EPT October 2009 Edition

electronic products and technologyelectronic products and technology - OCTOBER 2009

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTDISTRIBUTIONPage 6

STARRETT KINEMETRIC DIVISION

TEST ampMEASUREMENT8

MEDICAL ELECTRONICSPage 12

AN EPampT SPECIAL REPORT PAGE 20

Publications Mail Agreement No 40069240Canada Post Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to Business Information Group 12 Concorde Place Suite 800 Toronto ON M3C 4J2 circulationeptcaUSPS 003-349

Publications Mail Agreement No 40069240Canada Post Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to Business Information Group 12 Concorde Place Suite 800 Toronto ON M3C 4J2 circulationeptcaUSPS 003-349

SEM

ICO

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Quickly configured through a Web browserConfigureacute rapidement agravepartir dun navigateurinternet

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Component counterfeiting could worsen once demand picks up

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Peter CaulfieldWest Tech Correspondent

pcaulfieldtelusnet

Sheila KennedyAdvtg Sales QuebecOttawa

Region 5149020253skennedyeptca

Peter LoneyPublisher

4165105207pdloneyeptca

Tracy LelykArt Director

Group Administrator4165105120tlelykeptca

David Boss PEngContributing Editor

Stephen LawEditor

4165105208slaweptca

Joanna MalivoireAccount Manager

Direct 8668687089jmalivoireeptca

Volume 31 Number 7 October 2009

electronic products and technologyelectronic products and technology Distribution experts have expressed growing concern that the issue of counterfeit electronic components is getting worse as an increasing number of bogus parts continue to enter the supply chain field Upon first glance validation of just how rampant the issue is today can be as hard as discerning bogus from genuine parts

For the past decade counterfeiters have become more sophisticated at what they do making it harder to identify fakes After more elec-tronics manufacturing moved overseas about a decade ago counter-feiters have acquired the know-how and improved their quality using more advanced techniques

Leakage out of the legitimate supply chain called lsquodiversionrsquo cre-ates the lsquogray-marketrsquo that devalues any product caught in its grip Sometimes gray-market products are leaked back into legitimate supply chains most often accompanied by counterfeits out-dated products or products that have been remanufactured to superficial specifica-tions but with limited capacity or shortened functional lifetimes

Counterfeit parts pose a greater risk to the entire supply chain today because the criminals have developed more sophisticated techniques says the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) which established an anti-counterfeiting task force three-years ago SIA says that a simple visual inspection of parts will not identify all counterfeit parts and many fakes are mislabeled For instance a part number may indi-cate a RoHS-compliant part when in fact ndash it isnrsquot

Profitability and brand trust are often damaged for legitimate com-ponent makers via the infiltration of counterfeits says SIA Consumers do not get what they pay for Computer purchasers may believe they are getting a system with fast chips but in reality they are getting

remarked chips that deliver slower performance with an increased risk of failure

What about the inherit risk to end-users or consumers that a coun-terfeit part could cause a catastrophic failure in equipment ndash IE a bad part on the landing gear of an airplane or braking systems of a train or in a defibrillator

The National Electronic Distributors Association (NEDA) says the only way to prevent bogus parts from getting into the supply chain is for purchasers to buy directly from component manufacturers or from authorized distributors

While buyers may be admonished for buying only from authorized sources the reality is many will still buy on the open market espe-cially when parts are in short supply In addition many buyers use independent distributors to source lower price parts when there is an oversupply Many OEMs and EMS providers sell their excess inventories to independent distributors and authorized distributors occasionally purchase parts from them

So it is unlikely that the open market will go away any time soon In addition over the next two years the amount of counterfeit parts finding their way into the open market may increase as the economy improves and demand increases for electronics equipment and compo-nents If component suppliers donrsquot add enough capacity there could be component shortages and counterfeiters thrive during periods of short supply

Oh the bittersweet prospectus of a rebounding industry

Stephen Law Editor slaweptca

EPampT (Electronic Products amp Technology) is published nine times per year Monthly in February May August September October

Bi-Monthly JanuaryFebruary MarchApril JuneJuly NovemberDecember by

Business Information Group12 Concorde Place Suite 800 Toronto ON M3C 4J2

infoeptca Website wwweptca Tel 4164425600 Fax 4165105133

Sales 4165105207 bull Editorial 4165105208

ISSN 0708-4366

Subscription Rates Canada $52 per year US $78 per year International $125 per year

Editorial Purpose Electronic Products amp Technology provides timely comprehensive coverage of the latest worldwide developments and trends in electronic products equipment and systems and interprets their significance

to manufacturers and end-users in the Canadian marketplace

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Publications Mail Agreement No 40069240 Canada Post Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to

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EPampT (Electronic Products amp Technology) assumes no responsibility for the validity of claims in items reported

ISSN 0708-4366

Published nine times per year (JanuaryFebruary MarchApril May JuneJuly August

September October NovemberDecember and Annual produced in February) by Business Information Group

copy 2009

This publication or any part of it may not be reproduced stored or transmitted in any form whatsoever without the express written consent of the publisher

From time to time we make our subscription list available to companies and organizations whose products and services we believe may be of interest to you

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S e r i e S o f r e g i o n a l h i g h - t e c h e l e c t r o n i c S S h o w S

2010 Series coming Soon

Contact the show manager for more information at 4165105207

f u l l o n l i n e p r o d u c t l i s t i n g s a t e p t h o t i m s c o m

representatives and ditributorsnewswatch4 electronic products and technology bull october 2009

newSwatch

Siemens unveils Tiastar Motor Control CentreSiemens Canada Ltd Burlington ON and its Industry Automation division recently unveiled its plans to begin production of the Tiastar Motor Control Centre (MCC) at the Canadian headquarters here

Siemens has invested more than $2-million in design retooling and upgrades to the facility to accommodate the new production line In addition the firm projects the cre-ation of 50 skilled positions in engineering and production as a result of the news

ldquoThis announcement reflects our ongoing commitment to manufacturing in Canada and represents a significant investment for Siemensrdquo says Joris Myny VP of Industry Automation and Drive Technology divisions ldquoBringing the Tiastar MCC production line to Ontario also demonstrates our goal of providing customers with made in Canada solutionsrdquo

MCC are typically used in commercial applications to control the speed of fans and pumps and compressors In addition they are commonly used in industrial applications wherever motors are found


Active Ottawa moves to new localeActive Tech Electronics Inc chain of retail stores specializing in electronic components production supplies and test equipment has relocated its Ottawa-area store

Located in the Merivale Market (1465 Merivale Rd) the store is comprised of 5000-square-feet of selling space and more than 10000 items in stock

ldquoActive has the widest selection of products for the local Ottawa customerrdquo says Active Tech president Lee Wise


newswatchFocused on becoming the worldrsquos leader in miniaturizing micro-electronics Terepac Corp recently launched into shipping sam-ples of its ultrathin flexible silicon-based products to selected customers from its plant in Waterloo ON

Following four years of development by a tightly integrated RampD team of PhD scientists and industry-seasoned engineers the company is now entering into pilot scale production of its trademarked Microscale Circuit Cluster products ldquoThese devices provide customers multiple advantages of a printed structure - but with the electrical performance they have come to expect from nanostructured silicon integrated circuits in a package of unprecedented elegance compactness ruggedness and low costrdquo says Terepac CEO Ric Asselstine

As a result of the industryrsquos achievements as embodied in Moorersquos Law the foundry fabrication cost of up to 40000 digital transistors in an EPC Class 1 Gen 2 RFID chip is less than 2-cents using now-common 90nm lithography while they occupy a square about 175 micrometers on a side or roughly half the size of the period at the end of this sentence In the past product assem-bly equipment could not handle such vanishingly small objects but Terepacrsquos roll-to-roll printing technology eliminates that bottleneck Since the lower limit is projected to be in the micron regime a path is opened to the effective use of a huge array of very inexpensive yet functionally powerful electronic devices

Terepac is beginning with basic HFNFC and UHF embedded electronic products and has signed agreements with two custom-

newSwatch


Raltron appoints Future as distributorRaltron Electronics Corp Miami FL whol-ly owned subsidiary of Rami Technology Group Hong Kong China has appointed Future Electronics Inc Montreal as a worldwide distributor for its line of fre-quency management products

ldquoFuturersquos global presence will be a key factor in broadening our own market base as we strive to strengthen our level of product exposure throughout the worldrdquo says Raltron president Sasha Wolloch

Founded in 1983 Raltron provides a broad range of frequency management products including crystal resonators clock oscillators VCXO TCXO OCXO VCO and clock synchronization board level products Raltron is at the forefront of innovation in both the areas of mass manufactured crystals and oscillators as well as high end precision oscillators and systems


Harding Energy signs rep deal with Irwin Industrial Battery and charger designermanufacturer Harding Energy Inc Norton Shores MI recently signed Irwin Industrial Agencies Ltd Richmond Hill ON to represent its bat-tery products in Canada

