 265,000 ckm today. The entire country has been divided into five regions for transmission systems, namely Northern Region, North Eastern Region, Eastern Region, Southern Region and Western Region. The interconnected transmission system within each region is also called the CAGRs of 9.67% and 8.61% respectively.regional grid.
Loss of electricity due to transmission has increased from 17.55% during 1970-71 to 32.86% during 2000-01 and
The Government of India has an ambitious mission of 'POWER declined to 18.04% during 2010-11.FOR ALL BY 2012'. This mission would require that our installed generation capacity should be at least 2, 00,000 MW
Per-Capita Energy Consumption & Energy Intensityby 2012 from the present level of 1, 14,000 MW. To be able to reach this power to the entire country an expansion of the
Per-capita Energy Consumption (PEC) during a year is regional transmission network and inter regional capacity to computed as the ratio of the estimate of total energy transmit power would be essential. The latter is required consumption during the year to the estimated mid-year because resources are unevenly distributed in the country and population of that year. Energy Intensity is defined as the power needs to be carried great distances to areas where load amount of energy consumed for generating one unit of centres exist.Gross Domestic Product (At constant prices). PEC and Energy intensity are the most used policy indicators, both
The transmission system planning in the country, in the past, at national and international levels. In the absence of data
had traditionally been linked to generation projects as part of on consumption of non-conventional energy from various
the evacuation system. Ability of the power system to safely sources, particularly in rural areas in the developing
withstand a contingency without generation rescheduling or countries, including India, these two indicators are
load-shedding was the main criteria for planning the generally computed on the basis of consumption of
transmission system. However, due to various reasons such as conventional energy. The
spatial development of load in the network, non-es t imated PEC has
commissioning of load centre generating units originally increased from 1204
planned and deficit in reactive compensation, certain pockets in KWh in 1970-71 to 4816
the power system could not safely operate even under normal KWh in 2010.
conditions. This had necessitated backing down of generation and operating at a lower load generation balance in the past.
The estimated PEC has Transmission planning has therefore moved away from the increased from 1204 earlier generation evacuation system planning to integrated KWh in 1970-71 to 4816 system planning.KWh in 2010-11, a CAGR of 3.44% . The
While the predominant technology for electricity transmission annual increase in PEC
and distribution has been Alternating Current (AC) technology, from 2009-10 to 2010-11
High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology has also been was 3.65%. The Energy
used for interconnection of all regional grids across the country Intensity (at 1999-2000
and for bulk transmission of power over long distances. prices) increased from 12 13
Certain provisions in the Electricity Act 2003 such as open Installation of SCADA/DMS for towns with population greater access to the transmission and distribution network, than 4 lakhs & annual input energy greater than 350MU is also recognition of power trading as a distinct activity, the envisaged under Part-A. 100% loan is provided under R-liberal definition of a captive generating plant and APDRP for Part-A projects & shall be converted to grant on provision for supply in rural areas are expected to completion and verification of same by Third Party introduce and encourage competition in the electricity independent evaluating agencies (TPIEA) being appointed by sector. It is expected that all the above measures on the MoP. MoP, Gol has earmarked Rs. 10,000 Crores for R-APDRP generation, transmission and distribution front would Part-A.result in formation of a robust electricity grid in the country. Part-B of the scheme deals with regular Sub Transmission &
Distribution system strengthening & upgradation projects. The Due to lack of adequate investment on T&D works, the focus for Part-B is on AT&C loss reduction on sustainable T&D losses have been consistently on higher side, and basis.25% loan is provided under Part-B projects and upto 50% reached to the level of 32.86% in the year 2000-01.The of scheme cost is convertible to grant depending on extent of reduction of these losses was essential to bring economic maintaining AT&C loss level at 15% level for five years. For viability to the State Utilities. special category states, 90% loan is provided by GOI for Part-b
projects and entire GOI loan shall be converted to grant in five tranches depending on extent of maintaining AT&C loss level at As the T&D loss was not able to capture all the losses in the 15% level for five years. MoP , Gol has earmarked sanctioning net work, concept of Aggregate Technical and Commercial of schemes upto Rs. 40,000 Crores under R-APDRP Part-B. Of (AT&C) loss was introduced. AT&C loss captures this, upto Rs. 20,000 Crore would be converted to grant technical as well as commercial losses in the network and is depending on extent to which utilities reduce AT&C losses in a true indicator of total losses in the system.project areas.
High technical losses in the system are primarily due to R-APDRP also has provision for Capacity Building of Utility inadequate investments over the years for system personnel and development of franchises through Part-C of the improvement works, which has resulted in unplanned scheme. Few pilot projects adopting innovations are also extensions of the distribution lines, overloading of the envisaged under Part-C. Rural Electricity involves supply of system elements like transformers and conductors, and energy for two types of programmes, namely, production lack of adequate reactive power support.oriented activities like minor irrigation, rural industries, etc.
The commercial losses are mainly due to low metering Electrification of villages: While the emphasis is laid on efficiency, theft & pilferages. This may be eliminated by exploration of ground water potential and energisation of pump improving metering efficiency, proper energy accounting sets/tube wells, which has a bearing on agricultural production, & auditing and improved billing & collection efficiency. the accent in respect of areas covered under the Revised Fixing of accountability of the personnel / feeder managers Minimum Needs Programme (RMN P), is on village may help considerably in reduction of AT&C loss.With the electrification. According to the earlier definition: .A village is initiative of the Government of India and of the States, the classified as electrified if electricity is being used within its Accelerated Power Development & Reform Programme revenue area for any purpose what- so-ever. This definition of (APDRP) was launched in 2001, for the strengthening of village electrification was reviewed in consultation with the Sub-Transmission and Distribution network and reduction State Governments and State Electricity Boards and the in AT&C losses.following new definition was adopted:
The main objective of the programme was to bring A village will be deemed to be electrified if electricity is used in Aggregate Technical & Commercial (AT&C) losses below the inhabited locality within the revenue boundary of the village 15% in five years in urban and in high-density areas. The for any purpose whatsoever. It has been decided to revise the programme, along with other initiatives of the Government definition of village electrification and a new proposed of India and of the States, has led to reduction in the overall definition of village electrification is as under:AT&C loss from 38.86% in 2001-02 to 34.54% in 2005-06.
The commercial loss of the State Power Utilities reduced significantly during this period from Rs. 29331 Crore to The basic infrastructure such as distribution transformer and or Rs. 19546 Crore. The loss as percentage of turnover was distribution lines is made available in the inhabited locality reduced from 33% in 2000-01 to 16.60% in 2005-06. within the revenue boundary of the village including at least one
hamlet/Dalit Basti as applicable and any of the public places like Schools, Panchayat Office, Health Centres, Dispensaries, The APDRP programme has been restructured by the Community centers etc. avail power supply on demand and the Government of India, in order that reliable and verifiable ratings of distribution transformer and LT lines to be provided baseline data of revenue and energy in APDRP Project in the village would be finalized as per the anticipated number areas is attained over an IT platform and that AT& C loss of connections decided in consultation with the Panchayat/Zila reduction is achieved on a sustained basis. The Parishad/District Administration who will also issue the Restructured APDRP (R-APDRP) was launched by MoP, necessary certificate of village electrification on completion of Gol in July 2008 as a central sector scheme for XI plan. The the works. The number of household electrified should be scheme comprises of two parts-Part-A & Part-B, Part-A of minimum 10% for villages which are unelectrified, before the the scheme being dedicated to establishment of IT enabled village is declared electrified. The revision of definition would system for achieving reliable & verifiable baseline data be prospective.system in all towns with population greater than 30,000 as
per 2001 census (10,000 for Special Category Status).
14
Certain provisions in the Electricity Act 2003 such as open Installation of SCADA/DMS for towns with population greater access to the transmission and distribution network, than 4 lakhs & annual input energy greater than 350MU is also recognition of power trading as a distinct activity, the envisaged under Part-A. 100% loan is provided under R-liberal definition of a captive generating plant and APDRP for Part-A projects & shall be converted to grant on provision for supply in rural areas are expected to completion and verification of same by Third Party introduce and encourage competition in the electricity independent evaluating agencies (TPIEA) being appointed by sector. It is expected that all the above measures on the MoP. MoP, Gol has earmarked Rs. 10,000 Crores for R-APDRP generation, transmission and distribution front would Part-A.result in formation of a robust electricity grid in the country. Part-B of the scheme deals with regular Sub Transmission &
Distribution system strengthening & upgradation projects. The Due to lack of adequate investment on T&D works, the focus for Part-B is on AT&C loss reduction on sustainable T&D losses have been consistently on higher side, and basis.25% loan is provided under Part-B projects and upto 50% reached to the level of 32.86% in the year 2000-01.The of scheme cost is convertible to grant depending on extent of reduction of these losses was essential to bring economic maintaining AT&C loss level at 15% level for five years. For viability to the State Utilities. special category states, 90% loan is provided by GOI for Part-b
projects and entire GOI loan shall be converted to grant in five tranches depending on extent of maintaining AT&C loss level at As the T&D loss was not able to capture all the losses in the 15% level for five years. MoP , Gol has earmarked sanctioning net work, concept of Aggregate Technical and Commercial of schemes upto Rs. 40,000 Crores under R-APDRP Part-B. Of (AT&C) loss was introduced. AT&C loss captures this, upto Rs. 20,000 Crore would be converted to grant technical as well as commercial losses in the network and is depending on extent to which utilities reduce AT&C losses in a true indicator of total losses in the system.project areas.
High technical losses in the system are primarily due to R-APDRP also has provision for Capacity Building of Utility inadequate investments over the years for system personnel and development of franchises through Part-C of the improvement works, which has resulted in unplanned scheme. Few pilot projects adopting innovations are also extensions of the distribution lines, overloading of the envisaged under Part-C. Rural Electricity involves supply of system elements like transformers and conductors, and energy for two types of programmes, namely, production lack of adequate reactive power support.oriented activities like minor irrigation, rural industries, etc.
The commercial losses are mainly due to low metering Electrification of villages: While the emphasis is laid on efficiency, theft & pilferages. This may be eliminated by exploration of ground water potential and energisation of pump improving metering efficiency, proper energy accounting sets/tube wells, which has a bearing on agricultural production, & auditing and improved billing & collection efficiency. the accent in respect of areas covered under the Revised Fixing of accountability of the personnel / feeder managers Minimum Needs Programme (RMN P), is on village may help considerably in reduction of AT&C loss.With the electrification. According to the earlier definition: .A village is initiative of the Government of India and of the States, the classified as electrified if electricity is being used within its Accelerated Power Development & Reform Programme revenue area for any purpose what- so-ever. This definition of (APDRP) was launched in 2001, for the strengthening of village electrification was reviewed in consultation with the Sub-Transmission and Distribution network and reduction State Governments and State Electricity Boards and the in AT&C losses.following new definition was adopted:
The main objective of the programme was to bring A village will be deemed to be electrified if electricity is used in Aggregate Technical & Commercial (AT&C) losses below the inhabited locality within the revenue boundary of the village 15% in five years in urban and in high-density areas. The for any purpose whatsoever. It has been decided to revise the programme, along with other initiatives of the Government definition of village electrification and a new proposed of India and of the States, has led to reduction in the overall definition of village electrification is as under:AT&C loss from 38.86% in 2001-02 to 34.54% in 2005-06.
The commercial loss of the State Power Utilities reduced significantly during this period from Rs. 29331 Crore to The basic infrastructure such as distribution transformer and or Rs. 19546 Crore. The loss as percentage of turnover was distribution lines is made available in the inhabited locality reduced from 33% in 2000-01 to 16.60% in 2005-06. within the revenue boundary of the village including at least one
hamlet/Dalit Basti as applicable and any of the public places like Schools, Panchayat Office, Health Centres, Dispensaries, The APDRP programme has been restructured by the Community centers etc. avail power supply on demand and the Government of India, in order that reliable and verifiable ratings of distribution transformer and LT lines to be provided baseline data of revenue and energy in APDRP Project in the village would be finalized as per the anticipated number areas is attained over an IT platform and that AT& C loss of connections decided in consultation with the Panchayat/Zila reduction is achieved on a sustained basis. The Parishad/District Administration who will also issue the Restructured APDRP (R-APDRP) was launched by MoP, necessary certificate of village electrification on completion of Gol in July 2008 as a central sector scheme for XI plan. The the works. The number of household electrified should be scheme comprises of two parts-Part-A & Part-B, Part-A of minimum 10% for villages which are unelectrified, before the the scheme being dedicated to establishment of IT enabled village is declared electrified. The revision of definition would system for achieving reliable & verifiable baseline data be prospective.system in all towns with population greater than 30,000 as
per 2001 census (10,000 for Special Category Status).
14
16
demon of darkness (neglect, underdevelopment and Rampura village in Jhansi was the first in India to get its backwardness) with the Sun.” The plant was inaugurated on own solar power plant. It did not have any electricity at all January 26, 2012.before, but now the kerosene lamps which were the only
source of light at night are now redundant thanks to solar panels. Now the children of the village play or study under electric lamps in the nights, listen to the radio and watch TV, all because of energy. It is an 8.7 kilowatt power plant.
Bysanivaripalle is special. It is a small village in India's installed at a cost of Rs. 31.5 lakh, which provides southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh. It has been special ever electricity to all 69 houses in the village. Development since its inhabitants decided to go for biogas in the Eighties, with a total of 23 facilities today. But now, there is more: Bysanivaripalle has gone solar - to one hundred percent! The Austrian NGO Intersol has sponsored the first 26 solar installations. "Today, we are running our 49 facilities without a single match", says Sadananda Reddy, a silkworm breeder and solar activist in charge of the solar cookers, which are good for everything from cooking rice and traditional meals to roasting peanuts, making fries and heating up irons. Mrs. Papulamma enjoys the cookers just as much: "I don't have to go collect firewood anymore. All the women of the village have learned how to maintain the solar cookers". She is preparing school-lunches for forty-eight children. This model village saves on emitting 104 tons of CO2 per year. Dieter Seifert of Germany, who designed the SK-14 solar Alternatives, a non-profit organisation, in collaboration cookers, is proud of their achievements. "There are places with with Scatec Solar of Norway, gave the village the more solar cookers, of course. But the combination with Community-based Solar Power Plant. Rampura is 17 km biotechnology is unique. This village is a hundred percent CO2-from Jhansi. Amit, a Class 5 student, said: “I am happy that free."the light has come to my school and home.”
“In this solar power plant, community partnership has ensured participation of the community from the beginning for their ownership. Use of renewable and clean energy for New Keringa is a model village in Southern Orissa, India, with electricity generation will make Rampura self-sufficient in 47 families. It is distinct, not because it is in the news. It is the power supply. A Village Energy Committee has been story of a participatory democracy as the adage seems more established,” said Manaoj Mahata, Programme Manager- fitting that “an idea can change your life”. It is an excellent Energy, Development. example of empowered masses of a tiny hamlet in Orissa who
have defied challenges to make it happen.It is not just the light; the solar power would soon go into enhancing skills of the local people. A community-based It is the first village in Orissa to be lit by solar energy, thanks to profit oriented flour mill is soon going to start in the the unique joint initiative of 'D light and Beyond Solar', an village, which will run on solar power. Anita Pal, a resident American nonprofit with Southern Orissa Volunteer of the village who also is a member of the Village Energy Association (SOVA), a local NGO that has sponsored the solar Committee said: “I plan to begin a knitting enterprise to installations. D.light has pioneered innovative light designs make money.” cheap enough to be affordable for poor families who are just
making a meager income. “The Community-based Solar Power Plant pilot project was initiated to test the techno-commercial viability of The story unfolds the grim reality faced by people living in deploying solar energy for development in rural areas in distant rural areas and this experience opens a world of India. Its aim is to establish a model that is easily replicable opportunities for the 1.6 billion people around the world who and can facilitate a rollout of CSPPs on a large-scale across don't have access to electricity or good sources of light, and the India,” said Mahata. More villages are keen to have similar majority of them use kerosene lanterns and stoves, which are power plants. both hazardous and create air pollution.
Norwegian Minister for Environment and International Most of the rural households in New Keringa are on the brinks Development Erik Solheim inaugurated the project. of extinction due to paucity of employment opportunities, Solheim, an Indologist, told the villagers: “Your village poverty and economic backwardness. Literacy is at the lowest draw its name from Lord Rama. And you will fight the ebb and these tribal people are forced to sustain their livelihood
Another India's first-ever solar village
One more India's first 100% solar village
FOCUS:
Solar Villages in India
17
challenging as the first step was to educate the folks about the product and instill confidence.
Communication was another barrier that hindered free flow of ideas. The company was confident that this novel strategy would change their lives forever. Next step forward was to train about the benefits of solar lighting and LED technology with SOVA's assistance, a local NGO lending their helping hand. It was a win-win situation for both as the strategy was aimed at sensitizing the people about environment friendly energy efficient products plus enhancing their productivity. Being offered financial support, within a couple of days, the entire stock of Novas was sold off wherein villagers had to make a down-payment with weekly installments. It was history in making because the entire village was lit in one week!
It also worked wonders for the local people. Average monthly family income almost doubled as families were now able to work at night to earn an extra income. Earlier, each family used to consume 11 litres of kerosene, shelling out extra bucks. The consumption of kerosene is now 0 litres! The time on commuting to procure kerosene from the city was also cut drastically. Now, the children are able to study and the families are leading a quality life.
The main street in New Keringa, India, is lit for the first time. The village is 100% lit by D.light Novas. It is business efficiency, creativity and revitalization that paved the way in its success. Isn't that a meaningful step to achieve self-sufficiency from nature. Most of the villagers crush rocks all day to and light your life!earn a living.
They also make plates out of banana leaves that are sold at the market. These people are alienated from the mainstream, lack the basic infrastructure and the roads to For the 25 families development has been abysmal. Marred by the l i v i n g i n contradictions of a civilized society, families living in this S i t r a r u v i p a t t i area are amongst the poorest in India, with an average v i l l a g e , a monthly income of 600-700 rupees. Families use kerosene settlement located for lighting lanterns and cooking food. n e a r
Vellimalaipatti in Their plight witnessed a phenomenal makeover, kudos to Kottampatti block the concerted efforts of D.light that came up with an of Madurai district, alternative solution to rekindle the livelihood of the entire their village was village. The company in sync with an NGO initiated trials p o w e r e d b y of D.light Novas in the sample village (New Keringa). The electricity for the Nova uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to provide up to 40 first time ever. hours of light on a single charge. Initially, the task was T h a n k s t o a n
i n i t i a t i v e supported by the National Bank for Agriculture and R u r a l D e v e l o p m e n t (NABARD), some of the villagers have obtained solar-power units.Under the scheme, NABARD would cover 40% of the project cost and a subsidised bank loan would cover another 50%. The beneficiaries would only have to contribute the remaining 10%. The solar units have been supplied by SELCO, a for-profit social enterprise based in Bangalore, that has been instrumental role in improving living standards of poor households in rural India especially in the state of Karnataka through solar energy based interventions and low smoke cook stoves.
Sitraruvipatti village sees power for the first time
16
demon of darkness (neglect, underdevelopment and Rampura village in Jhansi was the first in India to get its backwardness) with the Sun.” The plant was inaugurated on own solar power plant. It did not have any electricity at all January 26, 2012.before, but now the kerosene lamps which were the only
source of light at night are now redundant thanks to solar panels. Now the children of the village play or study under electric lamps in the nights, listen to the radio and watch TV, all because of energy. It is an 8.7 kilowatt power plant.
Bysanivaripalle is special. It is a small village in India's installed at a cost of Rs. 31.5 lakh, which provides southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh. It has been special ever electricity to all 69 houses in the village. Development since its inhabitants decided to go for biogas in the Eighties, with a total of 23 facilities today. But now, there is more: Bysanivaripalle has gone solar - to one hundred percent! The Austrian NGO Intersol has sponsored the first 26 solar installations. "Today, we are running our 49 facilities without a single match", says Sadananda Reddy, a silkworm breeder and solar activist in charge of the solar cookers, which are good for everything from cooking rice and traditional meals to roasting peanuts, making fries and heating up irons. Mrs. Papulamma enjoys the cookers just as much: "I don't have to go collect firewood anymore. All the women of the village have learned how to maintain the solar cookers". She is preparing school-lunches for forty-eight children. This model village saves on emitting 104 tons of CO2 per year. Dieter Seifert of Germany, who designed the SK-14 solar Alternatives, a non-profit organisation, in collaboration cookers, is proud of their achievements. "There are places with with Scatec Solar of Norway, gave the village the more solar cookers, of course. But the combination with Community-based Solar Power Plant. Rampura is 17 km biotechnology is unique. This village is a hundred percent CO2-from Jhansi. Amit, a Class 5 student, said: “I am happy that free."the light has come to my school and home.”
“In this solar power plant, community partnership has ensured participation of the community from the beginning for their ownership. Use of renewable and clean energy for New Keringa is a model village in Southern Orissa, India, with electricity generation will make Rampura self-sufficient in 47 families. It is distinct, not because it is in the news. It is the power supply. A Village Energy Committee has been story of a participatory democracy as the adage seems more established,” said Manaoj Mahata, Programme Manager- fitting that “an idea can change your life”. It is an excellent Energy, Development. example of empowered masses of a tiny hamlet in Orissa who
have defied challenges to make it happen.It is not just the light; the solar power would soon go into enhancing skills of the local people. A community-based It is the first village in Orissa to be lit by solar energy, thanks to profit oriented flour mill is soon going to start in the the unique joint initiative of 'D light and Beyond Solar', an village, which will run on solar power. Anita Pal, a resident American nonprofit with Southern Orissa Volunteer of the village who also is a member of the Village Energy Association (SOVA), a local NGO that has sponsored the solar Committee said: “I plan to begin a knitting enterprise to installations. D.light has pioneered innovative light designs make money.” cheap enough to be affordable for poor families who are just
making a meager income. “The Community-based Solar Power Plant pilot project was initiated to test the techno-commercial viability of The story unfolds the grim reality faced by people living in deploying solar energy for development in rural areas in distant rural areas and this experience opens a world of India. Its aim is to establish a model that is easily replicable opportunities for the 1.6 billion people around the world who and can facilitate a rollout of CSPPs on a large-scale across don't have access to electricity or good sources of light, and the India,” said Mahata. More villages are keen to have similar majority of them use kerosene lanterns and stoves, which are power plants. both hazardous and create air pollution.
Norwegian Minister for Environment and International Most of the rural households in New Keringa are on the brinks Development Erik Solheim inaugurated the project. of extinction due to paucity of employment opportunities, Solheim, an Indologist, told the villagers: “Your village poverty and economic backwardness. Literacy is at the lowest draw its name from Lord Rama. And you will fight the ebb and these tribal people are forced to sustain their livelihood
Another India's first-ever solar village
One more India's first 100% solar village
FOCUS:
Solar Villages in India
17
challenging as the first step was to educate the folks about the product and instill confidence.
Communication was another barrier that hindered free flow of ideas. The company was confident that this novel strategy would change their lives forever. Next step forward was to train about the benefits of solar lighting and LED technology with SOVA's assistance, a local NGO lending their helping hand. It was a win-win situation for both as the strategy was aimed at sensitizing the people about environment friendly energy efficient products plus enhancing their productivity. Being offered financial support, within a couple of days, the entire stock of Novas was sold off wherein villagers had to make a down-payment with weekly installments. It was history in making because the entire village was lit in one week!
It also worked wonders for the local people. Average monthly family income almost doubled as families were now able to work at night to earn an extra income. Earlier, each family used to consume 11 litres of kerosene, shelling out extra bucks. The consumption of kerosene is now 0 litres! The time on commuting to procure kerosene from the city was also cut drastically. Now, the children are able to study and the families are leading a quality life.
The main street in New Keringa, India, is lit for the first time. The village is 100% lit by D.light Novas. It is business efficiency, creativity and revitalization that paved the way in its success. Isn't that a meaningful step to achieve self-sufficiency from nature. Most of the villagers crush rocks all day to and light your life!earn a living.
They also make plates out of banana leaves that are sold at the market. These people are alienated from the mainstream, lack the basic infrastructure and the roads to For the 25 families development has been abysmal. Marred by the l i v i n g i n contradictions of a civilized society, families living in this S i t r a r u v i p a t t i area are amongst the poorest in India, with an average v i l l a g e , a monthly income of 600-700 rupees. Families use kerosene settlement located for lighting lanterns and cooking food. n e a r
Vellimalaipatti in Their plight witnessed a phenomenal makeover, kudos to Kottampatti block the concerted efforts of D.light that came up with an of Madurai district, alternative solution to rekindle the livelihood of the entire their village was village. The company in sync with an NGO initiated trials p o w e r e d b y of D.light Novas in the sample village (New Keringa). The electricity for the Nova uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to provide up to 40 first time ever. hours of light on a single charge. Initially, the task was T h a n k s t o a n
i n i t i a t i v e supported by the National Bank for Agriculture and R u r a l D e v e l o p m e n t (NABARD), some of the villagers have obtained solar-power units.Under the scheme, NABARD would cover 40% of the project cost and a subsidised bank loan would cover another 50%. The beneficiaries would only have to contribute the remaining 10%. The solar units have been supplied by SELCO, a for-profit social enterprise based in Bangalore, that has been instrumental role in improving living standards of poor households in rural India especially in the state of Karnataka through solar energy based interventions and low smoke cook stoves.
