EOC Biology Practice Assessment Final[1]

NJ

Biol

ogy

Te

achers

Collaborative EOC

Biology

Practice

Assessment

NJ Biology Teacher Collaborative

EOC Pratice Biology Assessment Version 2008-2009

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er Collaborative EOC Biology Practice Assessment

The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. Which process is responsible for returning nitrogen to the air?

A excretionB decomposition C photosynthesisD nitrification

Consider this graph

Which statement summarizes the informa-tion in the graph?

A the cells survive best under acidic conditions B the cells survive best under basic conditionsC these cells would survive better in distilled waterD the survival of these cells does not affect pH

Thousands of years ago, giraffes with short necks were common within giraffe popula-tions. Nearly all giraffe populations today have long necks. This difference is due to

A giraffes stretching their necks to keep their heads out of the reach of predatorsB giraffes stretching their necks so they could reach food higher in the treesC a mutation in genetic material controlling neck size occurring in some skin cells of a giraffeD a mutation in the genetic material controlling neck size occurring in the reproductive cells of a giraffe

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1. 2.

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4. 6.“It is likely that ducks developed webbed feet because ducks that had webbed feet were able to survive better than ducks without webbed feet, therefore the trait was passed on to the next generation.”

This attempt to explain the development of webbed feet in ducks matches the theory proposed by …

A Jean LamarckB Charles DarwinC Gregor MendelD Thomas Malthus

5.

The diagram below represents an energy pyramid.

At each successive level from E to H, the amount of available energy

A increases, onlyB decreases, onlyC remains the sameD increases, then decreasesRainfall in a tropical region is below aver-

age for 10 consecutive years. Insect species adapted for dry conditions are much more plentiful at the end of the 10 years. Which of the following statements explains the in-crease in the population of the insects?

A biodiversity in the region has increased due to the dry conditionsB insects with a high tolerance for dry conditions have migrated out of the regionC natural selection has favored insect species with a high tolerance for dry conditionsD natural selection has selected against insect species that are adapted for dry conditions



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7.

8.

9.

Which two processes result in variations that commonly influence the evolution of sexu-ally reproducing species?

A mitosis and natural selectionB extinction and gene replacementC mutation and genetic recombinationD environmental selection and selective breeding

In examining a picture of a cell taken with an electron microscope, a student observes that the cell has a nucleus and a cell mem-brane, but not a cell wall. The student can correctly conclude that the cell probably comes from

A a sea-weedB a plantC a fungusD an animal

Some insects can stand on the surface of the water because:

A water has a high specific heatB water has a high boiling pointC water is a good evaporative coolantD water’s molecules are cohesive and adhesive

10.

What did the work of these scientists contrib-ute to the study of biology?

A it proved the theory of spontaneous generationB it supported hypotheses about the origin of lifeC it provided an alternative to the cell theory of lifeD it explained the method by which natural selection occurs



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11. 13.

14.

Proteins are formed from monomers(subunits) called –

A amino acidsB fatty acids C nucleic acidsD ribonucleic acids

12. The evolutionary pathways of seven living species are shown in the diagram below

Which two species are likely to have the most similar DNA base sequences/

A b and gB e and gC b and cD c and d

Which statement is supported by the phyloge-netic tree shown?

A species V is still alive today and is the oldest speciesB species W is still developing from a prior speciesC species X, Y and Z became extinct 20 million years agoD species W first came into existence 15 million years ago

One of the factors allowing DNA to fit inside the nucleus of a cell is its ability to –

A break apart into separate genesB denature from the effect of an enzymeC coil tightly around associated proteinsD extend to form very long, thin molecules

Which statement explains a change in the incidence of disease in 1970?

A new drugs cured diabetes B children were vaccinated against measlesC the bacteria that cause pneumonia developed a resistance to drugsD new technology helped to reduce the incidence of all three diseases



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15.

17.

16. The greatest difference between the incidence of measles and the incidence of bacterial pneumonia oc-curred in

A 1940B 1950C 1960D 1970

Which statement provides the reason for the decrease in number of cases of bacterial pneumonia from 1940 to 1970?

A the bacteria did not respond to medical treatments B antibiotics were made available for the treatment of bacterial infectionsC as a result of genetic engineering, humans became immune to the bacteriaD as a result of sexual reproduction, the bacteria evolved into a harmless form

Use the following diagram to answer questions 15,16, and 17



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18. 20.

19.