Harding was founded by working closely with the inventor of NiMH rechargeable batteries and offers a broad range of other battery technologies including Lithium Ion Lithium Iron Phosphate Nickel Cadmium and Alkaline The firm focuses on value-added battery systems including custom battery packs and chargers for medical communica-tions security construction and military markets

ldquoHarding combines wide product technology with vast application engineering expertise and domestic and off-shore manufacturing capacity in a unique way that will serve our customer-base wellrdquo says Brad Jolly product manager at Irwin


Simcona hosts annual golf eventElectronic component distributor Simcona Electronics of Canada Inc London ON hosted its 16th annual golf tournament recently with participants including staff customers and allied manufacturersrsquo representatives Pictured below are members of the winning foursome at the event From left are Simcona host Tim Dawe Harry Coates Schleuniger Inc John Brooks Panduit Canada Suzann Howlett Simcona and Dave Marr TD Canada Trust


THE CADENCE OrCAD DIFFERENCE IS DEPTH

copy 2009 Cadence Design Systems Inc All rights reserved

New OrCAD Release 162 delivers unparalleleddepth and robust functionality with innovativefeatures like the new fisheye view that makesdense designs edit like small designs

Test Drive OrCAD Release 162 For a free demoDVD visit EMA Design Automation a Cadencereg

Channel Partner at wwwema-edacomdemoDVDor call us at 8008137288

Cadence_162_Depth_Half_NB_EPampTqxpLayout 1 22509 1121 AM Page 1

ers according to Asselstine ldquoIt will progress quickly into wirelessly networked sensors where its unique ability to assemble several components into one inexpensive unit will dramatically alter this market - individual customer requirements for specific microproces-sors memory and signal conditioning no longer require redesign of a system-on-chip solutionrdquo says Asselstine

The company has signed a collaboration contract with a major research institute to fabricate and commercialize a flexible medi-cal monitoring system and company CTO Dr Jayna Sheats recently resented a technical update at the IMAPS RF and Microwave Packaging Conference in San Diego Joseph Fjelstad president of Verdant Electronics and newly appointed member of the Terepac Technical Advisory Board commented ldquoThe handling of micro-thin small form factor ICs such as those desired for RFID applications has remained a vexing technological hurdle for the electronics assembly industry In response Terepac scientists and engineers have developed a novel and extremely powerful approach for han-dling such devices in a highly efficient and practical wayrdquo

Terepacrsquos technology is well positioned to alter the future of micro assembly in that the company has devised materials and methods to fundamentally take the lsquopickrsquo out of lsquopick and placersquo While its implications at the micro assembly level are clear and far reaching it seems evident that it should find broader interest and use in the world of macro electronic assembly as well It is an honor and privilege to engage with the visionary and innova-tive team at Terepacrdquo Dr Yoshio Nishi advisory board member

Industry golf tourney nets for charityIndustry professionals from the electronics industry within the Greater Toronto Area par-ticipated in 13th Annual Electronics Manufacturing Industry Charity Golf Tournament at Glen Eagle Golf Club in Bolton recently

As in past years the gathering of surface mount and electronic manufacturing professionals managed to raise money on behalf of Shining Through Centre for children with Autism


and professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University added ldquoI am very favorably impressed with the technology developed by Terepac and its potential for future products which would make use of integrated circuit technology in a differ-ent way from current practice


Waterloo firm pilots production of printed silicon ICs


electronic products and technology bull october 2009


Supply Chain ManagementDistribution

6

Laws affecting electronic products are on the rise in Canada and the USA with the European Union (EU) serving as the major catalyst The EU was first to enact RoHS and WEEE laws - with California fol-lowing suit Now five Canadian provinces 19 US States and New York City have similar rules The EU enacted a law regu-lating energy using products (EuP) Now Canada California and Maine have energy efficiency rules While Canadian and USA versions are not as comprehensive as those in the EU the trend toward more electronic product rules is clear

The EU is expanding its rules as well ndash most recently REACH targeting high risk chemical substances and the need for thorough testing of these substances The EU has also proposed a second round of electronic product hazardous substance content regulations that we call RoHS2 (so named as to distinguish it from the

original) REACH and RoHS2 are being looked at closely around the world and it seems only a matter of time before similar legislation is enacted outside the EU

A look at latest legislation REACH regulations and the potential

impact of the ldquoRoHS2rdquo proposals dominate the legislative scene at present Also obligations are starting to filter through as part or the eco design Energy using Products (EuP) Directive that monitor energy efficiency throughout a productrsquos life cycle The electronics industry as a whole and specifically design engineers need to be aware of these developments and their potential impacts

Regulation 19072006 the Regulation Evaluation Authorization -and Restriction-of Chemicals (REACH) entered into force on June 1 2007 after almost eight years

of debate culminating in 849 pages of regulations

The only census on chemicals taken in 1981 highlighted that 100106 sub-stances were placed on the market Of those used manufactured or imported at levels of 1000 tons or more 21 had no safety data at all while a further 65 provided insufficient safe use data Only 3 had been fully tested

The biggest challenge to industry to date has been around the collection of data advising where a ldquoSubstance of Very High Concernrdquo (SVHC) is present in a product known as an article in the regu-lations at a level of 01 by weight of the total article

SVHC obligationAs a minimum obligation the name of

the substance along with supporting safe use data must flow downstream through the supply chain

Substances that are categorized as SVHC include those that are carcinogenic mutagenic or toxic for reproduction Also substances that are persistent liable to bio-accumulate and toxic and ldquoothersrdquo such as endocrine disrupters that can have a particular impact on aquatic life

In October 2008 the first batch of 15 substances of very high concern was published seven of which were earmarked for a consultation on whether or not they should be subject to a very costly ldquoauthorization of userdquo requirement These seven were approved and the European Commission will determine the date when these will be added to Annex XIV These obligations will then enter into force some 42-48 months later on what is known as the sunset date If approved downstream users can only use these substances where theyrsquove been authorized for and they can only be purchased from the company granted the authorization

The REACH data collection has resulted in the circulation of hundreds of ldquostan-dard lettersrdquo in a multitude of formats Many manufacturers have refused to reply to the ad hoc requests they receive preferring to promote Websites or cen-tral databases (which have been slow to develop) Guidance on the regulation encourages a more proactive approach rather than simply providing a link to a Website Likewise there have been many random requests for information that are not obligatory such as pre-registration details and RoHS-style certificates of compliance

Future batches of SVHCs will be pub-lished on an ongoing basis the next one is expected early 2010 so REACH will not be a box that can be ticked as complete for several years to come

ldquoRoHS2rdquoWhen introduced RoHS featured six

restricted substances across eight broad categories of product pulled from the 10 categories in the WEEE Directive There were 29 exemptions to assist manufactur-ers and design engineers where no viable

alternative was available and a whole raft of ldquograyrdquo definitions that required clarity RoHS2 proposals look to move the directive forward and provide greater clarity However some of its provisions will potentially have cost and resource issues for the industry

The proposals recommend that the two remaining categories from the original WEEE categories namely medical devices and monitoring and control instruments be added to the scope from 2014 on (in-vitro diagnostics from 2016 and indus-trial ldquotestrdquo equipment from 2017) These were originally omitted from the directive due to reliability concerns over the use of lead-free solder

While there are no substances actually restricted under the proposals four are recommended for priority assessment Three plasticizers used in a variety of applications and a flame retardant may well be restricted Ironically the sub-stances BBP DBP DEHP and HBCDD are 4 of the 7 subject to authorization of use under the REACH Regulations

The fate of these substances under RoHS will be open to consultation after the revised directive comes into scope sometime between 2011 and 2012 Either way any restriction under RoHS will probably be sooner than under the REACH process and the analysis is unlikely to be done twice

Under a separate review by European Commission consultants 29 exemptions will continue under the proposals many with amended wording for clarity 6 will be withdrawn and a new one will be granted These could come into force next year and that will be followed by a transposition period of on average 18-months allowing manufacturers the time to comply

In addition a further six exemptions were added in June 2009 that had been proposed a year earlier RoHS2 also clari-fies definitions such as equipment within out of scope equipment spare parts and military where the latter clearly does not include dual use equipment

A standard and rigid declaration of conformity appears in Annex 7 and will replace the multitude of different cer-tificates statements and compliance documents under the original legislation There now appears to be no scope for qualifying statements such as ldquoso far as we are awarerdquo and ldquoto the best of our knowledgerdquo

It is proposed that RoHS will become a CE mark directive placing responsibility on manufacturers importers and distribu-tors There are many requirements includ-ing building technical files and keeping them for 10 years ensuring that products comply that they are supplied with the CE mark and that the manufacturer or importer is identified on the product Sample testing should also be carried out where appropriate and corrective action will be undertaken where product is found to be non compliant

Finally the broad product categories and list of indicative products will move from the WEEE Directive and sit in Annex 1 and 2 of the RoHS Directive