Sitraruvipatti village sees power for the first time
18
Life in the remote Indian village of Meerwada used to grind Private company Mera Gao Power fits roof-top solar panels and to a standstill as darkness descended. Workers downed then transmission to other houses who pay about Rs. 40 to tools, kids strained to see their schoolbooks under the faint connect, with costs thereafter about Rs. 25 per week, said Nikhil glow of aged kerosene lamps and adults struggled to carry Jaisinghani, one of the firm's founders. That means it should out the most basic of household chores. currently take about 12 months to repay panel installation
expenses of about $2,500 for 100 houses, though the cost is set to The arrival of solar power last year has changed all that. On fall.a humid evening, fans whirr, children sit cross-legged to
study their Hindi and mother-of-seven Sunderbai is Going largedelighted people can actually see what they are eating and
Initial expenses are far more onerous on more comprehensive drinking. When it was dark, we used to drink water with mini-grids like the one in Meerwada, which includes a room full insects in, but now we can see insects, so we filter it and of batteries that can store enough electricity to provide round-then drink," said the 30-year-old, whose flame-orange sari the-clock supply to the village and which has recently started and gold nose ring are small defiances in a life close to the powering water pumps.poverty line.California-based SunEdison reckons it cost $100,000-$125,000 Meerwada, on a dirt track rutted by rains and outside the to build the 14 kilowatt (KW) plant in Meerwada, an expense reach of the national grid, struck lucky when U.S. solar that would have demanded fees way too high for the 400 or so firm SunEdison picked it to test out business models and villagers, whose per capita income is about $250 a year. The firm covered the hefty initial expense of installing hi-tech solar expects initial capital costs to come down enough to make panels in the heart of the village.alternating current (AC) systems affordable in villages like
But rapidly falling costs and improved access to financing Meerwada in a few years, with improving technology and fierce for would-be customers could encourage the spread of competition reducing hardware costs, while enhanced battery such systems down the line, while simpler solar schemes storage driven by the auto industry's push on electric cars is also are already making profits in areas where the grid either helping.does not extend or provides only patchy
SunEdison, which sells solar power power.plants and services worldwide to
The country's Ministry of New and commercial, government and utility Renewable Energy (MNRE) hopes customers, has over 50 MW of solar systems that bypass the national interconnected solar electricity in grid will account for just under 1% of India, with projects ranging from small total installed capacity by 2022. Still a rooftop installations to part of the mere flicker, but that 4,000-megawatt Gujarat solar park.(MW) goal would be way up from 80
"Three years ago, the panel price was MW now when so-called off-grid solar $2.60 per watt. Today it is 75 cents a systems are still out of reach for most of watt. I don't think it will halve in the the country's rural poor.next few years but I clearly see 50 cents
Sunny again a watt by 2014/15," said Ahmad Chatila, president and chief executive of MEMC Electronic, SunEdison's parent company.Large-scale solar facilities that directly feed the grid, such
as those at an over 600 MW solar park recently launched In the meantime, the government is offering 30% of the project with great fanfare in Gujarat, have been gaining traction for cost and in some cases low-interest loans for solar power some time. But potential growth in off-grid solar power systems under its Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission offers a ray of hope to the around 40% of India's 1.2 billion policy launched in 2010. But that still means systems are beyond population that the renewable power ministry estimates the reach of many poor, rural customers, so some solar lack access to energy. People like those in the village just companies are putting up the 20% deposits on loans required by 200 meters away from Meerwada, who rely on a hand banks or acting as guarantors for customers who are outside the pump for water and cook by torchlight as hungry goats conventional banking system.creep up on them out of the gloom.
Keep on the sunny sideCovering initial investment on solar is key as, in a country
Back in Meerwada, which lies in central India's Madhya with around 300 days of sunshine a year, subsequent costs Pradesh, the villagers have added an unexpected ingredient to are largely limited to maintenance and repairs. "The high the cost equation -- frugality. Lights even now are turned on only up-front capital cost is one of the adoption barriers (for when darkness falls and fans target the youngest children and the solar projects)," said Krister Aanesen, associate principal elderly, saving on power use.at McKinsey & Company's renewable energy
division."Although diesel is more expensive on a full-cost Only the village leader, Sampat Bai, has been able to afford a basis, you defer cash outlay for the fuel ... the cash outlays television but it's open to all and her bare-walled main room is are different and that's one of the key challenges." crowded when the latest epic dramas come on screen and the
c h i l d r e n h a v e f i n i s h e d t h e i r h o m e w o r k .Small-scale direct current (DC) systems from Karnataka in Manorbai, a 30-something mother who is now making more the south to Assam in the north-east have already cleared money by working at night to mend and sew on her vintage that hurdle, supplying simple lights and mobile phone black-and-gold foot-pedal sewing machine, has a simple chargers at 100-200 rupees ($1.80-$3.60) per month per message on the future. "Our village has power and other villages light -- prices that typically allow installers to cover their should too," she said.initial costs in time.
Meerwada A Solar Village in Madhya Pradesh
18
Life in the remote Indian village of Meerwada used to grind Private company Mera Gao Power fits roof-top solar panels and to a standstill as darkness descended. Workers downed then transmission to other houses who pay about Rs. 40 to tools, kids strained to see their schoolbooks under the faint connect, with costs thereafter about Rs. 25 per week, said Nikhil glow of aged kerosene lamps and adults struggled to carry Jaisinghani, one of the firm's founders. That means it should out the most basic of household chores. currently take about 12 months to repay panel installation
expenses of about $2,500 for 100 houses, though the cost is set to The arrival of solar power last year has changed all that. On fall.a humid evening, fans whirr, children sit cross-legged to
study their Hindi and mother-of-seven Sunderbai is Going largedelighted people can actually see what they are eating and
Initial expenses are far more onerous on more comprehensive drinking. When it was dark, we used to drink water with mini-grids like the one in Meerwada, which includes a room full insects in, but now we can see insects, so we filter it and of batteries that can store enough electricity to provide round-then drink," said the 30-year-old, whose flame-orange sari the-clock supply to the village and which has recently started and gold nose ring are small defiances in a life close to the powering water pumps.poverty line.California-based SunEdison reckons it cost $100,000-$125,000 Meerwada, on a dirt track rutted by rains and outside the to build the 14 kilowatt (KW) plant in Meerwada, an expense reach of the national grid, struck lucky when U.S. solar that would have demanded fees way too high for the 400 or so firm SunEdison picked it to test out business models and villagers, whose per capita income is about $250 a year. The firm covered the hefty initial expense of installing hi-tech solar expects initial capital costs to come down enough to make panels in the heart of the village.alternating current (AC) systems affordable in villages like
But rapidly falling costs and improved access to financing Meerwada in a few years, with improving technology and fierce for would-be customers could encourage the spread of competition reducing hardware costs, while enhanced battery such systems down the line, while simpler solar schemes storage driven by the auto industry's push on electric cars is also are already making profits in areas where the grid either helping.does not extend or provides only patchy
SunEdison, which sells solar power power.plants and services worldwide to
The country's Ministry of New and commercial, government and utility Renewable Energy (MNRE) hopes customers, has over 50 MW of solar systems that bypass the national interconnected solar electricity in grid will account for just under 1% of India, with projects ranging from small total installed capacity by 2022. Still a rooftop installations to part of the mere flicker, but that 4,000-megawatt Gujarat solar park.(MW) goal would be way up from 80
"Three years ago, the panel price was MW now when so-called off-grid solar $2.60 per watt. Today it is 75 cents a systems are still out of reach for most of watt. I don't think it will halve in the the country's rural poor.next few years but I clearly see 50 cents
Sunny again a watt by 2014/15," said Ahmad Chatila, president and chief executive of MEMC Electronic, SunEdison's parent company.Large-scale solar facilities that directly feed the grid, such
as those at an over 600 MW solar park recently launched In the meantime, the government is offering 30% of the project with great fanfare in Gujarat, have been gaining traction for cost and in some cases low-interest loans for solar power some time. But potential growth in off-grid solar power systems under its Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission offers a ray of hope to the around 40% of India's 1.2 billion policy launched in 2010. But that still means systems are beyond population that the renewable power ministry estimates the reach of many poor, rural customers, so some solar lack access to energy. People like those in the village just companies are putting up the 20% deposits on loans required by 200 meters away from Meerwada, who rely on a hand banks or acting as guarantors for customers who are outside the pump for water and cook by torchlight as hungry goats conventional banking system.creep up on them out of the gloom.
Keep on the sunny sideCovering initial investment on solar is key as, in a country
Back in Meerwada, which lies in central India's Madhya with around 300 days of sunshine a year, subsequent costs Pradesh, the villagers have added an unexpected ingredient to are largely limited to maintenance and repairs. "The high the cost equation -- frugality. Lights even now are turned on only up-front capital cost is one of the adoption barriers (for when darkness falls and fans target the youngest children and the solar projects)," said Krister Aanesen, associate principal elderly, saving on power use.at McKinsey & Company's renewable energy
division."Although diesel is more expensive on a full-cost Only the village leader, Sampat Bai, has been able to afford a basis, you defer cash outlay for the fuel ... the cash outlays television but it's open to all and her bare-walled main room is are different and that's one of the key challenges." crowded when the latest epic dramas come on screen and the
c h i l d r e n h a v e f i n i s h e d t h e i r h o m e w o r k .Small-scale direct current (DC) systems from Karnataka in Manorbai, a 30-something mother who is now making more the south to Assam in the north-east have already cleared money by working at night to mend and sew on her vintage that hurdle, supplying simple lights and mobile phone black-and-gold foot-pedal sewing machine, has a simple chargers at 100-200 rupees ($1.80-$3.60) per month per message on the future. "Our village has power and other villages light -- prices that typically allow installers to cover their should too," she said.initial costs in time.
Meerwada A Solar Village in Madhya Pradesh
20
growing demand for energy and reducing the reliance on fossil fuels, thus reducing associated GHG emissions. Thus, MNRE has been actively promoting renewable energy sources in the country.
In the recent past, the government of India's Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has created a Solar City Programme, which supports 60 Indian cities in the development of energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy (RE) projects and aims to reduce conventional energy demand by 10% by 2013, compared to 2008 energy use levels. Under the programme, each city must develop a master plan which provides projections for energy demand and supply for five and ten year periods (for 2013 and 2018) and includes annual targets for energy conservation, renewable energy addition, and greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement along with an action plan for implementation and identification of potential sources of funding.
About 30% (285.35 million people, 2001 census) of the Indian population resides in urban areas. In post-independence era while population of India has grown three times, the urban population has grown five times. Urban areas are heavily dependant on fossil fuels (often imported), for the maintenance of essential public services, for powering homes, transport systems, infrastructure, industry and commerce. The fossil
Development of Solar Cities in India fuels are increasingly becoming more expensive due to scarcity of fuel and increase in demand. In addition to this, the
India's energy consumption has been increasing at one of environmental and social impacts of the consumption of fossil the fastest rates in the world. This is attributed to fuels are increasingly becoming a concern. These impacts population and economic growth, urbanization, and include air pollution, global warming, waste disposal problems, increasing access to energy. As an example, commercial land degradation and the depletion of natural resources.primary energy consumption in India has grown by about 700% in the last four decades. Urbanization and economic development are leading to a rapid
rise in energy demand in urban areas. Urban areas have emerged as one of the biggest sources of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, with buildings alone contributing to around 40% of the total GHG emissions. As per latest UN report one million people are moving to urban areas each week. It is estimated that around two-thirds of the world population will be living in cities in 2050. This requires a tremendous shift in energy resources in urban areas. In recognition of this, various cities around the world are setting targets and introducing polices for promoting renewable energy and reducing GHG emissions. London has announced 20% Carbon emission reduction by 2010; New York and 200 other U.S. cities have set a similar target. Tokyo has announced 20% share of renewables in total consumption by 2020 and Australian governmenthas initiated a Solar Cities programme.
Several Indian cities and towns are experiencing 15% growth in the peak electricity demand. The local governments and the electricity utilities are finding it difficult to cope with this rapid Aside from this staggering growth in energy use, an rise in demand and as a result most of the cities/towns are facing existing energy supply-demand imbalance poses a hurdle severe electricity shortages. There is a need to develop a for future increased economic growth. Also, despite this framework that will encourage and assist cities in assessing growth, over half of the citizens have no access to energy.their present energy consumption status, setting clear targets for Renewable energy technologies have the potential to and preparing action plans for generating energy through improve the quality of life in India by helping to meet the
“The far-reaching national Solar Cities program is set to trial the wide scale deployment of the latest solar technology. It also aims to find new ways for communities to think about their energy use, and for electricity markets to deliver competitively priced renewable energy where and when it is needed. The importance of the Solar Cities program lies in its potential to provide integrated models for sustainable electricity supply, energy efficiency and greenhouse gas abatement. How could you demonstrate how solar power, smart meters, energy efficiency and new approaches to electricity pricing can combine to provide a sustainable energy future in urban locations in India? The answers are provided in the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) Guidelines for implementation of the Programme on “Development of Solar Cities” hereunder!”
Solar Cities generating new approaches worldwideBy Ramanathan Menon
21
renewable energy sources and in conserving energy architects/engineers, builders and developers, financial utilized in conducting Urban services. institutions, NGOs, technical institutions, manufactures and
suppliers, RWAs etc. and visits/ study tours within India.The proposed programme on “Development of Solar Cities” would support/encourage Urban Local Bodies to Preparation of proposals for carbon financing.prepare a Road Map to guide their cities in becoming 'renewable energy cities' or 'solar cities' or 'eco/green Organizing publicity and awareness campaign through cities'. The Ministry has already initiated various print and electronic media.programmes in the Urban Sector for promoting solar water heating systems in homes, hotels, hostels, hospitals and Development of four Cities as “Model Solar City” by way industry; deployment of SPV systems/devices in urban of supporting the installation of renewable energy and energy areas for demonstration and awareness creation; conservation devices/systems in govt./ public buildings establishment of 'Akshya Urja Shops'; design of Solar through financial support from the Ministry.Buildings and promoting urban and industrial waste/ biomass to energy projects. The programme aims to About 50 new small townships/campuses being developed consolidate all the efforts of the Ministry in the Urban by the promoters/builders, SEZs/ industrial towns, Institutional Sector and address the energy problem of the urban areas in campus etc. for preparation of a Master Plan/DPR including the a holistic manner. action plan for renewable energy installations and green
campus development will be supported.
Major thrust of the ProgrammeFinancial Provisions
The Program has been designed to address challenges in delivering sustainable energy at city level through: The Central Financial Assistance (CFA) will be provided as
follows:Preparation of a Master Plan within a period of one year
from the date of sanctioning by the Ministry. The Master CFA for preparation of Master Plans along with the Action Plan should be prepared as per the guidelines and format Plans, setting up of Solar City Cell and it's functioning, other prescribed by the Ministry. The Master Plan prepared in the promotional activities and oversight of implementation, etc.:prescribed format would provide total and sector-wise projections for energy demand and supply for next 10 Up to Rs. 50.00 lakh per city/town depending upon population years. Further, it would provide a complete sector-wise and initiatives to be taken by the City Council/ base-line on energy utilization and GHG emissions in the Administration/Municipal Corporation, break-up of which is city. Year-wise targets for energy conservation, renewable given below:energy addition and GHG abatement along with the action plan for implementation will be clearly brought out in the ( ) Up to Rs. 10.00 lakh is for preparation of a Master Plan Master Plan. Potential sources of funding from respective alongwith few implementable Detailed Project Reports within organizations (both public and private) for providing a year.financial support will be identified. Before finalization, the ( ) Up to Rs. 10.00 lakh is for oversight of implementation draft Master Plan would be discussed in a Stakeholders during three years.Consultation Workshop having representation from ( ) Up to Rs. 10.00 lakh is for setting up of Solar City Cell and elected representatives, local research and academic its functioning for a period of three years.institutions, resident welfare associations, industries and ( ) Remaining amount of Rs. 20 lakh is to be utilized in three corporate organizations, NGOs, SNA, etc. The Master years for other promotional activities, trainings, workshops, Plan will also contain few implementable Detailed Project study tours and augmenting the activities of Solar City Cell.Reports which could be submitted by the Implementing Agency for sanction. The Master Plan will ensure The above provisions are applicable for all 60 Cities including reduction in their energy consumption from the existing Pilot Solar Cities and Model Solar Cities irrespective of level and consequent reduction in CO2 emissions. financial provisions made separately for these, elsewhere.
Setting up of “Solar City Cell” in the City Council CFA for installation of various renewable energy including Senior Administrator and City Engineers, projects/systems/devices in the Pilot Solar City:representative of SNAs for planning and implementation. A “Solar City Stakeholders Committee” will be set up Sanctions will be given under Solar City Programme by the for advisory support involving representation from elected Ministry depending upon the maturity of the proposal representatives in the municipal bodies, local research and commensurate with the Master Plan and DPRs. A total CFA for academic institutions, resident welfare associations, i n s t a l l a t i o n o f v a r i o u s r e n e w a b l e e n e r g y industries and corporate organizations, NGOs, State Nodal projects/systems/devices in the city upto Rs. 2.50 crore will be Agencies and other relevant stakeholder. provided for each Pilot Solar City.
Organizing training programmes/ workshops/ The funds will be released to the Solar City/Township under the business meets/ awareness camps, etc. for various Solar City programme subject to the condition that the equal stakeholders such as elected representatives of the amount i.e., Rs. 2.50 crore will be made available by the m u n i c i p a l b o d i e s , m u n i c i p a l o f f i c i a l s , concerned Municipal Corporation/City Administration/State or
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growing demand for energy and reducing the reliance on fossil fuels, thus reducing associated GHG emissions. Thus, MNRE has been actively promoting renewable energy sources in the country.
In the recent past, the government of India's Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has created a Solar City Programme, which supports 60 Indian cities in the development of energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy (RE) projects and aims to reduce conventional energy demand by 10% by 2013, compared to 2008 energy use levels. Under the programme, each city must develop a master plan which provides projections for energy demand and supply for five and ten year periods (for 2013 and 2018) and includes annual targets for energy conservation, renewable energy addition, and greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement along with an action plan for implementation and identification of potential sources of funding.
About 30% (285.35 million people, 2001 census) of the Indian population resides in urban areas. In post-independence era while population of India has grown three times, the urban population has grown five times. Urban areas are heavily dependant on fossil fuels (often imported), for the maintenance of essential public services, for powering homes, transport systems, infrastructure, industry and commerce. The fossil
Development of Solar Cities in India fuels are increasingly becoming more expensive due to scarcity of fuel and increase in demand. In addition to this, the
India's energy consumption has been increasing at one of environmental and social impacts of the consumption of fossil the fastest rates in the world. This is attributed to fuels are increasingly becoming a concern. These impacts population and economic growth, urbanization, and include air pollution, global warming, waste disposal problems, increasing access to energy. As an example, commercial land degradation and the depletion of natural resources.primary energy consumption in India has grown by about 700% in the last four decades. Urbanization and economic development are leading to a rapid
rise in energy demand in urban areas. Urban areas have emerged as one of the biggest sources of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, with buildings alone contributing to around 40% of the total GHG emissions. As per latest UN report one million people are moving to urban areas each week. It is estimated that around two-thirds of the world population will be living in cities in 2050. This requires a tremendous shift in energy resources in urban areas. In recognition of this, various cities around the world are setting targets and introducing polices for promoting renewable energy and reducing GHG emissions. London has announced 20% Carbon emission reduction by 2010; New York and 200 other U.S. cities have set a similar target. Tokyo has announced 20% share of renewables in total consumption by 2020 and Australian governmenthas initiated a Solar Cities programme.
Several Indian cities and towns are experiencing 15% growth in the peak electricity demand. The local governments and the electricity utilities are finding it difficult to cope with this rapid Aside from this staggering growth in energy use, an rise in demand and as a result most of the cities/towns are facing existing energy supply-demand imbalance poses a hurdle severe electricity shortages. There is a need to develop a for future increased economic growth. Also, despite this framework that will encourage and assist cities in assessing growth, over half of the citizens have no access to energy.their present energy consumption status, setting clear targets for Renewable energy technologies have the potential to and preparing action plans for generating energy through improve the quality of life in India by helping to meet the
“The far-reaching national Solar Cities program is set to trial the wide scale deployment of the latest solar technology. It also aims to find new ways for communities to think about their energy use, and for electricity markets to deliver competitively priced renewable energy where and when it is needed. The importance of the Solar Cities program lies in its potential to provide integrated models for sustainable electricity supply, energy efficiency and greenhouse gas abatement. How could you demonstrate how solar power, smart meters, energy efficiency and new approaches to electricity pricing can combine to provide a sustainable energy future in urban locations in India? The answers are provided in the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) Guidelines for implementation of the Programme on “Development of Solar Cities” hereunder!”
Solar Cities generating new approaches worldwideBy Ramanathan Menon
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renewable energy sources and in conserving energy architects/engineers, builders and developers, financial utilized in conducting Urban services. institutions, NGOs, technical institutions, manufactures and
suppliers, RWAs etc. and visits/ study tours within India.The proposed programme on “Development of Solar Cities” would support/encourage Urban Local Bodies to Preparation of proposals for carbon financing.prepare a Road Map to guide their cities in becoming 'renewable energy cities' or 'solar cities' or 'eco/green Organizing publicity and awareness campaign through cities'. The Ministry has already initiated various print and electronic media.programmes in the Urban Sector for promoting solar water heating systems in homes, hotels, hostels, hospitals and Development of four Cities as “Model Solar City” by way industry; deployment of SPV systems/devices in urban of supporting the installation of renewable energy and energy areas for demonstration and awareness creation; conservation devices/systems in govt./ public buildings establishment of 'Akshya Urja Shops'; design of Solar through financial support from the Ministry.Buildings and promoting urban and industrial waste/ biomass to energy projects. The programme aims to About 50 new small townships/campuses being developed consolidate all the efforts of the Ministry in the Urban by the promoters/builders, SEZs/ industrial towns, Institutional Sector and address the energy problem of the urban areas in campus etc. for preparation of a Master Plan/DPR including the a holistic manner. action plan for renewable energy installations and green
campus development will be supported.
Major thrust of the ProgrammeFinancial Provisions
The Program has been designed to address challenges in delivering sustainable energy at city level through: The Central Financial Assistance (CFA) will be provided as
follows:Preparation of a Master Plan within a period of one year
from the date of sanctioning by the Ministry. The Master CFA for preparation of Master Plans along with the Action Plan should be prepared as per the guidelines and format Plans, setting up of Solar City Cell and it's functioning, other prescribed by the Ministry. The Master Plan prepared in the promotional activities and oversight of implementation, etc.:prescribed format would provide total and sector-wise projections for energy demand and supply for next 10 Up to Rs. 50.00 lakh per city/town depending upon population years. Further, it would provide a complete sector-wise and initiatives to be taken by the City Council/ base-line on energy utilization and GHG emissions in the Administration/Municipal Corporation, break-up of which is city. Year-wise targets for energy conservation, renewable given below:energy addition and GHG abatement along with the action plan for implementation will be clearly brought out in the ( ) Up to Rs. 10.00 lakh is for preparation of a Master Plan Master Plan. Potential sources of funding from respective alongwith few implementable Detailed Project Reports within organizations (both public and private) for providing a year.financial support will be identified. Before finalization, the ( ) Up to Rs. 10.00 lakh is for oversight of implementation draft Master Plan would be discussed in a Stakeholders during three years.Consultation Workshop having representation from ( ) Up to Rs. 10.00 lakh is for setting up of Solar City Cell and elected representatives, local research and academic its functioning for a period of three years.institutions, resident welfare associations, industries and ( ) Remaining amount of Rs. 20 lakh is to be utilized in three corporate organizations, NGOs, SNA, etc. The Master years for other promotional activities, trainings, workshops, Plan will also contain few implementable Detailed Project study tours and augmenting the activities of Solar City Cell.Reports which could be submitted by the Implementing Agency for sanction. The Master Plan will ensure The above provisions are applicable for all 60 Cities including reduction in their energy consumption from the existing Pilot Solar Cities and Model Solar Cities irrespective of level and consequent reduction in CO2 emissions. financial provisions made separately for these, elsewhere.
Setting up of “Solar City Cell” in the City Council CFA for installation of various renewable energy including Senior Administrator and City Engineers, projects/systems/devices in the Pilot Solar City:representative of SNAs for planning and implementation. A “Solar City Stakeholders Committee” will be set up Sanctions will be given under Solar City Programme by the for advisory support involving representation from elected Ministry depending upon the maturity of the proposal representatives in the municipal bodies, local research and commensurate with the Master Plan and DPRs. A total CFA for academic institutions, resident welfare associations, i n s t a l l a t i o n o f v a r i o u s r e n e w a b l e e n e r g y industries and corporate organizations, NGOs, State Nodal projects/systems/devices in the city upto Rs. 2.50 crore will be Agencies and other relevant stakeholder. provided for each Pilot Solar City.
Organizing training programmes/ workshops/ The funds will be released to the Solar City/Township under the business meets/ awareness camps, etc. for various Solar City programme subject to the condition that the equal stakeholders such as elected representatives of the amount i.e., Rs. 2.50 crore will be made available by the m u n i c i p a l b o d i e s , m u n i c i p a l o f f i c i a l s , concerned Municipal Corporation/City Administration/State or
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any other resources. The financial pattern will be as For earlier sanctioned two Model Solar Cities the 50% CFA can applicable in the schemes underJawaharlal Nehru National be availed out of the funds sanctioned. However, for the two Solar Mission being implemented by the Ministry for Solar new Model Solar Cities to be sanctioned under this modified related projects. For other projects the MNRE's CFA of scheme, the financial pattern will be as applicable in the 50% or as in MNRE's respective programmes, whichever schemes under Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission being is higher, would be applicable. implemented by the Ministry forSolar related projects. For
other projects the MNRE's CFA of 50% or as in MNRE's The first 10 cities will be covered under this financial respective programmes, whichever is higher, would be
th applicable. assistance during 11 plan as Pilot Solar Cities on merit on first come first served basis. This financial assistance will
Indicative measures and the list of energy conservation and be available to those cities which fulfill or have taken renewable energy devices/systems that could help in preparing actions on the minimum of three conditions as listed in the Master Plan & developing cities as Solar Cities are given in Annexure I.Annexure-II & III.
Those projects set up by availing this amount of Rs. 2.50 crore of MNRE as Pilot Solar Cities will not be entitled to Cities to be supportedfurther avail the MNRE subsidy for the same project under any other programme. However, the other projects can be A total of 60 cities/towns are proposed to be developed as set up under MNRE programmes. “Solar Cities” during the 11th Plan period. At least one city in
each State to a maximum of five cities in a State will be For other Solar Cities, the financial pattern will be as supported by the Ministry. The cities/towns included in the applicable in the schemes under Jawaharlal Nehru program will have population between 0.50 lakh to 50 lakh National Solar Mission being implemented by the Ministry which includes the floating population. Cities with even less for Solar related projects and for other projects the population located in North Eastern and hilly states, Islands and MNRE's CFA as applicable in MNRE's respective UT's will also be considered under the program on case to case programmes under this programme may be utilized. basis on merit.
