EPULIS AND ITS SURGICAL TREATMENT IN A SPITZ...
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230 Short Communication EPULIS AND ITS SURGICAL TREATMENT IN A SPITZ BITCH A.K. Maji*, D. Basak¹, P. Das², J. Mukherjee 1 Dept. of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal, India. 1 Assistant Director, Animal Resources Development Department, Govt. of West Bengal, India. 2 Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal, India. *Corresponding author. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: One Spitz bitch of about 7 years of age with pedunculated soft tissue mass at upper left corner molar teeth was presented. Local excision under Atropine - Xylazine - Ketamine - Diazepam combined administration was performed with red hot iron thermo-cauterization. The excised mass on histopathology showed squamous hyperplasia with fibrous network and angiogenesis interpreting fibrous epulis. No recurrence was observed or no chemotherapy was needed up to one year post- operation. Key Words: Fibrous Epulis, Upper jaw, Complete removal. Oral tumor is of two types - benign or locally invasive benign and malignant with or without metastasis. Tumor in odontogenic origin is the most common benign tumor of canine oral cavity (Spodnick and Page 1995). Epulis is non-specific term which refers to tumors and tumor-like irregular gingival masses observed on either side of the dental arcade (Head et al., 2002). This communication puts on records of the occurrences of epulis from left upper rear molar tooth in a dog. Case History One 7 year aged never bred intact Spitz female dog was presented to the University Clinics, Belgachia, Kolkata with the signs of difficulty of chewing, prehension and huge salivation. On physical examination, a pedunculated soft mass of about 3 cm X 3 cm size was found attached with left upper corner molar tooth (Fig.1 and Fig.2). As per reporting, the growth developed in 3 months and had a tendency of bleeding on provocation. There was no familial history of oral tumor. Local lymph nodes were not palpable. On radiography, no bone involvement or osteolysis was observed. Surgical treatment and observations Local excision along with adjacent soft tissue removal was performed under Atropine sulphate @ 0.04 mg/kg b.wt, xylazine @ 1.5 mg/kg b.wt. and Ketamine @ 3 mg/kg b.wt. intramuscular injection at a gap of 5 and 10 minutes respectively following dorsal recumbency. Maintenance was done by 1:1 mixture of “to effect” diazepam and Ketamine intravenously. Red hot iron was applied as thermocautory to check the bleeding (Fig.3).The excised tissue Explor Anim Med Res, Vol.5, Issue - 2, 2015, p. 230-232 ISSN 2277- 470X (Print), ISSN 2319-247X (Online) Website: www.animalmedicalresearch.org
Transcript of EPULIS AND ITS SURGICAL TREATMENT IN A SPITZ...
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Exploratory Animal and Medical Research, Vol.5, Issue 2, December, 2015
Short Communication
EPULIS AND ITS SURGICAL TREATMENTIN A SPITZ BITCH
A.K. Maji*, D. Basak¹, P. Das², J. Mukherjee1
Dept. of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37,Belgachia Road, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal, India.1 Assistant Director, Animal Resources Development Department, Govt. of West Bengal, India.2Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, West Bengal University ofAnimal and Fishery Sciences, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal, India.*Corresponding author. e-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT: One Spitz bitch of about 7 years of age with pedunculated soft tissue mass at upper leftcorner molar teeth was presented. Local excision under Atropine - Xylazine - Ketamine - Diazepamcombined administration was performed with red hot iron thermo-cauterization. The excised masson histopathology showed squamous hyperplasia with fibrous network and angiogenesis interpretingfibrous epulis. No recurrence was observed or no chemotherapy was needed up to one year post-operation.
Key Words: Fibrous Epulis, Upper jaw, Complete removal.
Oral tumor is of two types - benign or locallyinvasive benign and malignant with or withoutmetastasis. Tumor in odontogenic origin is themost common benign tumor of canine oral cavity(Spodnick and Page 1995). Epulis is non-specificterm which refers to tumors and tumor-likeirregular gingival masses observed on either sideof the dental arcade (Head et al., 2002). Thiscommunication puts on records of theoccurrences of epulis from left upper rear molartooth in a dog.
Case History One 7 year aged never bred intact Spitz
female dog was presented to the UniversityClinics, Belgachia, Kolkata with the signs ofdifficulty of chewing, prehension and hugesalivation. On physical examination, apedunculated soft mass of about 3 cm X 3 cm
size was found attached with left upper cornermolar tooth (Fig.1 and Fig.2). As per reporting,the growth developed in 3 months and had atendency of bleeding on provocation. There wasno familial history of oral tumor. Local lymphnodes were not palpable. On radiography, nobone involvement or osteolysis was observed.
Surgical treatment and observationsLocal excision along with adjacent soft tissue
removal was performed under Atropine sulphate@ 0.04 mg/kg b.wt, xylazine @ 1.5 mg/kg b.wt.and Ketamine @ 3 mg/kg b.wt. intramuscularinjection at a gap of 5 and 10 minutesrespectively following dorsal recumbency.Maintenance was done by 1:1 mixture of “toeffect” diazepam and Ketamine intravenously.Red hot iron was applied as thermocautory tocheck the bleeding (Fig.3).The excised tissue
Explor Anim Med Res,Vol.5, Issue - 2, 2015, p. 230-232
ISSN 2277- 470X (Print), ISSN 2319-247X (Online)Website: www.animalmedicalresearch.org
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Fig. 1. Epulis attached with left upper rearmolar at gingival border. Fig. 2. Bleeding from gingival border.
Fig. 3. Tumour excised and cautourized. Fig. 4. Squamous cell proliferation. H & E.20X , 100 µµµµµm magnification
Fig. 5. Fibrous Prolification. H & E Stain,20X,100 µµµµµm magnification.
Fig. 6. Vascularisation seen. H & E Stain, 20X,100 µµµµµm magnification.
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was sent for histopathological examination.Betadine mouth wash (Win-Medicare, NewDelhi) and systemic antibiotic (Inj. Cefotaxime,Alkem) for 5 days resulted uneventful recovery.
On histopathology, the superficial layerrevealed epithelial hyperplasia with a hugedistribution of squamous epithelium interwovenby fibrous matrix. The pleomorphic epitheliumshowed large oval nucleus in cytoplasm (Fig.4).The deeper layer of the epulis showed aproliferative network of fibrous tissue withinconspicuous elongated and fusiform nucleus(Fig.5). There was limphoplasmatic infiltrationwith huge proliferative angiogenesis. Red bloodcells were clustered inside the proliferated bloodvessels. These findings suggest a localizedinflammatory hyperplasia of fibrous epulis.
Out of two types of oral tumor, benign typeof non-recurrence or recurrence were reportedby Philipsen and Reichert (2000), Maji andGhosh (2007) in Haryana cow. Successivereports of similar observation were documentedby Raghuvanshi et al. (2012), Arulmozhi et al.(2012), Maji et al. (2014), Sharma andKushwaha (2015) and Maji (2015). In this casesalivation was more as the growth was nearer tothe opening of the corresponding Stenson’s ducstas well as its stimulatory effect on parotid gland.This report followed the recommendation ofWhite and Gorman (1989) for local excision andthermo-cautorization. There was no recurrenceand the animal is quite normal after one year ofthe operation.
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*Cite this article as: Maji A.K, Basak D, Das P, Mukherjee J (2015) Epulis and its surgicaltreatment in a Spitz bitch. Explor Anim Med Res 5(2): 230-232.
