EQUIVA Construction Camp A Joint Project Among: Shell Texas A&M Construction Science Texas...

EQUIVAConstruction Camp

A Joint Project Among:

Shell

Texas A&M Construction Science

Texas Engineering Extension Service

Texaco

DAY 4: AFTERNOON

Dr. JOHN BRYANT

EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC

PLUMBING

• Objectives» Materials

» Code Considerations

» Plumbing• potable water supply

• Drain/Waste/Vent

» Drawing Interpretation• plan

• riser diagrams


General

• Potable - drinking water

• Hard - high calcium carbonate content, prefer < 200 ppm» softening improves sudsing -

zeolite treatment

• Flow Rate - gpm

• Head Pressure - column of water 1 foot high» 0.434 psi/ft (62.5/144)

• Mains Pressure - typ. 40 - 80 psi» pressure regulator, backflow

preventer

• Fixture Pressure - pressure required to operate a plumbing fixture

• Fixture Unit (FU); Drainage Fixture Unit (DFU)» weighted flow demand for a

plumbing fixture for supply (FU) and waste (DFU)


Codes

• IPC and UPC - Which one?» International Plumbing Code is Endorsed by;

• Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA)

• International Conference of Building Code Officials (ICBO)

• Southern Building Code Conference International (SBCCI)


Codes

• UPC and IPC - Which one?» Uniform Plumbing and Uniform Mechanical

Codes are Endorsed by;• International Association of Plumbing and

Mechanical Officials (IAMPO)

• ICBO

• Key Point is to Make Sure You Know Which One is in Effect for Your Project!


Materials and Methods

• Plumbing Design is Concerned with Piping Connections to Equipment» Water Service Pipes - copper, plastic, galvanized iron

» Water Distribution Pipe - copper, plastic, galvanized

» Above Ground Drainage and Vent Pipe - cast iron, type K, L, M, or DWV copper, galvanized, plastic

» Underground Building Drainage Pipe - plastic, cast iron

» Building Sewer Pipe - asbestos cement, cast iron, concrete, plastic, vitrified clay

» Building Storm Sewer Pipe - asbestos cement, cast iron, concrete, type K, L, M, or DWV copper, vitrified clay


Piping

• HVAC and Plumbing Systems Have Common Types» Steel

• Galvanized and Black (gas) - fittings and welded

» Copper - usually soldered fittings• Type K, L, M

» Plastic• PVC (polyvinyl chloride)

• PB (polybutylene, grey)

• FRP (fiberglass-reinforced plastic)

• CPVC (chlorinated PVC)

• PE (polyethylene)


Corrosion Protection

• Use Di-Electric fittings to avoid Galvanic Corrosion, (especially on brass/iron connections)

• Plastics are the only Pipe Materials that are simultaneously light, flexible, tough, and corrosion resistant


Hardware

• Valves» Gate; shutoff /

isolation

» Ball; regulate flow

» Check; allows flow in one direction only

» Pressure Reducing

» Hose Bib; valve with hose connection

• Fittings & Accessories» Elbows, Tees, Flanges,

Couplings, Unions

» Air Management; air entrained in water can lead to “locks” in system

» Hammer Arrestor

» Trap Primer


Fixtures

• Water Closet (WC)» vitreous china w/integral trap» wall and floor mount models» flush valve (commercial,

ready for immediate reuse)

• Water Cooler/Drinking Fountain» individual fountain w/self

contained water cooling units

• Sinks» lavatory, service, kitchen

• Urinal» similar to WC, siphon-jet,

blowout, washdown, wall mount


Drain, Waste, Vent - DWV

• General Items» Floor Drain Vent Within 12 ft. of Drain

» No Drain Should Empty into a Smaller Drain

» Vent at Least 1/2 Diameter of Drain to Which it is Connected

» Not > 25% of Vent Length can be Horizontal

» Good to Use 4” VTR

» VTR Must Extend at Least 6” Above Roof, 12” is Better


DWV

• General Items» Don’t Locate VTR Near Air Intake

» Air Gaps at All Water Supply/Waste Outlets

» 4” Pipe Good Practice for W.C.