CFA for preparation of a Master Plan and DPRs Criteria for selection of citiesinc lud ing the ac t ion p lan for new smal l townships/campuses being developed by the
The program encourages cities with high level of commitment promoters/builders, SEZs/ industrial towns, Institutional and leadership quality. MNRE will consider the following campus, etc:while selection of cities:
City Population, regional setting and prominence in Upto Rs. 10.00 lakh for preparation of a Master Plan and region.DPR including the action plan for renewable energy
Political and administrative commitment towards installations, green campus development, awareness adoption of sustainable energies (Resolution to be passed by the generation and trainings etc. will be provided for each new City Council/Administration for implementing all the activities small townships/campuses duly notified/permitted by the specified in the 'Solar cities' programme).States/Local Authorities.
Regulatory measures taken on adoption of energy conservation and renewable energy.CFA for organizing seminars / workshops trainings,
Potential for adoption of energy conservation and a w a r e n e s s c a m p a i g n s p r e p a r a t i o n o f renewable energy in the city activities.literature/guidelines, etc:
Initiatives already taken by City Council/Administration/ Private Developers/ Industry/General Public in promoting The activities relating to Solar City Programme may be energy conservation and renewable energy.carried out under the Ministry's scheme on 'Seminar and
Urban Local Bodies' previous experience in involving Symposia on New and Renewable Energy' by the Ministry public participation and working with all stakeholders.or any other organizations.
Willingness and commitment to provide resources, financial share and sustenance of activities initiated under the CFA for Model Solar Cities:program.
The CFA up to Rs. 9.50 crore for each Model Solar City Procedure for Submission of Proposals, Sanctions will be provided to four Model Solar Cities with the and Release of fundscondition that the similar matching fund upto Rs.9.50 crore
is provided by the Municipal Corporat ion/ Proposals as per the prescribed format given in Annexure-IV Municipality/State/District authority or arranged by them w i l l b e s u b m i t t e d b y t h e C i t y from there own or and other sources including public Counc i l /Admin i s t r a t ion /Munic ipa l Corpora t ion / private partnership for four Model Solar Cities. This Municipalities/Developers/Institutions etc. preferably through financial assistance will be available for setting up of State Nodal Agency. The proposals will be examined in the related project/systems/devices to those Model Solar Ministry based on which 50% of the CFA will be released onCities which have fulfilled or taken actions on the sanctioned projects/activities and rest on progressive minimum of three conditions as listed in Annexure-I.achievements and utilization of funds released for the activities 23
i.e., for preparation of Master Plan, setting up of Solar City Provision of Consultancy HelpCells, other awareness, training and publicity, over seeing the implementation other than cost of setting up of the One consultant will be engaged for providing technical help in projects. implementation of the programme. This will help in expanding
activities, rigorous monitoring and follow ups as well.For availing the provisions of funds for setting up of projects/systems/devices of Renewable Energy, the Annexure-Ispecific proposal for each project or group of projects will Conditions required for a Solar City for availing the funds of b e s u b m i t t e d b y t h e c o n c e r n e d C i t y MNRE i. The City has created a Solar City Cell and constituted C o u n c i l / A d m i n i s t r a t i o n / M u n i c i p a l the Stakeholders Committee. Corporation/Municipalities/Organization of the approved Solar City for consideration. . A copy of the notifications for creation of Solar City Cell and
Stakeholders Committee to be submitted.The proposal should be accompanied by the resolution of . Action initiated/taken to amend building bye-laws for Municipal Corporation/Municipality/Nominated Agency making the use of solar water heating systems mandatory in indicating the commitment for providing the matching certain category of buildings.fund upto Rs.2.50 crore for the Solar City. The benchmarks . Action initiated/taken to provide rebate in property tax for standards and costs and the guidelines as applicable in through Municipal Corporations/ Municipalities or in other programmes of MNRE will be followed. Similarly electricity tariff though Utilities/ Electricity Boards to the users the proposal for Model Solar Cities will also be prepared of solar water heaters especially in domestic sector.and submitted alongwith the commitment of the concerned . Action initiated/taken to promote National Rating System organization. for construction of energy efficient Green Buildings in
particular to commercial and institutional buildings. The city The CFA for setting up of projects will be released on two has issued G.O as regards to construction of Greeninstallments. The 1st installment of 50% will be released at buildings in compliance with approved National Rating the time of sanction of the project with the commitment Systems like GRIHA particularly in Government/PSUs that the matching fund will be provided by the proposing buildings.organization. . As per MSW Rules notified by the MoEF, the city has
initiated/taken actions for proper MSW management and for The 2nd installment of remaining 50% will be released on setting up set up projects of suitable capacity for generating completion of the project, receipt of Utilization Certificate energy from the waste collected from the city/town.of the 1st installment and a project completion report duly . The city has initiated actions in amending/has amended the submitted by the Competent Authority.For small byelaws or makes new byelaws for promoting the renewable townships/campuses the proposal should be prepared by energy options for avoiding use of diesel and petrol generator the respective developer/builder/institution given in sets in markets, public places, schools, offices etc.prescribed format at Annexure-V with the commitment in . Action initiated/taken for reduction of electricity the suitable bond paper indicating that the installations of consumption in street light/garden lights, traffic lights, the projects/systems/devices of Renewable Energy will be blinkers, hoardings etc. and in schools, commercial buildings, under taken after preparation of the Master Plan/DPR. offices, institutional buildings and other establishments by
using energy conservation & renewable energy devices.Institution of Awards . The Municipal Corporation/ Municipality/SNA have
established at least one Akshay Urja Shop alongwith the repair Annual awards to identified Solar Cities may be given and maintenance facilities either in their campus or at some away by the Ministry in the form of Shields/ Certificates prominent place in the City.based on the information provided by City . The Master Plan has been prepared and the installation of at Council/Administration in regard to initiatives taken on least 2 to 3 Major Projects of Renewable Energy have taken developing their city as Solar City. The awards to the best place/sanctioned/commenced.townships/campuses will also be given and with a certification of using the “Solar Township” or “Solar Annexure-IICampus”. R e n e w a b l e E n e r g y a n d E n e r g y c o n s e r v a t i o n
projects/system/devices for Solar Cities: Solar City will focus on the l imi ted and popular renewable energy Performance Evaluationprojects/systems/devices such as solar PV systems including and building integrated photovoltaic, kitchen waste based Sanctioned cities will be required to submit reports on half plants, solar water heating systems, solar cooking systems, yearly basis as per the details given in their Master Plan. solar steam generating/drying/air heating systems, solar Energy saved and energy generated through energy concentrators for process heat applications, solar air-conservation and renewable energy devices/systems will conditioning, power projects on methane recovery from STPs, be clearly indicated in the report along with the bio-mass gasification based systems, biogas, wind, etc.promotional and policy measures taken by them in
achieving the targets. An evaluation of the experience of Energy conservation/devices/systemsimplementation of the program would be undertaken at the
end of Eleventh Five Year Plan and further extension and ) LEDs/ CFLs instead of incandescent bulbsinclusion/calibration of program activities will be decided.
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any other resources. The financial pattern will be as For earlier sanctioned two Model Solar Cities the 50% CFA can applicable in the schemes underJawaharlal Nehru National be availed out of the funds sanctioned. However, for the two Solar Mission being implemented by the Ministry for Solar new Model Solar Cities to be sanctioned under this modified related projects. For other projects the MNRE's CFA of scheme, the financial pattern will be as applicable in the 50% or as in MNRE's respective programmes, whichever schemes under Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission being is higher, would be applicable. implemented by the Ministry forSolar related projects. For
other projects the MNRE's CFA of 50% or as in MNRE's The first 10 cities will be covered under this financial respective programmes, whichever is higher, would be
th applicable. assistance during 11 plan as Pilot Solar Cities on merit on first come first served basis. This financial assistance will
Indicative measures and the list of energy conservation and be available to those cities which fulfill or have taken renewable energy devices/systems that could help in preparing actions on the minimum of three conditions as listed in the Master Plan & developing cities as Solar Cities are given in Annexure I.Annexure-II & III.
Those projects set up by availing this amount of Rs. 2.50 crore of MNRE as Pilot Solar Cities will not be entitled to Cities to be supportedfurther avail the MNRE subsidy for the same project under any other programme. However, the other projects can be A total of 60 cities/towns are proposed to be developed as set up under MNRE programmes. “Solar Cities” during the 11th Plan period. At least one city in
each State to a maximum of five cities in a State will be For other Solar Cities, the financial pattern will be as supported by the Ministry. The cities/towns included in the applicable in the schemes under Jawaharlal Nehru program will have population between 0.50 lakh to 50 lakh National Solar Mission being implemented by the Ministry which includes the floating population. Cities with even less for Solar related projects and for other projects the population located in North Eastern and hilly states, Islands and MNRE's CFA as applicable in MNRE's respective UT's will also be considered under the program on case to case programmes under this programme may be utilized. basis on merit.
CFA for preparation of a Master Plan and DPRs Criteria for selection of citiesinc lud ing the ac t ion p lan for new smal l townships/campuses being developed by the
The program encourages cities with high level of commitment promoters/builders, SEZs/ industrial towns, Institutional and leadership quality. MNRE will consider the following campus, etc:while selection of cities:
City Population, regional setting and prominence in Upto Rs. 10.00 lakh for preparation of a Master Plan and region.DPR including the action plan for renewable energy
Political and administrative commitment towards installations, green campus development, awareness adoption of sustainable energies (Resolution to be passed by the generation and trainings etc. will be provided for each new City Council/Administration for implementing all the activities small townships/campuses duly notified/permitted by the specified in the 'Solar cities' programme).States/Local Authorities.
Regulatory measures taken on adoption of energy conservation and renewable energy.CFA for organizing seminars / workshops trainings,
Potential for adoption of energy conservation and a w a r e n e s s c a m p a i g n s p r e p a r a t i o n o f renewable energy in the city activities.literature/guidelines, etc:
Initiatives already taken by City Council/Administration/ Private Developers/ Industry/General Public in promoting The activities relating to Solar City Programme may be energy conservation and renewable energy.carried out under the Ministry's scheme on 'Seminar and
Urban Local Bodies' previous experience in involving Symposia on New and Renewable Energy' by the Ministry public participation and working with all stakeholders.or any other organizations.
Willingness and commitment to provide resources, financial share and sustenance of activities initiated under the CFA for Model Solar Cities:program.
The CFA up to Rs. 9.50 crore for each Model Solar City Procedure for Submission of Proposals, Sanctions will be provided to four Model Solar Cities with the and Release of fundscondition that the similar matching fund upto Rs.9.50 crore
is provided by the Municipal Corporat ion/ Proposals as per the prescribed format given in Annexure-IV Municipality/State/District authority or arranged by them w i l l b e s u b m i t t e d b y t h e C i t y from there own or and other sources including public Counc i l /Admin i s t r a t ion /Munic ipa l Corpora t ion / private partnership for four Model Solar Cities. This Municipalities/Developers/Institutions etc. preferably through financial assistance will be available for setting up of State Nodal Agency. The proposals will be examined in the related project/systems/devices to those Model Solar Ministry based on which 50% of the CFA will be released onCities which have fulfilled or taken actions on the sanctioned projects/activities and rest on progressive minimum of three conditions as listed in Annexure-I.achievements and utilization of funds released for the activities 23
i.e., for preparation of Master Plan, setting up of Solar City Provision of Consultancy HelpCells, other awareness, training and publicity, over seeing the implementation other than cost of setting up of the One consultant will be engaged for providing technical help in projects. implementation of the programme. This will help in expanding
activities, rigorous monitoring and follow ups as well.For availing the provisions of funds for setting up of projects/systems/devices of Renewable Energy, the Annexure-Ispecific proposal for each project or group of projects will Conditions required for a Solar City for availing the funds of b e s u b m i t t e d b y t h e c o n c e r n e d C i t y MNRE i. The City has created a Solar City Cell and constituted C o u n c i l / A d m i n i s t r a t i o n / M u n i c i p a l the Stakeholders Committee. Corporation/Municipalities/Organization of the approved Solar City for consideration. . A copy of the notifications for creation of Solar City Cell and
Stakeholders Committee to be submitted.The proposal should be accompanied by the resolution of . Action initiated/taken to amend building bye-laws for Municipal Corporation/Municipality/Nominated Agency making the use of solar water heating systems mandatory in indicating the commitment for providing the matching certain category of buildings.fund upto Rs.2.50 crore for the Solar City. The benchmarks . Action initiated/taken to provide rebate in property tax for standards and costs and the guidelines as applicable in through Municipal Corporations/ Municipalities or in other programmes of MNRE will be followed. Similarly electricity tariff though Utilities/ Electricity Boards to the users the proposal for Model Solar Cities will also be prepared of solar water heaters especially in domestic sector.and submitted alongwith the commitment of the concerned . Action initiated/taken to promote National Rating System organization. for construction of energy efficient Green Buildings in
particular to commercial and institutional buildings. The city The CFA for setting up of projects will be released on two has issued G.O as regards to construction of Greeninstallments. The 1st installment of 50% will be released at buildings in compliance with approved National Rating the time of sanction of the project with the commitment Systems like GRIHA particularly in Government/PSUs that the matching fund will be provided by the proposing buildings.organization. . As per MSW Rules notified by the MoEF, the city has
initiated/taken actions for proper MSW management and for The 2nd installment of remaining 50% will be released on setting up set up projects of suitable capacity for generating completion of the project, receipt of Utilization Certificate energy from the waste collected from the city/town.of the 1st installment and a project completion report duly . The city has initiated actions in amending/has amended the submitted by the Competent Authority.For small byelaws or makes new byelaws for promoting the renewable townships/campuses the proposal should be prepared by energy options for avoiding use of diesel and petrol generator the respective developer/builder/institution given in sets in markets, public places, schools, offices etc.prescribed format at Annexure-V with the commitment in . Action initiated/taken for reduction of electricity the suitable bond paper indicating that the installations of consumption in street light/garden lights, traffic lights, the projects/systems/devices of Renewable Energy will be blinkers, hoardings etc. and in schools, commercial buildings, under taken after preparation of the Master Plan/DPR. offices, institutional buildings and other establishments by
using energy conservation & renewable energy devices.Institution of Awards . The Municipal Corporation/ Municipality/SNA have
established at least one Akshay Urja Shop alongwith the repair Annual awards to identified Solar Cities may be given and maintenance facilities either in their campus or at some away by the Ministry in the form of Shields/ Certificates prominent place in the City.based on the information provided by City . The Master Plan has been prepared and the installation of at Council/Administration in regard to initiatives taken on least 2 to 3 Major Projects of Renewable Energy have taken developing their city as Solar City. The awards to the best place/sanctioned/commenced.townships/campuses will also be given and with a certification of using the “Solar Township” or “Solar Annexure-IICampus”. R e n e w a b l e E n e r g y a n d E n e r g y c o n s e r v a t i o n
projects/system/devices for Solar Cities: Solar City will focus on the l imi ted and popular renewable energy Performance Evaluationprojects/systems/devices such as solar PV systems including and building integrated photovoltaic, kitchen waste based Sanctioned cities will be required to submit reports on half plants, solar water heating systems, solar cooking systems, yearly basis as per the details given in their Master Plan. solar steam generating/drying/air heating systems, solar Energy saved and energy generated through energy concentrators for process heat applications, solar air-conservation and renewable energy devices/systems will conditioning, power projects on methane recovery from STPs, be clearly indicated in the report along with the bio-mass gasification based systems, biogas, wind, etc.promotional and policy measures taken by them in
achieving the targets. An evaluation of the experience of Energy conservation/devices/systemsimplementation of the program would be undertaken at the
end of Eleventh Five Year Plan and further extension and ) LEDs/ CFLs instead of incandescent bulbsinclusion/calibration of program activities will be decided.
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) LED traffic lights architects, engineers, builders & developers, financial ) Electronics chokes and fan regulators i n s t i t u t i o n s , N G O s , t e c h n i c a l i n s t i t u t i o n s , ) Sensors for automatic on/off of street lights manufactures/suppliers, RWAs etc. so as to involve them
) Automatic speed regulating fans/motors actively in meeting the objective of solar city.) Plugging of leakages in the water supply system and use . To generate necessary funds from State Govt. and other
of efficient pumps and motors funding organizations for achieving the objective of making the ) Energy efficient electrical appliances such as fans, city as “Solar City”. Benefits of the schemes of Govt. of India
refrigerators, air conditioners, coolers, room heaters, water will also be taken in meeting the objectives.pumps, etc. . To achieve targets set by the City Council/Administration
) Use of insulating materials and low-energy/energy- for reducing consumption of electricity through renewable efficient building materials e.g. fly ash bricks, hollow energy and energy conservation devices during five years of bricks, stabilized mud blocks, etc. in building construction implementations for developing their city as Solar City.
) Any other Energy Efficient/ Energy Conservation device, project being promoted by BEE, Ministry of Power Annexure-IVor MNRE Format for submission of proposals for Solar City/Pilot Solar
City/Model Solar City:Solar passive architecture in buildings/housing complexes . City InformationMajor components of solar passive architecture are City Nameorientation of building, sun shades, double glazed City Population (2001 Census)windows, smart glazing window overhangs, thermal Present Population estimatedstorage wall/roof, roof painting, ventilation, evaporative Area (Sq Km)cooling, day lighting, wind towers, earth air tunneling, No of Wardsconstruction materials etc. Incorporation of specific Regional setting and connectivitycomponents will depend in which climatic zone the (Air, Rail and Road)building is being constructed. Economic Base of City
Any other informationGreen Buildings: The construction of the Green Buildings . Implementing agency/organizationas per GRIHA Rating/other rating System. Name of Local Body
Organization (Please mention)Annexure-III Municipal Corporation/ Municipal Council / /Municipality
Contact PersonI n d i c a t i v e m e a s u r e s t o b e t a k e n b y C i t y Complete Address with e-mailCouncil/Administration for developing their city/town as Telephone:'Solar City' Fax:
Email Address and Website:. To create a “Solar City Cell” with in the City . City Leadership and Commitment
Administration/ Council which will be fully responsible Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for detailsfor city planning and implementation of projects towards Detai ls of ini t ia t ives a l ready taken by Ci ty making it a “Solar City”? Council/Administration in promoting energy conservation and . To conduct energy auditing of Govt./Public sector renewable energy devices.
buildings, water pumping and street lightings in the city at Any regulatory measures taken on adoption of energy regular interval and take necessary steps towards conservation and renewable energy devices. Exemplary conservation of electricity. Other establishments also to be initiatives taken in energy conservation /renewable energy by encouraged for the same. the private sector. To reduce electricity consumption in street light/garden Local/State Institutions (academic/research institutions),
lights, traffic lights, blinkers hoardings etc. by using c o r p o r a t e o r g a n i z a t i o n s , a r c h i t e c t s , N G O s ,energy conservation & renewable energy devices. energy auditors, consultants etc. who can contribute in the . To amend building bye-laws for making the use of solar initiative Political commitment to the project
water heating systems mandatory in certain category of Can city establish and support a local expert group including buildings. administrators (state/local) relevant organizations/ institutions, . To provide rebate in property tax through Municipal politicians, consultants, utilities, information centres,
Corporations/ Municipalities & in electricity tariff though etc.(provide information in detail)Utilities/ Electricity Boards to the users of solar water Commitment about the funds to be provided by Municipal heaters especially in domestic sector. Corporation/SNA/state/local Govt.. To issue G.O as regards to construction of energy
efficient solar buildings at least in Govt. /Public sectors in Activity Plan and Budgetaccordance with ECBC :2006 and follow up its implementation rigorously. (Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for details). To comply to MSW Rules 2000 notified by the MoEF Amount sought from MNRE as per the provision of scheme.
and set up projects of suitable capacity for generating Amount to be contributed by proposing agencyenergy from the waste collected from the city/town. Action Plan for utilization of funds. To organize rigorous publicity, and also the training Time period for preparation and submission of Master Plan
programmes/ business meets for various stake holders e.g. to the Ministry after sanctioning of the proposal Any other
infomation energy auditors, consultants etc. who can contribute in the initiative
Expression of Interest P o l i t i c a l c o m m i t m e n t t o t h e p r o j e c t : C a n On behalf of Townships/Campus establish and support a local expert group ……………………………………………………… we including administrators (state/local) relevant organizations/ express our interest for joining the Solar Cities program of institutions, politicians, consultants, utilities, information Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Govt of India. centres, etc.: Yes/ No
Signature with Official Stamp Activity Plan and Budget(Head of City Council/ Administration)
(Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for details)Annexure-V(Format for submission of proposals for Small Amount sought from MNRE as per the provision of scheme.Townships/Campuses for preparation of a Master Action Plan for utilization of funds for Master Plan/DPR Plan/DPR including the action plan for renewable energy including Action Plan & PERT Chart, Awareness Generation installations, green campus development, awareness and Training Time period for preparation and submission of generation and training): Master Plan to the Ministry after sanctioning of the proposal
Financial Commitment of the Township/Campus for setting . Townships/Campus Information up of renewable energy projects/systems/devices
Townships/Campus Name Commitment for adopting National Rating System for Green Townships/Campus Population Buildings like GRIHAArea (Sq Km)No of Wards/Colonies/Sectors Expression of InterestRegional setting and connectivity On behalf of(Air, Rail and Road) ……………………………………………………… we Economic Base of express our interest forTownships/Campus joining the Solar Township/Campus program of Ministry of . Implementing agency/organization New and Renewable Energy,
Name of Local Body Govt. of India.Organization (Please mention)Municipal Corporation/ Municipal Signature with Official StampCouncil / /Municipality/Developer (Head of the Township/Campus)/Builder/InstitutionContact Person ConclusionComplete Address with e-mailTelephone: The Indian Solar Cities Programme has the potential to Fax: drastically reduce energy consumption in cities across India. Email Address and Website: Through partnerships with numerous stakeholders, cities are . Townships/Campus Leadership and Commitment identifying the most promising opportunities for EE and RE
technology installations. By acting on these findings and (Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for installing these measures, the cities can help the government details) reach its aggressive goals to install 14,000 MW of RE
D e t a i l s o f i n i t i a t i v e s a l r e a d y t a k e n b y technologies during the years 2007-2012 and to deploy 20,000 Townships/Campus/Council/Administration in promoting MW of grid-connected solar power by 2022 as well as 2,000 renewable energy and energy conservation. MW of off-grid solar applications through the National Solar
Any regulatory measures taken on adoption of Mission.renewable energy and energy conservation devices
Exemplary initiatives taken in renewable energy/ energy (Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Govt. of India, New conservation by the private sector Delhi)
Local/State Insti tutions (academic/research institutions), corporate organizations, architects, NGOs,
�1
�2
�3
� � �
Ramanathan Menon has more than three decades of experience as a journalist and a writer on Energy and Environment subjects, interacting with energy sectorsboth conventional as well as non-conventionalin India and abroad. In the Eighties, he was the Bahrain Correspondent for 'Middle East Electricity' magazine published by Reeds, U.K. He also worked as the Media Manager (India) for Washington, DC-based publication 'Business Times' which promotes India's commercial interests in North America. He was also the editor and publisher of 'Sun Power', a quarterly renewable energy magazine. He also worked as the Sub-Editor-Media Manager for a quarterly energy/environment magazine titled 'energyn manager' published by The Society of Energy Engineers and Managers from Kerala. Currently he is the editor and publisher of a bi-monthly energy and environment magazine 'Energy Blitz'. His contact email address: [email protected] / [email protected]
25
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) LED traffic lights architects, engineers, builders & developers, financial ) Electronics chokes and fan regulators i n s t i t u t i o n s , N G O s , t e c h n i c a l i n s t i t u t i o n s , ) Sensors for automatic on/off of street lights manufactures/suppliers, RWAs etc. so as to involve them
) Automatic speed regulating fans/motors actively in meeting the objective of solar city.) Plugging of leakages in the water supply system and use . To generate necessary funds from State Govt. and other
of efficient pumps and motors funding organizations for achieving the objective of making the ) Energy efficient electrical appliances such as fans, city as “Solar City”. Benefits of the schemes of Govt. of India
refrigerators, air conditioners, coolers, room heaters, water will also be taken in meeting the objectives.pumps, etc. . To achieve targets set by the City Council/Administration
) Use of insulating materials and low-energy/energy- for reducing consumption of electricity through renewable efficient building materials e.g. fly ash bricks, hollow energy and energy conservation devices during five years of bricks, stabilized mud blocks, etc. in building construction implementations for developing their city as Solar City.
