john a. powellMay 21 s t , 2009

PRISCMSustainable Calvert Forum

S pec i a l tha nks to S pons ors :THE AFFO RDABLE HO U S IN G C O ALITIO N,

C O N C ER NED BLAC K WO MEN O F C ALVERT, THE IN TERFAITH C O UN C IL , AN D THE PU BLIC L IBR ARY

Equity and Sustainability in a New Era

Presentation Overview

Calvert County TrendsRegional ContextEconomic Recovery & BRAC Impact What’s Next for Maryland and Calvert

County?

Calvert County

Calvert County has benefitted from growth

Opportunity mapping shows Calvert as having high opportunity…

Source: U.S. Census 2000, Kirwan Institute

Infrastructure Development

Military investments in DowellInfrastructure investments:

Maryland RTA Thomas Johnson Bridge Maryland Route 4

Photo Source: Calvert Marine Museum, kid baltimore

Growth in Calvert County

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

Calvert County Maryland Population

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Growth in Calvert County

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

-0.050

0.050.1

0.150.2

0.250.3

Change in Population by County: 2000-2007

Growth in Calvert County

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000

Uni

ts

Calvert County Housing Construction

Calvert County Change

In 1850, African Americans comprised 62.4% of the county’s population

By 1930, African Americans were 47.4% of the population, remaining somewhat stable

Since the opening of a Navy training site in 1942, the African American population has continued to decrease …to today’s 13% Rising cost of living (push) Job opportunities closer to

D.C. and Baltimore (pull)Photo from BaltimoreSun.com

Source: Calvert County, Maryland; www.co.cal.md.us

Calvert County Change (con’t)

Many African Americans moved to the D.C. and Baltimore areas… However, recent rising costs to live in those areas has

led to some residents moving back to Calvert County, while others are being priced out of the region altogether

Photo from DCGentrification.com

Who lives in Calvert County?

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

Calvert Maryland

Demographic Trends

White

Black

Male

Female

Owner Occupied

Renter Occupied

Source: U.S. Census 2000

Who lives in Calvert County?

Source: U.S. Census 2000

0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%

10.0%12.0%14.0%16.0%

White Black White Black

Calvert Maryland

Pct. Below Poverty Level in 1999

Who lives in Calvert County (con’t)?

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1970 1980 1990 2000 2007 (estimate)

Calvert County Demographic Trends

Black White Other

Change in Poverty by Race: 1990-2000

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

Anne Arundel Baltimore County Calvert Harford Howard Montgomery Prince George's Baltimore City

1989 % of Whites Below Poverty 1999 % of Whites Below Poverty 1989 % of Blacks Below Poverty 1999 % of Blacks Below Poverty

Increasing inequality in Calvert County

(U.S. Census 2000) % African AmericanMedian Household Income

(in 2007 dollars)% With at least Bachelor's Degree % Below Poverty Level

Maryland 27.7% $65,797 11.9% 8.3%

Calvert County 13.0% $82,072 9.1% 4.3%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

(A.C.S. 2007) % African American Median Household Income % With at least Bachelor's Degree % Below Poverty Level

Maryland 28.8% $66,873 12.8% 8.0%

Calvert County 13.2% $88,989 11.7% 4.7%

Despite an 8.4% increase in median household income between 2000 and 2007, poverty also increased in Calvert County during the same period.

Regional context

Regional Opportunity

DC Metro Area Indicators

Thompson indicators

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Economic Recovery & BRAC

BRAC Impact

While Fort Monmouth will be closing, Aberdeen Proving ground will be gaining 14,159 employees, and will see a $6.5 billion per year increase in research and development activity

Fort Meade will gain 10,679 employees, including 4,300 from Arlington.

Source: BaltimoreSun.com

Calvert Co.

BRAC Impact on Maryland

Md. officials to announce $65 million for BRACThe Associated Press 8:19 AM EDT May 1, 2009 Maryland officials say the state is set to receive about $65

million to help with transportation needs related to military base realignment.The money will is slated to help pay for improvements to roads and mass transit near the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Harford County and Fort Meade in Anne Arundel County.Maryland is preparing for nearly 30,000 jobs that are headed to the state due to the 2005 base realignment and closure process.

http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/local/brac/bal-brac0501,0,7235338.story

The ARRA Impact on Maryland

A proposed $1 billion dollar investment in MD

$17 MM to Calvert County

How will the Recovery Act impact the opportunity landscape? Equitable opportunity? Decreased disparity?

…or the reverse??

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The Recession & Recovery

Although the U.S. has been in a recession for more than a year, people of color have been in a recession for nearly five years and have entered a depression during the current economic crisis

The black family poverty rate increased 2.8% from 2000 to 2007.

The Hispanic family poverty rate (19.7%) is roughly twice that of the overall poverty rate (9.8%) Yet African Americans and Latinos are under-

represented in the industries targeted through the Reinvestment Act

MOVING MARYLAND AND CALVERT COUNTY TOWARDS

TRUE SUSTAINABILITY

What’s Next?

What is sustainability in the 21st Century?

