EQ: How can we determine the safety and drinkability of our water supplies?
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EQ: How can we determine the safety and drinkability of our water supplies? LT: I can describe the indicators of water quality. LT: I will identify the indicators of water quality. I will determine explain how turbidity is measured and how other factors affect turbidity. I will explain how dissolved oxygen is measured and the factors that affect it. Warm Up Water Quality Notes/Testing
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EQ: How can we determine the safety and drinkability of our water supplies? LT: I can describe the indicators of water quality. LT: I will identify the indicators of water quality. I will determine explain how turbidity is measured and how other factors affect turbidity. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of EQ: How can we determine the safety and drinkability of our water supplies?
EQ: How can we determine the safety and drinkability of our water supplies?
LT: I can describe the indicators of water quality.LT: I will identify the indicators of water quality. I will
determine explain how turbidity is measured and how other factors affect turbidity.
I will explain how dissolved oxygen is measured and the factors that affect it. Warm Up
Water Quality Notes/Testing
Welcome! Warm Up 3/21/141. In your opinion,
which step in the water filtration process is the most important?
2. Why?
Brainpop: Water PollutionTime 3:16
Why do we need to test the health the water? How do we test the health of the water?
Google Drive: 36.Intro into Water Quality
If done early…..33.Upwelling Reading33.Ocean Habitats36.Thirsty Town Article
Notes: Indicators of Water QualityThere are 6 indicators of water quality that we
are going to study:TurbiditypHDissolved OxygenTemperatureNitrates/AmmoniaBio-Indicators
Defi
niti
on: Turbidity: measure of
the degree to which water looses its transparency due to the presence of suspended particulates (“tiny particles”)
Leve
ls:
Ideal Level: 1 NTU High Level: 5 NTU and above
NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Units
Caus
es: Causes of increased
turbidity: increased levels of phytoplankton, sediment from erosion, re-suspended sediments from the bottom (stirred by bottom dwellers), waste discharge, algae growth, and urban runoff
Resu
lts: Results of high turbidity:
high turbidity increases the absorption of sunlight thus making the water warmer. Warmer water has lower levels of dissolved oxygen causing fish and larvae to die.
DO = fish die
Defi
niti
on: pH: the acidity of the
water (presence of hydrogen ion)
07 is acidic 7 is neutral714 is basic
Leve
ls:
Surface Freshwater: 6.0 9.0 Swamps: as low as 4.3 Salt Water: 8.1 but as low as 7.7
Caus
es: Causes of changes
in pH: natural conditions (especially in swamps), dumping of waste (batteries) and farm runoff (lime)
Resu
lts: Results of changes in
pH: a change in pH by 2 units results in a water system having 100 times a difference in acidity. Most aquatic life cannot withstand water outside of the optimum pH thus resulting in death.
Defi
niti
on: Dissolved Oxygen:
the oxygen dissolved in the water
Leve
ls:
Average Level: 9.0 ppm Must be 4-5 ppm to support diverse population of fish
Caus
es: Causes of changes in
dissolved oxygen: turbulent actions (waves, rapids), water depth, and plant growth
Resu
lts: Results of changes in
dissolved oxygen: When DO drops too low fish die. When DO is high, the water actually tastes better but can corrode water pipes.
DO = fish die DO = water tastes better
Dissolved Oxygen Questions
Click Here:http://
goo.gl/AyflMN
Defi
niti
on: Temperature:
measure of average kinetic energy
Leve
ls:
Low: cannot be tolerated below 320F
High: only rough fish can tolerate temperatures above 970F
Caus
es: Causes of change in
temperature: source of water, time of year, suspended sediment, depth of water, and shade from shoreline vegetation (plants)
Resu
lts: Results of changes
in temperature: changes in temperature can make aquatic life susceptible to disease and at extreme levels can result in death
Defi
niti
on: Nitrates:
compound that contains the nitrogen based polyatomic ion NO3
(Ex: Sodium Nitrate)
Leve
ls:
Drinking Water Max:10 mg/L Fish: Below 90 mg/Lseems to have no effect on warm water fish
Caus
es: Causes of nitrates:
fertilizer runoff (both farm and home), manure pits, leaks in septic systems, animal waste, and rain trapping car exhaust
Resu
lts: Results of presence of
nitrates: nitrates can increase the plant production and fish population, resulting in overcrowding. If algae increases, the DO levels can decrease, killing fish. Nitrates are converted to nitrites in humans (can kill children)
Nitrates Video Click Herehttp://goo.gl/yNybUJ
Defi
niti
on: Bio-indicators:
macroinvertebrates found living in water (they tend to remain in one place) that are sensitive to pollution
Leve
ls:
High Level of Variety: healthy water source
Small Level of Variety: poor water source (indicator of high levels of pollution)
Caus
es: Causes of changes in
bio-indicators: pollution that results in changes in pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, or nitrate levels
Resu
lts: Results of few
varieties of bio-indicators present: the lack of a large number of different varieties of bio-indicators is indicative of pollution
Google Drive: Assignments