) Any other Energy Efficient/ Energy Conservation device, project being promoted by BEE, Ministry of Power Annexure-IVor MNRE Format for submission of proposals for Solar City/Pilot Solar
City/Model Solar City:Solar passive architecture in buildings/housing complexes . City InformationMajor components of solar passive architecture are City Nameorientation of building, sun shades, double glazed City Population (2001 Census)windows, smart glazing window overhangs, thermal Present Population estimatedstorage wall/roof, roof painting, ventilation, evaporative Area (Sq Km)cooling, day lighting, wind towers, earth air tunneling, No of Wardsconstruction materials etc. Incorporation of specific Regional setting and connectivitycomponents will depend in which climatic zone the (Air, Rail and Road)building is being constructed. Economic Base of City
Any other informationGreen Buildings: The construction of the Green Buildings . Implementing agency/organizationas per GRIHA Rating/other rating System. Name of Local Body
Organization (Please mention)Annexure-III Municipal Corporation/ Municipal Council / /Municipality
Contact PersonI n d i c a t i v e m e a s u r e s t o b e t a k e n b y C i t y Complete Address with e-mailCouncil/Administration for developing their city/town as Telephone:'Solar City' Fax:
Email Address and Website:. To create a “Solar City Cell” with in the City . City Leadership and Commitment
Administration/ Council which will be fully responsible Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for detailsfor city planning and implementation of projects towards Detai ls of ini t ia t ives a l ready taken by Ci ty making it a “Solar City”? Council/Administration in promoting energy conservation and . To conduct energy auditing of Govt./Public sector renewable energy devices.
buildings, water pumping and street lightings in the city at Any regulatory measures taken on adoption of energy regular interval and take necessary steps towards conservation and renewable energy devices. Exemplary conservation of electricity. Other establishments also to be initiatives taken in energy conservation /renewable energy by encouraged for the same. the private sector. To reduce electricity consumption in street light/garden Local/State Institutions (academic/research institutions),
lights, traffic lights, blinkers hoardings etc. by using c o r p o r a t e o r g a n i z a t i o n s , a r c h i t e c t s , N G O s ,energy conservation & renewable energy devices. energy auditors, consultants etc. who can contribute in the . To amend building bye-laws for making the use of solar initiative Political commitment to the project
water heating systems mandatory in certain category of Can city establish and support a local expert group including buildings. administrators (state/local) relevant organizations/ institutions, . To provide rebate in property tax through Municipal politicians, consultants, utilities, information centres,
Corporations/ Municipalities & in electricity tariff though etc.(provide information in detail)Utilities/ Electricity Boards to the users of solar water Commitment about the funds to be provided by Municipal heaters especially in domestic sector. Corporation/SNA/state/local Govt.. To issue G.O as regards to construction of energy
efficient solar buildings at least in Govt. /Public sectors in Activity Plan and Budgetaccordance with ECBC :2006 and follow up its implementation rigorously. (Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for details). To comply to MSW Rules 2000 notified by the MoEF Amount sought from MNRE as per the provision of scheme.
and set up projects of suitable capacity for generating Amount to be contributed by proposing agencyenergy from the waste collected from the city/town. Action Plan for utilization of funds. To organize rigorous publicity, and also the training Time period for preparation and submission of Master Plan
programmes/ business meets for various stake holders e.g. to the Ministry after sanctioning of the proposal Any other
infomation energy auditors, consultants etc. who can contribute in the initiative
Expression of Interest P o l i t i c a l c o m m i t m e n t t o t h e p r o j e c t : C a n On behalf of Townships/Campus establish and support a local expert group ……………………………………………………… we including administrators (state/local) relevant organizations/ express our interest for joining the Solar Cities program of institutions, politicians, consultants, utilities, information Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Govt of India. centres, etc.: Yes/ No
Signature with Official Stamp Activity Plan and Budget(Head of City Council/ Administration)
(Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for details)Annexure-V(Format for submission of proposals for Small Amount sought from MNRE as per the provision of scheme.Townships/Campuses for preparation of a Master Action Plan for utilization of funds for Master Plan/DPR Plan/DPR including the action plan for renewable energy including Action Plan & PERT Chart, Awareness Generation installations, green campus development, awareness and Training Time period for preparation and submission of generation and training): Master Plan to the Ministry after sanctioning of the proposal
Financial Commitment of the Township/Campus for setting . Townships/Campus Information up of renewable energy projects/systems/devices
Townships/Campus Name Commitment for adopting National Rating System for Green Townships/Campus Population Buildings like GRIHAArea (Sq Km)No of Wards/Colonies/Sectors Expression of InterestRegional setting and connectivity On behalf of(Air, Rail and Road) ……………………………………………………… we Economic Base of express our interest forTownships/Campus joining the Solar Township/Campus program of Ministry of . Implementing agency/organization New and Renewable Energy,
Name of Local Body Govt. of India.Organization (Please mention)Municipal Corporation/ Municipal Signature with Official StampCouncil / /Municipality/Developer (Head of the Township/Campus)/Builder/InstitutionContact Person ConclusionComplete Address with e-mailTelephone: The Indian Solar Cities Programme has the potential to Fax: drastically reduce energy consumption in cities across India. Email Address and Website: Through partnerships with numerous stakeholders, cities are . Townships/Campus Leadership and Commitment identifying the most promising opportunities for EE and RE
technology installations. By acting on these findings and (Please describe briefly enclose separate sheet for installing these measures, the cities can help the government details) reach its aggressive goals to install 14,000 MW of RE
D e t a i l s o f i n i t i a t i v e s a l r e a d y t a k e n b y technologies during the years 2007-2012 and to deploy 20,000 Townships/Campus/Council/Administration in promoting MW of grid-connected solar power by 2022 as well as 2,000 renewable energy and energy conservation. MW of off-grid solar applications through the National Solar
Any regulatory measures taken on adoption of Mission.renewable energy and energy conservation devices
Exemplary initiatives taken in renewable energy/ energy (Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Govt. of India, New conservation by the private sector Delhi)
Local/State Insti tutions (academic/research institutions), corporate organizations, architects, NGOs,
�1
�2
�3
� � �
Ramanathan Menon has more than three decades of experience as a journalist and a writer on Energy and Environment subjects, interacting with energy sectorsboth conventional as well as non-conventionalin India and abroad. In the Eighties, he was the Bahrain Correspondent for 'Middle East Electricity' magazine published by Reeds, U.K. He also worked as the Media Manager (India) for Washington, DC-based publication 'Business Times' which promotes India's commercial interests in North America. He was also the editor and publisher of 'Sun Power', a quarterly renewable energy magazine. He also worked as the Sub-Editor-Media Manager for a quarterly energy/environment magazine titled 'energyn manager' published by The Society of Energy Engineers and Managers from Kerala. Currently he is the editor and publisher of a bi-monthly energy and environment magazine 'Energy Blitz'. His contact email address: [email protected] / [email protected]
26
wells.
Coimbatore Corporation has already made a beginning to tap wind power energy and solar energy at its Mettupalayam Road bus stand. Corporation has a 3 kw wind power generator and 0.5 kw solar PV panels. This initiative has helped the Corporation meet the energy needs of 36 of the 72 lights and 15 fans at the Mettupalayam Road bus stand.
The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission office in the Corporation main office building, a 45 KVA energy saver for reducing 15% of the consumption of power for air-
The Coimbatore Corporation is moving towards the status conditioners, computers and lights. Now Corporation has plans of a “Solar city”, which is aimed at reducing the to emulate the same example at Gandhipuram, Ukkadam and conventional energy consumption by a minimum of 10% at Singanallur bus stands to reduce demand on conventional the end of five years, through a combination of enhancing energy.supply from renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures. The initiative will get funding from the Centre.
The project planning and implementation is being closely monitored by Mayor S.M.Velusamy and Corporation
"Agartala city would be the first 'solar city' in northeast India Commissioner T.K. Ponnusamy. A total of 60 cities and
within the next few years," Tripura's Urban Development towns are selected for “Solar City” initiative and
Minister Manik Dey said after inaugurating a 50 kilowatt solar Coimbatore is the only city from Tamil Nadu. Cities with
power plant at the Agartala Municipal Council head office. He up to 50 lakh population are chosen for this project.
said: "Solar power is the sustainable and viable energy for both cities and remote areas. Electricity crisis would not be solved in
Relaxation on the population criterion has been done for the country unless we use non-conventional energy like solar
the thinly populated North Eastern and hill States.power in a big way."
A master plan for Solar City initiative is in the final stages. It has as the baseline the energy consumption during 2008
An official of the Agartala Municipal Council said a master plan and forecasts the energy demand in 2013 and 2018. The
of Rs.452.32 crore has been undertaken to make Agartala a plan will have sector-wise action plan for implementation
'solar city'. The union ministry of new and renewable energy of renewable energy projects so as to reduce fossil fuel
(MNRE) would bear 90% of the cost and the remaining would consumption.
be borne by the Tripura government. As part of the master plan, solar hot water systems would be installed in all hotels, nursing
Areas of energy consumption, avenues for efficiency, homes, school hostels, government circuit houses and
tapping renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, bungalows, hospitals and health centres, tourist lodges, temples
biomass, small hydro and power from waste will be the top and the governor's residence. According to the official, the
agenda of the solar city programme, says C. Sellakrishnan, Agartala solar city project is part of MNRE's plan to turn 60
Project coordinator for Solar City.Indian cities into solar cities.
With the Corporation area having been expanded, the civic "The Tripura Renewable Energy Development Authority
body has now taken up 26,520 street lights from the added (TREDA) and urban development department, in association
areas. It already has 37,753 street lights in the earlier city with MNRE, would implement the ambitious scheme," the
limits. Currently, the civic body's power bill is around Rs. official added. The city's street lights and other lights in public
4.2 crore and maintenance is Rs. 3 crore. With the places would also be operated on solar energy. "Theft of battery
expanded city area, the power charges are likely to cross a and solar panel is a major problem facing the authorities in
whopping Rs 10 crore mark. implementing the solar electrification programme," Tripura's Science, Technology and Environment Minister Joy Gobinda
The Corporation is now pushing the renewable energy Debroy said.
agenda after the contractor for street lights maintenance could not ensure the projected energy conservation. There
The minister said 700 hamlets and 50 villages in remote areas in are 827 borewells in the corporation area and the energy
the northeastern state have already been provided solar energy, audit on the 3 MW to 5 MW submersible pumps in two
benefiting more than 35,000 families, mostly tribals. "Solar wards carried out by International Council for Local
energy would also be provided to hundreds of more remote Environment Initiatives had indicated that 25 to 55%
villages in the state under the remote village electrification improvement was possible in these borewells and the
(RVE) scheme during the current financial year," the minister recommendations are under implementation in 18 bore
said. According to Debroy, through the TREDA, 80,000 solar
Agartala to be Northeast India's first solar city
The Coimbatore Corporation is moving towards the status of a “Solar-City”
27
lanterns have been distributed among poor people residing supply. This will also bring down the load on the grid," said an in urban as well as rural areas in Tripura. Over 66,000 small official.and medium hot water plants have been installed across Tripura. "To popularise 'solar energy', lakhs of specially- "We had a pre-bid discussion with some of the consultants who designed 'solar caps' and 'solar torches' would be have applied for the project on Tuesday. The consultants will distributed among students in the state," he stated. prepare a master plan proposal after studying the group
situation. In Delhi, we don't have much land, so we have to Of India's 60 proposed solar cities, eight cities have been make good use of the rooftops. The consultant will also work identified in the northeastern region by MNRE. The cities out a budget for the project," said an NDMC official. include Itanagar in Arunachal Pradesh, Agartala in Tripura, Guwahati and Jorhat in Assam, Aizawl in Mizoram, The civic agency has received Rs 50 lakh for the project from Imphal in Manipur and Kohima and Dimapur in Nagaland. the MNRE. Once the master plan for solar city is ready, the civic
agency will submit it to the ministry for final approval. Officials are hopeful that the work on the project will start by next year.
If everything goes as planned, Karnataka will soon be housing India's first solar city according to its Chief Minister Jagadish Shettar as the state is aiming to add
Solar panels jut out of streetlights in China's self-proclaimed 200MW of solar energy by 2016. "The state has a capacity
Clean Energy City. Tiny wind turbines twirl atop public ranging between 4.5 and 7 kWh per sqm . We are looking at
buildings. Schools are due to teach students about "green establishing the country's first solar city in Karnataka . We
living." In the scramble to profit from demand for clean energy, shall adopt the Gujarat model of using irrigation canals to
this city southwest of Beijing is promoting itself as a install solar panels ," Shettar said .
manufacturing center for solar, wind and other gear by transforming into a living showcase of environmental
The CM was speaking at the inaugural session of Solarcon technology.
2012, an exhibition-cum-conference , which showcased solar photovoltaic (PV) sector in the state . "At least $200
"Baoding is following a path of ecological civilization," a million of the total $500m that we have financed in the
deputy mayor, Zhou Xingshi, told a group of visiting reporters. solar PV sector is from India", said Anita M George,
Baoding illustrates the intensity of Chinese government efforts director for infrastructure in Asia, International.
to profit from rising global demand for clean energy. Communist leaders are promoting solar, wind and hydropower to curb surging demand for imported oil and gas and see technology exports as a route to cleaner growth and higher-paid jobs.
Delhi will soon join the list of solar cities. Recently, the Chinese utility companies are required to install wind turbines New Delhi Municipal Council floated tenders inviting and Beijing has promised to pay part of the cost of solar proposals from consultants for the solar city project. equipment a strategy that is driving the rapid growth of Officials say a consultant will be appointed soon. Baoding and other supply centers. China led the world in clean
energy investment last year at $54.4 billion, up 39% from 2009, "We are in the process of appointing a consultant for the according to a recent past report by the Pew Charitable Trust. solar city project. For this project we have got all the necessary approvals from the ministry of new and renewable energy (MNRE). The consultant will get six months to prepare the master plan for the solar city," said Amit Prasad, spokesperson, NDMC.The main aim of the solar city project is to bring down the total non-renewable energy consumption by 5%. "While preparing the master plan, the consultant will take into account the expected increase in power consumption over the next 10 years. We plan to put up solar panels for water heating and generation of electricity," said an official.Once the master plan is ready, it will become mandatory for all buildings in the NDMC area to install solar panels. The civic agency is mulling of directly using the electricity generated from the solar panels in all its buildings. "Instead of storing it in batteries, we will connect the electricity generated from solar panels to the main electricity
Karnataka may get first solar city
China's 'Solar City,' Baoding, rushes to catch clean energy boom
Delhi soon to join solar city club, calls for proposals
26
wells.
Coimbatore Corporation has already made a beginning to tap wind power energy and solar energy at its Mettupalayam Road bus stand. Corporation has a 3 kw wind power generator and 0.5 kw solar PV panels. This initiative has helped the Corporation meet the energy needs of 36 of the 72 lights and 15 fans at the Mettupalayam Road bus stand.
The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission office in the Corporation main office building, a 45 KVA energy saver for reducing 15% of the consumption of power for air-
The Coimbatore Corporation is moving towards the status conditioners, computers and lights. Now Corporation has plans of a “Solar city”, which is aimed at reducing the to emulate the same example at Gandhipuram, Ukkadam and conventional energy consumption by a minimum of 10% at Singanallur bus stands to reduce demand on conventional the end of five years, through a combination of enhancing energy.supply from renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures. The initiative will get funding from the Centre.
The project planning and implementation is being closely monitored by Mayor S.M.Velusamy and Corporation
"Agartala city would be the first 'solar city' in northeast India Commissioner T.K. Ponnusamy. A total of 60 cities and
within the next few years," Tripura's Urban Development towns are selected for “Solar City” initiative and
Minister Manik Dey said after inaugurating a 50 kilowatt solar Coimbatore is the only city from Tamil Nadu. Cities with
power plant at the Agartala Municipal Council head office. He up to 50 lakh population are chosen for this project.
said: "Solar power is the sustainable and viable energy for both cities and remote areas. Electricity crisis would not be solved in
Relaxation on the population criterion has been done for the country unless we use non-conventional energy like solar
the thinly populated North Eastern and hill States.power in a big way."
A master plan for Solar City initiative is in the final stages. It has as the baseline the energy consumption during 2008
An official of the Agartala Municipal Council said a master plan and forecasts the energy demand in 2013 and 2018. The
of Rs.452.32 crore has been undertaken to make Agartala a plan will have sector-wise action plan for implementation
'solar city'. The union ministry of new and renewable energy of renewable energy projects so as to reduce fossil fuel
(MNRE) would bear 90% of the cost and the remaining would consumption.
be borne by the Tripura government. As part of the master plan, solar hot water systems would be installed in all hotels, nursing
Areas of energy consumption, avenues for efficiency, homes, school hostels, government circuit houses and
tapping renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, bungalows, hospitals and health centres, tourist lodges, temples
biomass, small hydro and power from waste will be the top and the governor's residence. According to the official, the
agenda of the solar city programme, says C. Sellakrishnan, Agartala solar city project is part of MNRE's plan to turn 60
Project coordinator for Solar City.Indian cities into solar cities.
With the Corporation area having been expanded, the civic "The Tripura Renewable Energy Development Authority
body has now taken up 26,520 street lights from the added (TREDA) and urban development department, in association
areas. It already has 37,753 street lights in the earlier city with MNRE, would implement the ambitious scheme," the
limits. Currently, the civic body's power bill is around Rs. official added. The city's street lights and other lights in public
4.2 crore and maintenance is Rs. 3 crore. With the places would also be operated on solar energy. "Theft of battery
expanded city area, the power charges are likely to cross a and solar panel is a major problem facing the authorities in
whopping Rs 10 crore mark. implementing the solar electrification programme," Tripura's Science, Technology and Environment Minister Joy Gobinda
The Corporation is now pushing the renewable energy Debroy said.
agenda after the contractor for street lights maintenance could not ensure the projected energy conservation. There
The minister said 700 hamlets and 50 villages in remote areas in are 827 borewells in the corporation area and the energy
the northeastern state have already been provided solar energy, audit on the 3 MW to 5 MW submersible pumps in two
benefiting more than 35,000 families, mostly tribals. "Solar wards carried out by International Council for Local
energy would also be provided to hundreds of more remote Environment Initiatives had indicated that 25 to 55%
villages in the state under the remote village electrification improvement was possible in these borewells and the
(RVE) scheme during the current financial year," the minister recommendations are under implementation in 18 bore
said. According to Debroy, through the TREDA, 80,000 solar
Agartala to be Northeast India's first solar city
The Coimbatore Corporation is moving towards the status of a “Solar-City”
27
lanterns have been distributed among poor people residing supply. This will also bring down the load on the grid," said an in urban as well as rural areas in Tripura. Over 66,000 small official.and medium hot water plants have been installed across Tripura. "To popularise 'solar energy', lakhs of specially- "We had a pre-bid discussion with some of the consultants who designed 'solar caps' and 'solar torches' would be have applied for the project on Tuesday. The consultants will distributed among students in the state," he stated. prepare a master plan proposal after studying the group
situation. In Delhi, we don't have much land, so we have to Of India's 60 proposed solar cities, eight cities have been make good use of the rooftops. The consultant will also work identified in the northeastern region by MNRE. The cities out a budget for the project," said an NDMC official. include Itanagar in Arunachal Pradesh, Agartala in Tripura, Guwahati and Jorhat in Assam, Aizawl in Mizoram, The civic agency has received Rs 50 lakh for the project from Imphal in Manipur and Kohima and Dimapur in Nagaland. the MNRE. Once the master plan for solar city is ready, the civic
agency will submit it to the ministry for final approval. Officials are hopeful that the work on the project will start by next year.
If everything goes as planned, Karnataka will soon be housing India's first solar city according to its Chief Minister Jagadish Shettar as the state is aiming to add
Solar panels jut out of streetlights in China's self-proclaimed 200MW of solar energy by 2016. "The state has a capacity
Clean Energy City. Tiny wind turbines twirl atop public ranging between 4.5 and 7 kWh per sqm . We are looking at
buildings. Schools are due to teach students about "green establishing the country's first solar city in Karnataka . We
living." In the scramble to profit from demand for clean energy, shall adopt the Gujarat model of using irrigation canals to
this city southwest of Beijing is promoting itself as a install solar panels ," Shettar said .
manufacturing center for solar, wind and other gear by transforming into a living showcase of environmental
The CM was speaking at the inaugural session of Solarcon technology.
2012, an exhibition-cum-conference , which showcased solar photovoltaic (PV) sector in the state . "At least $200
"Baoding is following a path of ecological civilization," a million of the total $500m that we have financed in the
deputy mayor, Zhou Xingshi, told a group of visiting reporters. solar PV sector is from India", said Anita M George,
Baoding illustrates the intensity of Chinese government efforts director for infrastructure in Asia, International.
to profit from rising global demand for clean energy. Communist leaders are promoting solar, wind and hydropower to curb surging demand for imported oil and gas and see technology exports as a route to cleaner growth and higher-paid jobs.
Delhi will soon join the list of solar cities. Recently, the Chinese utility companies are required to install wind turbines New Delhi Municipal Council floated tenders inviting and Beijing has promised to pay part of the cost of solar proposals from consultants for the solar city project. equipment a strategy that is driving the rapid growth of Officials say a consultant will be appointed soon. Baoding and other supply centers. China led the world in clean
energy investment last year at $54.4 billion, up 39% from 2009, "We are in the process of appointing a consultant for the according to a recent past report by the Pew Charitable Trust. solar city project. For this project we have got all the necessary approvals from the ministry of new and renewable energy (MNRE). The consultant will get six months to prepare the master plan for the solar city," said Amit Prasad, spokesperson, NDMC.The main aim of the solar city project is to bring down the total non-renewable energy consumption by 5%. "While preparing the master plan, the consultant will take into account the expected increase in power consumption over the next 10 years. We plan to put up solar panels for water heating and generation of electricity," said an official.Once the master plan is ready, it will become mandatory for all buildings in the NDMC area to install solar panels. The civic agency is mulling of directly using the electricity generated from the solar panels in all its buildings. "Instead of storing it in batteries, we will connect the electricity generated from solar panels to the main electricity
Karnataka may get first solar city
China's 'Solar City,' Baoding, rushes to catch clean energy boom
Delhi soon to join solar city club, calls for proposals
28
wind equipment. Yingli and o t h e r C h i n e s e s o l a r s u p p l i e r s h a v e l o n g competed in global markets because their equipment was too expensive for domestic use. Chinese makers of wind gear are only starting to expand abroad but some domestic producers already are among the world's biggest due to their vast home market.
The Chinese government says it wants at least 15% of the country's power to come from renewable sources by 2020. It is spending heavily on grants and other aid to p r o p e l t e c h n o l o g y development. "The Chinese g o v e r n m e n t i s v e r y supportive of the green market," said Liansheng
Worldwide, investment rose 30% to $243 billion.Miao, Yingli's founder and chairman. In a sign of high-level endorsement, Yingli received a 36 billion yuan ($5.5 billion)
Baoding, 90 miles (150 kilometers) from the Chinese line of credit last year from state-owned China Development
capital in the table-flat farmland of Hebei province, started Bank. Miao rejected what he said was the notion that Yingli, a
billing itself as a renewable energy center in 2002 after the private company with shares traded on the New York Stock
success of Yingli Green Energy Co., a local startup Exchange, succeeds due to government support. "I am an
founded in 1987 that grew into a major supplier of solar entrepreneur, not a state-owned entity, so the government
panels. City leaders officially declared Baoding a "Clean would not help me," he said at a news conference. "What we
Energy City" in 2006.compete on is our innovation and cost structure."
Today, Baoding has two government research labs and 170 Yingli's CFO, Li Zongwei, said it has yet to receive any money
companies that produce clean power equipment. They from the China Development Bank and will have to submit
include Zhonghang Huiteng Windpower Equipment Co., individual projects to obtain loans. Li said such projects are
one of the biggest makers of wind turbine blades. Other conducted on "commercial terms." Other companies in
fields targeted by Baoding for development include Baoding say business is booming.
batteries and power transmission.
A wind turbine factory owned by China Guodian Corp., one of Baoding's clean energy companies had 45 billion yuan ($7
China's biggest power generators, expects to sell 1,100 units billion) in revenue last year, according to the city
this year, nearly double 2009's level of 600, said the factory's government. It says the local industry should grow by 30%
deputy general manager, Wang Hongbin.Wang said all of his a year through 2016. Local authorities work closely with
factory's output of 1.5-megawatt turbines was sold in China, but companies, organizing job fairs, providing training and
Guodian also has announced plans to expand to the United helping to recruit employees through local schools.
States by supplying units for a power project in Corpus Christi, Companies also are attracted by Baoding's "funding
Texas. “Production definitely will increase," Wang said, resources," said Lian Shujun, deputy director of the
standing beside rows of 130-foot-long (40-meter-long) turbine Baoding National New and High-Tech Industrial
blades in wooden cradles outside the factory, awaiting delivery Development Zone.
to power companies.
Lian gave no details but Chinese companies in favored Other city government efforts to promote clean energy include
industries can receive government support ranging from installing 110 solar-powered traffic lights, according to Lian,
tax breaks and low-interest loans to free rent in business the industrial zone official. New buildings are required to use
parks. Such support has prompted complaints by Beijing's solar-powered water heaters. Baoding's city government
trading partners that the government is improperly launched a joint effort with the environmental group WWF in
subsidizing Chinese companies and hampering market 2008 to share information on city planning and technology and
access. The U.S. government said this month Beijing to develop environmental education programs. "All citizens in
agreed to rescind some policies that American officials Baoding will be taught about `green living'," he said, "starting
said amounted to subsidies to makers of wind turbines.with elementary school students."
China already is the world's biggest producer of solar and 29
The World's First Solar City
An enviro-utopia may be on its way. The city of Abu Dhabi, website. Water will be provided through a solar-powered the World Wildlife Federation, and English architects Foster desalination plant. Landscaping within the city and crops + Partners have recently revealed plans for a 3.5-mile car-free grown outside the city will be irrigated with grey water and walled city near Abu Dhabi. The planned Masdar City, which treated waste water produced by the city's water treatment means "the source" in Arabic, will be the home to some plant.47,500 residents.
Buildings are not to be taller than five stories and streets no The WWF and the city of Abu Dhabi released ten wider than ten feet. Rooftops will be covered with solar sustainability concepts including sustainable transport, local generators and the walls around the city will diminish the food, culture and heritage, and fair trade. The WWF will desert heat and noise from airplanes at nearby Abu Dhabi monitor Masdar City's eco-performance. According to International airport.Treehugger, Masdar City is to be multi-level, with a light rail on one level moving people in and out of the city with All this comes with a hefty price tag: $15 billion in funding pedestrians at ground level. In addition to solar power, wind from Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates.turbines and waste-to-energy plants will be employed to generate power.
Masdar City's electricity will be generated by photovoltaic panels, while cooling will be provided via concentrated solar
The managing director and CEO of Dubai Electricity & power, according to a press release on The Masdar Initiative
Dubai seeks more PV in energy mix with confirmation of 1GW solar park
28
wind equipment. Yingli and o t h e r C h i n e s e s o l a r s u p p l i e r s h a v e l o n g competed in global markets because their equipment was too expensive for domestic use. Chinese makers of wind gear are only starting to expand abroad but some domestic producers already are among the world's biggest due to their vast home market.
The Chinese government says it wants at least 15% of the country's power to come from renewable sources by 2020. It is spending heavily on grants and other aid to p r o p e l t e c h n o l o g y development. "The Chinese g o v e r n m e n t i s v e r y supportive of the green market," said Liansheng
Worldwide, investment rose 30% to $243 billion.Miao, Yingli's founder and chairman. In a sign of high-level endorsement, Yingli received a 36 billion yuan ($5.5 billion)
Baoding, 90 miles (150 kilometers) from the Chinese line of credit last year from state-owned China Development
capital in the table-flat farmland of Hebei province, started Bank. Miao rejected what he said was the notion that Yingli, a
billing itself as a renewable energy center in 2002 after the private company with shares traded on the New York Stock
success of Yingli Green Energy Co., a local startup Exchange, succeeds due to government support. "I am an
founded in 1987 that grew into a major supplier of solar entrepreneur, not a state-owned entity, so the government
panels. City leaders officially declared Baoding a "Clean would not help me," he said at a news conference. "What we
Energy City" in 2006.compete on is our innovation and cost structure."
Today, Baoding has two government research labs and 170 Yingli's CFO, Li Zongwei, said it has yet to receive any money
companies that produce clean power equipment. They from the China Development Bank and will have to submit
include Zhonghang Huiteng Windpower Equipment Co., individual projects to obtain loans. Li said such projects are
one of the biggest makers of wind turbine blades. Other conducted on "commercial terms." Other companies in
fields targeted by Baoding for development include Baoding say business is booming.
batteries and power transmission.