The terminology ldquoRoHS2rdquo is unofficial and is used simply to highlight the pro-posed changes to the original directive

Energy using productsDirective 200532EC Energy using

Products monitors energy efficiency throughout the life cycle of a product from the mining of raw material right through to recycling at end-of-life

The focus is clearly on the design phase of the product since it is considered that

Whatrsquos new amp whatrsquos important to you

Keeping up with the gREEn legislation

By Gary Nevison legislation amp environmental affairs manager Newark

Ken Manchen corporate director safety health environmental affairs Newark


continued on page 8


Sustainability

Design for a Healthy Product Life Cycle

High-Reliability

Compliance

Traceability

Avnet prescribes support formedical device design

The design and supply chain resources offered by Avnet Electronics

Marketing give you the expertise to ensure the definition design

development validation compliance and long-term sustainability

to meet your unique product life cycle requirements

Active and passive components Cabling and harnessing

Thermal Management Power Management

Human Interface Motors

Wireless amp RFID High Brightness LEDs

With access to these tools and services rest assured you have

chosen the right partner to accelerate your success

For more information and to view the latest issue of ourMedical Design and Supply Chain Update eNewsletter

visit us at wwwemavnetcommedical

copyAvnet Inc 2009 All rights reserved AVNET is a registered trademark of Avnet Inc

0000_Avnet_EM_Med_EPT_11X1575[kl]indd 1 91609 42307 PM


supply chain managementdistribution electronic products and technology bull october 2009


8

this is the determining stage affecting the resources used in a product

Obligations on manufacturers will result from a series of specific implementing measures the first of which was adopted in January 2009

Legislative developments - Canada

The enactment of provincial e-waste and national lighting efficiency legisla-tion currently dominates the regulatory scene in Canada

While there is no national waste law regulating the disposal of electrical and electronic equipment five prov-inces have enacted their own electronic waste disposal regulations These five are Alberta British Columbia Nova Scotia Ontario and Saskatchewan Prince Edward Island is posed to be the sixth province to do so All are embracing the extend-ed producer responsibility principle by which manufacturers are deemed respon-sible for the take-back and disposal of the end-of-life products they sell to their customers Although each province defines electronic waste differently they all target discarded computers moni-tors printers and TVs Alberta British Columbia and Ontario have manufactur-ers fund the cost of waste collection and recyclingdisposal Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia require buyers of new electronic equipment to pay a tax known as an environmental handling fee to fund waste collection and recyclingdisposal A Website that will provide details on each provincersquos regulation is available at httpwwwnewarkcomlegislation

Canada enacted a national Energy Efficiency Act in 1992 that addresses the energy efficiency of appliances lights and heatingventilationair conditioning (HVAC) units Additional legislation has been proposed that would ban incandes-cent bulbs by 2012 Detailed information on each is available on the aforemen-tioned Website

Energy efficiency legislationHR 2420 is a proposed bill in the US

Congress that would restrict heavy metal and flame retardant levels in electrical and electronic equipment It is much more limited in scope than RoHS It proposes to cover equipment that operates at 300 volts or more Still it is the first national law proposed in the US that would restrict hazardous substances in electronics

A proposed cap and trade law is being considered by the US Congress It would mirror greenhouse gas cap and trade leg-islation already in effect in the EU The proposed legislation is known as S 1397 and is to be discussed and debated during the fall of 2009 If passed it will result in demand for energy saving electronic equipment Detailed information on the proposed legislation is available at the website referenced above

Two US states recently enacted lighting efficiency legislation These states are California and Maine Californiarsquos Lighting Efficiency law establishes energy efficien-cy standards for lights that are to take effect in January 2010 and it prohibits lights with hazardous substance levels that exceed EU RoHS levels Californiarsquos latest lighting legislation is known as

Assembly Bill 1109 It proposes to ban the sale of 25 to150 watt incandescent light bulbs beginning in 2012

Mainersquos lighting efficiency legislation is known as LD 973 It bans incandescent bulbs as of 2012 and requires manufactur-ers to take-back and dispose of household compact fluorescent bulbs

Detailed informa-tion on the California and Maine legisla-tion is available at the Website referenced above

In instances where no national legisla-tion exists Canadian provinces and USA states are enacting their own legislation Electronic design engineers can expect

gREEn legislation continued from page 6

even more national provincial and state legislation affecting electronic products in the futureFor more information on environmental legislation impacting electronic OEMs in Canada from Newark go to httpepthotimscom23483-50

Raybel hosts disty open houseRegional distributor of electronic components in Quebec Electronique Raybel Inc hosted its first-ever open house at its Montreal-area headquarters recently

Several electronic vendors participated in the table-top exhibition including Hammond Panduit Tripplite Wade Communication CSISpeco Inter M Mode MG Chemical Weidmuller Cooper Tools and Power-Sonic among others

ldquoCustomers appreciated meeting their reps and the Raybel team while enjoying a buffet lunch in the meantimerdquo says Raybel president Claude Hetu ldquoThat was our first but not our last open houserdquo


Plitron signs Matera Technologies as representativeMatera Technologies Inc Toronto was recently appointed as manufac-turersrsquo representative in Canada by Plitron Manufacturing Inc Toronto manufacturer of toroidal transformers

Currently celebrating its 25th anni-versary in business Plitron devices are suitable for demanding applica-tions in audio medical broadcast telecommunications computer power conditioning sectors The firm has also begun production of stators using toroidal technology for the wind tur-bine market

Capable of handling OEM custom solutions Plitron conducts an ongoing research and development program to constantly evolve state-of-the-art toroidal transformer technology says Paul McGraw sales manager Plitron The firm also operates off-shore manufacturing facilities in India and China as a source for higher volume toroidal transformers

Plitron provides standard products for power supply medical isolation and audio appli-cations which can be ordered and shipped anywhere More than 400 standard products are available in the E-Catalog section of Plitronrsquos Website at wwwplitroncom

Matera also operates offices in Calgary Ottawa and Laval QChttpepthotimscom23483-51

Paul McGraw sales manager Steve Nolan general manager and Dr Henry Pajooman PhD research engineerEng manager of Plitron mark the representa-tives agreement with Toronto-based Matera Technologies including Bob Reid Calgary Bob Randall Toronto Ian Bryson Toronto Yves Caron Montreal John Hebert Toronto and Mitch Geerts Ottawa

Digi-Key reaches disty agreement with XMOSDigi-Key Corp Thief River Falls MN has signed a global distribution agreement with XMOS Ltd Sunnyvale CA a leader in event-driven processors

XMOS recently released the XS1-L1 chip family targeted at the mass electronics market which provides embedded soft-ware developers with an energy-efficient scalable multi-core solution This permits users to build complete systems combin-ing interface DSP and control functions entirely in software


Avnet NMB sign distribution deal NMB Technologies Corp Chatsworth CA and the Avnet Electronics Marketing Americas Phoenix AZ have signed a dis-tribution agreement which covers NMBrsquos line of more than 100 ac and dc axial fans and blowers ranging in size from 25mm to 173mm

NMB a Minebea Group Company has more than 50 years of experience in the development of ac-dc axial fans and blowers for use in multiple applications


Mouser reaches deal with DBM Reflex Lighting Mouser Electronics Inc Mansfield TX has signed a global distribution agreement with DBM Reflex Lighting Solutions Laval QC producers of optics for the LED market

Mouserrsquos DBM Reflex stock includes high-power high-brightness LED lenses for use with the OSRAM Golden Dragon and other popular HB-LEDs DBM Reflexrsquos products are developed with proprietary Simoptic predictive software that renders a truly represen-tative optical performance simulation

Mouser also signed a global distribution agreement with AdaptivEnergy Inc manu-facturer of energy harvesting power solutions Mouserrsquos stock includes the firmrsquos Joule-Thief energy harvesting power supplies and demonstration kits and Random Vibration dc power supplies

In addition Mouser has expanded its distribution authorization with Schurter Inc into a worldwide agreement Swiss-based Schurter is a leading supplier of fuses circuit breakers connectors EMC filters and input systems

httpepthotimscom23483-54httpepthotimscom23483-7

products on review

w w w e p t c a

Electrical engineers agree with a Protomat S-Seriesprototyping machine at your side yoursquoll arrive at thebest solutions fast These highly accurate benchtopPCB milling machines eliminate bread-boarding andallow you to create real repeatable test circuitsmdashincluding plated viasmdashin minutes not days

bull Declare your independence from board houses

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ProtoMatreg S-SeriesPCB Milling Machines

9




Three-phase power supply packs 81kWModel PM36218B-10P 81kW three phase 095 power factor 400480Vac input switching power supply comes in 5x5-inch compact case with power density up to 21 wattsin 3(cubed) The 48 Volt state-of-the-art device provides internal forced air cooling including full power continuously over operating temperatures from 0 to +50C Productrsquos rugged design with an ac range of 365 to 528Vac makes it suitable for applications where 3P 400480Vac industrial power is usedPIONEER MAGNETICS


