Eradication of the Tsetse Fly with the Sterile Insect Technique: the example of Senegal

29th FAO Regional Conference for Africa, Abidjan, 06 April 2016The FAO-IAEA Partnership - Successes in Nuclear Applications

F. Bouyer, A. Dicko, M.T. Seck, B. Sall, M. Lo, M. Vreysen, E. Chia, A. Wane, J. Bouyer

Context

X X

Phases of the tsetse eradication project in the Niayes of Senegal

2005-2007 Discussions between DSV & FAO-IAEA -> strong political will of Senegal to control tsetse & trypanosomosis

2007-2010 Feasibility study: target area of 1000 km2 delimited and isolation status confirmed

2010-2011 Pre-operational phase (pupae transport, competitiveness, survival, dispersal)

2011-2016 Operational phase: sequential eradication

The team

ISRA/CIRADOperational

ResearchInsectarium

Direction of Vet Services

Coordination of the project

Coordination cell

1 meeting / month

Vet agentsEntomological surveys

Suppression

Dedicated personalEntomological surveys

SIT

Field results

Adaptive Management

Joint FAO/IAEA Division of

Nuclear Techniques in

Food and Agriculture

Technical advice

IAEA Department of

Technical Cooperation

Technology transfer + financial support

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

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Blocks

1

2

3

Programme of sequential eradication

Dakar

Kayar

Thiès

Pout

Bargny

Sebikotane

zonesurveillance par blocks

1 (11)2 (21)3a (12)3b (11)

Suppression

Entomological monitoringEradication

Suppression using insecticide-treated targets and cattleEradication using aerial release of sterile males

Control Strategy

Dicko, A.H., et al. (2014) Using species distribution models to optimize vector control: the tsetse eradication campaign in Senegal. PNAS.

Impact of the Sterile Insect Technique on tsetse population

1-3,4 insecticide impregnated targets/km2

+10 and 100 sterile

males/km2

unsuitable vs suitable habitat

respectively

SIT

SIT

Distribution of the costs by partner (left) and component (right).Bouyer F, Seck MT, Dicko AH, Sall B, et al. (2014) Ex-ante Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Elimination of a Glossina palpalis gambiensis Population in the Niayes of Senegal. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8(8): e3112. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003112http://www.plosntd.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003112

Estimated cost of the eradication project~ 6.4 million Euro until 2016 (~€ 6400/km2)

Evaluation of the Benefits3 farming systems based on different cattle breeds

One traditional system based on trypanotolerant cattleannual cattle sales €74 (s.d. 38) per head

Two other livestock keeping systems using more productive breeds (improved meat & improved milk production)annual cattle sales were € 250 (s.d. 513) per

headherd size 45% smaller

Comparison of the total costs of the project and increase in global cattle sales per year (year 1 = 2007)

Bouyer F, Seck MT, Dicko AH, Sall B, et al. (2014) Ex-ante Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Elimination of a Glossina palpalis gambiensis Population in the Niayes of Senegal. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8(8): e3112. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003112http://www.plosntd.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003112

Rate of Return (IRR) of 9.8% and payback period of 18 years

Rate of Return (IRR) of 19.1% and payback period of 13 years

ConclusionsBenefits of the campaign already huge Change in sanitary context already perceived

-> strong innovation anticipatedThe change of socio-technical regime

accelerated after the eradication processReduction of cattle size and integration

between agriculture and cattle breeding promoted

The Senegal project still needs to find ~800 k€ to complete eradication

Thanks!