A wind turbine factory owned by China Guodian Corp., one of Baoding's clean energy companies had 45 billion yuan ($7
China's biggest power generators, expects to sell 1,100 units billion) in revenue last year, according to the city
this year, nearly double 2009's level of 600, said the factory's government. It says the local industry should grow by 30%
deputy general manager, Wang Hongbin.Wang said all of his a year through 2016. Local authorities work closely with
factory's output of 1.5-megawatt turbines was sold in China, but companies, organizing job fairs, providing training and
Guodian also has announced plans to expand to the United helping to recruit employees through local schools.
States by supplying units for a power project in Corpus Christi, Companies also are attracted by Baoding's "funding
Texas. “Production definitely will increase," Wang said, resources," said Lian Shujun, deputy director of the
standing beside rows of 130-foot-long (40-meter-long) turbine Baoding National New and High-Tech Industrial
blades in wooden cradles outside the factory, awaiting delivery Development Zone.
to power companies.
Lian gave no details but Chinese companies in favored Other city government efforts to promote clean energy include
industries can receive government support ranging from installing 110 solar-powered traffic lights, according to Lian,
tax breaks and low-interest loans to free rent in business the industrial zone official. New buildings are required to use
parks. Such support has prompted complaints by Beijing's solar-powered water heaters. Baoding's city government
trading partners that the government is improperly launched a joint effort with the environmental group WWF in
subsidizing Chinese companies and hampering market 2008 to share information on city planning and technology and
access. The U.S. government said this month Beijing to develop environmental education programs. "All citizens in
agreed to rescind some policies that American officials Baoding will be taught about `green living'," he said, "starting
said amounted to subsidies to makers of wind turbines.with elementary school students."
China already is the world's biggest producer of solar and 29
The World's First Solar City
An enviro-utopia may be on its way. The city of Abu Dhabi, website. Water will be provided through a solar-powered the World Wildlife Federation, and English architects Foster desalination plant. Landscaping within the city and crops + Partners have recently revealed plans for a 3.5-mile car-free grown outside the city will be irrigated with grey water and walled city near Abu Dhabi. The planned Masdar City, which treated waste water produced by the city's water treatment means "the source" in Arabic, will be the home to some plant.47,500 residents.
Buildings are not to be taller than five stories and streets no The WWF and the city of Abu Dhabi released ten wider than ten feet. Rooftops will be covered with solar sustainability concepts including sustainable transport, local generators and the walls around the city will diminish the food, culture and heritage, and fair trade. The WWF will desert heat and noise from airplanes at nearby Abu Dhabi monitor Masdar City's eco-performance. According to International airport.Treehugger, Masdar City is to be multi-level, with a light rail on one level moving people in and out of the city with All this comes with a hefty price tag: $15 billion in funding pedestrians at ground level. In addition to solar power, wind from Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates.turbines and waste-to-energy plants will be employed to generate power.
Masdar City's electricity will be generated by photovoltaic panels, while cooling will be provided via concentrated solar
The managing director and CEO of Dubai Electricity & power, according to a press release on The Masdar Initiative
Dubai seeks more PV in energy mix with confirmation of 1GW solar park
30
Water Authority (DEWA), Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, has renewable energy including solar power.confirmed plans to build a 1GW solar park in Dubai while
Shirdi awarded 'Solar City' status speaking at MENA Renewable Energy Forum. He confirmed plans to invest US$3.27 billion in building one of the largest
Appreciating and encouraging the efforts of using solar parks in the region a 1GW PV facility. A specific alternative energy in Shirdi City in Maharashtra, the Union location has not been disclosed.Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE)`in last March, awarded Shirdi the status of 'Solar City.' The The facility, known as Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Ministry also gave away the first prize to Shri Sai Baba Maktoum Solar Park, is expected to be completed by 2030. Sansthan Trust`Shirdi, for the new and renewable energy The first phase involves the construction of a 13MW PV plant projects undertaken on the State level.which is scheduled to become operational by the end of 2013.
Al Tayer also highlighted at the forum that distributed The MNRE would also be giving Rs.50 crore to Shirdi City rooftop solar power sources may account for 20% of Dubai's in the next 5 years, to be utilised jointly by the Shri Sai Baba electricity needs by 2030. Sansthan Trust and the Shirdi Nagar Panchayat, for further
developing Shirdi City into a Solar City.Dubai is currently looking to reduce its energy consumption Alternative Energy Projects undertaken by the Shri Sai Baba from non-renewable sources and has turned its eye to Sansthan Trust:renewable energy sources including solar power. As cited by
1) In 2009, it installed the world's biggest Solar Cooking gulfnes.com, Al Tayer explained, “By 2030, Dubai's average system at the Shri Sai Prasadalaya`Shirdi, thus, saving huge energy growth is projected to be in the range of four to five amount of funds used for cooking.per cent per annum and our target, under the Dubai Integrated 2) It installed on its own, a 1.25 MW (megawatt) windmill Energy Strategy 2030, is to reduce energy consumption by power project in Bhorepathar village of the district.30% through the implementation of enhanced energy-3) Under-construction: Installing the world's largest solar efficient initiatives and, by the same token, to significantly water heating system whichreduce the emissions of carbon dioxide,”would provide 5 lakh litres of hot water per day to the pilgrims visiting Shirdi.As part of the Dubai Integrated Energy Strategy, which was
implemented in January 2011, the country is hoping to diversify its energy mix with around 5% coming from 31
“There's a lot more that goes into solar architecture than just strapping solar panels to the outside of a building. Green architects with an eye for solar also need to think of things like how to maximize exposure to the sun, how best to design a structure that comfortably distributes heat, and how to do it all without sacrificing any of the aesthetics that are so important to design”
The rooftops of the settlement's buildings consist of large photovoltaic panels all pointed in the perfect direction, but they also act as sun shades. So while the sun beats down on their roofs, residents underneath alternatively enjoy cool temperatures.
The solar community is anchored to Sonnenschiff, or the Sun Ship, a commercial building which is another marvel of solar architecture. In fact, Sonnenschiff was the first positive energy commercial building ever built.
More and more, architects are stretching the limits of solar technology, and it's becoming increasingly important for the homes, buildings, stadiums, skyscrapers and cities of the future to be energy-independent and sustainable. In fact, you might say that solar architecture is on the verge of a golden age; Many of the world's most spectacular
The Olympic Games continue to move on towards energy structures in development today utilize solar energy in eOlympics Games. Moving under this influence, we could talk some way. Here's just a small sampling: 8 shining wonders about 2016 Rio de Janeiro, Olympic Games, and their Solar of modern solar architecture.City Tower. The 2016 Olympics organizers are now developing what could be one of the most iconic buildings of any Olympic It's one thing to build an energy independent home or Games, a tower capable of generating energy by using a hybrid building, it's another thing to build an entire settlement that solar-water system, that will offer power to the Olympic Village produces more energy than it consumes. That's exactly and part of city.what the designers at Rolf Disch have done with the Solar
City in Freiburg, Germany.
Solar City Tower - Brazil 2016 Olympic Games
Eight stunning examples of Solar ArchitectureBy Bryan Nelson, Clean Tech, Galleries, Solar
30
Water Authority (DEWA), Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, has renewable energy including solar power.confirmed plans to build a 1GW solar park in Dubai while
Shirdi awarded 'Solar City' status speaking at MENA Renewable Energy Forum. He confirmed plans to invest US$3.27 billion in building one of the largest
Appreciating and encouraging the efforts of using solar parks in the region a 1GW PV facility. A specific alternative energy in Shirdi City in Maharashtra, the Union location has not been disclosed.Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE)`in last March, awarded Shirdi the status of 'Solar City.' The The facility, known as Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Ministry also gave away the first prize to Shri Sai Baba Maktoum Solar Park, is expected to be completed by 2030. Sansthan Trust`Shirdi, for the new and renewable energy The first phase involves the construction of a 13MW PV plant projects undertaken on the State level.which is scheduled to become operational by the end of 2013.
Al Tayer also highlighted at the forum that distributed The MNRE would also be giving Rs.50 crore to Shirdi City rooftop solar power sources may account for 20% of Dubai's in the next 5 years, to be utilised jointly by the Shri Sai Baba electricity needs by 2030. Sansthan Trust and the Shirdi Nagar Panchayat, for further
developing Shirdi City into a Solar City.Dubai is currently looking to reduce its energy consumption Alternative Energy Projects undertaken by the Shri Sai Baba from non-renewable sources and has turned its eye to Sansthan Trust:renewable energy sources including solar power. As cited by
1) In 2009, it installed the world's biggest Solar Cooking gulfnes.com, Al Tayer explained, “By 2030, Dubai's average system at the Shri Sai Prasadalaya`Shirdi, thus, saving huge energy growth is projected to be in the range of four to five amount of funds used for cooking.per cent per annum and our target, under the Dubai Integrated 2) It installed on its own, a 1.25 MW (megawatt) windmill Energy Strategy 2030, is to reduce energy consumption by power project in Bhorepathar village of the district.30% through the implementation of enhanced energy-3) Under-construction: Installing the world's largest solar efficient initiatives and, by the same token, to significantly water heating system whichreduce the emissions of carbon dioxide,”would provide 5 lakh litres of hot water per day to the pilgrims visiting Shirdi.As part of the Dubai Integrated Energy Strategy, which was
implemented in January 2011, the country is hoping to diversify its energy mix with around 5% coming from 31
“There's a lot more that goes into solar architecture than just strapping solar panels to the outside of a building. Green architects with an eye for solar also need to think of things like how to maximize exposure to the sun, how best to design a structure that comfortably distributes heat, and how to do it all without sacrificing any of the aesthetics that are so important to design”
The rooftops of the settlement's buildings consist of large photovoltaic panels all pointed in the perfect direction, but they also act as sun shades. So while the sun beats down on their roofs, residents underneath alternatively enjoy cool temperatures.
The solar community is anchored to Sonnenschiff, or the Sun Ship, a commercial building which is another marvel of solar architecture. In fact, Sonnenschiff was the first positive energy commercial building ever built.
More and more, architects are stretching the limits of solar technology, and it's becoming increasingly important for the homes, buildings, stadiums, skyscrapers and cities of the future to be energy-independent and sustainable. In fact, you might say that solar architecture is on the verge of a golden age; Many of the world's most spectacular
The Olympic Games continue to move on towards energy structures in development today utilize solar energy in eOlympics Games. Moving under this influence, we could talk some way. Here's just a small sampling: 8 shining wonders about 2016 Rio de Janeiro, Olympic Games, and their Solar of modern solar architecture.City Tower. The 2016 Olympics organizers are now developing what could be one of the most iconic buildings of any Olympic It's one thing to build an energy independent home or Games, a tower capable of generating energy by using a hybrid building, it's another thing to build an entire settlement that solar-water system, that will offer power to the Olympic Village produces more energy than it consumes. That's exactly and part of city.what the designers at Rolf Disch have done with the Solar
City in Freiburg, Germany.
Solar City Tower - Brazil 2016 Olympic Games
Eight stunning examples of Solar ArchitectureBy Bryan Nelson, Clean Tech, Galleries, Solar
32
Solar City Tower: 2016 Olympics could represent the nation's role as a green leader in the 21st century--all while contributing to it with its sustainable features. The Solar Tower has conceptualized after an The Solar City Tower, an extraordinary structure that will architectural completion held by the 2016 Olympic Games rise hundreds of feet into the air, was designed by world Organizers. The structure will be located near the obligatory famous RAFAA Architectural firm. The Zurich-based approach for aircraft landing and will comprise a vertical design firm has designed a 105 meters tall structure that structure which will seek to become a symbol for those will function as a solar power generator during the day, and arriving in Rio de Janeiro.will run as a hydropower generator and power storage unit
at night.Solar City Tower: RAFAA Architectural Firm
RAFAA design studio, is located in Switzerland, is dedicated to deal with new techniques, inventions and designs by research. The studio was founded by Rafael Schmidt in 2008, having an architectural master's degree from ETH Zurich, and he has been working since 2001 for important firms such as Zaha Hadid and Foster & Partners. The collaboration with different artists such as photographers, composers or curators is a further key element. Some of the prestigious projects of RAFAA are Danish Dermatological Development, Frankfurt, Solar City Tower, Rio de Janeiro, Residence, Langstrasse, Zurich, New Bike Share System, Copenhagen, Memorial, Atlantic City, etc.
Commissioned for Mumbai, India, the Cybertecture Egg is an impressive feat of sustainable architecture. The concept for the structure was originally inspired “by considering the world as an ecosystem allowing life to evolve,” according to its designers at James Law Cybertecture International. The Solar City Tower will provide a spectacular show when ocean eggy shape of the office building isn't just for show; the water will be pumped through the turbines, generating power design also utilizes passive solar design, which serves to and bringing an impressive water fall effect, as amazing as regulate temperatures within the building by decreasing heat any Vegas Show. Furthermore, it this amazing structure has gain and lowering energy loads. Gardens are also not impressed you, then you must look it closer: by bungee incorporated throughout the building to provide both shade jumping from the tower's 90th floor, where a platform will be and a natural aesthetic. This includes an elevated garden at built to challenge all of those daredevils' fans.the egg's upper 'tip,' which also assists in cooling the building.
The 2016 Olympic Games Iconic Tower will also have solar panels covering the outside of the tower, used to provide additional power to some of the Olympic Venues and the Olympic Village. Part of the energy produce by the solar panels will also be used to pump the seawater to the tower top.
Solar City Tower Additional Features
The solar city tower main attraction should be the waterfall, called by RAFAA a 'symbol for the forces of nature', however, the structure will have an amphitheater, auditorium, shops and other attractive retailers. The 2016 Olympic Tower will provide additional observation decks, on different floors, offering stunning breathtaking Rio de Janeiro's view. Long distance observation can be done from the observation deck on level +98.0. The urban balcony is situated at the top of the The building is powered using solar panels and rooftop wind tower 105 meters above sea level. The designer thinks that by turbines, and it can even harvest its own water for garden developing this towering structure, should serve as a game irrigation.changing strategy to redefine sustainable urban design.
Dubai is known for its outlandish, futuristic architecture, but Solar City Tower Location the emirate's latest architectural trend is sustainable design.
Few structures exemplify this more than the Vertical Village, The Solar City Tower will be located in one of the islands in designed by the architects at Graft Lab. The structure's solar Guanabara Bay, able to offer the most dramatic Brazilian panel arrays sparkle in the scorching Dubai sun, but the real skyline views. This structure will be at a par as the city's genius of the Vertical Village's design lies in how everything iconic Christ the Redeemer, a statue that resembles the is positioned to keep the building cool while maximizing Brazilian community around the world. The Solar City Tower solar capture at the same time. Each of the jettisoning 'walls'
Solar power station in Spain that works at night too!!
33
Designed by Toyo Ito, the energy production of Kaohsiung National Stadium is enough to power 3,300 lights and two jumbo vision screens. Perhaps most impressive, the stadium takes just 6 minutes to power up completely.Since games aren't played inside the stadium everyday, the building is transformed into a power plant during its 'off' days, capable of meeting almost 80 percent of the neighboring area's energy requirements.
Christened as the largest solar-powered building in the world, this building erected in Dezhou, China was designed to look
that hang over the structure's base point their panels at the sun while also being perfectly placed to provide shade.
Solar architecture doesn't just have to fill the skylines of foreign cities; it could also soon be coming to North America. Check out this design for a Solar Tower in Chicago by Zoka Zola Architects. This skyscraper is almost completely shielded by sun-tracking solar panels which rotate like sunflowers to follow the sun throughout the day.
like a sun dial. The structure also served as the apropos venue for the 4th World Solar City Congress.
The building is also designed to provide 30 percent more energy savings than the national standard by utilizing advanced roof and wall insulation.
The panels are carefully positioned to provide shade for the building's floors but not to obstruct the view. According to its designers, this tower's “cosmo-bio-logical skin” could have the power to produce “new and intensified experiences and a w a r e n e s s ” f o r t h e c i t i z e n s o f C h i c a g o .
Stadiums are almost always massive energy hogs, and usually make for poor examples of sustainable architecture.
Created for Za'abeel Park in Dubai, this stunning tower One exception to the rule, however, is this spectacular, designed by architect Robert Ferry would not only provide its dragon-shaped arena in Taiwan, which generates 100 percent own energy, but more than enough energy to run the rest of of its electricity from the solar panels lining its exterior.Za'abeel Park too. The design includes 224 large heliostatic polished mirrors, positioned on the tower's top platform, that rotate to track the sun. The mirrors then reflect brilliant beams of light into a central collector at the tower's tip. This magnified sunlight would then be used to generate steam to power a turbine. The tower would also provide the venue for a cultural center. An observation platform near the top would offer fantastic views. 'Almesian' is actually the Arabic name for one of the brightest stars in the sky from the Gemini constellation. It's a fitting name for a tower that would surely be recognizable from great distances thanks to the sunlight beaming at its tip.
32
Solar City Tower: 2016 Olympics could represent the nation's role as a green leader in the 21st century--all while contributing to it with its sustainable features. The Solar Tower has conceptualized after an The Solar City Tower, an extraordinary structure that will architectural completion held by the 2016 Olympic Games rise hundreds of feet into the air, was designed by world Organizers. The structure will be located near the obligatory famous RAFAA Architectural firm. The Zurich-based approach for aircraft landing and will comprise a vertical design firm has designed a 105 meters tall structure that structure which will seek to become a symbol for those will function as a solar power generator during the day, and arriving in Rio de Janeiro.will run as a hydropower generator and power storage unit
at night.Solar City Tower: RAFAA Architectural Firm
RAFAA design studio, is located in Switzerland, is dedicated to deal with new techniques, inventions and designs by research. The studio was founded by Rafael Schmidt in 2008, having an architectural master's degree from ETH Zurich, and he has been working since 2001 for important firms such as Zaha Hadid and Foster & Partners. The collaboration with different artists such as photographers, composers or curators is a further key element. Some of the prestigious projects of RAFAA are Danish Dermatological Development, Frankfurt, Solar City Tower, Rio de Janeiro, Residence, Langstrasse, Zurich, New Bike Share System, Copenhagen, Memorial, Atlantic City, etc.
Commissioned for Mumbai, India, the Cybertecture Egg is an impressive feat of sustainable architecture. The concept for the structure was originally inspired “by considering the world as an ecosystem allowing life to evolve,” according to its designers at James Law Cybertecture International. The Solar City Tower will provide a spectacular show when ocean eggy shape of the office building isn't just for show; the water will be pumped through the turbines, generating power design also utilizes passive solar design, which serves to and bringing an impressive water fall effect, as amazing as regulate temperatures within the building by decreasing heat any Vegas Show. Furthermore, it this amazing structure has gain and lowering energy loads. Gardens are also not impressed you, then you must look it closer: by bungee incorporated throughout the building to provide both shade jumping from the tower's 90th floor, where a platform will be and a natural aesthetic. This includes an elevated garden at built to challenge all of those daredevils' fans.the egg's upper 'tip,' which also assists in cooling the building.
The 2016 Olympic Games Iconic Tower will also have solar panels covering the outside of the tower, used to provide additional power to some of the Olympic Venues and the Olympic Village. Part of the energy produce by the solar panels will also be used to pump the seawater to the tower top.
Solar City Tower Additional Features
The solar city tower main attraction should be the waterfall, called by RAFAA a 'symbol for the forces of nature', however, the structure will have an amphitheater, auditorium, shops and other attractive retailers. The 2016 Olympic Tower will provide additional observation decks, on different floors, offering stunning breathtaking Rio de Janeiro's view. Long distance observation can be done from the observation deck on level +98.0. The urban balcony is situated at the top of the The building is powered using solar panels and rooftop wind tower 105 meters above sea level. The designer thinks that by turbines, and it can even harvest its own water for garden developing this towering structure, should serve as a game irrigation.changing strategy to redefine sustainable urban design.
Dubai is known for its outlandish, futuristic architecture, but Solar City Tower Location the emirate's latest architectural trend is sustainable design.
Few structures exemplify this more than the Vertical Village, The Solar City Tower will be located in one of the islands in designed by the architects at Graft Lab. The structure's solar Guanabara Bay, able to offer the most dramatic Brazilian panel arrays sparkle in the scorching Dubai sun, but the real skyline views. This structure will be at a par as the city's genius of the Vertical Village's design lies in how everything iconic Christ the Redeemer, a statue that resembles the is positioned to keep the building cool while maximizing Brazilian community around the world. The Solar City Tower solar capture at the same time. Each of the jettisoning 'walls'
Solar power station in Spain that works at night too!!
33
Designed by Toyo Ito, the energy production of Kaohsiung National Stadium is enough to power 3,300 lights and two jumbo vision screens. Perhaps most impressive, the stadium takes just 6 minutes to power up completely.Since games aren't played inside the stadium everyday, the building is transformed into a power plant during its 'off' days, capable of meeting almost 80 percent of the neighboring area's energy requirements.
Christened as the largest solar-powered building in the world, this building erected in Dezhou, China was designed to look
that hang over the structure's base point their panels at the sun while also being perfectly placed to provide shade.
Solar architecture doesn't just have to fill the skylines of foreign cities; it could also soon be coming to North America. Check out this design for a Solar Tower in Chicago by Zoka Zola Architects. This skyscraper is almost completely shielded by sun-tracking solar panels which rotate like sunflowers to follow the sun throughout the day.
like a sun dial. The structure also served as the apropos venue for the 4th World Solar City Congress.
The building is also designed to provide 30 percent more energy savings than the national standard by utilizing advanced roof and wall insulation.
The panels are carefully positioned to provide shade for the building's floors but not to obstruct the view. According to its designers, this tower's “cosmo-bio-logical skin” could have the power to produce “new and intensified experiences and a w a r e n e s s ” f o r t h e c i t i z e n s o f C h i c a g o .
Stadiums are almost always massive energy hogs, and usually make for poor examples of sustainable architecture.
Created for Za'abeel Park in Dubai, this stunning tower One exception to the rule, however, is this spectacular, designed by architect Robert Ferry would not only provide its dragon-shaped arena in Taiwan, which generates 100 percent own energy, but more than enough energy to run the rest of of its electricity from the solar panels lining its exterior.Za'abeel Park too. The design includes 224 large heliostatic polished mirrors, positioned on the tower's top platform, that rotate to track the sun. The mirrors then reflect brilliant beams of light into a central collector at the tower's tip. This magnified sunlight would then be used to generate steam to power a turbine. The tower would also provide the venue for a cultural center. An observation platform near the top would offer fantastic views. 'Almesian' is actually the Arabic name for one of the brightest stars in the sky from the Gemini constellation. It's a fitting name for a tower that would surely be recognizable from great distances thanks to the sunlight beaming at its tip.
34
in a haphazard way and then invests more to correct the flawed Residential Roof top projects with few private EPC system..... thus, we remain as copy cats, instead, my drive is to companies are being mooted / realised in Gandhi Nagar, collect data, bring transparency, allow a business case to be Gujarat, which is a welcome initiative with few PILOT formed with low cost mechanism and insist to adopt that as a cases and their results.POLICY with an open business plan to promote new entrepreneurs, thus, INDIAN citizen gets the benefit of low cost While supporting MNCs in INDIA before, I had energy generation, instead of allowing only few corporate or envisioned this aspect of the usage of the roof top of these industrialist to make money.....large manufacturing units can be put to best use for solar
Important: FIT (Feed In Tariff) or letting out roof surface area to third party (as is the case with residential roof top system) or such initiatives will increase or load common man, which must be avoided at all costs.
With a good technology deployment mind set to use the DC power and then judiciously convert to AC power as per the need of the factory between 7 am to 6 pm be planned.
The idea is to replace the consumption of Diesel (reduction in Import of Oil, Subsidy PV power generation, with the falling prices of PV
removal, promotion of cleantech) in DG or Gas or Coal during component, the surface area of roof top of such useful these hours by switching to Solar PV in a phased manner so that industrial SHEDs (mostly at 11 deg. to 16 deg. inclination) Production does not get interrupted during the operation or can be used (subject to structural design sustainability with during the erection of the PV panel above the roof (i.e. no design verification and validation for each location).production down time or interruption or no damage to the existing structure of the factory sheds).Few of large factories like Alstom, Areva, ABB, L & T,
ESSAR, Refineries, Ports, Auto giants, Steel plants, etc. in Indicative figures (only for reference): The COG of Rs..4 to Gujarat / India can even house the PV panels equivalent to 5/kwh (Cost of Generation without ROE) with high equity with 4 MW / single location or more due to such large and useful sample project cost of Rs. 6 Crore and 7.5 Crore/MW can be roof top surface / exposed area.realized today. Less land usage (Electrics item location only), not much of additional structures, improved cabling through It would be a good idea to collect the data on available existing Cable trays route / supports, learned maintenance team surface area i.e. roof top area of such large factories, steel available will be able to bring down the costs further. plants, port or process industries located in GUJARAT /
INDIA where solar irradiation can be best utilized with an Joint awareness is necessary to promote solar PV power effective planning to harness solar PV energy generation.generation on Factory roof top so that Industry owners can come forward in bringing down the carbon emission (not just by No policy exists as of now to stop them using their own buying the certificates or energy like what Torrent is doing, but, roof for their internal benefits, considering tariff escalation need to support them to invest in Solar Generators !), but, with a for commercial purpose in the decade to come... However, real participation. This will enable business creation and Government can provide necessary and modest FISCAL employment generation within the existing units with a good incentives to promote Solar PV power generation while awareness of CLEAN TECH initiatives on Climate change with allowing the factory for their captive consumption. Thus, a business case (no charity please).promote the idea of Solar Generators!
