Seminar PresentationChemical engineering

2014-15

Submitted By : under Guidance Of :

Anuj Rathi Ankit Sisodiya

Gaurav Badguttar

Equipment's of Chemical industries

Cooling Tower

Distillation

Dryer

Crystallizer

Cooling Tower

how Cooling tower works

Types of cooling tower

Natural Draft Cooling Tower

Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower

natural Draft Cooling Tower

Counter Flow

Cross Flow

Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower

Water losses in cooling tower

Water losses include evaporation, drift (water entrained in discharge vapor), and blow down (water released to discard solids).

Drift losses are estimated to be between 0.1 and 0.2% of water supply.

Evaporation Loss = 0.00085 x water flow rate x (T1- T2)

Blow down Loss = Evaporation Loss/(cycles -1)

Total Losses = Drift Losses + Evaporation Losses + Blow down Losses

Energy Saving Opportunities in Cooling Towers Follow manufacture’s recommended clearance around cooling tower and

relocate or modify structures that interfere with the air intake or exhaust.

Optimize cooling tower fan blade angle on a seasonal and/or load basis.

The speed of cooling tower fan speed should be half ion the winter season in comparison of summer.

Correct excessive and/or uneven fan blade tip clearance and poor fan balance.

Install new nozzles to obtain a more uniform water pattern.

Restrict flow through large loads to design values.

distillation

Distillation is a separation process which is based on the boiling point, this is also called mass transfer operation. This process is usually used where the boiling point difference of two or more component in a solution mix. is more. This process is used in Chemical Industries, Fertilizers Industries but it is used on large scale in Petroleum Refineries, so Distillation is called as “Heart of Refinery.”

Types Of distillation

Atmospheric Distillation

Vacuum Distillation

Azeotropic Distillation

Fractional Distillation

Atmospheric Distillation

Vacuum Distillation

Azeotropic Distillation

Fractional Distillation

Dryers

The term Drying refers generally to the removal or moisture from a substance. For example, a wet solid such as wood, cloth or paper can be dried by evaporation of the moisture either into a gas stream or without the benefit of the gas to carry away the vapour and the equipments that use for drying operation in industries are called Dryers.

How dryer works

Types Of Dryers

Spray Dryer

Drum Dryer

Tray Dryer

Rotary Dryer

Spray Dryer

Drum Dryer

Rotary Dryer

Tray Dryer

Crystallizer

Crystallization is a unit operation in which solid particles are formed from a liquid solution. Crystallization involves simultaneous heat and mass transfer. Crystallization is a solid-liquid operation used to separate solutes from solution in the form of crystals. Crystallization is commonly used in fertilizers industries, food industries and sugar industries.

Types of Crystallizer

Batch Crystallizer

Continuous Crystallizer

batch Crystallizer

Continuous Crystallizer

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