EPA 2010/ GHG14 EMMISIONS

Created for: APMA - 2013

By: Scott Fast

EPA 2010 Notes

• 2010 stricter emission standards than 2007• OEM’s will go to a Selective Catalyst Reduction

(SCR) System.• SCR gives the customer better fuel economy.• SCR will treat exhaust down stream from

engine.• SCR will add 500 – 800 LBS to truck chassis.• SCR will effect total payload, in some

applications.• SCR packaging will change chassis

configurations for most customers.

Emissions Control Strategy

2007 Emissions2007 Emissions 2010 Emissions2010 Emissions

= Exhaust

SCR Catalyst

NOxPM

NOx

Particulate Matter (PM) is trapped in the Diesel Particulate Filter

(DPF)

= DEF

PM

DEF injected into the exhaust stream

DEF

NH3DEF solution ‘hydrolyzes’ into

ammonia gas (NH3) which mixes with the exhaust

Ammonia (NH3) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) react in the catalyst

to form Nitrogen and Water

N2H2O

Exhaust leaves the engine with the pollutants NOx and PM

How SCR works

HD 1-Box ATS (under step)

1-Box Flow

Item Component

1 Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)

2 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)

3 SCR Devices

4 DEF Hydrolysis Pipe

11

3

3 4

2

2

The following diagram illustrates the flow of exhaust through the DOC and DPF. Then where the DEF enters the hydrolysis pipe and eventually meets the exhaust in the SCR device. Detroit Diesel’s dual parallel flow (ATD & SCR catalyst) reduces backpressure on the engine thus increasing fuel efficiency.

HD Urea Tank

•13 gallon urea tank

shown

• 6/13/23 gallon tanks

available

• Mounted LH side of

chassis

Urea System

Driver Interface

• Integrated Fuel and DEF Gauge • Fuel level gauge with low level indicator• 4 LED level indicator DEF gauge below w/ low level indicator

Representative example for driver warning

LED lamp is bicoloramber / red

4th (low) LED bar is tricolorgreen / amber / red

First 3 LED bars displaygreen

DEF Level Gauge Lamps DEF Lamp

75% to 100% 4 green lights off

50% to 75% 3 green lights off

25% to 50% 2 green lights off

10% to 25% 1 green light off

5% to 10% 1 yellow light on solid

0% to 5% 1 red light flashing on flashing

2010 Driver Inducements

In addition to the SCR hardware is a new DEF gauge. Just like filling up their diesel tank, drivers will need to remember to watch their DEF gauge and fill it when needed.

FULL

EMPTY 25% Engine Derate

55 MPH Vehicle Speed Limit

Check Engine Lamp

Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)

• The following action will be employed once this condition is detected:

• 25 % engine derate

• 55 mph speed limit imposed

2010 Driver Inducements

• Under no circumstances will the engine be shutdown due to running the vehicle out of DEF or putting the improper fluid in the DEF tank

Malfunction Indicator Lamp

If the driver accidentally puts an improper fluid into the DEF tank, the SCR system will detect the error and the malfunction indicator lamp will illuminate.

• After 1,000 miles or 20 hours of operation without remedy a vehicle speed will be limited to 5 mph.

• Similar actions will be employed if the engine detects any tampering or failure with the after-treatment sensors or hardware.

GHG 2014 Notes

• Incorporates OBD diagnostics• GHG2014 begins with M/Y 2014 and increases

stringency through M/Y 2018.• GHG14 applies to both engine, and vehicle.• Separate standards for CO2 (Carbon Dioxide), N2O

(Nitrogen Dioxide), CH4 (Methane) and HFC’s (Hydro fluorocarbon's)

• Greenhouse Gas (GHG): CO2 Grams per Ton-Mile• Fuel Economy: Gallons per 1,000 Ton-Mile• HFC’s: Leakage from HVAC systems may not exceed

1.5% per year.

What Customers need to know:

• GHG14 Unit production started on January 7, 2013• Customer can still spec trucks like they want to. Most

“Regulatory” GHG14 features are optional.• GHG14 Models are using Aerodynamics, LRR Tires,

Vehicle Weight, Engine Efficiency, Idle Reduction and Vehicle Speed Limiters to lower GHG emissions.

• OBD Diagnostics are mandatory. There will be an average price escalator of around $800 per truck.

• State Inspectors may inspect for OBD faults. (Emissions Faults)

• OEM’s are gaining 4-6% better fuel economy with GHG14, over EPA2010.