IP66 small die-cast aluminum enclosures suit multiple applications1550 line of industry standard sizes small die-cast aluminum enclo-sures provide mechanical protection and EMC attenuation suitable for a variety of applications Product series consists of 16 sizes available with a natural or black epoxy powder coated finish Watertight units are supplied with a separate compressible self-adhesive gasket Thin wall aluminum devices have high impact strength and can be drilled and punched to accept cablesHAMMOND MFG


Four motor starter functions in one 225mm deviceCONTACTRON 4-in-1 solid state reversing contactor combines four functions in one narrow package Designed for three-phase AC motors up to 4kW5 HP in size the 4-in-1 provides forward reverse overload protection and redundant emergency stop con-tactor functionality in a 225mm-wide module The compact size reduces the necessary DIN rail space by up to 75 saving space and wiring costs as compared to a contactor-based solutionPHOENIX CONTACT


Software improves productivity system specific trainingAutomation Studio V57 innovative soft-ware package for system design simula-tion project documentation and training enables realistic implementation of behav-ior in valve modeling configurations The introduction of a one-line diagram editor for electric power systems increases ver-satility for project of all sizes Product also includes better connectivity with external applications such as ERPs and other simulation environmentsFAMIC TECHNOLOGIES


Lithium battery holders suit rugged applicationsKeystone Electronics rugged 13N Lithium Battery Holders for surface or through-hole mounting are sup-plied with durable heat resistant UL 94V-0 rated Nylon housings ideal for all soldering and reflow operations The SMT version (Catalog 498) provides gold-plated phosphor bronze contacts THM version (Catalog 497) incorporates tin-plated phosphor bronze contacts and the heat resistant nylon housings Both devices accept 13N 3-Volt Cell Lithium batteriesEMX ENTERPRISES


M12 male panel connectors come IP68 pre-wiredM12 panel connectors with M20 x 15 and PG 135 mounting threads are pre-wired and include a potted rear termination mak-ing them suitable for harsh environments The metal housing is made of nickel plated brass and offered with 3 4 and 8 gold-plated contacts Pre-wired 24 AWG wires are 200 mm long With the aid of a potted rear termination the panel connectors are sealed to IP68 which can withstand depths of water up to 18 meters for 24 hoursBINDER-USA


Radial lead tactile switch resists dust waterTL52 radial lead tactile switch contains silver contacts with two gram actuating

force and is sealed to IP-67 require-ments protecting it from dust and

water immersion Other specifications include mechanical life 100000 cycles minimum contact rating 50mA at 12Vdc contact resistance 100milliohm (initial max) insulation resistance 100megohm minimum at 100Vdc dielectric strength 250Vac operating temperature -25 to +85C bounce 10ms maximumE-SWITCH


Software add-ons link distributed IO modules to PLCFree add-on instructions for Allen-Bradley RS-Logix 5000 software lets Allen-Bradley PLC users implement control logic that supports WAGO-IO-SYSTEM distributed IO modules bringing their modular-ity and flexibility to projects requiring compact granular DIN-rail mount IO using DeviceNet and EtherNet IP while providing additional specialty functions such as motor control (dc and stepper) serial communications vibration moni-toring HART device monitoring three-phase power measurement AS-Interface gateway and DALI lighting controlWAGO



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The Exact Lens

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TimingDesigner software delivers new interface to Cadence Allegro pcb SI Technology TimingDesigner 92 EDA software interfaces with Cadence Allegro pcb Signal Integrity (SI) technology providing users with a complete SI and timing design environment Productrsquos integration with Allegro pcb SI allows customers to do a full signal integrity and timing analysis early in the design phase with best in class timing reporting technology to quickly and accurately manage timing paths Engineers can then move their boards to manufactur-ing with the confidence that the design will operate as expectedEMA DESIGN AUTOMATION


7mm connector line includes precision adaptersFull line of 7mm connectors now encom-passes N TNC SMA SSMA 35mm 24mm 29mm 185mm and even BNC Standard adapters are usable at frequen-cies up to 12GHz for N and TNC up to the recommended frequency range for other series Most are nickel-plated brass Precision adapters employ stain-less steel construction for a more precise interface and extended frequency rangeCOAXIAL COMPONENTS


Watchdog timer board prevents system failuresP104-WDG-CSMA series dedicated watchdog timer boards for PC104-based embedded systems initiate system reset if operating system or application program lock up They can also monitor and control parameters such as temperature voltage fan speed and humidity and provide one optically isolated input two isolated digital outputs two non-isolat-ed digital outputs two AD inputs and security light sensor that can detect open enclosure Systems support DOS Linux

and Windows XPVISTA operating systems Windows XPe and CE embedded OSACCES IO PRODUCTS


Briefcase computer includes space for customizingTenuis 100+ portable briefcase computer provides considerable expansion options including two full-length slots for 32-bit PCI cards one mini-PCI-e connector and space for hot-swappable RAID hard drives System hardware includes Intel T7400 2GHz Core Duo processor up to 4GB memory 100GB hard drive DVD-RW drive Firewire port four USB ports Gigabit Ethernet connection keyboard and 15rdquo anti-glare LCD screen Two hot-swappable Lithium ion bat-teries supply 100W output and 190Wh capacity Package measures 325x420x165mm (1275x1650x650rdquo) and weighs 9kg (20lb)ACME PORTABLE MACHINES


Overmolded cable assemblies employ snap-in connectorsSeries 620 and Series 720 overmolded cordsets incorporate plastic snap-in locking connectors that allow quick connect and disconnect of mated pair Male and female cordsets are constructed with plastic shell molded onto 2m PUR cable and have gold-plated contacts ranging from 3 to 12 pins per connector When properly mated they are IP 67-rated

preventing ingress of liquids and debris Custom cable lengths are availableBINDER-USA


PC104-Plus card adds three gigabit Ethernet controllersTRIGET Ethernet modules expand sys-tems with up to three Gigabit Ethernet controllers using single PC104-Plus slot leaving space for other PC104-Plus cards Product range includes choice of RJ45 or 2mm lockable headers and two mechanical sizes Devices operate on 5 and 33V PCI host boards and support up to 66MHz PCI operationTRI-M SYSTEMS


Ethernet cables withstand continuous flex vibrationCategory 5e DataTuff Shielded Twisted Pair Continuous Flex cable is rated for use in continuous motion machinery such as C-Track and festoon sys-tems as well as robotics frequently used in discrete manufacturing and automated assembly lines Category 5e DataTuff Shielded Twisted Pair cable employs flex-ible stranded and shielded construction that provides superior noise immunity and resists machine and plant floor vibra-tion Exclusive bonded-pair technology bonds individual insulated conductors of each wire pair along the cable for supe-rior electrical performanceBELDEN


Rocker switch handles 10A load at 125VacRL3-4S rocker switch is half the size of typical miniature rocker switches yet rated for 10A load at 125Vac It snaps into small panel cut-out hole and includes 0187rdquo tab terminal Color options include black white and custom selectionPHASEDA


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Medical Electronics

12

When power is critical to your equipment aswell as your patients you can rely on MEGAElectronics to deliver Produced in ISO9000facilities our line of hospital grade powercordsrelated components and DC to DC convertersall conform to the highest standards

Upon your next requirement please keep MEGA in mind

Hospital GradePowercords and DC to DC Converters

MEGA Electronics Inc4B Jules Lane

New BrunswickNew Jersey 08901tel 7322492656 fax 7322497442

wwwmegaelectronicscommedicalsalesmegaelectronicscom

Bridging the gap between cables and connectors can be a difficult task Many factors contribute to the success or failure of such a union Adhering to IPC standards isolating and protecting solder terminations and choosing compatible materials for the connector housing cable potting and overmold are all key factors in creating the ideal solution This combination is especially critical when designing for medical applications

Terminating a cable to a connector can be an involved process especially when wire gauges approach 30AWG Steady hands and a great deal of skill are required to strip and manipulate small wires into the connector terminations and apply the correct amount of solder to create a solid connection Though a strong electrical connection can be made by soldering the weakest part of the assembly remains the solder joint Potting and the addition of a strain relief or creating a custom overmold will not only alleviate the pos-sibility of a solder joint breaking it will also serve to isolate the terminations and create an environmental barrier that can withstand autoclaving

The process commonly known as lsquopot-tingrsquo involves isolating the terminations and applying an Epoxy or RTV material to provide a non-conductive barrier between

the bare soldered terminals Choosing the best material to use for the potting pro-cess will depend on the type of housing one uses as well as the cable material and the desired level of heat and chemical resistance Potting is also a great way to seal the termination end of the connector before overmolding

Overmolding is a great solution for creating a watertight barrier between the connector termination and the cable Many materials exist with differing durom-eters color impregnation and temperature resistance The ability to choose the cor-rect material for each application comes only from years of experience working with each type of material Choosing the wrong material could result in poor adhesion to the cable cloudy uneven colors and low resistance to chemicals and heat