Corporate Social Responsibility: Please note that many The difference between INDIA and USA or other industries were given the land at very cheap price by the Western Country is: Capitalist idea based corporate government (which belongs to public), now, it is the time to ask creates a business opportunity and tries to scale up at fast these industrialists to invest in Solar PV power generation to speed (their Government administration allows quick reduce the pressure on the grid, so that villages can be supplied action, even in Singapore, too) for its FIRST HUGE with power in the day time.MARGINS, but, the “NEITHER Socialist nor Capitalist
INDIA” (believes in borrowing at low cost through Excess power, if generated, with little mark up price on COG IREDA, but, allows middle men / institutions to make can be sold to Utility companies with good FISCAL incentives more percentage and charge high interest rate for debt as "The business is no charity" and "Common man need not funds which are secured at low costs, which is against support solar PV generation through his nose" always with high socialism !) makes small trial after WEST takes initiative
Large and sustainable solar photovoltaic generators by using the roof-top of industry sheds for energy security during daytimeBy Praveen Kumar Kulkarni
35
tariff being supported by Government as it will not be This can be a good solution along with hybrid power mix with sustainable due to high budget deficit. SMART GRID metering to reduce the power theft and to
improve the load side demand management very efficiently.There is always a scope for improvement on business numbers with a good intent and with a positive outlook at Many Auto Industries are finding their place in Gujarat at a low the India's foot print on Global climate change in an cost land, which is a welcome point as the Government is a good economical way with long term sustainability for its socio- facilitator.economic objectives with a clear business plan with increased stake holder participation with a great In order to ensure, future energy security, let the roof of these transparency at all levels with the necessary education. industry shed be designed (before giving them approval for
their structures) to be Solar PV panels mounting compliant, so There is a Large Scope for roof top energy generation by that in future these industries can deploy solar PV Generators to the industries to relieve grid pressure during production promote renewable energy, reduce coal or oil import due to grid hours. Roof top use on RESIDENTIAL ROOF in the other power usage, thus, contribute to Current account deficit too.parts of the world are not successful (it may even increase corrupt practice of meter adjustments etc) as the rent to be This shall apply to steel plants which are investing CAPEX for paid and the real energy generation, non feasibility to their capacity expansion etc. MECON / CET / SAIL / Dastur co. connect the generated power to GRID due to Grid failures etc, may please be informed accordingly to incorporate in the (in INDIA “No Power in Grid” is very frequent, hence, it structural designs in future. Though it may increase the cost of may lead to manipulation or corrupt practices) and its steel a bit, in principle, but it can be cost effectively designed, monitoring / review are expensive and no transparency and however for having secured government land (public property), may lead to wrong business practices..... the industry needs to give back to the society in the form of
promotion for clean tech energy generation to reduce oil usage It is better to collect the data of large and usable roof a n d t h e r e b y p o l l u t i o n r e l a t e d i s s u e s .surfaces of Industry (which will run into 100s of MW solar PV power generation opportunity through Industry roofs) It is also an endeavor to use the land for multi-purpose i.e. set up in each state and publish in the MNRE website officially to auto / steel industry + Power generation (be it captive or evolve a good business case, where the industry owner may surplus). Let all new Industry sheds (structures) be, as a like to hire good EPC company and maintain it as Solar PV mandatory, implement structures to house future PV panels, may be their non-core business area. t h r o u g h a n o r d i n a n c e ( i f n e e d b e ) .
Please note that we need to use the Land for Let the CAPEX for Solar PV generator be provided after the accommodating the Solar PV wherever possible, with a internal accruals, but, we will be reserving the space (most distributed Generation concept to reduce the oil import..... precious land) for future PV energy generation as a sustainable we can use the day power of Solar PV to the maximum energy development plan.along with day peak requirement, thus, for night power or peaking requirement (when solar PV power is not available), then, we can use other resources.
The author is a Gold Medalist from SLN College of Engineering, Gulbarga University. Industrial work experience over 23 years with PSU, MNCs. He had worked for: Tungabharda Steel Products Ltd, Hospet from 1988 to 1995. Executed engineering of 21 Hydro Mechanical Equipment projects. Deputed to Japan for 5 months as part of UNIDO program to become JICA participant-1994. He introduced CAD in TSPL with software programs for design of Gates, Hoists and Cranes. He was deputed to TSPL Hyderabad branch to assist business development of Steel Plant Equipments.
With SMS Demag India Ltd, German MNC), he engineered Steel Melt Shop equipments of Jindal Vijay Nagar Steel Plant. Apart from being the Head of Secondary refining equipments viz VD, VOD, RH, RHOB, SMS equipments, he supported the pre-bid and business development activities thru ICB of SMS Demag Secondary refining equipments. Visited SMS Demag, Duisburg on company assignments.
ALSTOM Portugal / India (French MNC) hired him as a Consultant and Part of Management team to launch Hydro Mechanical Equipment in India in their Baroda factory. Prepared Business plans, Export support (1ME,Owenfalls ,Uganda), tendering support to realize and launch Omkareshwar Project. Visited ALSTOM Lisbon, France, Grenoble on assignments and important missions. He was a Project Manager of Omkareshwar HME (24 ME) and as Implementation Manager to rebuild (15ME) Alstom Baroda factory to manufacture Hydro turbines, Generators and HME to cater to their Indian and Export Markets. He visited USA, Russia for special equipment evaluations, purchase and installations. He was the Project Director of Nam Ngum, Laos HME project (10ME).
Established KK NESAR PROJECT PRIVATE LIMITED to execute renewable energy projects on EPC basis with a collaborative business approach with Indian specific needs. His contact email: [email protected]
Image: Roof-top solar energy system
34
in a haphazard way and then invests more to correct the flawed Residential Roof top projects with few private EPC system..... thus, we remain as copy cats, instead, my drive is to companies are being mooted / realised in Gandhi Nagar, collect data, bring transparency, allow a business case to be Gujarat, which is a welcome initiative with few PILOT formed with low cost mechanism and insist to adopt that as a cases and their results.POLICY with an open business plan to promote new entrepreneurs, thus, INDIAN citizen gets the benefit of low cost While supporting MNCs in INDIA before, I had energy generation, instead of allowing only few corporate or envisioned this aspect of the usage of the roof top of these industrialist to make money.....large manufacturing units can be put to best use for solar
Important: FIT (Feed In Tariff) or letting out roof surface area to third party (as is the case with residential roof top system) or such initiatives will increase or load common man, which must be avoided at all costs.
With a good technology deployment mind set to use the DC power and then judiciously convert to AC power as per the need of the factory between 7 am to 6 pm be planned.
The idea is to replace the consumption of Diesel (reduction in Import of Oil, Subsidy PV power generation, with the falling prices of PV
removal, promotion of cleantech) in DG or Gas or Coal during component, the surface area of roof top of such useful these hours by switching to Solar PV in a phased manner so that industrial SHEDs (mostly at 11 deg. to 16 deg. inclination) Production does not get interrupted during the operation or can be used (subject to structural design sustainability with during the erection of the PV panel above the roof (i.e. no design verification and validation for each location).production down time or interruption or no damage to the existing structure of the factory sheds).Few of large factories like Alstom, Areva, ABB, L & T,
ESSAR, Refineries, Ports, Auto giants, Steel plants, etc. in Indicative figures (only for reference): The COG of Rs..4 to Gujarat / India can even house the PV panels equivalent to 5/kwh (Cost of Generation without ROE) with high equity with 4 MW / single location or more due to such large and useful sample project cost of Rs. 6 Crore and 7.5 Crore/MW can be roof top surface / exposed area.realized today. Less land usage (Electrics item location only), not much of additional structures, improved cabling through It would be a good idea to collect the data on available existing Cable trays route / supports, learned maintenance team surface area i.e. roof top area of such large factories, steel available will be able to bring down the costs further. plants, port or process industries located in GUJARAT /
INDIA where solar irradiation can be best utilized with an Joint awareness is necessary to promote solar PV power effective planning to harness solar PV energy generation.generation on Factory roof top so that Industry owners can come forward in bringing down the carbon emission (not just by No policy exists as of now to stop them using their own buying the certificates or energy like what Torrent is doing, but, roof for their internal benefits, considering tariff escalation need to support them to invest in Solar Generators !), but, with a for commercial purpose in the decade to come... However, real participation. This will enable business creation and Government can provide necessary and modest FISCAL employment generation within the existing units with a good incentives to promote Solar PV power generation while awareness of CLEAN TECH initiatives on Climate change with allowing the factory for their captive consumption. Thus, a business case (no charity please).promote the idea of Solar Generators!
Corporate Social Responsibility: Please note that many The difference between INDIA and USA or other industries were given the land at very cheap price by the Western Country is: Capitalist idea based corporate government (which belongs to public), now, it is the time to ask creates a business opportunity and tries to scale up at fast these industrialists to invest in Solar PV power generation to speed (their Government administration allows quick reduce the pressure on the grid, so that villages can be supplied action, even in Singapore, too) for its FIRST HUGE with power in the day time.MARGINS, but, the “NEITHER Socialist nor Capitalist
INDIA” (believes in borrowing at low cost through Excess power, if generated, with little mark up price on COG IREDA, but, allows middle men / institutions to make can be sold to Utility companies with good FISCAL incentives more percentage and charge high interest rate for debt as "The business is no charity" and "Common man need not funds which are secured at low costs, which is against support solar PV generation through his nose" always with high socialism !) makes small trial after WEST takes initiative
Large and sustainable solar photovoltaic generators by using the roof-top of industry sheds for energy security during daytimeBy Praveen Kumar Kulkarni
35
tariff being supported by Government as it will not be This can be a good solution along with hybrid power mix with sustainable due to high budget deficit. SMART GRID metering to reduce the power theft and to
improve the load side demand management very efficiently.There is always a scope for improvement on business numbers with a good intent and with a positive outlook at Many Auto Industries are finding their place in Gujarat at a low the India's foot print on Global climate change in an cost land, which is a welcome point as the Government is a good economical way with long term sustainability for its socio- facilitator.economic objectives with a clear business plan with increased stake holder participation with a great In order to ensure, future energy security, let the roof of these transparency at all levels with the necessary education. industry shed be designed (before giving them approval for
their structures) to be Solar PV panels mounting compliant, so There is a Large Scope for roof top energy generation by that in future these industries can deploy solar PV Generators to the industries to relieve grid pressure during production promote renewable energy, reduce coal or oil import due to grid hours. Roof top use on RESIDENTIAL ROOF in the other power usage, thus, contribute to Current account deficit too.parts of the world are not successful (it may even increase corrupt practice of meter adjustments etc) as the rent to be This shall apply to steel plants which are investing CAPEX for paid and the real energy generation, non feasibility to their capacity expansion etc. MECON / CET / SAIL / Dastur co. connect the generated power to GRID due to Grid failures etc, may please be informed accordingly to incorporate in the (in INDIA “No Power in Grid” is very frequent, hence, it structural designs in future. Though it may increase the cost of may lead to manipulation or corrupt practices) and its steel a bit, in principle, but it can be cost effectively designed, monitoring / review are expensive and no transparency and however for having secured government land (public property), may lead to wrong business practices..... the industry needs to give back to the society in the form of
promotion for clean tech energy generation to reduce oil usage It is better to collect the data of large and usable roof a n d t h e r e b y p o l l u t i o n r e l a t e d i s s u e s .surfaces of Industry (which will run into 100s of MW solar PV power generation opportunity through Industry roofs) It is also an endeavor to use the land for multi-purpose i.e. set up in each state and publish in the MNRE website officially to auto / steel industry + Power generation (be it captive or evolve a good business case, where the industry owner may surplus). Let all new Industry sheds (structures) be, as a like to hire good EPC company and maintain it as Solar PV mandatory, implement structures to house future PV panels, may be their non-core business area. t h r o u g h a n o r d i n a n c e ( i f n e e d b e ) .
Please note that we need to use the Land for Let the CAPEX for Solar PV generator be provided after the accommodating the Solar PV wherever possible, with a internal accruals, but, we will be reserving the space (most distributed Generation concept to reduce the oil import..... precious land) for future PV energy generation as a sustainable we can use the day power of Solar PV to the maximum energy development plan.along with day peak requirement, thus, for night power or peaking requirement (when solar PV power is not available), then, we can use other resources.
The author is a Gold Medalist from SLN College of Engineering, Gulbarga University. Industrial work experience over 23 years with PSU, MNCs. He had worked for: Tungabharda Steel Products Ltd, Hospet from 1988 to 1995. Executed engineering of 21 Hydro Mechanical Equipment projects. Deputed to Japan for 5 months as part of UNIDO program to become JICA participant-1994. He introduced CAD in TSPL with software programs for design of Gates, Hoists and Cranes. He was deputed to TSPL Hyderabad branch to assist business development of Steel Plant Equipments.
With SMS Demag India Ltd, German MNC), he engineered Steel Melt Shop equipments of Jindal Vijay Nagar Steel Plant. Apart from being the Head of Secondary refining equipments viz VD, VOD, RH, RHOB, SMS equipments, he supported the pre-bid and business development activities thru ICB of SMS Demag Secondary refining equipments. Visited SMS Demag, Duisburg on company assignments.
ALSTOM Portugal / India (French MNC) hired him as a Consultant and Part of Management team to launch Hydro Mechanical Equipment in India in their Baroda factory. Prepared Business plans, Export support (1ME,Owenfalls ,Uganda), tendering support to realize and launch Omkareshwar Project. Visited ALSTOM Lisbon, France, Grenoble on assignments and important missions. He was a Project Manager of Omkareshwar HME (24 ME) and as Implementation Manager to rebuild (15ME) Alstom Baroda factory to manufacture Hydro turbines, Generators and HME to cater to their Indian and Export Markets. He visited USA, Russia for special equipment evaluations, purchase and installations. He was the Project Director of Nam Ngum, Laos HME project (10ME).
Established KK NESAR PROJECT PRIVATE LIMITED to execute renewable energy projects on EPC basis with a collaborative business approach with Indian specific needs. His contact email: [email protected]
Image: Roof-top solar energy system
MSA and interact with Shri Deepak Gadhia, a leading It's been very late arrival of Monsoon in most of the parts of technocrat and a pioneer in the field of Solar and Renewable Gujarat by now. Also since past two days there has been Energy in India and has earned international recognition for his news of continual power failure in the Northern Grid of accomplishments over the last 30 years. Among his India affecting almost entire 13 states of India, more than accomplishments are:the entire population of the EU. The combined northern
and eastern grids serves and affects about the life of Development of the first solar steam cooking system approximately 600 million people. The power failure on
in India.both the days has raised serious concerns about India's Installed the worlds' largest steam cooking system, producing upto 35,000 meals per dayInstalled the highest altitude steam cooking system in Ladakh, producing 500 meals per day in -40°C temperature conditionsInstalled the world's first & largest solar powered air-conditioning system (100 ton system) for the Kailash Cancer Hospital (MSA), in Goraj India using Scheffler Concentrators.Development of a 400m3 biogas generation, treatment and bottling facility used for community cooking at the Muni Seva AshramRecognised by the Clinton Global Initiative Foundation for outstanding work in the areas of renewable energy & much moreoutdated infrastructure and the government's inability to
meet the country's energy needs as it vies to become a At present he mentors and supports many start-ups like regional economic superpower. Also on 30th there was a Excellent Renewable Pvt Ltd > a Biogas company and good debate on this topic on one of the news channel with GreenForce Enviro Pvt. ltd a company in Mumbai that offers panel members including Dr R K Pachauri, Director Green Solutions. He is also Chairman of Gehrlicher Solar India General, TERI who specifically emphasized on increasing Pvt. Ltd. a JV between Gehrlicher Solar AG of Germany and the efficiency of the power plants of India, reducing T&D GreenForce and offers EPC Solutions for MW Solar Parks. He losses and to rely more and more on the Renewable Energy also guides and mentors “The Green India Initiative (TGII)” Sources in order to maintain the overall progress that India and gives honorary service as a Trustee at Muni Seva Ashram at has targeted.Goraj.
India's demand for electricity has soared along with its In the last two decades Muni Seva Ashram has increased its economy in recent years, but utilities have been unable to scope of activities by many folds, credit for this exemplary meet the growing needs. India's Central Electricity growth goes to Pujya Anuben, for her love for humanity and to Authority reported power deficits of more than 8% in Dr. Vikrambhai who integrated education, health care, recent months. Still One-third of India's households do not alternative energy, social services and agriculture to create an have enough electricity to power a light bulb, according to Ashram that Mahatma Gandhi would have been truly proud of. last year's census.He wouldn't have hesitated to move from Sabarmati ashram to the Muni Seva Ashram!. Banter apart; the Ashram is an Fortunately things are very different in the Solar State of amazing place and the below description of all the renewable India “GUJARAT” in terms of power crises and very much technologies deployed will provide only glimpses of what it is more different and unique at “Muni Seva Ashram really like. There is no equal to visiting the Ashram. I highly (MSA)”or the “Green Ashram” as it is popularly known recommend all the readers to visit MSA at least once in life which is situated at Goraj, almost 30 kms from Baroda city. time.Besides nurturing about 700 MW of Solar Power Plant
including Asia's Largest Solar Park Gujarat also is home to Renewables at Ashramone of its kind of Ashram in India where probably you
would witness deployment of all the RE Technologies at Back when the ashram was established in 1980, there was an one single location !!!! Luckily I got a chance to visit the utter lack of basic infrastructure such as drinking water, sanitation, roads and power. In such situation, alternative energy was not an option, it was a necessity. Thus began the journey to change the status quo by judicious use of appropriate technology and to manage to live in harmony with nature.
The ashram has experimented and successfully implemented a
India's First & Unique “Green Ashram” at the Solar Capital of India Gujarat A model & multiplier for Renewable Energy and Sustainable CommunityBy Urvish Dave
37
equipment it operates. Ashram has installed a Lithium Bromide based Vapour Absorption Chiller (VAC) refrigeration system that can achieve cooling up to 6 degc. Necessary heat was provided by two bio-boilers of 1.5 ton and 3 ton capacity. The machine required 5000 kg of wood per day.
To reduce wood consumption, Ashram has installed a solar steam generating system which employs 100 parabolic dishes for concentrating sun's heat. This allows water to reach a temperature of 180 degc and converts water to steam at 8 to 10 kg/ cm2 pressure. The temperature at the receivers reaches 500o C. For backup purpose, a wood fired boiler is used. This solar steam generating system which generates enough steam to run a 100 TR of air conditioning is world's first and largest commercially executed Solar Air Conditioning System using Scheffler Concentrators.
vast assortment of Sustainable solutions and Renewable Ashram also has a wood gasifier which burns wood in scarce air Energy technologies to meet its needs. The Ashram today and produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which is used as relies majorly on the Renewable Energy Technologies to fuel in an internal combustion engine to produce electricity for meet its power requirement for High school, Air utility.Conditioning requirement for the state of art cancer
hospital and for preparing meals using the renewable energy systems deployed in the ashram premises.
When Ashram started the residential schools in the 90s, there was no electricity and the students struggled to do their homework. The ashram met the challenge by installing a solar power plant.
To cook for its 1200 strong community the Ashram kitchens needed a vast quantity of firewood. The ashram met this challenge by a combination of bio-gas plants and solar dishes for cooking. A thermic fluid based solar cooking system provides adequate temperature to fry, bake or roast in the comfort of kitchen.
There are 10 dishes used for solar cooking system. The unique experimental feature of this system is that it uses thermic fluid instead of steam. Thermic fluid provides
Ashram has 650 acres of land at Bakrol farm where there is a higher temperature of 200 degc required for frying. large Gaushala with more than 300 cows. The cow-dung is used Another advantage is that it retains heat for a longer time as fuel for a large scale bio-gas plant.
There are three digesters two of 85 cubic metre capacity (floating dome model KVIC) and one 250 cubic metre (fixed dome model). The floating dome digesters are fed with cow dung only and the fixed dome digester is fed with any type of biodegradable waste including kitchen waste. The biogas is scrubbed of CO2, compressed and stored in bottles which are used as fuel in the Atithi Mandir kitchen and also as fuel for a mini truck used by the ashram which runs for 180 km on two bottles (9 kg at 180kg/cm2 pressure each). The slurry which is vermi-composted and used as organic fertilizer in ashram farms.
This Bio gas plant provides 1000 meals each day. The gas is cleaned, compressed, bottled and brought to the Atithi canteen in a transport rack. Earlier when the biogas wasn't available, LPG was used. The kitchen required 2 bottles each day. Biogas than water, thus allowing it to be used for night time has reduced dependence on fossil fuel. cooking.
One of the very unique feature of the Ashram is the installation The ashram runs a state-of-the-art Cancer hospital. It needs of World's First and only “Solar Crematorium”.constant air conditioning because of the medical 36
This photo voltaic solar plant generates 13 KW peak power and provides electricity and lighting to the 400 residential students.
India's largest Solar air-conditioning plant. (100 TR) using Scheffler Concentrators.
MSA and interact with Shri Deepak Gadhia, a leading It's been very late arrival of Monsoon in most of the parts of technocrat and a pioneer in the field of Solar and Renewable Gujarat by now. Also since past two days there has been Energy in India and has earned international recognition for his news of continual power failure in the Northern Grid of accomplishments over the last 30 years. Among his India affecting almost entire 13 states of India, more than accomplishments are:the entire population of the EU. The combined northern
and eastern grids serves and affects about the life of Development of the first solar steam cooking system approximately 600 million people. The power failure on
in India.both the days has raised serious concerns about India's Installed the worlds' largest steam cooking system, producing upto 35,000 meals per dayInstalled the highest altitude steam cooking system in Ladakh, producing 500 meals per day in -40°C temperature conditionsInstalled the world's first & largest solar powered air-conditioning system (100 ton system) for the Kailash Cancer Hospital (MSA), in Goraj India using Scheffler Concentrators.Development of a 400m3 biogas generation, treatment and bottling facility used for community cooking at the Muni Seva AshramRecognised by the Clinton Global Initiative Foundation for outstanding work in the areas of renewable energy & much moreoutdated infrastructure and the government's inability to
meet the country's energy needs as it vies to become a At present he mentors and supports many start-ups like regional economic superpower. Also on 30th there was a Excellent Renewable Pvt Ltd > a Biogas company and good debate on this topic on one of the news channel with GreenForce Enviro Pvt. ltd a company in Mumbai that offers panel members including Dr R K Pachauri, Director Green Solutions. He is also Chairman of Gehrlicher Solar India General, TERI who specifically emphasized on increasing Pvt. Ltd. a JV between Gehrlicher Solar AG of Germany and the efficiency of the power plants of India, reducing T&D GreenForce and offers EPC Solutions for MW Solar Parks. He losses and to rely more and more on the Renewable Energy also guides and mentors “The Green India Initiative (TGII)” Sources in order to maintain the overall progress that India and gives honorary service as a Trustee at Muni Seva Ashram at has targeted.Goraj.
India's demand for electricity has soared along with its In the last two decades Muni Seva Ashram has increased its economy in recent years, but utilities have been unable to scope of activities by many folds, credit for this exemplary meet the growing needs. India's Central Electricity growth goes to Pujya Anuben, for her love for humanity and to Authority reported power deficits of more than 8% in Dr. Vikrambhai who integrated education, health care, recent months. Still One-third of India's households do not alternative energy, social services and agriculture to create an have enough electricity to power a light bulb, according to Ashram that Mahatma Gandhi would have been truly proud of. last year's census.He wouldn't have hesitated to move from Sabarmati ashram to the Muni Seva Ashram!. Banter apart; the Ashram is an Fortunately things are very different in the Solar State of amazing place and the below description of all the renewable India “GUJARAT” in terms of power crises and very much technologies deployed will provide only glimpses of what it is more different and unique at “Muni Seva Ashram really like. There is no equal to visiting the Ashram. I highly (MSA)”or the “Green Ashram” as it is popularly known recommend all the readers to visit MSA at least once in life which is situated at Goraj, almost 30 kms from Baroda city. time.Besides nurturing about 700 MW of Solar Power Plant
including Asia's Largest Solar Park Gujarat also is home to Renewables at Ashramone of its kind of Ashram in India where probably you
would witness deployment of all the RE Technologies at Back when the ashram was established in 1980, there was an one single location !!!! Luckily I got a chance to visit the utter lack of basic infrastructure such as drinking water, sanitation, roads and power. In such situation, alternative energy was not an option, it was a necessity. Thus began the journey to change the status quo by judicious use of appropriate technology and to manage to live in harmony with nature.
The ashram has experimented and successfully implemented a
India's First & Unique “Green Ashram” at the Solar Capital of India Gujarat A model & multiplier for Renewable Energy and Sustainable CommunityBy Urvish Dave
37
equipment it operates. Ashram has installed a Lithium Bromide based Vapour Absorption Chiller (VAC) refrigeration system that can achieve cooling up to 6 degc. Necessary heat was provided by two bio-boilers of 1.5 ton and 3 ton capacity. The machine required 5000 kg of wood per day.
To reduce wood consumption, Ashram has installed a solar steam generating system which employs 100 parabolic dishes for concentrating sun's heat. This allows water to reach a temperature of 180 degc and converts water to steam at 8 to 10 kg/ cm2 pressure. The temperature at the receivers reaches 500o C. For backup purpose, a wood fired boiler is used. This solar steam generating system which generates enough steam to run a 100 TR of air conditioning is world's first and largest commercially executed Solar Air Conditioning System using Scheffler Concentrators.
vast assortment of Sustainable solutions and Renewable Ashram also has a wood gasifier which burns wood in scarce air Energy technologies to meet its needs. The Ashram today and produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which is used as relies majorly on the Renewable Energy Technologies to fuel in an internal combustion engine to produce electricity for meet its power requirement for High school, Air utility.Conditioning requirement for the state of art cancer
hospital and for preparing meals using the renewable energy systems deployed in the ashram premises.
When Ashram started the residential schools in the 90s, there was no electricity and the students struggled to do their homework. The ashram met the challenge by installing a solar power plant.
To cook for its 1200 strong community the Ashram kitchens needed a vast quantity of firewood. The ashram met this challenge by a combination of bio-gas plants and solar dishes for cooking. A thermic fluid based solar cooking system provides adequate temperature to fry, bake or roast in the comfort of kitchen.
There are 10 dishes used for solar cooking system. The unique experimental feature of this system is that it uses thermic fluid instead of steam. Thermic fluid provides
Ashram has 650 acres of land at Bakrol farm where there is a higher temperature of 200 degc required for frying. large Gaushala with more than 300 cows. The cow-dung is used Another advantage is that it retains heat for a longer time as fuel for a large scale bio-gas plant.
There are three digesters two of 85 cubic metre capacity (floating dome model KVIC) and one 250 cubic metre (fixed dome model). The floating dome digesters are fed with cow dung only and the fixed dome digester is fed with any type of biodegradable waste including kitchen waste. The biogas is scrubbed of CO2, compressed and stored in bottles which are used as fuel in the Atithi Mandir kitchen and also as fuel for a mini truck used by the ashram which runs for 180 km on two bottles (9 kg at 180kg/cm2 pressure each). The slurry which is vermi-composted and used as organic fertilizer in ashram farms.
