Equine Fencing & Building Options...Equine Fencing & Building Options Scott S. McKendrick...
Transcript of Equine Fencing & Building Options...Equine Fencing & Building Options Scott S. McKendrick...
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Equine Fencing & Building OptionsScott S. McKendrick
CoordinatorStatewide Small Acreage & Equine
Programs
Thanks toLiving on the LandDr. Pat EvansDr. Craig Burrell
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What kind of fence do I want?
USU, Logan, UT
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Fencing considerations
• Balance looks, functionality and economics
• Safety of animals and people• Installed or do-it-yourself • Life expectancy• Annual maintenance costs
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Fencing for Small Acreages
• What are you fencing in?• What do the neighbors have over the
fence?• An old timer described a good fence as
being “horse high, bull strong and hog tight.”
• Will the animals injure themselves on the fence?
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Fencing types• Type depends on:
– CC&Rs– Purpose – Soil type – Terrain– Weather– Safety– Construction costs– Availability of power– Maintenance requirements– Visual impact
Missoula Conservation District, MT
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Good Fencing Bad Fencing• Visible• Not prone to cause
injury• Inhibits horse from
trying to go through or over
• Inhibits injury if horse gets caught in it
• No corners
• Not as visible• Not sturdy• Materials cause injury• Does not inhibit horse
from attempting to go through or over
• Corners
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Materials
• Post and rail• Vinyl• High tensile wire• Barbed wire• Electric
• Metal• Hog wire• Horse wire• Rubber
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Post and Rail• Materials
–Wood–Vinyl–Polyethylene
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Post and Rail
Wood Fencing• Pros• Cons
• What is the difference between these two fences?
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Post and Rail Cont.
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Alleyways and Trees
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Rounded Ends
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Wood Fences are sturdy but require maintenance.
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Wood rail or post• Cost
– $6/ft materials– $3/ft labor
• Pros– Visually appealing– Handles heavy snowfall– Can be adjusted or small
animals by adding mesh• Cons
– High maintenance– Lifetime?– Need additional fencing materials for small animals– May need hot wire for livestock
USU, Logan, UT
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Post and Rail
Vinyl Fencing• Pros• Cons• Cost
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Vinyl fencing is attractive.
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Vinyl 3 rail or 4 rail• Cost
– $5/ft Materials– $3.50/ft labor
• Pros– Visually appealing– Low Maintenance– Last many years?
• Cons– Expensive– 3 rail may not be best
choice for horses
USU, Logan, UT
www.ncvinyl.com
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Post and Rail
Polyethylene• Round Rails• Stainless steel wire
embedded below surface
• Temperature resistant• Safety• Cost
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Chain link: 6 ft• Cost
– $4.50/ft materials– $2.50/ft labor
• Pros– Security– Good for small animals– Low maintenance– Long lifetime– Can get colors to blend with surroundings
• Cons– Not typically used with large animals– May not mesh with surroundings– May be regulated by CC&Rs
USU, Logan, UT
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High Tensile
High-Tensile Polymer Fences
• Pros• Cons
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4 to 10 Strand smooth wire• Cost
– $0.75–$1.30/ ft, depending on number of wires• Pros
– 4 to 5 strand good for horses– 10 strand will
contain all large livestock and exclude large wildlife
– Durable– Can be electrified
• Cons– Expensive– Requires routine maintenance
www.kiwifence.com
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Mesh wire is a popular alternative.
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Woven wire• Cost
– $1.15-$1.30 per foot• Pros
– Readily available– Good for sheep – add 1 - 2
strands of barbed wire at top for cattle
• Cons– Expensive– Requires routine
maintenance
www.farmphoto.com
www.farmphoto.com
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Poultry netting• Cost
– 1 inch round holes, 48 inch high 150 ft rolls-$54.99
• Pros– Inexpensive– Lightweight– Can be used with existing fences – Good for small animals– Good for small wildlife exclusion
• Cons– Low strength – will stretch and/or collapse by itself– Not effective for large animals or livestock– Needs frequent monitoring and maintenance
USU, Logan, UT
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Horse Woven Wire
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Hog Wire
• Pros• Cons
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Wire Mesh• Diamond Mesh• Square Knot
Mesh
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Electric fence• Cost
– $1.50/ft materials– $2.50/ft labor
• Pros– Portable– Inexpensive– Versatile– Can make an existing
fence more effective• Cons
– Difficult to see– Dangerous to people (children) and wildlife– Maintenance?