The electronics world has many con-nector manufacturers and many more cable manufacturers and assemblers Only a handful of companies such as ODU-USA specialize in seamlessly combining connector manufacturing with custom cable assembly For more information on interconnect solutions or custom cable assemblies for medical applications from ODU-USA Inc go to httpepthotimscom23483-71

Medical cable assemblies

Integrating cables amp connectors

By Richard Harris special applications manger ODU-USA Inc

Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable Medical cable assembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassembliesassemblies


Laminating adhesive bonds to range of LSE substratesQuick-Stick Laminating Adhesive 360 provides fast secure assembly of a wide range of HSE and LSE materials including glass ABS and dif-ficult-to-bond PP HDPE LDPE nylon and powder-coated or UV painted surfaces Product is available in a thin 2-mil or 5-mil transfer tape and 2-mil or 4-mil double-coated tape for a low profile bond line and

a smooth appearance The conformable adhesive provides shear and peel strengths that are equal to or greater than many thicker tapes enabling secure attachment of the many new thinner and lighter-weight products3M


Integrated motor stepper drive fused into oneApplied Motion Productsrsquo STM stepper drive and motor unit is fused into a single device that saves on space wiring and cost compared to conventional motor and drive solutions Device provides advanced current control anti-resonance technology torque ripple smoothing and microstep emulation allow the STM to deliver optimized stepper performance Units come standard with protection against over and under voltage over-temp motor shorts and motor open phaseELECTROMATE INDUSTRIAL SALES


Compact planetary gearhead boasts strength power and endurance Portescap R08 Planetary Gearhead is robust and delivers high continuous torque of 005Nm within a smaller overall envelope of 8mm than its comparable models Device provides increased gear-head life and durability making it capable of delivering twice the radial load car-rying capacity (upto 10N) when com-pared to competitive models Standard gearbox is available from 4 to 256 ratios which can be further extended to higher ratios of 4096 The R08 gearhead can be coupled with Brush DC Brushless and Stepper motors in their respective frame sizes It can also be customized DANAHER MOTION


Low-profile 65W open-frame power suppliesPSA065 and PSA065M series single-output 65W open-frame power supplies fit 1U applications avail-able in 12- 24- and 48V output models Devices comply with the CE low-voltage directive and feature a low-profile 2- by 4-inch footprint PSA065M Series is suitable for medical equipment Devices operate at more than 80 efficiency at maximum load and are extremely reliable featuring a minimum of 250000 hours MTBF in standard operating conditions PHIHONG


Green InGaN laser emits 50mW directDirect emitting green indium-gallium-nitride (InGaN) laser achieves an optical output of 50mW and emits light in true green with a wavelength of 515nm Compared with semi-conductor lasers based on existing technology that operate with frequency doubling direct emitting green lasers are more compact improve temperature stability ease controlOSRAM OPTO SEMICONDUCTORS



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The E-T-A 3120 thermal overcurrent circuit breaker is now available with LED illumination

Controlthe future

Welcome to a new era of energy saving illumination

E-T-Arsquos 3120 series is now available with LED illumination to

provide higher energy efficiency and even longer durability

The amazingly versatile combination rocker switch thermal

circuit breaker uses special energy-saving low current LEDs

consuming less than 2 mA providing the highest possible

energy efficiency In addition the LEDs feature significantly

higher endurance and are much less susceptible to shock

vibration and problems from low temperatures

The 3120s popularity is due to its availability in a broad

range of configurations including single or double pole

with thermal circuit protection on one or both poles

Options include auxiliary contacts for status signaling

magnetic trip coil under-voltage release module remote

trip module and mechanical slide interlock

All of which add up to a perfectly configured circuit breaker

that fits your precise application while saving energy

With E-T-A the future is illuminating

Medical electronic equipment is getting smaller Of course this could be said of all electronic equipment but it is in medi-cal area that the pressure for size and weight reduction is greatest Not only is the hospital bedside environment very space-constrained but there is a trend for more equipment to be used in the home in doctorsrsquo offices and even in cars and on planes

This is creating particular pressure on power supply manufacturers to reduce the size of their products In the last 10 years a typical convection-cooled 100W

ac-dc power supply has shrunk from a 4 x 7 inch footprint in 1998 to just 2 x 4 inches today a reduction over 70 (Note power supply sizes are still most commonly defined in Imperial measure-ments) This size reduction has had to be managed carefully Smaller packages mean less area for heat dissipation which in turn requires higher efficiency

This article explains some of the main design issues and briefly introduces some of the most effective techniques that are now employed to achieve power system design goals in medical applications

Through both empirical measure-ment and calcula-tion estimates of the maximum power loss that a chassis mount or open frame power supply can dissipate as heat for a given footprint are shown in Figure 1 The figures are based on using convection cooling and on maintaining compliance with

Medical power supplies

continued on page 16httpepthotimscom23483-16

safety agency requirements They also take account of providing reasonable operating life and acceptable reliability limits Note that forced air cooling can improve the power rating considerably but at the expense of decreased system reliability - fans are fundamentally less reliable than the other power system components and they add to system size and noise Fan noise is very undesirable in medical applications

Figure 2 then shows how power loss translates into required efficiency For example taking an industry standard footprint of 3 x 5 inches convection cooling can effectively remove about 18 Watts of waste heat Extrapolating from the 20 Watt power loss curve in Figure 2 a 120 Watt power supply needs to be at least 86 efficient for convection cooling to be sufficient

Figure 2 also shows the dramatic effect that a relatively small improvement in efficiency can have on the available power from a power supply for a given heat dissipation Taking the 20 Watt power loss curve an efficiency gain from 88 to 93 would enable a power supply to deliver over 250 Watts rather than less than around 150 Watts within a given footprint

For the power supply designer size and efficiency are usually the most important trade-offs Increasing the switching fre-quency means that smaller components can be used ndash notably capacitors and inductors However switching losses rise and a power supply that may be 92 effi-cient at 30kHz will be only 83 efficient at 200kHz Reliability is always of para-mount importance in medical applications so keeping the power system running well within its maximum ratings is always desirable Finally cost is the ever-present final determinant of a power supplyrsquos suit-ability for a given application

Techniques for managing the design trade-offs

Despite the substantial reductions in power system size over the last decade no single design leap has made this possible Rather a combination of small improvements in both design techniques and components technologies have come together to create the end result Taking power supply from input to output these are some of the design approaches that are now adopted

Two stage input filters use high per-meability cores to minimize size while providing high common mode and differ-ential noise reduction Smaller footprints can be realized by stacking components vertically This can also improve cooling through better airflow

In many power supplies it has become economical to use silicon carbide diodes in power factor correction circuits These need no snubber circuits reducing com-ponent count and saving space while giv-ing a typical 1 boost to efficiency

The main converter topology is critical

FIG 1 The maximum safe heat dissipation vs size for power supplies used in medical applications

trends challenges design approaches By Peter Blythe industry director ndash medical XP Power Ltd


amp14 medical electronics


medical electronics electronic products and technology bull october 2009


16

Schurter Metal Line Switches

- MSM for moderate indoor and outdoor exposure switching 10A 250 VAC 100 mA 30 VDC momentary or latching action 1 or 2-pole seal protection IP 67 operating temp -25˚C to +85˚C impact resistant IK 07

- PSE for extreme indoor and outdoor exposure switching 100 mA 42 VAC 60 VDC NO momentary lifetime 20 million cycles hermetic seal IP 69K operating temp -40˚C to +85˚C impact resistant IK 02

Both series available point or ring illuminated Options for various sizes metals colors and legends

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High performance backplanes resist shock vibrationRear Transition Modules (RTM) high performance backplanes in VPX VME64x VME CompactPCI and custom architectures Product brings IO signals out the rear side of the backplane and provides higher resistance to shock and vibration (compared to a ribbon cable connection style) by directly plugging into the backplane Possible sizes include 3U x 80 mm 6U x 80mm 8U x 80mm and more depending on architecture Modules come with or without injectorejector handles These handles help the board lock securely into place and the panel provides atractive aestheticsELMA BUSTRONIC


Audio indicator delivers continuous tone in medical appsAI-4228-TF-LW140-R audio indica-tor for medical applications measures 42mm and provides continuous tone with an operating temperature between -20 and 60 degrees Celsius Device is rated for 12 Volt with an operating voltage range of 3 to 20 Volt Product weighs 15 grams and provides a reso-nant frequency of 2700hz and a mini-mum SPL of 105db 10 CMPUI AUDIO


Dc-dc converters deliver 6kV isolation barrierM1WG(H) and M2WG(H) series of 1W and 2W dc-dc converters provide a 6kV isola-tion barrier between input and output circuits making them suitable for medi-cal and dental instruments that come into patient contact Devices are tested for 1-minute which equates to a rating of 75kV if tested at 1 second lesser and more common test standard Some models carry UL listingsMEGA ELECTRONICS