An animal cell surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes

A water to move into the cellB solutes to move into the cell C water to move out of the cellD solutes to move out of the cell

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes can exchange DNA in a process known as –

A replicationB cytokinesisC crossing overD internal fertilization

Which graph illustrates the expected change in the finch population if the environment chang-es to favor small beaks?

A Graph 1B Graph 2C Graph 3D Graph 4



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21.

22.

23.

One possible reason for the rise in the average air temperature at Earth’s surface is that

A decomposers are being destroyedB deforestation has increased the levels of oxygen in the atmosphereC industrialization has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the airD growing crops is depleting the ozone shield

Scientists hypothesize that oxygen began to accumulate in Earth’s atmosphere after the appearance of living things with the ability to –

A breathe airB form tissuesC photosynthesizeD reproduce sexually

Timothy has attached earlobes. His mother and father both have free earlobes, which are dominant. Which statement explains how Timothy inherited attached earlobes?

A he received a recessive allele from each parent B he received a dominant allele from each parentC he received a recessive allele from his mother and a dominant allele from his fatherD he received a dominant allele from his mother and a recessive allele from his father

24.

A strand of mRNA that is 450 bases long will produce a protein containing approxi-mately how many amino acids?

A 150 B 450C 900D 1350

25.

According to the diagram, during the last 40 million years, the structure of the horse’s foot has —

A lost its toes B become smallerC grown toesD remained the same size



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26. In people, the trait for colorblindness (Xb) is a recessive sex linked trait and normalvision (XB) is dominant. If a female who is heterozygous for colorblindness haschildren with a man who has normal vision, what percent of their male childrenwould be expected to be color blind?

A 0%B 25%C 50%D 100%

27. The diagram below represents a genetic procedure.

Which statement best describes the outcome of this procedure?

A Bacterial cells will destroy defective human genetic material.B Bacterial cells may form a multicellular embryo.C The inserted human DNA will change harmful bacteria to harmless ones.D The inserted human DNA may direct the synthesis of human proteins.



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30.28.

29.

A student adds an unknown solution to a slide containing an animal cell. The student observes a decrease in the volume of the cell. This unknown solution is

A isotonicB osmoticC hypotonicD hypertonic

Which of these will complete the mRNA strand matched to DNA?

A CAGB AUGC GUCD UAC

Which concept is best represented in thediagram shown below?

A human actions are a threat to equilibrium in ecosystems.B equilibrium in ecosystems requires that humans modify ecosystems.C equilibrium in ecosystems directly affects how humans modify ecosystems.D human population growth is the primary reason for equilibrium in ecosystems.



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31.

According to the graphs shown above, during which month would the bear population have the most fish available to eat?

A May B JulyC AugustD October



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32.

33.

34.A virus was introduced to control a rabbit population, at first; the rabbits died in large numbers, but the death rate decreased over time. Which of the following explains the decrease in the rabbit death rate?

A young rabbits learned to avoid being infected with the virusB natural selection favored rabbits that are resistant to the virusC the lifespan of this virus is too short to affect the rabbits over a long period of timeD the rabbits that were originally infected with the virus have been dead for many years

In the diagram below, what does X represent?

A autotrophs B herbivoresC carnivoresD decomposers

35. A major reason that humans can have such a significant impact on the ecological community is that humans

A reproduce faster than most other species B can modify their environment through technologyC remove large amounts of carbon dioxide from the airD are able to increase the amount of finite resources available

The diagram below represents a biochemical process.

Which molecule is represented by X?

A DNA B starchC proteinD ATP



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36.

Assume the trend in the graph above continues. Which of the following would result:

A ocean levels would lowerB an increase in earthquake activityC days would gradually become longerD an increase in average global temperatures

Which cell process will move substances against a concentration gradient?

A osmosisB diffusionC active transportD facilitated diffusion

37.

38.

The above information was collected in the field while studying the effect of pH on the growth of the duckweed plant. The data shows that duckweed has optimum growth at a pH of –

A 4 B 6 C 8D 12

Certain poisons are toxic to organisms because they interfere with the function of enzymes in mitochondria. This results directly in theinability of the cell to

A build proteinsB store informationC dispose of metabolic wastesD release energy from nutrients

39.



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40.

41.

42.Placing wilted lettuce in cold water will make it crisp again. Which statement describes what happens to restore the lettuce to its original condition?