We need integration with opportunity to have a truly just and sustainable society A society where a geographic identifier does

not predict an individual’s life chances Diverse (healthy, integrated) economic, social,

religious, civic, neighborhood, housing and academic options for all

A society where everyone has the means to live a life they have reason to value (Amartya Sen)

**Public funding shrinks opportunity divides, it does not widen them**

Sustainability for people

Daniel Janzen, the world’s foremost tropical biologist writes: “Here's what nature does for us no matter who we are or where we live...Human animals carry around this big brain, this big device for processing input. Part of our ability to use that device depends on the complex stimuli that challenged it throughout our evolution. Nature — whatever is out there, from a single tree to a whole forest — provides a big wad of the possible information that we can process. If you diminish nature, you diminish the diversity of those stimuli. When we don’t get input from nature, we don’t end up having much sense of smell, hearing, or vision. Television becomes our reality.   The Importance of the Outdoors in Children's Lives, Bright Horizons E-Family

News

Inequality in Maryland

Maryland experienced the 7th largest growth in the U.S. in income inequality over the last two decades.

The richest 20 percent of Maryland families

have average incomes 7.3 times as large as the State’s poorest 20 percent of families.

The average income of the poorest fifth of families did not change significantly.

Source: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities

Inequality in Maryland

Source: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities

Inequality in Maryland

Title I funds to Maryland increased at a rate more than twice that of Washington and Virginia in the last two years.

In Maryland, Title I funds went from almost $170 million in 2006 to more than $191 million in 2008, representing an increase of more than 12%.

Economists and advocates say this increase points to climbing unemployment, a persistent income gap, and pockets of concentrated poverty.Source: Erika Woodward, “Federal Funding Shows Poverty May be on Rise in MD.” Sothern

Maryland Online. May 6, 2009; citing U.S. Department of Education statistics.

Foreclosure Impacts

State- and region- wide, foreclosures have surged in the third quarter of 2008: Maryland up 22% D.C. quadrupled VA tripled

The top three counties in MD foreclosures, second quarter 2008: Prince George’s County (32.0%) Montgomery County (14.7%) Baltimore City (11.1%)

The Price of Inequities

Wasted Creative Capacity The wasted creative capacity associated with a lack of

social, economic and educational opportunity drags down competitive strength.

Fragmented Economic Voice To attract investment in the global economy, regions must

act collectively to promote themselves, and they must align key infrastructure and assets to be more innovative, efficient and competitive

Paying for Exclusion Residential segregation is fueled by exclusionary housing

policies, but these policies come at a price for all residents

Inefficient Infrastructure and Government Services Regions that are highly fragmented into hundreds of local

governments are often inefficient (redundant) with respect to infrastructure and government services

Equitable Recovery

Moving Beyond Reactionary Recovery Recognizing our linked fate Developing equitable systems Ensuring sustainable investment and recovery

Equitable Recovery

Towards an Equitable Recovery Transparency and Accountability Targeted Universalism Equity and Opportunity for All

Source: http://statestat.maryland.gov/recovery.asp

Communities of Opportunity

Everyone should have fair access to the critical opportunity structures needed to succeed in life

Affirmatively connecting people to opportunity creates positive, transformative change in communities

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Housing

ChildcareEmployment

Education

Health

Transportation

Effective Participation

Housing is opportunity anchor and key leverage point

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Neighborhoods shape access to schools….

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Jobs…

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…impacts health &safety, determines access to neighborhood resources…

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Calvert County’s Comprehensive Plan

Calvert County’s Comprehensive Plan promotes both environmental stewardship and cultural and ethnic diversity How to affirmatively act

on this plan Don’t lose the third E in

Sustainability Environment Economic development EQUITY

Calvert County’s Housing Opportunities

While working to maintain the rural nature of the County, the Board of County Commissioners has also initiated a number of strategies to encourage the development of housing to meet the diverse needs of its citizens.  These initiative include:

Establishment of the Calvert Housing Opportunities Loan Fund, which provides start-up funding to encourage the development of affordable housing and bridge loans for single-family home ownership;

Partnership with the State of Maryland to provide down-payment and closing cost assistance for first-time homebuyers through the House Keys 4 Employees Program;

Incorporation of new Planning & Zoning tools to provide additional opportunities for the construction of affordable housing within the County, including accessory apartments over or adjacent to  businesses and a pilot project to promote duplexes, triplexes or quadplexes in certain zoning categories;

Waiver of the purchase of Transfer Development Rights (TDRs), (required for increased density housing) available for qualifying affordable housing developments.

The development of a Housing Information Guide, which provides a listing of local housing resources.

http://www.co.cal.md.us/business/housingopportunites/

Calvert County’s Housing Opportunities

These measures are a good start, but will not do enough without also: Affirmatively recruiting (and maintaining) families

from across the region with housing outreach services (i.e. counseling)

Producing a variety of affordable housing types (i.e. three-bedroom apartments) For example, “Granny flats” affirmatively recruit and

meet the needs of the elderly population but will not meet the needs of lower-income families

Opportunity Based Housing: Integration into Opportunity

Rethink fair housing…Not just integration but integration into

opportunityInclusive fair housing means access to good

schools, jobs, doctors, child care, transportation, parks, and the civic fabric

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Linked Fate

New paradigm for social justice work Strengthen our democracy Re-conceptualize society to promote the

political, economic, spiritual, and psychological health of all Recognize the interconnectedness of our

being and our fate Reject the myth of scarcity Target within universalism

Collaborate and focus on coalition building

Thank you!

Please visit www.kirwaninstitute.org