Medical power supplies continued from page 14

FIG 2 The minimum efficiency required for a given power supply output to ensure compliance with safety standards

to efficiency For power supplies in the 100 Watt to 200 Watt range a resonant topology is often chosen This can virtually eliminate switching losses enabling smaller heatsinks to be used ndash so contributing to the dual goals of smaller size and higher efficiency In some cases ceramic heatsinks can replace metal ones This results in lower noise because the heat sinks are not subject to capacitive cou-pling with the drain connections of the switch-ing MOSFETS Simplified filtering can then be used An additional advantage of ceramic heatsinks is that smaller creepage distances can be used compared with those needed for conductive metal heatsinks so further board space savings are achieved

The falling price of power MOSFETS has meant that they are now becoming more common than diodes in the main rectifier of switching power supplies Efficiency improve-ments of more than 40 in this part of the circuit are possible For example a 20 Amp

diode with 05V forward voltage dissipates 10W whereas a MOSFET with an lsquoONrsquo resistance of say 14mOhms at 100 degrees Celcius dissipates just 56W Once again ceramic heatsinks can be used to advantage

Lastly control circuits have been great-ly simplified in recent years largely through higher integration of semiconductor functions Application specific chips are now available that can provide the main converter voltage and a host of automatic protection features Comprehensive monitoring and control signals are also more easily implemented thanks to more highly integrated power management devices

Later this year ac-dc switching power sup-plies with medical approvals will take efficiency to levels well in excess of 90 This will enable 250 Watt convection cooled units to be com-pressed into a 6x4 inch footprintFor more information on medical electronic equipment from XP Power Ltd go to httpepthotimscom23483-79




Test amp Measurement

18

With the metrology industrylsquos seemingly boundless quest for ultra high accuracy and sophisticated designs for measuring electron-ic components and a broad range of small complex parts the question is begged how much accuracy is absolutely necessary and especially at what cost Fortunately recent advancements in video measuring equipment design provide highly accurate productive

cost-effective solutions that are well within the vast majority of even the most stringent metrology requirements

The common drivers of todayrsquos requirements include miniaturization high volume increased accuracy and 3-D measurement These are some of the buzz words being heard more frequently in the metrology business ndash and they dictate the capabilities that are being designed into todayrsquos video and multi-sensor measurement systems However one of the obvious factors especially in challenging economic times is lower cost

While the cost factor may seem to be at odds among the other drivers there are design enhancements that are being incorporated into larger travel systems that come

Design advancements make

virtually free of charge In addition electronic component manufacturers are receiving the same pressure to increase performance while decreasing cost

Optimizing design reducing cost

Nothing demonstrates component opti-mization at reduced cost better than the changes in the linear encoder industry Virtually all precision measurement sys-tems utilize linear encoders to monitor the position of their stages in what is known as a ldquoclosed looprdquo configuration In a manual machine this simply means that the operator positions the stage to the desired coordinates as displayed on the DRO (Digital Read-Out) A CNC (Computer Numerically Controlled) system would direct a stepper servo or linear motor drive system to position the transport using various volt-age current and frequency variables but would adjust and confirm the final position by referencing the linear encoder(s) In years past most encoders were primarily constructed of glass housed in aluminum spars and anchored to the machine on two standoffs

While this type of scale is still common some system designers have switched to adhesive backed ldquotaperdquo scales These are as accurate as the glass scales and in many cases more so as they can be directly affixed to the structure of the machine ndash which is often granite Moreover they are far more immune to damage and misalignment and can be much less expensive than their glass counterparts

This is just one example of purchased component optimization that improves perfor-mance while decreasing costs There is even more improvement possible again while decreasing costs on the engineering side For example the availability of FEA (Finite Element Analysis) on desktop computers permits the selection of structural elements that decrease cost and weight while sacrificing nothing in the performance category

The most obvious advantage on a mea-suring machine relates to the design of the granite base-plate and bearing lsquowaysrsquo The bulk of the cost on these items is confined to their precision flatness and squareness FEA allows the completed structure to be synthetically lsquodrivenrsquo and the resultant distortion to be displayed and analyzed in a range of modes Small modifications to the support structure can often result in a dramatic decrease in the thickness weight and cost of the structure

CAD (Computer Aided Design) offers another advantage with the advent of ldquoParametric Modelingrdquo This extraordinary capability retains the relationship of specific entities so that design changes can be accomplished quickly and with less likelihood for error This makes lsquoscalingrsquo of subassemblies possible and with that the efficient expan-sion of a given line of measurement systems

When properly utilized todayrsquos CAD systems yield many other benefits as well For example a lsquorenderingrsquo of the design model can be created in full 3D and the system can be tested for performance and collision avoidance as well as analyzed from an ergonom-ics standpoint Additionally these animations can be used for training aids for assembly or for maintenance tasks in the field Schematics wiring diagrams exploded views and BOMrsquos (Bills of Material) can all be generated on the CAD system This system further offers a fool-proof way to store all of the information for a specific machine in archival form on DVD for future reference All of the above can be achieved for a minimal invest-ment ndash but it is the utilization of these tools that control their payback

Video Laser and Touch Probes can all be integrated into one multi-sensor system with the tools identified above The interaction of these devices can be plotted studied and stored Magnifications can be increased accuracies can be improved and resolution can be enhanced using these techniques You can expect to see a focus on the volumetric measurement and compensation characteristics of these machines as they are exposed to a wider variety of applications and with more emphasis on 3D accuracy

Multi-sensor systems are ideal for complex multi-featured parts including electronic components that may require non-contact contact and 3D probing measuring routines

With increasing magnification vibration isolation will become more important as systems exceed 1000X - but there is no reason to doubt that we wonrsquot see accuracy and repeatability figures in the near future that rival machines of the highest caliber ndash and at a fraction of the cost Modern measurement machines lsquomaprsquo the inherent errors in the

video multi-sensor measurement technologymore reliable affordable

Large format video measurement system provides miniaturization and 3-D measurements

By Mark Arenal managing director Starrett Kinemetric Division


Finite Element Analysis shows exaggerated view of distortion in granite components Red area shows less than two micron deflection

Non-contact linear encoders provide backlash-free submicron accuracy


Deformation Type

69034e-5

51775e-5

34517e-5

17258e-5

0 Min

86292e-5 Max

test amp measurementelectronic products and technology bull october 2009

w w w e p t c a

19

3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1

operating envelope and store the correction data in a lookup file These corrections are applied at machine start-up and require no operator intervention In addition periodic re-calibrations can be accomplished quickly efficiently should the machine warrant it

Design examples Letrsquos look at some examples of design optimization for longer travel systems Some

systems utilize ball screw drive systems They can be noisy expensive maintenance prone and difficult to install properly They are also slow compared to competing technologies The clear leader in drive systems is the Linear Motor Drive which offers nearly silent operation and zero maintenance When coupled with an air-bearing stage and non-con-tact linear scales ndash the system is virtually friction-free which of course leads to better repeatability A further benefit is the absence of lubrication and therefore their use is more compatible for clean room environments

Another lsquono-costrsquo method to increase repeatability is to center-drive the moving axes of a system This eliminates the inherent hysteresis of off-axis drives and contributes sig-nificantly to system performance This is most easily achieved with the use of a split-axis transport system A ldquocompoundrdquo transport nests one axis within the other This makes interaction between the axes unavoidable and generally locates the drive system outside the measuring envelope (off-axis) A gantry system fixes the part to the granite base and drives the probe(s) from the side ndash often mandating the use of dual encoders

Efforts to increase accuracy and repeatability donrsquot need to stop with those mentioned above however If one of the goals is to increase performance by decreasing friction then one must look at even the most passive of components ndash the bellows These devices are costly noisy and introduce variable friction as dictated by their degree of expansion or contraction Their primary purpose is to protect machine components and eliminate pinch-points However these goals can be achieved through alternative design tech-niques

Finally there is feature illumination ndash an area where enormous benefits can be obtained while decreasing costs Earlier measurement and inspection systems used direct lighting and in many instances delivered it to the part via fiber-optic bundles While there are still applications for this technique there is overwhelming acceptance of LED lighting which offers the advantages of no-heat incredibly long lamp life even distribu-tion of light flexibility for all types of illumination and of course ndash low cost

Thanks to these extraordinary new components and design techniques the seemingly unrealistic goal of attaining higher performance while lowering costs is being achieved by the astute lead of todayrsquos metrology systems manufacturersFor more information on videomulti-sensor measurement technology from Starrett Kinemetric Division go to httpepthotimscom23483-85

newswatch

NTS Calgary achieves ITL accreditationSpecialists in compliance engineering and testing services the Calgary arm of National Technical Systems (NTS) Inc recently became an accredited ITL (Independent Testing Laboratory) member following an audit under Verizonrsquos NEBS Testing Certification Program (NEBS-TCP)

ldquoNow there is a lab in Canada that can test for NEBS and have the results accepted by the US carriersrdquo enthused Gilles Philion national sales manager National Technical Systems Gloucester ON

