Epithelial cell
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Transcript of Epithelial cell
* Nafly Hussain*
Present by: M.Nafly(HND in Biomedical scientist)
* Nafly Hussain*
Epithelial cell
Stratified squamous
Simple cuboidal Simple squamous
Simple columnarStratified columnar
Pseudostratified columnar
Epithelial cell
Simple
Epithelial cell Simple Squamous Simple Cuboidal Simple Columnar
Stratified
Epithelial cell Stratified Squamous Stratified Cuboidal Pseudo Stratified
Columnar
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Squamous Epithelia
Simple SquamousEpithelia
Stratified SquamousEpithelia
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Squamous Epithelia:Structure
Simple Squamous Epithelia consist of a single layer of flattened cells and it has a
nucleus. It’s shape is rather like crazy paving.
Stratified Squamous Epithelia has many layers of flattened cells.
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Squamous Epithelia: Function
• Simple Squamous Epithelia It protects line passageways cavity and cover the pleura,
pericardium and peritoneum.
• Stratified Squamous EpitheliaThis epithelium protects underlying layer and repair itself rapidly if damaged .
Outer layer of the cell may be keratinized on dry surface such as skin.
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Squamous Epithelia Located places
Simple Squamous Epithelia
Lining the heart Blood vessels Lung alveoli Body cavities
Stratified Squamous Epithelia
Lining the mouth Cervix and virgina
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Blood vessels
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Lining the mouth
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Apical surface
Apical surface
Basal surface
Basal surface
Nucleus
Nucleus
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Squamous Epithelia Adaptation
• This epithelial cells either impervious or semipermiable depending on the tissue
• Outer layer of the cell may be keratinized on dry surface such as skin.
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Structure of cuboidal epithelia
Characteristics : • Roughly square in shape.
• Each cell has a spherical nucleus in the centre.
• Cells lie on basement membrane.
• Tightly packed with little or no-inter cellular substance.
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Structure
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Stratefied Cuboidal Epithelium
Consist of only one single layer of cells
Cuboidal cells through out
Consists of two or more layers of cells
Upper layers made of cuboidal, lower layers columnar
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Single layer Arpical surface
Cytoplasm
Nucleas
Basal laminaConnective tissue
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Found in :
Simple Cuboidal Stratefied CuboidalLining: surface of ducts of various glands and organs
Lining : inner lining of ducts
• kidney tubules• ovarian surface epithelium• sperm-producing ducts•wall of respiratory bronchiole• bile duct
• salivary glands • pancreatic ducts.• Sweat glands.•egg-producing vesicles of ovaries • sperm-producing ducts
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Simple cuboidal : Kidney Tubules
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Stratefied Cuboidal: Sweat gland
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Simple Cuboidal: Function
• Provide a layer of protection from :1. abrasion
2. foreign particles
3. invading bacteria
4. excessive water loss to the underlying tissue
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Function and Adaptation
Organ/ Duct Function of Simple Cuboidal epithelium
kidney tubules cells aid in the absorption and transport of filtered substances.
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Kidney tubules
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Function and Adaptation
Organ/ Duct Function of Simple Cuboidal epithelium
Adaptation
respiratory bronchioles
Helps create a transitional zone where respiration can take place.
cilia in the proximal portion of the bronchiole
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Respiratory bronchioles
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Function and adaptation
Organ/ Duct Function of Simple Cuboidal epithelium
Adaptation
ovarian surface repair ovulatory defects that occur on the ovarian surface
Simple cuboidal cells are able to rapidly divide and increase
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Ovarian surface
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Stratefied Cuboidal: Function
• They protect the sweat glands, salivary glands and mammary glands.
• They aid in sweat secretion.• They help in sperm production.• They also aid in secretion of ovarian
hormones.
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Columnar Epithelia
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StructurePseudostratified Columnar
• All cells rest on the basement membrane but all cells do not reach the lumen.
• The nuclei are found at different levels.
• Only a single layer of cells. but looks multilayered.
• Has its cell nuclei positioned in a manner suggestive of stratified.
Simple Columnar
• Uni-layered
• The height of the cells may vary.
• Cells are elongated and column shaped.
• Characteristically their nuclei are also elongated and usually located near the base of cells. and at right angles to the base.
• • The cells are longer than their
width.
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Functions
Simple Columnar Epithelium
• The main function is protection.
• For example, the epithelium in the stomach and digestive tract provides an impermeable barrier against any bacteria that could be ingested but is permeable to any necessary ions .
• Simple columnar epithelial cells can specialize to secret mucus that coats and protects the surrounding surface from damage.
• simple columnar epithelium is also specialized to provide sensory input.
• simple columnar epithelium are very good at absorbing and transporting nutrients from locations like the small intestine .
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Pseudo stratified ciliated epithelium lines the nasal cavities, trachea, and bronchi. Its function is to protect these structures, secrete mucus by goblet cells, and move mucus by cilia.
Trap and move "pollutants" to the mouth where they are swallowed.
Secretes and propels mucus by ciliary actions.
Has an absorptive function.
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LocationSimple Columnar
• Sites where chief function is – protectionEg. ducts of glands bronchioles
• Sites where cells canboth secrete and absorb.Small intestine
• Sites where the cells are specialized to secrete - surface lining of stomachcervical canal.
• Uterine tube
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Eyes
Buccal cavityEars
Digestive tract
Reproductive organs
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Location Pseudo stratified
Columnar
• respiratory tract from nasal cavity to bronchi
• portions of male urethra.
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Simple Epithelium
Columnar cell cytoplasm
Other junctions, such as adherens or desmosomes
Nucleus
Basal surface
Apical surface
Tight junctions
Basement membrane basal surface
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Pseudo stratified Epithelium
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Adaptations
Simple columnar.
• Cilia found on the luminal surface.
• Goblet cells within columnar cells.
• Microvilli specialized for absorption.
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Adaptations
Pseudostratified columnar.
Ciliated in the respiratory system.
Has large microvilli or stereocilia onthe surface,in the male genital system.