Epidemiology Genetics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies · Dementia with Lewy Bodies Richard Mayeux...

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Epidemiology & Genetics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies Richard Mayeux Columbia University Taub Institute/Sergievsky Center 1

Transcript of Epidemiology Genetics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies · Dementia with Lewy Bodies Richard Mayeux...

Page 1: Epidemiology Genetics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies · Dementia with Lewy Bodies Richard Mayeux Columbia University. Taub Institute/Sergievsky Center. 1. Epidemiology & Genetics of

Epidemiology & Genetics of  Dementia with Lewy Bodies

Richard Mayeux

Columbia University

Taub Institute/Sergievsky Center

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Page 2: Epidemiology Genetics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies · Dementia with Lewy Bodies Richard Mayeux Columbia University. Taub Institute/Sergievsky Center. 1. Epidemiology & Genetics of

Epidemiology & Genetics of DLB

Frequency–

Pathological diagnosis

How accurate is the clinical diagnosis?

Rates uncertain without a uniform definition

Risk factors–

Misclassification of diagnosis

Genetic influences–

Families multiply affected

Cohort studies2

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Lewy Body Pathology

A.

Lewy body in substantia nigra B. & C. Lewy body in cortical neuronUbiquitin Stain

A. & B. Lewy body in cortical neuronImmunostained for α

synuclein

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McKeith, I. G. et al. 2005

Clinical Criteria for DLB

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McKeith, I. G. et al. 2005

Likelihood of Pathologic Findings Reflect  DLB Clinical Syndrome

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Antemortem Prediction of LBD 

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Tsuang D, et al 2008Tiraboshi P, et al 2006

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Frequency of DLB by Clinical Criteria

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Zaccai, J. et al 2005

Population‐Based Estimates of DLB 

(PP = Population Prevalence)

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Bennett, D. A. et al. Neurology 2006

Lewy Bodies ‐Healthy Elderly

12 to 16%

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Page 10: Epidemiology Genetics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies · Dementia with Lewy Bodies Richard Mayeux Columbia University. Taub Institute/Sergievsky Center. 1. Epidemiology & Genetics of

Epidemiology & Genetics of DLB

Frequency–

Pathological diagnosis

How accurate is the clinical diagnosis?

Rates uncertain without a uniform definition

Risk factors–

Misclassification of diagnosis

Genetic influences–

Families multiply affected

Cohort studies10

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Cerebrovascular contributions to DLB

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Isojima D, et al 2006

Haugarvoll K,2004

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Woodruff, B. K. et al. 2006

Family History of Dementia as a Risk  Factor for LBD

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Familial Aggregation of Clinically  Diagnosed DLB

13Nervi A, et al 2008

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Families with Cortical Lewy Bodies and  Dementia

14Harding AJ, et al 2004Left = dementia, Right = PD, Full = both

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Tsuang, D. W. et al. 2002.

DLB

Kindreds

and APOE

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GBA

MutationCarriers and

Parkinson’s Disease

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Mata, I. F. et al. 2008

GBA

Mutation Carriers

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Neuropathological Studies 

• Tayebi et al (2003) 4 autopsies of patients with Gaucher

disease and parkinsonism. All had marked loss of pigmented 

neurons and numerous Lewy bodies in substantia nigra and 

two had Lewy bodies in brain regions affected by Gaucher, 

including the CA2‐CA4 hippocampal regions.

• Goker‐Alpan

et al (2006) GBA

in autopsy specimens with 

different synucleinopathies

( 35 DLBD, 29 PD and 12 MSA) 

and identified mutations in 23% of cases of DLBD, 4% of PD 

and 0% of MSA

patients.

Mata et al (2008) 54/57 with postmortem confirmed DLB

and 

identified mutations in 3.5% of cases. Full gene sequencing 

was not performed and only 2 mutations, N370S and L444P, 

were genotyped.

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Bogaerts, V. et al. 2007

Pedigrees Linked to 2q35‐q36*

Age at onset 70.7 yrs (62 to 80 yrs)Duration of disease 11.5 yerarsExcluded: PSEN1/2, APP, PRNP, MAPT, SNCA, Parkin, DJ1, LRRK2

* 77 genes in 9.2Mb candidate region19

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Conclusions•

Refinement of the clinical and pathological 

diagnostic criteria will improve

At present it is difficult to know proportion of  clinically diagnosed DLB

No major risk factors reflects misclassification of  diagnosis (favors null)

Genetic influences robust–

APOE

GBA

mutations not associated with Alzheimer’s disease 

pathology, thus mutation status could be used biomarker 

for the clinical diagnosis of LB disorders.–

Candidate loci 

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Pten

IRSPI3K

Growth factor receptor

PDK1AKT/PKB

TSC1

TSC2ERK

mTORC1 mTORC2

raptor rictormTOR mTOR

LKB1

AKB1

Rheb

Rapamycin

Autophagy InductionAtg1 + other Atg proteins

Membrane NucleationBeclin 1 (Atg6), VSP30,PI3K (class III), Atg14

SequestrationAtg12, 7, 10, 5, 16

LAMP-2A

Cyt Hsc70 KFERQmotif

Chaperone Mediated Autophagy

Macroautophagy

Microautophagy

sortilinp75NTR

Golgi

Protein sorting and trafficking Of lysosomal proteins to the

lysosome

GBAPSAP

α

synuclein

GBA alterations affect lysosomal protein degradation, possibly causing aberrant α-synuclein processing, and LB neurodegeneration.

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Acknowledgements

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GBA‐Neuropathology StudyLorraine ClarkLarry HonigJ‐P VonsattelKaren Marder

DLB Family StudyJoseph LeeChristiane ReitzAngela NerviRong Cheng

NIH/NIA, Alzheimer Association, Taub Foundation, BH

Rockefeller Fund and The Robertson Gift from the Banbury

Fund