NTS is a global player in assisting organi-zations to access domestic and international markets Acting as a single source for a full range of integrated engineering solutions product testing standards compliance proj-ect management staffing solutions and man-aged services NTS is among North Americarsquos largest independent standards compliance and product testing firms serving compa-nies within the aerospace defense auto-motive telecommunications electronics power medical device computer software and financial markets


One-box communication tester enhanced with PESQ audio measurementcdma200 perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) measurement functional-ity for its 8960 wireless communications test set helps wireless engineers enhance the end-user experience by providing an objective measurement of audio quality in digitally vocoded voice Implementations of vocoder algorithms are designed to provide higher-quality voice at lower data rates Sensitivity and transmitter quality of a mobile handset affects vocoder per-formance and this determines the voice quality heard by the userAGILENT TECHNOL0GIES CANADA


PCI Express card delivers eight RS-232 ports in low profileModel PCIe-COM232-8 PCI Express card provides eight RS-232 ports in a low profile (MD1) form factor Each port is capable of supporting data rates up to 9216kbps and implements full modem control signals to ensure compatibility with a broad variety of serial devices Existing serial peripherals can connect directly to the industry standard DB9M connectors which are provided on the breakout cable that ships with each card ACCES IO PRODUCTS


Thermal imager delivers 320x240 resolution field-changeable batteries Fluke TiR32 Thermal Imager incorporates a 320x240 sensor to provide detailed images using firmrsquos patented IR-Fusion technology marrying high-precision thermal images with visual (visible light) images in full screen picture-in-picture or blended views for enhanced prob-lem detection and analysis Units come with two field-swappable rechargeable batteries that enable virtually continuous imager use Typical battery life is more than four hours each FLUKE ELECTRONICS CANADA


Dc load simulates LED for driver testing63110A LED simulator for driver testing delivers electronic load to allow the forward voltage (Vf) and operating resistance (Rd) to be adjusted to the LEDrsquos V-I curve and simulates ripple current characteristics of typical LEDrsquos The devicersquos load also has increased bandwidth to allow for PWM dimming testing Until now LED drivers have been typi-cally tested with actual LEDrsquos or resistive elements Product speeds test methods automation and repeatable load characteristicsCHROMA SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS


One-button test solution for 10GBASE-T compliance accelerates validation cycles

XGbT test automation software and test fixtures provides one-button solution for the full-range of 10GBASE-T measurements The oscilloscope-based solution low-ers cost by nearly 50 removes complexity and improves usability compared to competitive solutions Product improves efficiency with faster validation cycles and higher reliability TEKTRONIX





Semiconductors amp ICs

20

The ARM Cortex-M3 architecture provides many improvements compared with its predecessor the popular ARM79 and is designed to be particularly suitable for cost-sensitive embedded applications that require deterministic system behav-iour This article describes how devel-opers can best utilize the advanced capabilities of the Cortex-M3 when designing embedded applications

ComparisonCortex-M3 is a member of the Cortex-

M family one of the three ARM Cortex architectures that were introduced to the embedded marketplace in 2004 and is being integrated into low-cost embedded microcontrollers (MCUs) from an increas-ing number of silicon vendors

The Cortex-M3 improves on the ARM79 in most qualitative estimates ndash simpler stack architecture better interrupt con-troller and higher-performance instruc-tion set as well as enhanced debug capabilities all of which can significantly affect end-product performance

The Cortex-M3 reduces both the over-head and complexity of ARM79 stack management by incorporating only two stacks Tasks execute in Thread mode using the process stack while interrupts execute in Handler mode using the main stack The task context is automati-cally saved on the process stack when an exception occurs upon which the proces-sor moves to Handler mode making the main stack active On return from the exception the task context is restored and Thread mode re-instated if the inter-rupted task remains the active task

If however a new task is to be sched-uled the context switch must take place Because the task context is already saved this procedure is more straightforward with the Cortex-M3 and also consumes

50 fewer processor cyclesThe Cortex-M3 includes several inte-

grated peripherals in addition to the core CPU Most important of these is the Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC) designed for low latency effi-ciency and configurability The NVIC saves half the processor registers automatically upon interrupt restoring them upon exit allowing for efficient interrupt handling It also removes the need for savingrestoring registers during back-to-back interrupts The NVIC also integrates the SysTick a 24-bit down-counting timer intended for RTOS use

The Cortex-M3 implements ARMv7-M using the Thumb-2 Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) mdash a superset of the original Thumb mdash which includes new 16- and 32-bit instructions Cortex-M3s always execute in a single mode (Thumb-2) unlike ARM79s that needed to switch between ARMThumb modes

The Cortex-M3 includes 36 instructions not available on the ARM79 including CLZ (count leading zeros) which is particularly useful for kernel scheduling algorithms An optimized version of the scheduling algorithm for microCOS-II written in assembly language using the CLZ and RBIT instruc-tions can be used to find the highest prior-ity ready task efficiently within about 25 clock cycles ndash about twice as fast as the equivalent optimization that can be done with an ARM79 and 3-4 times faster than the same algorithm written in C

Debug and trace The ARM7TDMI-S cores have only two

hardware watchpoints mdash translating to either two code breakpoints or one code breakpoint and a data breakpoint mdash and no live core access Ideally multiple breakpoints need to be activated to pin-point a badly behaving application

In contrast the Cortex-M3 which con-tains a sub-set of the new ARM Coresight debug technology has six code breakpoints and four general-purpose watchpoints providing enough breakpoints for most debugging scenarios The Cortex-M3 also allows live access to the core when the application is running making it possible to read and write memory and setclear breakpoints on a running application

There are five main functional units that implement the Cortex-M3 debug logicbull DWT (Data Watchpoint and Trace) ndash provides a set of functions that collect information from the system buses and generates events to the ITMETM units These functions are four independent watchpoints program counter sampler interrupt trace and CPU statisticsbull ETM (Embedded Trace Macrocell) mdash an optional unit that provides high band-width instruction trace data over a dedi-cated 4-bit high speed trace bus using a special hardware probe such as IAR J-Trace for Cortex-M3 bull FPB (Flash Patch and Breakpoint) mdash implements the logic for six code breakpoints and contains logic to patch eight instructionsbull ITM (Instrumentation Trace Macrocell) ndash the formatter for events originating from the DWT ITM packets from 32 IO ports can be picked up by the debugger in realtime and can transmit internal status and statistics on RTOS kernels TCPIP stacks and other middleware softwarebull DAP (Debug Access Port) mdash receives data from the other units and combines and routes the information to the avail-able debug ports JTAG SWD (Serial Wire Debug) SWO (Serial Wire Output) and trace port

SWD is the preferred debug interface when debugging with Cortex-M3 but to take full advantage of its features

requires a probe with full SWDSWO support such as IAR J-Link version 7 or later which is capable of running at SWO speeds at up to 6Mbs

The Cortex-M3 debug controller enables debuggers such as C-SPY in IAR Embedded Workbench to provide enhanced function-ality simply by using a JTAG probe such as IAR J-Link that supports SWO data

The function profiler will help find the functions where most time is spent during execution mdash the parts to focus on when spending time and effort on optimizing code In a system without trace capabili-ties this would have required the debug-ger to set breakpoints at each entry and exit from functions

DWT allows the debugger to sample the PC and provide statistical profiling A PC sampling rate of around 10000 samples per second is good enough to find CPU intensive functions in the application although not to provide a precise profile The timing information for each function in an application can then be displayed in dif-ferent formats in IAR Embedded Workbench while the application is running

The statistical trace information received via SWO can also be used to provide information about the number of times each instruction in the code has been executed

The four watchpoints in the DWT mod-ule can be used to log accesses to up to four different memory locations or areas including time information and thus help to place that data in more efficient memory making the application program more efficient and helping to debug it

By using the DWT module to trigger an ITM packet for each interrupt activity the debugger can present logs and graphs of the interrupt activity in the system help-ing for example to locate which interrupts can be fine-tuned to make execution faster Figure 5 shows the Interrupt Log window in IAR Embedded Workbench A condensed summary for each interrupt source is also available

The ITM module also provides a non-intrusive printf() function that reduces the overhead for this mechanism to around 100micros compared to a couple of hundred ms when using the traditional breakpoint-driven semihosting method

The debug controller makes developing and testing software easier Not only is the architecture sensible stable and efficient its designers aimed provide a developer-friendly platform with a sophisticated debug system and six flash breakpoints that are immensely helpful during testing and development and powerful trace fea-tures that allow greater real-time visibility into application operationFor more information on utilizing the advanced capabilities of Cortex-M3 when designing embedded applications go to httpepthotimscom23483-89