This Bio gas plant provides 1000 meals each day. The gas is cleaned, compressed, bottled and brought to the Atithi canteen in a transport rack. Earlier when the biogas wasn't available, LPG was used. The kitchen required 2 bottles each day. Biogas than water, thus allowing it to be used for night time has reduced dependence on fossil fuel. cooking.
One of the very unique feature of the Ashram is the installation The ashram runs a state-of-the-art Cancer hospital. It needs of World's First and only “Solar Crematorium”.constant air conditioning because of the medical 36
This photo voltaic solar plant generates 13 KW peak power and provides electricity and lighting to the 400 residential students.
India's largest Solar air-conditioning plant. (100 TR) using Scheffler Concentrators.
38
Urvish Dave is working in the Renewable Energy Arena as anIndependent Project Consultant with an expertise and keen focus in Solar Energy Sector viz. Rural Electrification, Grid connected SPP, Off-Grid Solar Projects, Captive power plants, Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) Mechanism, & CDM projects in India along with market intelligence pertaining to renewable energy sector. He holds the distinction of executing numerous Solar projects during the career path including EPC projects for Rural Electrification, Solar Grid Connected Projects, Off-Grid Projects etc. He is a freelance writer and publishes his article regularly on Solar Projects in India via his blog post. For more information on Solar Power Projects in India visit http://urvishdave.wordpress.com/For Consultation & assistance in Renewable Energy Projects and energy efficient product's, write him at [email protected]
39
to its capacity to generate power. The slow pace of tariff Image courtesy: National Post, Canadareforms is hindering infrastructure investment at the state level in most parts of the country. The centralized model of power On July 30th and 31st the world's largest blackout - The generation, transmission and distribution is growing more and Great Indian Outage - stretching from New Delhi to more costly to maintain at current levels to meet the growing Kolkata occurred. This blackout caused by northern energy needs. The blackout and shortage of power are power grid failure had put nearly 700 million people - hampering India's economic growth and its capacity for growth. twice the population of the U.S. without electricity. A grid
failure of this magnitude has thrown light on the massive So what can the world's second biggest democracy do to help demand for power in a country and its struggle to generate eliminate such wide-sweeping outages in the future? much-needed power supply. Government should make an assessment of how best to address the power needs to meet the future growth and prevent such India aims to expand its power-generation capacity by 44% massive power failures. India's power blackout is an over the next five years. In June, the country's power opportunity for developing sustainable energy. India urgently generation fell short by 5.8% against a peak-hour demand needs to develop and deploy large scale renewable energy to for 128 gigawatts, according to government data. India is end its power grid outages. I have addressed these concerns in divided into five regional grids, which are all my presentation “Renewable Energy Solutions For India A interconnected, except for the southern grid. All the grids Strategic Development Plan” and in the following published are being run by Power Grid, which operates more than papers: “How Concentrated Solar Power Can Meet India's about 100,000 kilometers of electricity transmission lines.Future Power Needs,” “Solar Farming Potential in India,” “How To Empower India With Big Solar Energy Plans,” and Serious concerns have been once again raised about the “Full version: India's solar sunrise - Renewable Energy country's growing infrastructure and the disability to meet Focus.”its energy needs. Government officials have concluded
“The grid failed because of the overloading of power,” and For economic as well as environmental reasons India need to contending that “many states” try to take more power than shift to non-polluting renewable sources of energy. Renewable they were allotted from the grid. energy is the most attractive investment because it will provide long-term economic growth for India. Decentralized off-grid The country's lack of energy security is a major constraint
Addressing India's Energy Future: Ending India's Massive Power Grid OutagesBy Darshan Goswami, M.S., P.E.
Cremation is the normal practice across India. When a person The waste heat from gas engine will be used for running its dies, 200-300 Kg of wood is required to cremate the body. vapour absorption chiller for air-conditioning. The ashram is
expected to become grid-free in 2012. Ashram also proposes to provide surplus gas to nearby villages for power and gas.” !!!!! MSA truly is India's one of its kind of Green Ashram serving people for their betterment & showcasing a Eco-Friendly Energy model that now needs to be deployed universally for humanity to exists….
To know more deta i ls about Ashram vis i t : http://www.greenashram.org/. All of this shows that Renewable Energy Technologies are affordable, scalable and can be deployed even at the grassroots level to meet all the basic energy requirement of human race & also looking at the present energy crises/deficit and increasing Global Climate Change through excessive dependence on conventional sources of energy makes Renewable Energy not a matter of choice now !!!! It's a Compulsion !
I'm often asked whether I believe in Global Warming. I now just reply with the question “Do you believe in Gravity?”-Dr. Recognizing the need to conserve the wood, ashram installed Neil deGrasse Tyson. Meanwhile for all the Solar Enthusiasts a 50 Sq meter dish to burn dead bodies. When operational, the as I mentioned in my previous blog we are going to publish system will use biogas as backup and will burn a body in 100 Asia's first Solar PV technology benchmarking report of minutes.700+ MW co-located utility power generation project installed at kutchh, surendranagar, patan and other parts of Besides all of this unique technologies the ashram has also Gujarat including asia's first solar park at charanka in the state has 76 home lighting systems each lighting 3 CFL. Each of Gujarat. This Report will display very vital information panel converts solar radiation to electrical energy which is
stored in batteries for later use. Solar Water heater at various ashram buildings are installed of about 8000+ liters capacity in total along with Solar-LED based street lighting's.
Friends, it was a pleasure visiting the Green Ashram and knowing about all the various Renewable Energy Technologies deployed at ashram at one place. Unique !!!! Isn't it ????? Wait….There is more to come…..Future Plan : ”The ashram has planned to setup a 1.2 MW biogas plant which will provide 100% of the energy needs of the ashram. It will provide
required for benchmarking like generation data of last three required gas for cooking, compressed gas for operating farm months, rating & capacity, manufacturer & make of the vehicles, electricity for the hospitals and fertilizers for the product used in installation of Solar PV project..Till farms. then….”Think & Grow Green” !
Solar Water Heater at various buildings at Ashram
Solar Water Heater at various buildings at Ashram
38
Urvish Dave is working in the Renewable Energy Arena as anIndependent Project Consultant with an expertise and keen focus in Solar Energy Sector viz. Rural Electrification, Grid connected SPP, Off-Grid Solar Projects, Captive power plants, Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) Mechanism, & CDM projects in India along with market intelligence pertaining to renewable energy sector. He holds the distinction of executing numerous Solar projects during the career path including EPC projects for Rural Electrification, Solar Grid Connected Projects, Off-Grid Projects etc. He is a freelance writer and publishes his article regularly on Solar Projects in India via his blog post. For more information on Solar Power Projects in India visit http://urvishdave.wordpress.com/For Consultation & assistance in Renewable Energy Projects and energy efficient product's, write him at [email protected]
39
to its capacity to generate power. The slow pace of tariff Image courtesy: National Post, Canadareforms is hindering infrastructure investment at the state level in most parts of the country. The centralized model of power On July 30th and 31st the world's largest blackout - The generation, transmission and distribution is growing more and Great Indian Outage - stretching from New Delhi to more costly to maintain at current levels to meet the growing Kolkata occurred. This blackout caused by northern energy needs. The blackout and shortage of power are power grid failure had put nearly 700 million people - hampering India's economic growth and its capacity for growth. twice the population of the U.S. without electricity. A grid
failure of this magnitude has thrown light on the massive So what can the world's second biggest democracy do to help demand for power in a country and its struggle to generate eliminate such wide-sweeping outages in the future? much-needed power supply. Government should make an assessment of how best to address the power needs to meet the future growth and prevent such India aims to expand its power-generation capacity by 44% massive power failures. India's power blackout is an over the next five years. In June, the country's power opportunity for developing sustainable energy. India urgently generation fell short by 5.8% against a peak-hour demand needs to develop and deploy large scale renewable energy to for 128 gigawatts, according to government data. India is end its power grid outages. I have addressed these concerns in divided into five regional grids, which are all my presentation “Renewable Energy Solutions For India A interconnected, except for the southern grid. All the grids Strategic Development Plan” and in the following published are being run by Power Grid, which operates more than papers: “How Concentrated Solar Power Can Meet India's about 100,000 kilometers of electricity transmission lines.Future Power Needs,” “Solar Farming Potential in India,” “How To Empower India With Big Solar Energy Plans,” and Serious concerns have been once again raised about the “Full version: India's solar sunrise - Renewable Energy country's growing infrastructure and the disability to meet Focus.”its energy needs. Government officials have concluded
“The grid failed because of the overloading of power,” and For economic as well as environmental reasons India need to contending that “many states” try to take more power than shift to non-polluting renewable sources of energy. Renewable they were allotted from the grid. energy is the most attractive investment because it will provide long-term economic growth for India. Decentralized off-grid The country's lack of energy security is a major constraint
Addressing India's Energy Future: Ending India's Massive Power Grid OutagesBy Darshan Goswami, M.S., P.E.
Cremation is the normal practice across India. When a person The waste heat from gas engine will be used for running its dies, 200-300 Kg of wood is required to cremate the body. vapour absorption chiller for air-conditioning. The ashram is
expected to become grid-free in 2012. Ashram also proposes to provide surplus gas to nearby villages for power and gas.” !!!!! MSA truly is India's one of its kind of Green Ashram serving people for their betterment & showcasing a Eco-Friendly Energy model that now needs to be deployed universally for humanity to exists….
To know more deta i ls about Ashram vis i t : http://www.greenashram.org/. All of this shows that Renewable Energy Technologies are affordable, scalable and can be deployed even at the grassroots level to meet all the basic energy requirement of human race & also looking at the present energy crises/deficit and increasing Global Climate Change through excessive dependence on conventional sources of energy makes Renewable Energy not a matter of choice now !!!! It's a Compulsion !
I'm often asked whether I believe in Global Warming. I now just reply with the question “Do you believe in Gravity?”-Dr. Recognizing the need to conserve the wood, ashram installed Neil deGrasse Tyson. Meanwhile for all the Solar Enthusiasts a 50 Sq meter dish to burn dead bodies. When operational, the as I mentioned in my previous blog we are going to publish system will use biogas as backup and will burn a body in 100 Asia's first Solar PV technology benchmarking report of minutes.700+ MW co-located utility power generation project installed at kutchh, surendranagar, patan and other parts of Besides all of this unique technologies the ashram has also Gujarat including asia's first solar park at charanka in the state has 76 home lighting systems each lighting 3 CFL. Each of Gujarat. This Report will display very vital information panel converts solar radiation to electrical energy which is
stored in batteries for later use. Solar Water heater at various ashram buildings are installed of about 8000+ liters capacity in total along with Solar-LED based street lighting's.
Friends, it was a pleasure visiting the Green Ashram and knowing about all the various Renewable Energy Technologies deployed at ashram at one place. Unique !!!! Isn't it ????? Wait….There is more to come…..Future Plan : ”The ashram has planned to setup a 1.2 MW biogas plant which will provide 100% of the energy needs of the ashram. It will provide
required for benchmarking like generation data of last three required gas for cooking, compressed gas for operating farm months, rating & capacity, manufacturer & make of the vehicles, electricity for the hospitals and fertilizers for the product used in installation of Solar PV project..Till farms. then….”Think & Grow Green” !
Solar Water Heater at various buildings at Ashram
Solar Water Heater at various buildings at Ashram
40
Waste to Energy
renewable distributed generation sources like solar, wind, How solar energy can work for Indiahydro, biomass, biogas, geothermal, hydrogen energy and fuel cells are the answers. These sources have the Solar is the prime free source of inexhaustible energy available advantage of permitting and empowering people at the to all of us in this universe. India is one of the Sun's most grassroots level and offer less need for distribution and favored nations, blessed with about 5000 TWh of solar transmission with little to no emissions. India should insolation every year. Even if a tenth of this potential was consider developing targets for electrification that include utilized, it could mark the end of India's power problems using
renewable off-grid options and/or renewable powered the country's deserts and farm land. India should tap this vast mini-grids. This will take the substantial electrical load off resource to satisfy its growing energy demand and time is of the the existing power grid and also reduce the need for essence. India could lead the world by embracing the power of installing additional transmission and distribution the sun, if smart business models and favorable policies are systems. developed and implemented nationwide as quickly as possible.
Deployment of large-scale solar and wind projects are Solar Energy has the potential to re-energize India's economy needed to begin a smooth transition off of fossil fuels, and by creating millions of new jobs, achieve energy independence, nuclear power that is harming both communities and the reduce the trade deficit and propel India forward as a “Green environment. India can use renewable energy for meeting Nation.” In short, solar offers too many benefits for India to all future energy needs because it is sustainable, locally ignore or delay its development. available free of charge, eco-friendly and eliminates global warming. India imports oil, coal, and natural gas and millions of rupees are spent on it but enormous renewable resources of solar
Wind Farm in Germany Arizona Solar Energy farm Concentrated Solar Energy Plant
41
and wind energy goes to waste because it remains unused. Third, develop favorable government policies to ease the permitting process and to provide start-up capital to promote
India's present generation capacity is about 186,000 MW. the exponential growth of renewable energy. Create and fund India could potentially increase grid-connected solar a national smart infrastructure bank for renewable energy. power generation capacity to of over 200,000 MW by the year 2030, if adequate resources and favorable policies can Fourth, accelerate local demand for renewable energy by be developed. In addition, the wind energy is a viable providing preferential Feed-in-Tariffs (FIT) and incentives energy source in India and has a potential to produce over (e.g., accelerated depreciation; tax holiday; renewable energy 100,000 MW by 2030. All new energy generation in India fund; initiatives for international partnerships/collaboration could be renewable and all pre-existing energy production incentives for new technologies; facilitate human resource could be converted to 100% renewable energy by 2050 development for solar revolution; zero import duty on capital while maintaining a reliable power supply, if all available equipment, raw materials and excise duty exemption; and renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, biomass provide low interest rate loans).and biogas are properly developed and utilized.
Fifth, phase out all energy subsidiaries. Force petroleum The Government of India is taking many measurable steps products to compete with other fuels, like biomass, biogas, toward improving infrastructure and power reliability, etc.including the development of renewable energy from solar and wind. But clearly more needs to be done, and fast. One Sixth, accelerate the development and implementation of step in the right direction has been the establishing of the cost-effective energy efficiency standards to reduce long term Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM), demand for energy. Engage states, industrial companies, which was launched in late 2009. However, the present utility companies, and other stakeholders to accelerate this JNNSM target of producing 10% of its energy - 20 GW by investment.2022 is inadequate. JNNSM needs to take bold steps with the help of central and state Governments to play a bigger Seventh, initiate a move to electrify automotive role in realizing India's solar energy potential. transportation or develop Electric Vehicle (EV) - plug-in
hybrids such as the Nissan Leaf or Chevy Volt, etc. Develop India needs a plan with the same spirit, boldness and the and implement time-of-day pricing to encourage charging of imagination of the Apollo program that put astronauts on cars at night. Adopt nationwide charging electric car from the moon. It's just like the case of personal computers, solar panels on your roof and solar-powered Electric Vehicle which were very expensive to begin with, but with mass charging stations around the country. Thousands of these production, the cost has come down dramatically. The solar-powered recharging stations can be sprouted up across technology is well established and available today for solar India, just like the present public call office (PCO) giving and wind energy. All that is needed now to make this birth to the “Green Revolution.” These recharging concept a reality is political commitment and appropriate connections can be deployed at highly concentrated areas investments and funding to harness the solar and wind including shopping malls, motels, restaurants, and public energy resource to reduce the India's dependence on fossil places where cars might be parked long enough to get a jolt of fuels. needed power for electric vehicles.
One step toward achieving this goal would be to start a Eighth, aggressively invest in a smart, two-way grid and nationwide solar initiative to facilitating growth in large micro-grid. Invest in smart meters; reliable networks that can scale deployment of 100 million solar roofs and large accommodate the two-way flow of electrons, and resilient utility-scale generation installations within the next 20 networks that do not result in cascading blackouts will be in a years. India can become a major player and international better position to accommodate the advanced generation leader in the solar energy for years to come. Now is the technologies of the future.time for the country to make the shift towards more sustainable renewable energy power sources. Ninth, develop large scale solar manufacturing in India (make
India as a global solar manufacturing hub). Promote and Here are 10 strategies that can implement, beginning establish utility scale solar generation parks and farms. Also, today: establish R&D facilities at academic, research institutions,
industry, Government and civil society to guide technology First, aggressively expand large-scale deployment of both development.centralized and distributed renewable energy including solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and geothermal to ease the Tenth, works towards a Hydrogen (H2) Economy strain on the present transmission and distribution system development plan (H2 as the fuel of the future). H2 can also be and reach more off-grid populations. Facilitate growth in fed into a fuel cell, a battery-like device that generates heat large scale deployment by installing 100 million solar and electricity. Develop fuel cell vehicles. Produce roofs and large utility-scale solar generation of both hydrogen using renewable energy with solar and wind power. centralized and distributed energy within the next 20 years. If done successfully, hydrogen and electricity will eventually
become society's primary energy carriers in the twenty-first Second, enact a National Renewable Energy century. Standard/Policy of 20% by 2020 to create demand, new industries and innovation, green jobs, etc. For more details see my publications: “Hydrogen Economy -
CPV installation at Nichols Farm in Hanford, California, USA
40
Waste to Energy
renewable distributed generation sources like solar, wind, How solar energy can work for Indiahydro, biomass, biogas, geothermal, hydrogen energy and fuel cells are the answers. These sources have the Solar is the prime free source of inexhaustible energy available advantage of permitting and empowering people at the to all of us in this universe. India is one of the Sun's most grassroots level and offer less need for distribution and favored nations, blessed with about 5000 TWh of solar transmission with little to no emissions. India should insolation every year. Even if a tenth of this potential was consider developing targets for electrification that include utilized, it could mark the end of India's power problems using
renewable off-grid options and/or renewable powered the country's deserts and farm land. India should tap this vast mini-grids. This will take the substantial electrical load off resource to satisfy its growing energy demand and time is of the the existing power grid and also reduce the need for essence. India could lead the world by embracing the power of installing additional transmission and distribution the sun, if smart business models and favorable policies are systems. developed and implemented nationwide as quickly as possible.
Deployment of large-scale solar and wind projects are Solar Energy has the potential to re-energize India's economy needed to begin a smooth transition off of fossil fuels, and by creating millions of new jobs, achieve energy independence, nuclear power that is harming both communities and the reduce the trade deficit and propel India forward as a “Green environment. India can use renewable energy for meeting Nation.” In short, solar offers too many benefits for India to all future energy needs because it is sustainable, locally ignore or delay its development. available free of charge, eco-friendly and eliminates global warming. India imports oil, coal, and natural gas and millions of rupees are spent on it but enormous renewable resources of solar
Wind Farm in Germany Arizona Solar Energy farm Concentrated Solar Energy Plant
41
and wind energy goes to waste because it remains unused. Third, develop favorable government policies to ease the permitting process and to provide start-up capital to promote
India's present generation capacity is about 186,000 MW. the exponential growth of renewable energy. Create and fund India could potentially increase grid-connected solar a national smart infrastructure bank for renewable energy. power generation capacity to of over 200,000 MW by the year 2030, if adequate resources and favorable policies can Fourth, accelerate local demand for renewable energy by be developed. In addition, the wind energy is a viable providing preferential Feed-in-Tariffs (FIT) and incentives energy source in India and has a potential to produce over (e.g., accelerated depreciation; tax holiday; renewable energy 100,000 MW by 2030. All new energy generation in India fund; initiatives for international partnerships/collaboration could be renewable and all pre-existing energy production incentives for new technologies; facilitate human resource could be converted to 100% renewable energy by 2050 development for solar revolution; zero import duty on capital while maintaining a reliable power supply, if all available equipment, raw materials and excise duty exemption; and renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, biomass provide low interest rate loans).and biogas are properly developed and utilized.
Fifth, phase out all energy subsidiaries. Force petroleum The Government of India is taking many measurable steps products to compete with other fuels, like biomass, biogas, toward improving infrastructure and power reliability, etc.including the development of renewable energy from solar and wind. But clearly more needs to be done, and fast. One Sixth, accelerate the development and implementation of step in the right direction has been the establishing of the cost-effective energy efficiency standards to reduce long term Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM), demand for energy. Engage states, industrial companies, which was launched in late 2009. However, the present utility companies, and other stakeholders to accelerate this JNNSM target of producing 10% of its energy - 20 GW by investment.2022 is inadequate. JNNSM needs to take bold steps with the help of central and state Governments to play a bigger Seventh, initiate a move to electrify automotive role in realizing India's solar energy potential. transportation or develop Electric Vehicle (EV) - plug-in
hybrids such as the Nissan Leaf or Chevy Volt, etc. Develop India needs a plan with the same spirit, boldness and the and implement time-of-day pricing to encourage charging of imagination of the Apollo program that put astronauts on cars at night. Adopt nationwide charging electric car from the moon. It's just like the case of personal computers, solar panels on your roof and solar-powered Electric Vehicle which were very expensive to begin with, but with mass charging stations around the country. Thousands of these production, the cost has come down dramatically. The solar-powered recharging stations can be sprouted up across technology is well established and available today for solar India, just like the present public call office (PCO) giving and wind energy. All that is needed now to make this birth to the “Green Revolution.” These recharging concept a reality is political commitment and appropriate connections can be deployed at highly concentrated areas investments and funding to harness the solar and wind including shopping malls, motels, restaurants, and public energy resource to reduce the India's dependence on fossil places where cars might be parked long enough to get a jolt of fuels. needed power for electric vehicles.
One step toward achieving this goal would be to start a Eighth, aggressively invest in a smart, two-way grid and nationwide solar initiative to facilitating growth in large micro-grid. Invest in smart meters; reliable networks that can scale deployment of 100 million solar roofs and large accommodate the two-way flow of electrons, and resilient utility-scale generation installations within the next 20 networks that do not result in cascading blackouts will be in a years. India can become a major player and international better position to accommodate the advanced generation leader in the solar energy for years to come. Now is the technologies of the future.time for the country to make the shift towards more sustainable renewable energy power sources. Ninth, develop large scale solar manufacturing in India (make
India as a global solar manufacturing hub). Promote and Here are 10 strategies that can implement, beginning establish utility scale solar generation parks and farms. Also, today: establish R&D facilities at academic, research institutions,
industry, Government and civil society to guide technology First, aggressively expand large-scale deployment of both development.centralized and distributed renewable energy including solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and geothermal to ease the Tenth, works towards a Hydrogen (H2) Economy strain on the present transmission and distribution system development plan (H2 as the fuel of the future). H2 can also be and reach more off-grid populations. Facilitate growth in fed into a fuel cell, a battery-like device that generates heat large scale deployment by installing 100 million solar and electricity. Develop fuel cell vehicles. Produce roofs and large utility-scale solar generation of both hydrogen using renewable energy with solar and wind power. centralized and distributed energy within the next 20 years. If done successfully, hydrogen and electricity will eventually
become society's primary energy carriers in the twenty-first Second, enact a National Renewable Energy century. Standard/Policy of 20% by 2020 to create demand, new industries and innovation, green jobs, etc. For more details see my publications: “Hydrogen Economy -
CPV installation at Nichols Farm in Hanford, California, USA
42
A Revolutionary Vision for the Future of Energy,” and resources, and we must accelerate the deployment of “How to Eliminate America's Addiction to Oil.” renewable energy.
Benefits of Renewable Energy India can ramp up its effort to develop and implement large utility-scale solar energy farms to meet India's economic
1. Create millions of new good paying jobs development goals. Solar energy will create energy 2. Renewable energy is environmentally friendly independence and bring potentially enormous environmental 3. Zero emissions while generating electricity or
benefits. Both issues have a direct influence on national heat
security and the health of the Indian economy. India needs a 4. Boost the rural economy by providing much
radical transformation of its energy system to the use of needed energy for basic needs at affordable
renewable energy, especially solar to “End Power Grid prices
Outages.” 5. Avoid the high costs new transmission capacity 6. Avoid distribution losses
By using renewable resources India can realize its full 7. Avoid recurring fuel cost economic potential and achieve its key social, political, and 8. Enable rural village co-operatives to supply their environmental objectives. The Indian Government should own powerdevelop favorable government policies to ease the permitting 9. Renewable Energy bring gains for Indian process and to provide start-up capital to promote the economy by way of Clean Development exponential growth of Solar Energy to make India's bright Mechanism (CDM) projects future. The favorable renewable energy policy could create economic stimulus of at least $1 trillion and perhaps much Conclusionmore if all indirect economic (ripple) effects are included.
Solar energy represents a bright spot on India's economic "India is the Saudi Arabia of renewable energy sources and, if future. If India makes a massive switch from coal, oil, properly utilized, India can realize its place in the world as a natural gas and nuclear power plants to solar energy, it is great power," said Jeremy Rifkin, an economist and activist, possible that 70% of India's electricity and 35% of its total in New Delhi in January 2012, “but political will is required energy could be solar-powered by 2030. Excess daytime for the eventual shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy.”energy can be stored in various forms such as molten or
All that is required is the political will for the eventual shift liquid salt (a mixture of sodium nitrate and potassium from fossil fuels to renewable energy. India could potentially nitrate), compressed air, pumped hydro, hydrogen, battery increase grid-connected solar power generation capacity to storage, etc., which would be used as an energy source over 200,000 MW by 2030, if adequate resources and during nighttime hours. favorable policies can be developed.