A water left the lettuce cells by diffusionB osmosis caused salts to enter the lettuce cellsC salts in the leaf caused water to leave the cellsD water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis

The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that –

A eukaryotic cells have no organelles B prokaryotic cells are always much larger C prokaryotic cells do not have a plasma membraneD eukaryotic cells have a more advanced cellular organization

43. Assume that brown eyes (B) are dominant over tan eyes (b) in guinea pigs. When a brown-eyed male is mated with a tan-eyed female, 50% of the litter has brown eyes and 50% has tan eyes. What is the genotype of the female guinea pig?

A BB B BbC BtD bb

An organism Jimsonweed, a common plant in New Jersey, has 12 chromosomes in its body cells. How many chromosomes will an egg cell of this plant have?

A 6 chromosomesB 12 chromosomesC 18 chromosomesD 24 chromosomes



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44. The diagram below represents the cloning of a carrot plant.

Compared to each cell of the original carrot plant, each cell of the new plant will have

A the same number of chromosomes and the same types of genesB the same number of chromosomes, but different types of genesC half the number of chromosomes and the same types of genesD half the number of chromosomes, but different types of genes



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45.

46.

47.What would happen to an animal cell with an internal salt concentration of 0.8% if it were placed in a 20.0% salt solution?

A there will be a net movement of water out of the cell and the cell will shrinkB there will be a net movement of water into the cell and the cell will burst C there will not be any net movement of waterD there will be a net movement of salt into the cell

Which statement describes cellular respiration?

A it stores energy in food moleculesB it uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygenC it occurs in animal cells but not plant cellsD it converts energy in food into a more usable form

Cutting down a rain forest and planting agri-cultural crops, such as coffee plants, would result in

A a decrease in erosion B a decrease in biodiversity C an increase in the amount of photosynthesisD an increase in the amount of energy recycled

The kayotype above would belong to?

A a normal human maleB a normal human femaleC a male with chromosomal abnormalityD a female with chromosomal abnormality

48.



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49. In DNA, adenine pairs up with thymine and guanine with cytosine. If adenine makes up 40% of the bases in DNA, then what percentage of the bases in DNA does cytosine make up?

A 10% B 20%C 40%D 50%

50.

51.

Two closely related species of birds live in the same tree. Species A feeds on ants and termites, while species B feeds on caterpillars. The two species coexist successfully because they

A interbreedB compete less for foodC share the same foodD use different methods of reproduction

The presence of some homologous structures in vertebrates suggests that these vertebrates

A all develop at the same rateB evolved from different animals that appeared on Earth at the same timeC all develop internally and rely on nutrients supplied by the motherD may have a common ancestor

52. Why does sexual reproduction result in greater diversity among offspring than does asexual reproduction?

A only mitosis must occur in sexual reproductionB sexual reproduction may occur at a faster rateC mutations are more likely to occur in asexual reproductionD new combinations of genes result from sexual reproduction



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53.

The expression of both alleles for flower color produces a new phenotype that is pink. This illustrates incomplete dominance. Which of the following would be the correct phenotype ratio from a cross between two heterozygous pink flowers?

A 2 red, 2 whiteB 2 red, 1 pink, 1 whiteC 1 red, 2 pink, 1 whiteD 1 red, 1 pink, 2 white



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54. An experiment setup is shown in the diagram below.

Which conclusions could you draw from the experimental setup?

A green plants need light for cell division B plants grow best in the absence of lightC green water plants release a gas in the presence of lightD roots of water plants absorb minerals in the absence of light



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55.

56.

57.Scientists believe that a dinosaur known as a hadrosaurus was a plant eater. Which of the following pieces of evidence supports this conclusion?

A fossilized plant remains are found with the fossils of the hadrosaurusB the regions where hadrosaurus fossils are found were heavily forested C the fossilized teeth of the hadrosaurus are flat like the teeth of modern herbivoresD hadrosaurus fossils are found with fossils of other dinosaurs that were herbivores

Which cell process occurs only in organisms that reproduce sexually?

A mitosis B meiosisC mutationD replication

According to the data in the graph, during which time period did the overall bluegill population decline?

A 1990-1993 B 1993-1996C 1996-1999D 1999-2002



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58. Each drawing represents different stages in the community succession within the state of Virginia. Which of the following drawings represents the climax community in this succession pattern?

A

B

C

D



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59.

60.

Which statement describes all stable ecosystems?

A herbivores provide energy for the autotrophs B the populations of predators are dependent on the populations of the preyC the number of autotrophs equals the number of heterotrophsD consumers synthesize ATP from light energy

Limited resources contribute to evolutionary change in animals by increasing

A genetic variation within the population B competition between members of the speciesC the carrying capacity for the speciesD the rate of reproduction in the population

EOC Biology Practice Assessment Final[1]

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