Development of Emission Scenario

Document for Lube Oil Formulation and End

Use

Presentation to American Chemistry

Council/Petroleum Additives Panel

March 11, 2015

Greg Macek, EPA/Office of Pollution Prevention and

Toxics/Risk Assessment Division

Edward Viveiros, Eastern Research Group

Presentation Outline

Overview of Emission Scenario Documents (ESDs)/Generic Scenarios

Development Process

Data Utilized in ESDs/Generic Scenarios

Note: The views expressed in this presentation are those of the presenters and do not represent

Agency policy or endorsement

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Overview of Emission Scenario Documents

(ESDs) / Generic Scenarios

Emission Scenario Documents (ESDs)

Developed by member countries through OECD Task Force on Exposure Assessment

OECD ESDs generally focus on environmental releases

US ESDs are authored by EPA/OPPT/Risk Assessment Division

US authored ESDs include Occupational Exposure as well as Environmental Releases

Generic Scenarios

Also developed by EPA/OPPT/RAD

But, not OECD ESD projects

Lube Oil Additives Formulation and End Use

OECD ESD project

Augments existing ESD by UK

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ESDs/Generic Scenarios

Cover a specific industry category

Used in EPA/OPPT New Chemical and Existing Chemical reviews

Used in absence of chemical or industry-specific data

Provide conservative, screening-level estimation approaches for facility throughput, occupational

exposures and environmental releases

Estimation approaches are ready to use with default values provided

Based on readily available data

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ESD/Generic Scenario Development Follows an SOP

Process Steps Prioritization and Selection

Scoping

Data Collection

Development of Draft ESD/Generic Scenario

Review of Draft by EPA/Risk Assessment Division

Development of Revised Draft

For ESDs submission of revised draft to Secretariat of the OECD Task Force on Exposure Assessment

Opportunity for member countries to review and provide comments

ESD may go through several rounds of reviews and revisions

Declassification and published as part of OECD ESD series

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Content of ESDs/Generic Scenarios

Follows a standard format

Main Sections

Section 1 Industry Summary and Background

Section 2 Process Description

Section 3 General Facility Estimates

Section 4 Environmental Releases

Section 5 Occupational Exposure

Section 6 Sample Calculations

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Scope of Lube Oil Formulation and

End Use ESD

Formulation of products containing lube oil additives

Use of additive products in the automotive industry

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Data Utilized in Section 1 Industry Characterization

Types of chemicals and additives used in lube oil products

Typical additive concentrations (as manufactured, or in downstream product formulations)

Typical physical forms of additives (e.g., solids, non-volatile liquids, volatile liquids)

Market distribution and volumes of automotive additives manufactured, imported, and used in the

U.S. 8

Data Utilized in Section 2 Process Characterization

Typical processes utilized by industry to:

Produce product formulations by blending additives with lubricant base stocks

Charge additive-containing lube oils into automobiles

Typical waste practices utilized at formulation and use sites

General practices for mitigating:

Environmental releases

Worker exposures

Typical industry recycling practices/operations for used oil

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Data Utilized in Section 3 General Facility Estimates Associated with Formulation and Automotive Use Sites

Number of U.S. establishments formulating additive-containing lube oils or filling/changing automobiles

Typical number of operating days per year

Typical and high-end daily formulation or use rates

Typical batches per day and hours per batch at formulation sites

Typical number of automobiles serviced per day and hours/service at automotive sites

Typical size of each formulation batch or automotive fill/refill

Types of containers typically used to transport unblended additives or final products

Typical container disposal practices

Typical equipment cleaning practices and annual frequency

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Data Utilized in Section 4 Environmental Releases Associated with Formulation and

Automotive Use Sites

Typical process activities resulting in potential environmental releases

Environmental release estimates associated with process activities

Typical waste minimization practices, including any supporting information on their

effectiveness (e.g., percent waste reduction)

Typical waste treatment and disposal practices

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Data Utilized in Section 5 Occupational Exposures Associated with Formulation

and Automotive Use Sites

Typical worker activities resulting in potential exposures to lube oil additives through:

Dermal route

Inhalation route

Typical personal protective equipment

Exposure monitoring data (inhalation, dermal)

Typical engineering controls, including any supporting information on their effectiveness

(e.g., ventilation rates, air exchange rates)

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Section 6 Sample Calculations

A sample calculation is presented for each estimation method described in:

Section 3: General Facility Estimates

Section 4: Environmental Releases

Section 5: Occupational Exposures

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Providing Additional Data for the ESD

Contacts:

Edward.Viveiros@ERG.com

Macek.Greg@EPA.Gov

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