» Connection Between Building and Floor Drain not

Permitted by Some Codes

» Building Drain Must be 4” if WC is on System


Fixture Components

• Trap» Prevent backflow of sewer

gas into the building space

• Air Gap» vertical separation

between water supply and fixture rim


DWV

• Trap Seal/Primer - prevents trap from drying out

• Clean Out (C.O.) - provides access to drainage stacks and

main horizontal branches for cleaning

• Materials

» Cast Iron, copper, clay, plastic, RCP


Site Work

• Check Those Inverts!• Where is Tie-in?• Utility Coordination


Storm Drainage

• Exterior Areas Require Drainage for Rain/Snow» roofs, patios, parking areas, roadways, landscaping, etc.

• Sizing of system depends on Rate rather than Total

• Size must be coordinated with public drain capability

• Codes dictate 1hr duration and 100 year event


Rough-in

• What Are These?• Is Slope Adequate?


Rough-in

• Why do Dimensions Matter?

• Where are Fixtures to be Located?

• Does Everything Match?• Is Now the Time to Ask?


Rough-in

• Do Dimensions Matter?

• Layout Lines?


Rough-in

• Do Dimensions Matter?

• Note Seal on PVC Waste Stack

• What Fixtures are Going in Here?


Rough-in

• Backfill and Compacting. How Much?

• Soil in Pipe?• Was it Inspected and

Tested?


Rough-in

• Floor Sinks in Right Location?

• Protection?• Is Anything Missing?• Is Now the Time To

Ask?


Rough-in

• Why Should Dimensions Matter?

• Why Sleeve Copper Penetrations Through Concrete?

• What Fixture is Being Connected Here?


Rough-in

• Was it Tested?• Did it Pass?• What Goes in Here?• Is Anything Missing?• Is Now the Time to Ask?


Rough-in

• What Are These?• Traps Connected to

Primer?


Rough-in

• Trap Primer Header• Hot Water Pipe• PVC Vent Pipe


Rough-in

• PVC Vent Pipe• VTR


Trim

• Cleanout Locations• UPC Section 406• 100 ft. max. Between

Cleanout Locations• 90° Changes


Trim

• Double-Check Backflow Preventer

• Air-Gap Drain• Escutchen Plate• Ball Valves


Trim

• Location, Location, Location

• Faucet Mounting• Air-Gap at Floor

Drain• CO at Drain


Trim

• Air Gap Required at Food Prep Sinks

• UPC Section 601• Floor Sink vs. Floor

Drain


Trim

• Floor Drain Location• Note Trap on

Condensate Drain• Funnel Aids With

Flow Control• Door Stop - For How

Long?


Trim

• Condensate Drain from Rooftop HVAC Units

• Roof Penetration


Trim

• Condensate Drains from Interior Refrigeration Units

• Trapped at Floor Drain

• Check Slope


Trim

• Dielectric Connections at Water Heater?

• Overflow Pan Drains to…?

• Pressure Relief Drains to…?

• Replace Plastic Drain Valve

• Adequate Clearances?


Trim

• Filtered Water System Mounting

• Required Height?• Accessibility?• Serviceability?


Project Documentation

• As Builts» What Did You Do That Was Different Than the

Contract Drawings?» Who Keeps Track During Construction?

• Other Important Documents» List of Contractors» Permits Issued» Construction Cost Information» Guarantees/Warrantees


Project Documentation

• Daily Log Book» Weather» Contractors» Deliveries» % Work Completed» Problems» RFI, CO» Telecon, Meetings


Safety

• OSHA and Record Keeping

• We Want to Avoid the High Cost of Accidents

• Who is Responsible for Jobsite Safety?


Plumbing Below Grade

• Where are the VTRs?

• FD Locations? Trap Primers?

• City Water Utility Tie-in?


Plumbing Above Grade

• Check Insulation on Exterior Pipes!

• Water and Gas Pressure?

• Pipe Supports


Are You Any Smarter?

Bubba


Lab Exercises with Slick Powers

DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00

Scale: NTS

Date: 2/13/00REV. 1

EQUIVA Construction Camp A Joint Project Among: Shell Texas A&M Construction Science Texas...

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