USU, Logan, UT
www.agry.purdue.edu/ext
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Electric ribbon• Cost
– Vinyl post $4.59 – 1½ inch ribbon $.15/ft– T-posts 6’ $2.50– Insulators $.15 each
• Pros– Versatile– Easy to install and modify– Can be used to make existing
fence more effective– Easier to see than other types
of electric fencing
• Cons– Cost and availability of
electricity or solar source– Maintenance– Not a good choice for a
permanent fenceUSU, Logan, UT
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New Zealand electric fencing• Cost
– 5 wire fence $0.30 to $0.60/linear ft
• Pros– Versatile– Eliminates grounding out
on foliage– Reduces fire danger
• Cons– Powerful shock produced
UCES
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Electric
• Many types• Need charger
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Electric fencing - temporary• Cost
– Variable• Pros
– Great for interior fencing– Portable - reels– Inexpensive
• Cons– Can be difficult to see - color
variations ease this problem– Can be dangerous
www.agry.purdue.edu/ext
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Electric Fences are good for temporary situations and for
dividing pastures
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Prefabricated panels• Metal 2 inch round tubing panels
– 12 feet $52.91– Gates approximately $70.00
• Cattle and hog panels– 16 feet $13.99
• Pros– Durable and strong– Good for large livestock– Panels allow for different configurations– Low maintenance
• Cons– Expensive– Less visually appealing– Not good for small animals
USU, Logan, UT
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Bracing
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Steel fencing is durable.
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Metal Fencing
• Contours with land• Pros• Cons
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Barb wire is dangerous for horses.
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Barbed Wire
• Not horse fencing!!• Use electric line to
keep off• Visibility?
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Barbed wire – 4 strand• Cost
– $1.50/ft materials– $2.50/ft labor
• Pros– Low cost– Easy to install– Fairly low maintenance
• Cons– Dangerous to people, livestock
and wildlife – Not suitable for horses– Not useful for small animals– Can be damaged by large wildlife
USU, Logan, UT
www.agry.purdue.edu/ext
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Rubber Fencing
• Made from belting or rubber strips from old tires and conveyor belts
• Generally is not used much anymore• Sags• Loose fibers have caused colic
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Jackleg
NRCS, Bozeman, MT
• Cost– $2.50/ft
• Pros– Good in areas where it is hard to dig or
drive posts– Visually appealing– Durable– Handles heavy snowfall– Can be adapted to marshy or wet
areas– Low maintenance
• Cons– High labor and materials costs during
construction– UV stability?
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Privacy wood • Cost
– $10/ft materials– $5/ft labor
• Pros– Can be visually appealing– Good for small animals– Provides visual block
• Cons– Not typically used for large animals– Expensive– High maintenance– Often short lifetime
USU, Logan, UT
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What kind of shelter do I want for my
animals?
What kind of shelter do my animals
need?
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Considerations for shelter
• Provide adequate shelter - adequate for local weather conditions – summer – winter
• Durability• Maintenance costs • Visually appealing• COSTS
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Shelter:
• Can be simple or elaborate
• Costs vary widely
USU, Logan, UT
USU, Logan, UT
Motel 7
The Ritz
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Pole structures• Cost
– Relatively low$8 to 15/ft2
• Pros– Low cost– Easy to install
and maintain– Easy to clean
• Cons– Basic shelter – Consider placement – Less protection
than a barn – Noise
USU, Logan, UT
USU, Logan, UT
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Metal buildings• Cost
– $15 to 30/ft2– Concrete floor may be 40% of cost
• Pros– Built on-site– Versatile– Low maintenance– Moderate cost– More protection than pole structures
• Cons– Not as visually pleasing– May not mesh with surroundings– Summer heat may be a problem– Concrete floor – is this good for hooves? USU, Logan, UT
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Specialized structures – barns, etc.
NRCS, Bozeman, MT
• Cost– $35 to $50/ft2
• Pros– Convenience– Visual appealing– Designed specifically to meet needs – Can be built to mesh with existing structures and landscape– Increase in property value
• Cons– Expensive– Constant upkeep– Cannot be moved– Resale can be limited
USU, Logan, UT
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Ventilation
• Why is it important?• What builds up without proper ventilation?• What kinds of climate is ventilation very
important?
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Types of Ventilation
• Windows• Doors• High ceiling• High pitch roof• Dormers, cupolas,
vents at highest part
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Ventilation Considerations• Winter • Spring and summer• Ventilation properties of
--cold air vs. warm air
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Natural Ventilation System: Cold Barn
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Natural Ventilation System: Warm Barn
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Warm Barn, Fan Ventilated
• Fully insulated
• Exhaust fans
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Steps for good ventilation
• Air exchange• Air distribution • Changes of air
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Improving Air Quality
• Hay–Quality–Storage
• Inlet/vents• Outlets• Ultraviolet light
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Food for thought
• Unnatural environment • Horses do not mind the cold• Give as much turn out as possible• Horses need movement• Blanket rather than heat barn
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