Building advanced Cortex-M3 applicationsHow to best utilize advanced capabilities

Building advanced Cortex-M3 applicationsBy Jean Labrosse president Micrium Inc

Anders Lundgren and Lotta Frimanson product managers IAR Systems AB

Cortex-M3 debug architecture








Discussion of theory and a step-by-step benchdemonstration measuring output ripple A range ofmethods for reducing output ripple while stressing theimportance of good technique

Discussion of types of transient overvoltage andmethods to generate and measure them

Definition of the terms and the relationships amongefficiency heat cooling by conduction convection andradiation Using these relationships calculations aremade to determine efficiency and thermal impedanceleading to the choice of a proper heat sink

EMI How to Get the Lowest NoiseDescription of the sources of current mode anddifferential noise A bench demonstration of the effectof various filters and combinations on noise spectrashown in the context of EN55022 Class B limits

GAIN ExperienceSAVE Time

Your Power Questions Answered in the Lab

Vicors PowerTechtorial Series concentrateson important real-world technical issues inpower system design Power questions areanswered by senior applications engineersthrough concise expert instruction in the labEach techtorial on vicorpowercom isaccompanied by relevant technical articles and application notes

Gain access to view an ever-growing numberof Vicor PowerTechtorials Youll be informedas each NEW techtorial becomes available Asalways technical assistance with your powersystem design is there worldwide from VicorApplications Engineering at 800-927-9474

PO ERTECHTORIALStrade

Thermal amp Mechanical Considerations

Input Overvoltage Protection

Improving Output Filtering

View Nowat

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PowerTechtorialsRev3qxpEPampT 81109 223 PM Page 1


electroguide advertisersrsquo index 22



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e l e c t r o g u i d el i terature review


Unistrip 2600 smartstriptrade technologySchleunigerrsquos UniStrip 2600 can process many unique applications and wire amp cable types including discrete wire from 6 - 32 gauge power cords multi-conductor cables flat cables and others SmartStriptrade is one of the options available for the UniStrip 2600 This new technology allows operators to strip wires from approximately 8 ndash 22 gauge without having to make any adjustments to the machine This is very handy when alternating between several different wire sizes One of the many benefits are precise repeatable strip lengths with results that are operator independent

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DDR3 1866 memory bus debug solution speeds setupAgilent and FuturePlus Systems Corp Partner to develop DDR3 1866 DIMM interposer test solution which is com-

prised of the Agilent 16962A logic analyzer module and the FS2352 interposer for next-generation double-data-rate (DDR) SDRAM buses Unitrsquos low-pro-file minimizes probe-induced effects on the DDR3 bus The inter-poser is inserted into

the target memory socket while also accepting a memory module in the probersquos extender slot Productrsquos software com-ponents speed setup and simplify analysis Tool is suitable for designers performing DIMM validation failure analysis and bus functional-parametric validation in servers super-computing desktops and computing applicationsAGILENT TECHNOLOGIES CANADA


semiconductors amp ICs

Small signal transistors sit in low profile packageCMBT3904E (NPN) and CMBT3906E (PNP) small signal transistors in space saving SOT-923 surface mount package are 40V general purpose devices with a maximum collector current of 200mA and outstanding low typical VCE(SAT) specifications of 0057V 10mA and 01V 50mA Device has a maximum profile (height) of 041mm and occupies 11mm x 065mm of board space Product is suitable for todayrsquos smallest electronic products utilizing 75 less board space than the SOT-523 with a 47 lower profile CENTRAL SEMICONDUCTOR


Wideband RF quadrature modulator targets wireless infrastructureCMX993W highly integrated wideband quadrature modulator provides 30MHz to 1GHz operation with excellent wideband

noise performance across multi-ple modulations and bandwidths Device provides translation from baseband IQ signals to a modu-lated RF signal the wideband inputs (up to 100MHz) can be driven single-ended or differen-tially for optimum performance

Product has two integrated and matched double-balanced mixers driven from a buffered quadrature split local oscilla-tor The lsquoLOrsquo frequency is divided by either 2 or 4 with mixers forming an IQ vector modulator with programmable gain stages (offering a desirable 30dB of gain control in 25dB step increments) CML MICROCIRCUITS


Nanopower Op amp extends battery lifePowerWise LPV521nanopower opera-tional amplifier (op amp) provides low power consumption at 552 nanowatts (nW) with guaranteed operation down to 16V Device extends bat-tery life in portable equipment and low power applications including wireless remote sensors power-line monitoring and micropower oxygen and gas sensors Product provides a supply voltage range from 16V to 55V with a maximum supply current of 04uANATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR


High density FPGA boosts performance lowers powerStratix IV EP4SE820 FPGA increased its high-end density range from 230K to 820K logic elements (LEs) Device delivers 53 higher density than firmrsquos EP4SE530 device and is at least one speed grade faster than the closest competitorrsquos largest offering Productrsquos density performance and power-saving features enables simplified design partitioning acceleration of verification cycle and reduction in total system powerALTERA


Semiconductor package delivers speed reliabilityHyperBGA PTFE-based lsquocorelessrsquo semiconductor package provides improved power and density with the addition of signal layers while allowing semiconductor devices to run at extremely high speeds The combination of the low loss low dielectric constant material and strip line cross sections enable digital signal speeds surpassing 12Gbs delivering superior electrical performance Device provides long flip chip BGA life and outperforms ceramic BGA packages by delivering up to 10 times the reliabilityENDICOTT INTERCONNECT TECHNOLOGIES


2010

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3

e d i t o r i a l













33210A ndash 10MHz $1195

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us 1-800-829-4444 canada 1-877-894-4414

SPD



pcaulfieldtelusnet








Stephen LawEditor

4165105208slaweptca





















ISSN 0708-4366









ISSN 0708-4366



copy 2009




Printed in Canada














newSwatch














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6




































continued on page 8


Sustainability


High-Reliability

Compliance

Traceability



















8






































products on review

w w w e p t c a










9




























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The Exact Lens

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12






































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toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















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2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW



3

e d i t o r i a l













33210A ndash 10MHz $1195

33220A ndash 20MHz $1860

33250A ndash 80MHz $4571





us 1-800-829-4444 canada 1-877-894-4414

SPD



pcaulfieldtelusnet








Stephen LawEditor

4165105208slaweptca





















ISSN 0708-4366









ISSN 0708-4366



copy 2009




Printed in Canada














newSwatch














newSwatch































6




































continued on page 8


Sustainability


High-Reliability

Compliance

Traceability



















8






































products on review

w w w e p t c a










9




























10


The Exact Lens

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toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















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2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW





newSwatch














newSwatch































6




































continued on page 8


Sustainability


High-Reliability

Compliance

Traceability



















8






































products on review

w w w e p t c a










9




























10


The Exact Lens

you need for








products on review

























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MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

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continued on page 8


Sustainability


High-Reliability

Compliance

Traceability



















8






































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w w w e p t c a










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The Exact Lens

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3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1








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MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

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High-Reliability

Compliance

Traceability



















8






































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MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

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8






































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w w w e p t c a










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schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW









10


The Exact Lens

you need for








products on review

























(800) 346-6873




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Medical Electronics

12






































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SYSTEM

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trade







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18
























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86292e-5 Max


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schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















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2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

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20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW





Medical Electronics

12






































4mm 5mm 635mm pitch








SYSTEM

TM

trade

trade







Controlthe future










































16



























18
























Deformation Type

69034e-5

51775e-5

34517e-5

17258e-5

0 Min

86292e-5 Max


w w w e p t c a

19

3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1








newswatch




















20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW











4mm 5mm 635mm pitch








SYSTEM

TM

trade

trade







Controlthe future










































16



























18
























Deformation Type

69034e-5

51775e-5

34517e-5

17258e-5

0 Min

86292e-5 Max


w w w e p t c a

19

3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1








newswatch




















20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW







Controlthe future










































16



























18
























Deformation Type

69034e-5

51775e-5

34517e-5

17258e-5

0 Min

86292e-5 Max


w w w e p t c a

19

3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1








newswatch




















20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW






16



























18
























Deformation Type

69034e-5

51775e-5

34517e-5

17258e-5

0 Min

86292e-5 Max


w w w e p t c a

19

3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1








newswatch




















20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW







18
























Deformation Type

69034e-5

51775e-5

34517e-5

17258e-5

0 Min

86292e-5 Max


w w w e p t c a

19

3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1








newswatch




















20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW




w w w e p t c a

19

3500 MED AD 92209 940 AM Page 1








newswatch




















20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW






20
















































View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW















View Nowat

vicorpowercomPT3






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW






ADV

ERTIS

ERSrsquo

IND

EX






schleUniger



toll free 18003990748f 9057959548



















2010























2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW


















2008

MOUSETRAPGOLDEN

Finalist

NEW

NEW



EPT October 2009 Edition

Documents

Transcript of EPT October 2009 Edition