Solar Energy will be competitive with coal as improved Solar Energy is a game-changer for India: It has the potential and efficient Photovoltaic (PV), Concentrated Solar Power to re-energize India's economy by creating millions of new (CSP), and Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV), enter the jobs, achieve energy independence, reduce the trade deficit market. I predict that solar farming advancements and and propel India forward as a “Green Nation.” Solar energy growth would empower India's rural economies. To take offers too many benefits for India to ignore or delay its advantage of low cost renewable solar energy, companies development. will move their operations from urban areas to rural areas
due to cheaper land and labor within the solar belt.The views and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the writer and are not intended to represent the views I personally think there are no technological or economic or policies of the United States Department of Energy. The barriers to supplying almost 100% of India's energy article was not prepared as part of the writer's official duties at demand through the use of renewable energy from solar, the United States Department of Energy. wind, hydro and biogas by 2050. It's time to recognize that
our energy must ultimately come from renewable
Darshan Goswami has over 35 years of experience in the energy field. He is working for United States
Department of Energy (DOE) as a Project Manager in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He retired as Chief of
Energy Forecasting and Renewable Energy from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
in Washington, DC. Earlier, he worked for 30 years at Duquesne Light Company, an electric utility
company in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. He is a registered Professional Electrical Engineer with a passion and
commitment to promote, develop and deploy Renewable Energy Resources and the Hydrogen
Economy). His contact email: [email protected]
43
“While the massive blackouts in India are focusing attention on the opportunities for clean power in India, the country already has many solar projects under way. Here are some of the most notable and promising efforts”
“Ind ia ' s mass i ve gr id blackouts this month have been the subject of much debate and much concern and from a clean power perspective, highlights a market where there is much opportunity. But there are actually a good deal of projects in India that are already focused on installing solar projects, both for rural villages and larger utility-scale programs”
2) One of India's first megawatt-scale rooftop solar projects: Azure Power, a startup run by entrepreneur Inderpreet Wadhwa, is developing a project that puts solar panels on dozens of rooftops and shares revenues from power sales with the building owners. Five-year-old Azure is venture capital backed and engineers, builds and operates its own power projects and sells the electricity to utilities. Most 1) Solar-power microgrid service in rural villages: Startup
Mera Gao Power wants to have a total of 70 villages electrified with its solar panels, cell phone charging service, and distribution lines by the end of 2012. Co-founders Jaisinghani and Brian Shaad have been working on these projects for about two years, and their business innovation was to sell the solar power as a service. One micro-grid system that can electrify about 50 households costs $1,200 and includes two solar panels, two batteries and four distribution lines. The villages agree to have the system installed and then households in the villages pay about Rs.25 per week for the service (the cost of kerosene for lanterns can be around Rs. 30 per week). The system starts to pay for itself after a certain period of time.
of the at least 56 MW worth of solar projects that Azure has built are ground-mounted projects, but more recently Azure won this deal to build part of a huge rooftop system in the Gujarat state government. Azure plans to install solar panels on over 60 rooftops and complete the project by March 2013.
3) 600 MW of solar in Gujarat: The Indian state of Gujarat in April threw a big party to celebrate the commissioning of 600 MW of solar energy projects over a year. Much of that occurred (214 MW) from a solar park in the Patan district. But over 50 companies have built solar power projects in Gujarat, including SunEdison, Tata Power, Lanco Solar, Moser Baer, Adani Enterprises and GMR Gujarat Solar Power.
10 solar projects in India that can help fight grid blackouts By Katie Fehrenbacher
42
A Revolutionary Vision for the Future of Energy,” and resources, and we must accelerate the deployment of “How to Eliminate America's Addiction to Oil.” renewable energy.
Benefits of Renewable Energy India can ramp up its effort to develop and implement large utility-scale solar energy farms to meet India's economic
1. Create millions of new good paying jobs development goals. Solar energy will create energy 2. Renewable energy is environmentally friendly independence and bring potentially enormous environmental 3. Zero emissions while generating electricity or
benefits. Both issues have a direct influence on national heat
security and the health of the Indian economy. India needs a 4. Boost the rural economy by providing much
radical transformation of its energy system to the use of needed energy for basic needs at affordable
renewable energy, especially solar to “End Power Grid prices
Outages.” 5. Avoid the high costs new transmission capacity 6. Avoid distribution losses
By using renewable resources India can realize its full 7. Avoid recurring fuel cost economic potential and achieve its key social, political, and 8. Enable rural village co-operatives to supply their environmental objectives. The Indian Government should own powerdevelop favorable government policies to ease the permitting 9. Renewable Energy bring gains for Indian process and to provide start-up capital to promote the economy by way of Clean Development exponential growth of Solar Energy to make India's bright Mechanism (CDM) projects future. The favorable renewable energy policy could create economic stimulus of at least $1 trillion and perhaps much Conclusionmore if all indirect economic (ripple) effects are included.
Solar energy represents a bright spot on India's economic "India is the Saudi Arabia of renewable energy sources and, if future. If India makes a massive switch from coal, oil, properly utilized, India can realize its place in the world as a natural gas and nuclear power plants to solar energy, it is great power," said Jeremy Rifkin, an economist and activist, possible that 70% of India's electricity and 35% of its total in New Delhi in January 2012, “but political will is required energy could be solar-powered by 2030. Excess daytime for the eventual shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy.”energy can be stored in various forms such as molten or
All that is required is the political will for the eventual shift liquid salt (a mixture of sodium nitrate and potassium from fossil fuels to renewable energy. India could potentially nitrate), compressed air, pumped hydro, hydrogen, battery increase grid-connected solar power generation capacity to storage, etc., which would be used as an energy source over 200,000 MW by 2030, if adequate resources and during nighttime hours. favorable policies can be developed.
Solar Energy will be competitive with coal as improved Solar Energy is a game-changer for India: It has the potential and efficient Photovoltaic (PV), Concentrated Solar Power to re-energize India's economy by creating millions of new (CSP), and Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV), enter the jobs, achieve energy independence, reduce the trade deficit market. I predict that solar farming advancements and and propel India forward as a “Green Nation.” Solar energy growth would empower India's rural economies. To take offers too many benefits for India to ignore or delay its advantage of low cost renewable solar energy, companies development. will move their operations from urban areas to rural areas
due to cheaper land and labor within the solar belt.The views and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the writer and are not intended to represent the views I personally think there are no technological or economic or policies of the United States Department of Energy. The barriers to supplying almost 100% of India's energy article was not prepared as part of the writer's official duties at demand through the use of renewable energy from solar, the United States Department of Energy. wind, hydro and biogas by 2050. It's time to recognize that
our energy must ultimately come from renewable
Darshan Goswami has over 35 years of experience in the energy field. He is working for United States
Department of Energy (DOE) as a Project Manager in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He retired as Chief of
Energy Forecasting and Renewable Energy from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
in Washington, DC. Earlier, he worked for 30 years at Duquesne Light Company, an electric utility
company in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. He is a registered Professional Electrical Engineer with a passion and
commitment to promote, develop and deploy Renewable Energy Resources and the Hydrogen
Economy). His contact email: [email protected]
43
“While the massive blackouts in India are focusing attention on the opportunities for clean power in India, the country already has many solar projects under way. Here are some of the most notable and promising efforts”
“Ind ia ' s mass i ve gr id blackouts this month have been the subject of much debate and much concern and from a clean power perspective, highlights a market where there is much opportunity. But there are actually a good deal of projects in India that are already focused on installing solar projects, both for rural villages and larger utility-scale programs”
2) One of India's first megawatt-scale rooftop solar projects: Azure Power, a startup run by entrepreneur Inderpreet Wadhwa, is developing a project that puts solar panels on dozens of rooftops and shares revenues from power sales with the building owners. Five-year-old Azure is venture capital backed and engineers, builds and operates its own power projects and sells the electricity to utilities. Most 1) Solar-power microgrid service in rural villages: Startup
Mera Gao Power wants to have a total of 70 villages electrified with its solar panels, cell phone charging service, and distribution lines by the end of 2012. Co-founders Jaisinghani and Brian Shaad have been working on these projects for about two years, and their business innovation was to sell the solar power as a service. One micro-grid system that can electrify about 50 households costs $1,200 and includes two solar panels, two batteries and four distribution lines. The villages agree to have the system installed and then households in the villages pay about Rs.25 per week for the service (the cost of kerosene for lanterns can be around Rs. 30 per week). The system starts to pay for itself after a certain period of time.
of the at least 56 MW worth of solar projects that Azure has built are ground-mounted projects, but more recently Azure won this deal to build part of a huge rooftop system in the Gujarat state government. Azure plans to install solar panels on over 60 rooftops and complete the project by March 2013.
3) 600 MW of solar in Gujarat: The Indian state of Gujarat in April threw a big party to celebrate the commissioning of 600 MW of solar energy projects over a year. Much of that occurred (214 MW) from a solar park in the Patan district. But over 50 companies have built solar power projects in Gujarat, including SunEdison, Tata Power, Lanco Solar, Moser Baer, Adani Enterprises and GMR Gujarat Solar Power.
10 solar projects in India that can help fight grid blackouts By Katie Fehrenbacher
44
powered irrigation pumps to Indian farmers.
8) Solar lanterns: Startup D.light recently celebrated its fifth anniversary and the company has reached the goal of 7 million people using its solar-powered products in 40 countries. The company says sales growth between May 2011 and 2012 was 400% and D.light focuses on India and countries in Africa. The company is backed by Indian VC firm Nexus Venture Partners, Indian conglomerate the Mahindra Group, venture firm DFJ, and others.
9) Giant solar thermal projects: Areva Solar is building a 250 MW solar thermal project in the northwestern part of India (in the state of Rajasthan) that will use mirrors to concentrate sunshine onto water filled tubes to produce steam steam that will drive a turbine and make electricity. The project is supposed to be half way done by spring 2013.
4) The aspirational country goal: The National Solar Mission in January 2010 set a goal of installing 20 GW of grid-connected solar and 2 GW of off-grid solar by 2022 that's 3% of the country's power using solar by 2022. This has led to auctions won by developers at rock bottom prices (almost too low to get them done profitably). Individual states also have their own solar plans.
5) SunEdison experimenting with rural projects, too: While project developer SunEdison has brought 45 MW of solar projects in Gujarat online, it is also looking at how it can make solar panel projects work in rural villages. Its project will focus on building a business model for designing, installing and managing solar systems for 29 villages in India's Guna District. The 29 projects will be funded through a combo of government grants and private funds from other investors and corporations.
6) Selling solar like cell phone service: Startup Simpa Networks has developed a home solar panel product for off-grid customers controlled by a mobile, pay-as-you-go system. Customers pay for only the electricity produced by the solar panel at their home, in addition to a small upfront payment for the system. The basic solar system is 25 watts to 50 watts, which can power a couple of CFL lights, a mobile phone charger and maybe a fan or a TV cable box.
10) Solar for cooking, heating, making stuff: A company 7) Solar teaming up with water use: One of SunEdison's
called Flareum sells solar concentrating systems that can be solar projects is a 1 MW installation over nearly half a mile of
used for cooking, and for producing steam and heat for the Narmada Canal in the state of Gujarat. It will produce
industrial applications. Siemens is using some of the solar electricity and conserve land and water. Other companies are
systems at factories in Bangalore.looking to sell solar-powered projects to the agricultural and water industries. Claro Energy is looking to sell solar-
Katie is a Senior Writer & Features Editor for GigaOM and has been covering cutting-edge technology, startups and innovators in Silicon Valley for close to a decade. She launched GigaOM's greentech channel in 2007 and closely tracks energy entrepreneurs and investors.
Harvard scientists create hydrogen fuel cell that lasts longer
45
S o l a r p a n e l s i n p o o r v i l l a g e s a n d
neighbourhoods could be the best way to the
billion people without access to electricity
Sharan Pinto installs a solar panel on the rooftop of a house
in Nada, a village near Mangalore. Photograph: Rafiq
Maqbool/AP
enormous, and the potential leverage game changing.
The cost of coal and copper the ingredients of conventional
grid power are soaring. Meanwhile, the cost of solar panels
and LEDs, the ingredients of distributed renewable power,
are racing down even faster.
If we want the poor to benefit from electricity we cannot wait
After the Durban talks last month, climate realists must face for the grid, and we cannot rely on fossil fuels. The
the reality that "shared sacrifice," however necessary International Energy Agency, historically a grid-centric,
eventually, has proven a catastrophically bad starting point establishment voice, admits that half of those without
for global collaboration. Nations have already spent decades electricity today will never be wired. The government of
debating who was going to give up how much first in India estimates that two-thirds of its non-electrified
exchange for what. So we need to seek opportunities arenas households need distributed power.
where there are advantages, not penalties, for those who first Fortunately, the historic barriers to getting distributed take action both to achieve first-round emission reductions renewable power to scale in poor villages and neighborhoods and to build trust and cooperation.are rapidly being dismantled by progress in technology,
One of the major opportunities lies in providing energy finance, and business models. Getting 1.2 billion people local
access for the more than 1.2 billion people who don't have solar power they can afford is within grasp if we only think
electricity, most of whom, in business-as-usual scenarios, about the problem in a different way. In fact, the world can
still won't have it in 2030. These are the poorest people on the finish this job by 2020.
planet. Ironically, the world's poorest can best afford the most The poor already pay for light. They pay for kerosene and sophisticated lighting off-grid combinations of solar panels, candles. And they pay a lot. The poorest fifth of the world
power electronics, and LED lights. And this creates an pays one-fifth of the world's lighting bill but receives only
opportunity for which the economics are compelling, the 0.1 percent of the lighting benefits. Over a decade, the moral urgency profound, the development benefits
How solar power can help the billion people without electricityBy Staff Writer
Katie Fehrenbacher
44
powered irrigation pumps to Indian farmers.
8) Solar lanterns: Startup D.light recently celebrated its fifth anniversary and the company has reached the goal of 7 million people using its solar-powered products in 40 countries. The company says sales growth between May 2011 and 2012 was 400% and D.light focuses on India and countries in Africa. The company is backed by Indian VC firm Nexus Venture Partners, Indian conglomerate the Mahindra Group, venture firm DFJ, and others.
9) Giant solar thermal projects: Areva Solar is building a 250 MW solar thermal project in the northwestern part of India (in the state of Rajasthan) that will use mirrors to concentrate sunshine onto water filled tubes to produce steam steam that will drive a turbine and make electricity. The project is supposed to be half way done by spring 2013.
4) The aspirational country goal: The National Solar Mission in January 2010 set a goal of installing 20 GW of grid-connected solar and 2 GW of off-grid solar by 2022 that's 3% of the country's power using solar by 2022. This has led to auctions won by developers at rock bottom prices (almost too low to get them done profitably). Individual states also have their own solar plans.
5) SunEdison experimenting with rural projects, too: While project developer SunEdison has brought 45 MW of solar projects in Gujarat online, it is also looking at how it can make solar panel projects work in rural villages. Its project will focus on building a business model for designing, installing and managing solar systems for 29 villages in India's Guna District. The 29 projects will be funded through a combo of government grants and private funds from other investors and corporations.
6) Selling solar like cell phone service: Startup Simpa Networks has developed a home solar panel product for off-grid customers controlled by a mobile, pay-as-you-go system. Customers pay for only the electricity produced by the solar panel at their home, in addition to a small upfront payment for the system. The basic solar system is 25 watts to 50 watts, which can power a couple of CFL lights, a mobile phone charger and maybe a fan or a TV cable box.
10) Solar for cooking, heating, making stuff: A company 7) Solar teaming up with water use: One of SunEdison's
called Flareum sells solar concentrating systems that can be solar projects is a 1 MW installation over nearly half a mile of
used for cooking, and for producing steam and heat for the Narmada Canal in the state of Gujarat. It will produce
industrial applications. Siemens is using some of the solar electricity and conserve land and water. Other companies are
systems at factories in Bangalore.looking to sell solar-powered projects to the agricultural and water industries. Claro Energy is looking to sell solar-
Katie is a Senior Writer & Features Editor for GigaOM and has been covering cutting-edge technology, startups and innovators in Silicon Valley for close to a decade. She launched GigaOM's greentech channel in 2007 and closely tracks energy entrepreneurs and investors.
Harvard scientists create hydrogen fuel cell that lasts longer
45
S o l a r p a n e l s i n p o o r v i l l a g e s a n d
neighbourhoods could be the best way to the
billion people without access to electricity
Sharan Pinto installs a solar panel on the rooftop of a house
in Nada, a village near Mangalore. Photograph: Rafiq
Maqbool/AP
enormous, and the potential leverage game changing.
The cost of coal and copper the ingredients of conventional
grid power are soaring. Meanwhile, the cost of solar panels
and LEDs, the ingredients of distributed renewable power,
are racing down even faster.
If we want the poor to benefit from electricity we cannot wait
After the Durban talks last month, climate realists must face for the grid, and we cannot rely on fossil fuels. The
the reality that "shared sacrifice," however necessary International Energy Agency, historically a grid-centric,
eventually, has proven a catastrophically bad starting point establishment voice, admits that half of those without
for global collaboration. Nations have already spent decades electricity today will never be wired. The government of
debating who was going to give up how much first in India estimates that two-thirds of its non-electrified
exchange for what. So we need to seek opportunities arenas households need distributed power.
where there are advantages, not penalties, for those who first Fortunately, the historic barriers to getting distributed take action both to achieve first-round emission reductions renewable power to scale in poor villages and neighborhoods and to build trust and cooperation.are rapidly being dismantled by progress in technology,
One of the major opportunities lies in providing energy finance, and business models. Getting 1.2 billion people local
access for the more than 1.2 billion people who don't have solar power they can afford is within grasp if we only think
electricity, most of whom, in business-as-usual scenarios, about the problem in a different way. In fact, the world can
still won't have it in 2030. These are the poorest people on the finish this job by 2020.
planet. Ironically, the world's poorest can best afford the most The poor already pay for light. They pay for kerosene and sophisticated lighting off-grid combinations of solar panels, candles. And they pay a lot. The poorest fifth of the world
power electronics, and LED lights. And this creates an pays one-fifth of the world's lighting bill but receives only
opportunity for which the economics are compelling, the 0.1 percent of the lighting benefits. Over a decade, the moral urgency profound, the development benefits
How solar power can help the billion people without electricityBy Staff Writer
Katie Fehrenbacher
46
average poor family spends $1,800 on energy expenditures. hundreds of thousands of rural, off-grid cell towers powered Replacing kerosene with a vastly superior 40 Wp (Watts by diesel at a price of about $0.70/kilowatt hour. All over the peak) home solar system would cost only $300 and provide world cell-phone towers are being converted from diesel to them not only light, but access to cell-phone charging, fans, hybrid renewable power sources. So cell phone companies computers, and even televisions. have a powerful motivation to get renewable power into rural
areas, to get electricity to their customers, and to charge for Kerosene costs 25 to 30% of a family's income globally that electricity through their mobile phone payment systems.amounts to $36 billion a year. The poor do not use kerosene because it is cheap they are kept poor in significant part At least three commercial models have been launched in the because they must rely on expensive, dirty kerosene. And the last several months. India's Simpa Networks in partnership poor pay in other ways. A room lit by kerosene typically can with SELCO in India and DT-Power in Ghana, India and have concentrations of pollution 10 times safe levels. About Kenya are testing models in which solar distributors can 1.5 million people, mostly women, die of this pollution every allow customers to pay for electricity through mobile year, in addition to those who die from burns in fires. banking "pay as you go" plans. Zimbabwe's Econet Power
has launched an even more intriguing model, in which it So why do the poor use kerosene? Because they can buy a provides its cell-phone customers with solar power as a single day's worth in a bottle, if that is all they can afford. For customer benefit, charging them only $1 week to use a home the poor, affordability has three dimensions: total cost, up- solar system provided by Econet, with the bills tied to the front price, and payment flexibility. Solar power comes in a customer's cell phone account.panel that will give ten, or even 20, years of light and power but the poor cannot afford a ten-year investment up front. And UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon has proclaimed 2012 the many cannot handle conventional finance plans, which Year of Universal Energy Access. Imagine that at Rio, instead require fixed payments regardless of their income that month. of embracing business-as-usual solutions to energy access,
the world decided to empower the poor with the electricity So lighting the lives of 1.2 billion people with off-grid they can truly afford distributed solar?renewable electricity requires three ingredients:
What would the benefits be? In carbon terms alone, kerosene Capital to pay for solar or other renewable electrical for lighting emits almost as much greenhouse-gas pollution
generation for 400 million households that depend on as the entire British economy. 1.5 million lives a year would kerosene; be saved from respiratory ailments. The available income for
Business models for those households to pay for the the world's poorest fifth would be increased by 25 to 30% a pretty big development bang-for-the-buck. Numerous electricity they use, at the price it really costs, which is a lot studies have shown that providing basic energy access less than kerosene;
Financing, public policy, and partnerships to create the increases household income by 50 percent or more by providing more time and opportunities for home-based supply chains and distribution networks capable of getting income generation.distributed electrical systems to every household that needs
them. (These needs might require $6 billion in credits and But the leverage is actually much greater. If one-fifth of the loan guarantees.)world is on solar, as these people prosper and can afford more electricity, they are going to expand solar systems, rather than The money is on the table. It's just on the wrong plates. turning to coal or nuclear. Their neighbors include the one-Purchase and finance of solar power for 1.2 billion people third of humanity with "spasmodic" electricity wires that in would cost about $10 billion a year over a decade. The 11 rural areas work only at night, and in urban areas go down in countries with the largest number of households without the afternoon. These customers would find distributed solar electricity spent $80 billion each year subsidizing fossil fuel far more reliable than the current grid. If we add those 2 only 17% of which benefits the poor. In 2010, the World Bank billion to the 1.2 billion who are not on the grid, virtually half spent $8 billion on coal-fired power plants, few of which of humanity could be turning to renewable power as the provided meaningful energy access to the poor. The UN's cheapest, most reliable and most available form of energy. Clean Development Mechanism is proposing to give $4 The fossil fuel interests would lose completely their current billion a year to anything-but-clean coal-plants. So there is moral argument that more carbon will power the poor.already far more capital in the system than is needed.
That, I would argue is a phenomenal game-changer and a Even five years ago the business models did not exist to powerful first step in building a trusting, low-carbon enable the poor to afford solar. Solar was much more coalition of rich and poor nations. And that coalition could expensive. The only alternative to buying a solar system with lay the groundwork for the more challenging global efforts cash was a bank or micro-credit loan for which most of the that will be needed to stabilize and eventually restore the poor could not qualify.climate.
But the combination of dirt-cheap solar, the cell-phone (Courtesy: Carl Pope for Yale Environment 360, part of the revolution, and mobile phone banking has changed Guardian Environment Network, Guardian.Co.U.K.)everything. There are almost 600 million cell-phone
customers without electricity using their phones very little, still spending $10 billion to charge them in town. There are
*
*
*
46
average poor family spends $1,800 on energy expenditures. hundreds of thousands of rural, off-grid cell towers powered Replacing kerosene with a vastly superior 40 Wp (Watts by diesel at a price of about $0.70/kilowatt hour. All over the peak) home solar system would cost only $300 and provide world cell-phone towers are being converted from diesel to them not only light, but access to cell-phone charging, fans, hybrid renewable power sources. So cell phone companies computers, and even televisions. have a powerful motivation to get renewable power into rural
areas, to get electricity to their customers, and to charge for Kerosene costs 25 to 30% of a family's income globally that electricity through their mobile phone payment systems.amounts to $36 billion a year. The poor do not use kerosene because it is cheap they are kept poor in significant part At least three commercial models have been launched in the because they must rely on expensive, dirty kerosene. And the last several months. India's Simpa Networks in partnership poor pay in other ways. A room lit by kerosene typically can with SELCO in India and DT-Power in Ghana, India and have concentrations of pollution 10 times safe levels. About Kenya are testing models in which solar distributors can 1.5 million people, mostly women, die of this pollution every allow customers to pay for electricity through mobile year, in addition to those who die from burns in fires. banking "pay as you go" plans. Zimbabwe's Econet Power
has launched an even more intriguing model, in which it So why do the poor use kerosene? Because they can buy a provides its cell-phone customers with solar power as a single day's worth in a bottle, if that is all they can afford. For customer benefit, charging them only $1 week to use a home the poor, affordability has three dimensions: total cost, up- solar system provided by Econet, with the bills tied to the front price, and payment flexibility. Solar power comes in a customer's cell phone account.panel that will give ten, or even 20, years of light and power but the poor cannot afford a ten-year investment up front. And UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon has proclaimed 2012 the many cannot handle conventional finance plans, which Year of Universal Energy Access. Imagine that at Rio, instead require fixed payments regardless of their income that month. of embracing business-as-usual solutions to energy access,
the world decided to empower the poor with the electricity So lighting the lives of 1.2 billion people with off-grid they can truly afford distributed solar?renewable electricity requires three ingredients:
What would the benefits be? In carbon terms alone, kerosene Capital to pay for solar or other renewable electrical for lighting emits almost as much greenhouse-gas pollution
generation for 400 million households that depend on as the entire British economy. 1.5 million lives a year would kerosene; be saved from respiratory ailments. The available income for
Business models for those households to pay for the the world's poorest fifth would be increased by 25 to 30% a pretty big development bang-for-the-buck. Numerous electricity they use, at the price it really costs, which is a lot studies have shown that providing basic energy access less than kerosene;
Financing, public policy, and partnerships to create the increases household income by 50 percent or more by providing more time and opportunities for home-based supply chains and distribution networks capable of getting income generation.distributed electrical systems to every household that needs
them. (These needs might require $6 billion in credits and But the leverage is actually much greater. If one-fifth of the loan guarantees.)world is on solar, as these people prosper and can afford more electricity, they are going to expand solar systems, rather than The money is on the table. It's just on the wrong plates. turning to coal or nuclear. Their neighbors include the one-Purchase and finance of solar power for 1.2 billion people third of humanity with "spasmodic" electricity wires that in would cost about $10 billion a year over a decade. The 11 rural areas work only at night, and in urban areas go down in countries with the largest number of households without the afternoon. These customers would find distributed solar electricity spent $80 billion each year subsidizing fossil fuel far more reliable than the current grid. If we add those 2 only 17% of which benefits the poor. In 2010, the World Bank billion to the 1.2 billion who are not on the grid, virtually half spent $8 billion on coal-fired power plants, few of which of humanity could be turning to renewable power as the provided meaningful energy access to the poor. The UN's cheapest, most reliable and most available form of energy. Clean Development Mechanism is proposing to give $4 The fossil fuel interests would lose completely their current billion a year to anything-but-clean coal-plants. So there is moral argument that more carbon will power the poor.already far more capital in the system than is needed.
That, I would argue is a phenomenal game-changer and a Even five years ago the business models did not exist to powerful first step in building a trusting, low-carbon enable the poor to afford solar. Solar was much more coalition of rich and poor nations. And that coalition could expensive. The only alternative to buying a solar system with lay the groundwork for the more challenging global efforts cash was a bank or micro-credit loan for which most of the that will be needed to stabilize and eventually restore the poor could not qualify.climate.
But the combination of dirt-cheap solar, the cell-phone (Courtesy: Carl Pope for Yale Environment 360, part of the revolution, and mobile phone banking has changed Guardian Environment Network, Guardian.Co.U.K.)everything. There are almost 600 million cell-phone
customers without electricity using their phones very little, still spending $10 billion to charge them in town. There are
*
*
*
