EQUITY IN SPORTSWOMEN ISSUES

Amber Roberts

Women haven't always had access to the training and competition in sport

The 19th century was a time of “feminine virtues” they knew nothing about sports

But clearly times have changed the passage of Title IX helped to start the change

The Beginning

TITLE IX

Apart of the Education Amendments Act of 1972

Made equity for girls and women in sport the law of the land

They had access to more sports so their participation increased dramatically, and scholarships for them became more widely available

Focuses primarily on equal provision of equipment and supplies, practice and game times, travel, compensation of coacher, publicity, tutoring and other such services, locker rooms, medical and training facilities, house and fining facilities, and financial aid.

Although this amendment was passed there was still subtle forms of discrimination like negative stereotyping, poor media coverage, underrepresentation in coaching and administration, and lack of female role models

SUCCESS BY WOMEN IN EL ITE AND PROFESS IONAL SPORT

In 1984 women were finally allowed to compete in the marathon at the Olympic games

Joan Benoit won this event

In the Barcelona Olympics in 1992 Jackie Joyner Kersee was the greatest multi-event track and field athlete of all time

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1987

Passed after the Groove City College in Pennsylvania brought suit, charging that college athletic programs did not receive any federal support

So 1980s -1990s was called the “Title IX Generation” of girl and women athletes.

All 50 states offered championships for girls sports, and the NCAA sanctioned 17 national championships for women

STATISTICSStudies show that

13% of interscholastic coaches were females

10% of athletic director positions were held by women (our AD is a women named Cheryl Levick). It is uncommen to see a women as head athletic director at any level

Women athletes receive on 30% of the scholarship dollars in intercollegiate sports

23% of the athletic operation budgets

17% of the recruiting dollars

35% of the participation opportunities

BENEF ITS OF SPORT PART IC IPAT ION FOR G IRLS AND WOMEN

Better academic success and higher graduation rates

Are at a lower risk of stroke and breast cancer

Weight less

Have lower levels of blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides

Better bone health

Higher levels of self esteem and less depression

Lower risk for disordered eating, improve their cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength , and body composition,

Less likely to use illicit drugs, and more likely to be physically active for life

OTHER ISSUES

Barrier participation in contact and strength sports traditionally thought to be appropriate only for males.

Participation for high school girls in football, wrestling, ice hockey, and weight lifting has increased steadily over the past years

Athletic directors and coaches are trying to be sensitive to create conditions that are supportive of girls participation through educational programs

NAT IONAL ASSOC IAT ION FOR G IRLS AND WOMEN IN SPORT (NAGWS)

Adopted a strategic plan to remediate problems that exist for women because of unequal opportunity in sport and lack of compliance with Title IX.

This plan includes advocacy for full participation both in athlete roles and in administration, training, officiating, and the like; recruitment, development, and promotion plans to help women assume leadership positions; and the initiation of new programs and enhancement of existing programs for females of all ages, races, economic levels, and ethnic origins

MY OPINION

I feel that women have come along way. There are still certain sports that men dominant like football, but the times have definitely changed since the 19th-century.